………………In an animal cell, plasma membrane allows some substances to cross easily, this is called
A) selective activity
B) selective permeability
C) selective porosity
D) selective diffuse ability
E) none of the above choices are correct
If a cell contains permeable particles with lower concentration inside the cell than outside, the particles will
A) cross the membrane from inside to outside
B) cross the membrane from outside to inside
C) not cross the membrane at all
D) cross the membrane at the same direction of water
E) require energy to cross from outside to inside
.Water moves across membranes in response to -------------- concentration inside and outside of the cell
A) solvent
B) water
C) ion
D) solute
E) energy
In case of a hypertonic solution, the plant cell will be
A) shriveled
B) normal
C) lysed
D) turgid
E) flaccid
The forcing power of the facilitated diffusion is
A) concentration gradient
B) energy rich molecules
C) the movement of water
D) a group of forcing ions
E) the tonicity
Cells have a mechanism for moving a solute against its concentration gradient, it
A) requires energy in the form of ATP
.B) does not require energy
.C) produces energy in the form of ATP
.D) happens randomly and without any aides
.E) None of the above
During endocytosis a ____________ depression in the plasma membrane pinches in to form a vesicle that
.encloses material that has been outside the cell
A) bubble
B) vacuole
C) vesicle
D) sac
E) tunnel
The capacity to do work and cause change is the definition of
A) dynamics
B) energy
C) power
D) motion
E) force
:Exergonic reactions
A) exothermic
.B) make complex molecules from simpler ones
.C) occur only in autotrophs
.D) occur only in heterotrophs
.E) none of the above
ATP is the energy______ of cells
A) transformer
.B) currency
C) initiator
D) inhibitor
E) a+c are correct choices
is always accomplished by enzymes ______________
A) Dehydration
B) Phosphorylation
C) Catalysis
D) Modification
E) Lubrication
For every enzyme, there are conditions under which it is most effective, higher temperature can do all the
:following effects EXCEPT
A) Denature the enzyme
B) Altering the enzyme specific shape
C) Destroying the enzyme function
D) Produce the highest rate of contact between reactant and the enzyme active site
E) Do all the above
The group of inhibitors which block substrates from entering the active site of the enzyme is called
A) feedback inhibitors
B) competitive inhibitors
C) blocking inhibitors
D) substrate inhibitors
E) site inhibitors
:Membranes are commonly described as a mosaic because of
.A) the carbohydrates embedded in the phospholipids
.B) the proteins embedded in the phospholipids
.C) the proteins can drift (move) about in the phospholipids
.D) the cholesterol embedded in the phospholipids
.E) the carbohydrates on the membrane surface
?Of the following functions, which is most important for the glycoproteins of animal cell membranes
.A) facilitated diffusion of molecules down their concentration gradients
.B) a cell ability to distinguish one type of cell from another
.C) maintaining membrane fluidity at low temperatures
.D) active transport of molecules against their concentration gradients
.E) maintaining the integrity of a fluid mosaic membrane
:Osmosis can be defined as
.A) the passive transport of water across a semi-permeable membrane
B) the passive transport of solute across a semi-permeable membrane
.C) active transport
.D) the diffusion of a solute
.E) endocytosis
is the term that describes the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water ……………
A) Osmosis
B) Hypertonicity
C) Osmolarity
D) Hypotonicity
E) Tonicity
The movement of a substance down its concentration……..through a membrane protein is called facilitated
.diffusion
A) level
B) pressure
C) gradient
D) force
E) diffusion
The phosphorylation of the cell membrane in case of active transport is achieved by
A) phospholipids
B) ATP molecules
C) phosphoric acid
D) phosphomlybdic acid
E) free phosphate groups
.is the same as phagocytosiss ecept that fluids are taken into small vesicles ________
A) Ectocytosis
B) Endocytosis
C) Pinocytosis
D) Plasmolysis
E) Endoplasmolysis
.There are --------- kinds of energy
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
E) six
.An energenic reaction is a chemical reaction that _______ energy
A) transforms
