Standards and Standards Bodies
Ofcom http://www.ofcom.org.uk/about/
The Office of Communications: UK communications industry regulator since 2003.
Inherited the duties of the five existing regulators it replaced:
Broadcasting Standards Commission,
Oftel,
Independent Television Commission,
Radio Authority,
Radiocommunications Agency.
Ofcom's statutory duties : Further the interests of consumers in relation to
communications matters, ensure competition
Ofcom’s specific duties fall into six areas:
1. Ensuring the optimal use of the electro-magnetic spectrum,
2. Ensuring that a wide range of electronic communications services - including high
speed data services - is available throughout the UK,
3. Ensuring a wide range of TV and radio services of high quality and wide appeal,
4. Maintaining plurality in the provision of broadcasting,
5. Applying adequate protection for audiences against offensive or harmful material,
6. Applying adequate protection for audiences against unfairness or the infringement
of privacy.
European Organisations
ETSI: The European Telecommunications Standards Institute is a nonprofit organization. http://www.etsi.com/WebSite/homepage.aspx
Develops a wide range of standards and other technical documentation
for world-wide standardization in telecommunications, broadcasting
and information technology.
CEPT http://www.cept.org/
The European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications
administrations
CEPT created the ETSI (1988) to take charge of its telecommunication
standardisation activities. 48 countries are members of CEPT.
ETSI and CEPT represent Europe in the ISO.
US Standards Bodies FCC http://www.fcc.com/
An independent United States government agency, established by the
Communications Act of 1934.
• Regulates communications by radio, television, wire, satellite
and cable.
• Coordinates telecommunications policy efforts with industry
and other governmental agencies.
• Enforces the Communications Act.
• Regulates radio and television broadcast stations, as well as
Multipoint Distribution (cable and satellite) and Instructional
Television Fixed Services.
• Regulates the use of radio spectrum.
• Regulates telephone companies in their provision of
telecommunications services to the public (corded/cordless
telephones).
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
(1901)
Non-regulatory federal agency within the U.S. Commerce
Department's Technology Administration. Its mission is to develop
and promote measurement, standards, and technology.
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Conducts research that advances the nation's technology
infrastructure and is needed by U.S. industry to improve products
and services;
Promotes performance excellence in manufacturing & service
companies, educational institutions, and health care providers;
Offers technical and business assistance to smaller
manufacturers;
Accelerates the development of innovative technologies for
broad national benefit by co-funding R&D partnerships with the
private sector.
The American National Standards Institute ANSI
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Non-profit organization , coordinates U.S. standardization
system.
Enhances global competitiveness of U.S. business
Enhances U.S. quality of life
Promotes & facilitates voluntary consensus standards and
conformity
Provides a forum for over 270 standards developers in about 200
organizations in the private and public sectors.
Promotes the use of U.S. standards internationally,
Advocates U.S. policy and technical positions in international
standards organizations,
encourages the adoption of international standards as national
standards where appropriate
Represents the U.S. in the ISO and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
EIA/TIA (US)
• The Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) promotes the
development of U.S. high-tech industry; addresses
security and survivability issues concerning the Internet.
• The Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) is a
non-profit trade association involved in standards
development for the communications and IT industry.
TIA represents the communications sector of EIA.
ISO – International Standards
Organisation
The world's largest developer of technical standards.
Non-governmental organization made up of the national standards
institutes of 147 countries, with HQ in Geneva, Switzerland
• To make the development, manufacturing and
supply of products and services more efficient,
safer and cleaner.
• Make trade between countries easier and fairer.
• Provide governments with a technical base for
health, safety and environmental legislation.
• Aid in transferring technology to developing
countries.
Most significant contribution: OSI model.
ITU-T : The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector
is one of the three Sectors of the ITU.
Its mission is to ensure efficient and on-time production of
high quality standards / recommendations covering all fields
of telecommunications.
Created on 1 March 1993, replacing the former International
Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT)
whose origins go back to 1865.
The public and the private sectors cooperate within ITU-T to
develop standards for the benefit of telecommunication
users worldwide.
IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Standards Association (IEEE-SA) is the leading developer of
global industry standards in a broad-range of industries:
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Power and energy
Information technology
Telecommunications
Transportation
Medical and healthcare
New and emerging technology (e.g. nanotechnology
and information assurance)
IEEE 802.x Standards
http://www.technicom.net/clanci/pdf/802overview.pdf
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Sponsor Exec. Committee IEEE LANs &
MANs, overview and architecture……
High Level interface HILI standard
Logical Link Control LLC
CSMA/CD Ethernet
Token Bus
Token Ring
Metropolitan Area Network MAN
Broadband BBTAG
Fibre Optics FOTAG
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Integrated Services LAN
Standards for Interoperable LAN Security
SILS
Wireless LANs
Demand Priority VGAnyLAN
Cable TV Broadband
Wireless PAN (Bluetooth)
BB Wireless Access
Resilient Packet Ring Group RPRG
Radio Regulatory TAG
Co-existence Advisory Group
Mobile Wireless Access Working Group
Internet Standards Bodies
IETF, IESG IAB
The Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF) is a large open
international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and
researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture
and the smooth operation of the Internet. It is open to any interested
individual.
The technical work of the IETF is done in its working groups (WG), in
several areas (e.g., routing, transport, security, etc.).
The working groups are grouped into areas, and managed by area
directors, who are members of the Internet Engineering Steering Group
(IESG) which is part of IETF.
Providing architectural oversight is the Internet Architecture Board,
(IAB).
IAB The Internet Architecture Board is a committee of the
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Responsibilities:
• Architectural oversight of IETF activities,
• Internet Standards Process oversight and appeal,
• The management of publication of the Request For
Comment (RFC) Series,
• The management of the IETF protocol parameter
registry through IANA
• Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is the
central coordinator for the assignment of unique
parameter values for Internet protocols.
http://www.ietf.org/
http://www.iana.org/
IRTF/IRSG: The Internet Research Task Force is composed
of a number of small research groups, including:
Anti-Spam Group Security, Network management,
NameSpace, Peer-to-Peer Routing
Participation is by individual contributors, not organizations.
The IRTF is managed by the IRTF chair in consultation with
the Internet Research Steering Group is the "governing body"
of the IRTF.
The IRSG membership includes the IRTF chair, the chairs of
the various research groups and possibly other individuals
from the research community.
The IRTF chair is appointed by the Internet Architecture
Board (IAB),
ISOC: The Internet SOCiety is a professional membership society with
more than 150 organization and 16,000 individual members in over 180
countries.
Since 1992, ISOC has served as the international organization for
global coordination and cooperation on the Internet, promoting and
maintaining a broad spectrum of activities focused on the Internet's
development, availability and associated technologies.
ISOC addresses issues that confront the future of the Internet, and is the
organization home for the groups responsible for Internet infrastructure
standards, including the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and
the Internet Architecture Board (IAB).