B) stores
C) receives
D) releases
E) accepts
_________The transfer of a third phosphate of ATP is called
A) phosphoration
B) dephosphoration
C) phosphorylation
D) phosphotization
E) a+d are correct choices
?What is the role of an enzyme in a reaction
A) Supplying energy to speed up the reaction
B) Lowering the energy of activation of the reaction
C) Lowering the delta-G of the reaction
D) Changing the equilibrium of a spontaneous reaction
E) Increasing the amount of free energy of a reaction
The ________ cofactors of some enzymes include copper,iron, and zinc
A) organic
B) trace
C) inorganic
D) isotopic
E) isomeric
The type of inhibition, whereby a metabolic reaction is blocked by its products is called ________ inhibition
A) positive
B) feedback
C) negative
D) inactive
E) a+d are correct choices
Membrane proteins exhibit……………..permeability
A) negative
B) positive
C) neutral
D) effective
E) selective
.The particles reach ---------- when the concentration of particles is the same across the membrane
A) saturation
B) hydration
C) activation
D) equilibrium
E) polarization
…………………During osmosis water moves across membranes inside and outside of the cell in response to
A) pH concentration
B) buffer activity
C) solute concentration
D) passive diffusion
E) active condensation
indicates that the concentration of a solute is higher outside the cell ..………
A) Hypotonicity
B) isotonicity
C) Hypertonicity
D) Endotonicity
E) Exotonicity
Which of the following sentences concerning the substances which are necessary for the viability of the cell is
?correct
A) All of them diffuse freely across the cell membrane
B) They are all manufactured inside the cell
C) Many of them do not freely diffuse across the cell membrane
D) A few of them can pass to the cell while others cannot pass at all
E) The nonpenetrated essential substances can be replaced by others
?Which of the following statements regarding active transport is/ are true
.A) used to pump specific compounds in the cell only
.B) requires specific integral membrane proteins
.C) move substance across membrane against concentration gradient
.D) a an b only
.E) b and c only
Pinocytosis is the
.A) engulfment of fluids which are taken into small vesicles
B) export of a bulk of molecules across the membrane
C) transport of a group of ions packaged within a vesicle
D) interaction of receptors in a receptor-coated pit with a specific protein
E) engulfment of a particle by wrapping cell membrane around it
.Potential energy is _______ energy
A) moving
B) stored
C) static
D) electrical
E) mechanical
All organisms activities require energy obtained from molecules through ______ reactions of cellular respiration
A) endergenic
B) exogenic
C) exergenic
D) ectogenic
E) modified
.The reaction of ATP and --------- yields ADP, a phosphate group and energy
A) water
B) oxygen
C) hydrogen
D) ribose
E) CO2
:A catalyst is
.A) A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, but is consumed in the process
.B) A substance that slows down a chemical reaction, without being consumed in the process
.C) A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, without being consumed in the process
.D) A substance that slows down a chemical reaction, but is consumed in the process
E) None of the above
Each enzyme has an optimum temperature at which it works best; high temperature will
._____________enzymes
A) activate
B) neutralize
C) denature
D) inhibit
E) stimulate
The group of inhibitors which block substrates from entering the active site of the enzyme is called
A) feedback inhibitors
B) competitive inhibitors
C) blocking inhibitors
D) substrate inhibitors
E) site inhibitors
.The selective………...… of the plasma membrane is most probably due to hydrophobic interior
A) impermeability
B) permeability
C) transduction
D) inhibition
E) activation
:Diffusion is the tendency of molecules to move
.A) from a lower to a higher concentration
.B) down their concentration gradient
.C) into a cell by endocytosis
.D) out of a cell by exocytosis
.E) c an d
During ………. the two concentrations involved were separated by a selectively permeable membrane
A) diffusion
B) osmosis
C) active transport
D) facilitated transport
E) neutral transport
:In hypertonic Solution
.A) solute concentration in the solution is higher than in the cell
.B) more dissolved particles outside of cell than inside of cell
.C) water moves out of cell into solution
.D) cell shrinks
.E) all are true of hypertonic solution
The substances that pass through the tunnel membrane protein can be
A) ions or water
B) sugars or cholesterol
C) ions or cholesterol
D) fatty acids or sugars
E) amino acids or fatty acids
…………The movement of a solute through a membrane it requires the expenditure of energy in the form of
A) kinetic pressure
B) potential pressure
C) equal pressure
D) mild pressure
E) ATP
The import of fluids which is taken into small vesicles is named
A) phagocytosis
B) pinocytosis
C) exocytosis
D) diffusion
E) receptor-mediated endocytosis
Potential energy is the energy that an object possesses as a result of its
A) location
B) motion
C) weight
D) mass
E) gravity
A series of chemical reactions that either break down a complex molecule or build up a complex molecule is
named a
A) cellular respiration
B) metabolic pathway
C) photosynthesis
D) cellular support
E) cytoplasmic reactions
Transferring the third phosphate group from ATP molecule to some other organic molecule such as protein is
.called ______________, in the process, ATP energizes molecules
A) dehydration
B) reduction
C) phosphorylation
D) oxidation
E) sterilization
?What is the role of an enzyme in a reaction
A) Supplying energy to speed up the reaction
B) Lowering the energy of activation of the reaction
C) Lowering the delta-G of the reaction
D) Changing the equilibrium of a spontaneous reaction
E) Increasing the amount of free energy of a reaction
For every enzyme, there are conditions under which it is most effective, higher temperature can do all the
:following effects EXCEPT
A) Denature the enzyme
B) Altering the enzyme specific shape
C) Destroying the enzyme function
D) Produce the highest rate of contact between reactant and the enzyme active site
E) Do all the above
?Which of the following statements about enzyme competitive inhibitor is true
.A) it changes the enzyme tertiary structure
.B) it binds to the active site of the enzyme
.C) it binds irreversibly
.D) all of the above
.E) none of the above
Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids and __________, many phospholipids are made from
______________
.A) Nucleic acid ------------------ unsaturated fatty acids
.B) Carbohydrate ------------------ polysaccharide
C) Protein --------------------- saturated fatty acids that have kinks in their tails
.D) Carbohydrate -------------------- unsaturated fatty acids that have no kinks in their tails
.E) Protein ---------------------------– unsaturated fatty acids
?Which of the following statements regarding diffusion is false
.A) particles spread out evenly in an available space
.B) particles move from an area of less concentrated particles to an area where they are more concentrated
.C) particles diffuse down their concentration gradient
.D) eventually, the particles reach equilibrium where the concentration of particles is the same throughout
.E) none of the above is false
is the process by which water moves across membranes in response to solute concentration inside and …………
.outside of the cell
A) Active transport
B) Passive transport
C) Facilitated diffusion
D) Positive transport
E) Osmosis
...………… Many organisms maintain water balance within their cells, by a process called
A) osmolarity
B) osmoregulation
C) osmosis
D) isotonicity
E) flaccidity
The membrane protein with tunnel allow the passage of
A) all substances
B) lipid soluble substances
C) large sized molecules
D) specific substrates
E) water soluble substances
During active transport, a cell must expend energy to move a solute against its………. gradient
A) absolute
B) diffusing
C) concentration
D) accelerating
E) pressure
.phagocytosis or pinocytosis #_#
.A) endocytosis or exocytosis
.B) exocytosis or osmosis
C) passive or active transport
?D) Which of the following are types of endocytosis
.E) facilitated diffusion and bulk filtration
.Light is a _______ energy that can be captured to do work as powering photosynthesis in green plants
A) potential
B) static
C) kinetic
D) transformed
E) activated
.The cell does --------------- main types of cellular work
A) six
B) five
C) four
D) three
E) two
?Which of the following statements about the ATP molecule is true
.A) it contains two phosphate groups
.B) extremely stable bonds link the second and third phosphate groups
.C) it contains the six-carbon sugar hexose
.D) it contains a nitrogenous base molecule called adenine
.E) it can be coupled with an exergonic reaction
.________________ The cell uses catalysis to increase the rate of biological reactions, catalysis is accomplished by
A) vitamins
B) minerals
C) ATP
D) oxygen
E) enzymes
An enzyme has a unique three -dimensional shape that determines which chemical reaction an enzyme
__________
A) targeted
B) transforms
C) inhibited
D) catalyzes
E) inactivated
?How inhibitors interfere with substrate binding
A) By blocking the active site of the enzyme
B) By enclosing the substrate to prevent its binding
C) By holding the enzyme to hide it from binding
D) By decreasing the enzyme activities
E) By fragmenting the substrate before binding
.Cholesterol keeps the cell membrane ---------- at low temperature
A) liquid
B) thick
C) thin
D) solid
E) inactive
In humans lungs diffuse down the ___________ make oxygen enters blood cells and carbon dioxide passes
…outside of their
A) active transport
B) concentration gradient
C) selective permeability
D) selective impermeability
E) dynamic equilibrium
Osmosis, is the …………………of water across a membrane
A) negative transport
B) active transport
C) diffusion
D) facilitated transport
E) equal transport
The ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water is called
A) osmosis
B) tonicity
C) permeability
D) passive diffusion
E) active diffusion
The necessary substances for the viability of the cell that do not freely diffuse across the membrane are assisted
to cross the membrane by a protein named
A) glycoprotein
B) aquaporins
C) antigen
D) collagen
E) integrin
Which of the following processes could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is
?more concentrated in the cell than in the surroundings
A) active transport
B) facilitated diffusion
C) diffusion
D) osmosis
.E) passive transport
.______ Amoeba (Single cell animal) using false feet can take in food particles through
A) pinocytosis
B) phagocytosis
C) endoplasmosis
D) receptor-mediated endocytosis
E) endoplasmolysis
The potential energy can be described as a/an
A) mobile energy
B) visible energy
C) kinetic energy
D) active energy
E) stored energy
An example of the chemical work is
A) driving endergonic reactions
B) pumping substances across membranes
C) beating of the cilia or flagella
D) the formation genetic material
E) the support of the cell structures
During phosphorylation process ATP ___________ molecules
A) Transforms
B) energizes
C) modifies
D) inactivates
E) inhibits
is always accomplished by enzymes ______________
A) Dehydration
B) Phosphorylation
C) Catalysis
D) Modification
E) Lubrication
An enzyme has a unique three -dimensional shape that determines which chemical reaction an enzyme
__________
A) targeted
B) transforms
C) inhibited
D) catalyzes
E) inactivated
The type of inhibition, whereby a metabolic reaction is blocked by its products is called ________ inhibition
A) positive
B) feedback
C) negative
D) inactive
E) a+d are correct choices
.The integrins of the plasma membrane are connected to the microtubules of the……….…. inside the cell
A) cytoplasm
B) cytoskeleton
C) DNA
D) RNA
E) endomembrane system
:Diffusion is the tendency of molecules to move
.A) from a lower to a higher concentration
B) down their concentration gradient
.C) into a cell by endocytosis
.D) out of a cell by exocytosis
.E) c an d
What happen if you have a U-shaped tube with a permeable membrane placed in between the two limbs of the
?tube, and the concentration of the solute in the left side is equal to that in the right side
A) The water level will rise in the left tube than in the right one
B) The water level will be lower in the left tube than in the right one
C) The water level remains equal in both limbs
D) The solute will rise in the left limb than in the right limb
E) The solute will be lower in the left limb than in the right limb
.Animal cell if placed in_ _ _ _ solution, will bursts
.A) hypertonic
.B) hypotonic
.C) isotonic
.D) sea water
.E) non of these
.Substances that use facilitated diffusion for crossing a cell membrane may include
A) ions
B) water
C) sugar
D) amino acids
E) all of the above choices are correct
In active transport, a solute is moved across a membrane toward the side where the solute is……….
concentrated
A) dilutely
B) partially
C) equally
D) less
E) more
Polysaccharides are exported outside the cell by
A) active transport
B) passive transport
C) facilitated diffusion
D) exocytosis
E) osmosis
Maintenance of the cell results from
A) movement of the cell
B) chemical reactions within the cell
C) physical properties of the cell
D) communications between cells
E) support provided by the cytoskeleton
Photosynthesis in plants, starts with energy-poor ( 𝑪𝑶 𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑯 𝟐 𝑶) using _____ energy to produce rich.energy sugar molecules
A) kinetic
B) sunlight
C) potential
D) transformational
E) mechanical
The energy currency of the living cell is
A) adenosine diphosphate
B) adenine diphosphate
C) adenine tetraphosphate
D) adenosine triphosphate
E) adoline diphosphate
.________________ The cell uses catalysis to increase the rate of biological reactions, catalysis is accomplished by
A) vitamins
B) minerals
C) ATP
D) oxygen
E) enzymes
____________ A specific reactant an enzyme acts on is called the enzymes
A) molecule
B) substrate
C) base
D) store
E) activator
____________ Noncompetitive inhibitors
.A) change the enzyme shape and make their active site inoperable
.B) lower enzyme activation energy
.C) bind to the enzyme proposed substrate
.D) denature the enzyme proposed substrate
.E) destroy the enzyme active sites
:The cholesterol associated with animal cell membranes
.A) is attached to membrane proteins and extends into the watery environment surrounding the cell
.B) helps to stabilize the cell membrane at body temperature
.C) makes the cell membrane fluid at room temperature
.D) is an abnormality resulting from a diet high in carbohydrates
.E) helps solidify the membranes when the room temperature is below freezing
_____________One common example of active transport is
.A) the diffusion of glucose across a membrane
.B) the sodium-potassium pump
.C) osmosis
.D) plasmolysis
.E) none of the above
:In osmosis
A) water moves from solution with lower concentration of solutes to solution with higher concentration of
.solutes
.B) water moves from dilute solution to concentrated solution
.C) osmotic potential is the total of all dissolved particles
.D) all of the above are true
.E) only a and c are correct of osmosis
.Many…………animals like sea stars and crabs are isotonic to sea water
A) invertebrate
B) vertebrate
C) marine
D) cold blooded
E) warm blooded
.…………Aquaporins are water channel
A) carbohydrates
B) solutes
C) lipids
D) polymers
E) proteins
?Which of the following statements regarding active transport is false
.A) used to pump specific compounds only out of the cell
.B) requires specific integral membrane proteins
.C) move substance across membrane aganist concentration gradient
.D) move substance from low to high concentrations
.E) requires energy to overcome the concentration and electrochemical gradient
Towards the end of exocytosis, the vesicles contents spills out of the cell while the vesicles membrane becomes
.-__________ part of the
A) cytoplasmic contents
B) soluble contents
C) plasma membrane
D) endoplasmic reticulum
E) intercellular substances
The potential energy can be described as a/an
A) mobile energy
B) visible energy
C) kinetic energy
D) active energy
E) stored energy
______ATP molecules are the key to energy
A) forming
B) breaking
C) coupling
D) sorting
E) dissipating
hydrolysis of ATP is an _______ reaction, it releases energy
A) endergenic
B) ectogenic
C) exogenic
D) exergenic
E) progenic
________ Any enzyme has a particular target molecule called the
A) receptor
B) inhibitor
C) mediator
D) substrate
E) inactivator
Human enzymes function best at a temperature of
A) 30ºC
B) 35ºC
C) 37ºC
D) 39ºC
E) 40ºC
____________ Noncompetitive inhibitors
.A) change the enzyme shape and make their active site inoperable
.B) lower enzyme activation energy
.C) bind to the enzyme proposed substrate
.D) denature the enzyme proposed substrate
.E) destroy the enzyme active sites
?Which of the following statements regarding membrane protein function is false
.A) membrane proteins serve as enzymes
.B) membrane proteins act as receptors to molecules like hormones
.C) membrane proteins provide cellular identification tags
.D) membrane proteins form junctions between cells
.E) membrane proteins transfer genetic information to the cytoplasm
………Diffusion process means that particles diffuse mainly down their
A) Active transport
B) Concentration gradient
C) Gravity
D) Molecular content
E) Active gradient
What happen if you have a U shaped tube with a permeable membrane placed in between the two limbs of the
?tube, and the concentration of the solute in the left side is more than that in the right side
A) The water level remains equal in both limbs
B) The solute will rise in the left limb than in the right limb
C) The solute will be lower in the left limb than in the right limb
D) The water level will rise in the left tube than in the right one
E) The water level will be lower in the left tube than in the right one
In case of a hypertonic solution, the plant cell will be
A) shriveled
B) normal
C) lysed
D) turgid
E) flaccid
The membrane protein with tunnel allow the passage of
A) all substances
B) lipid soluble substances
C) large sized molecules
D) specific substrates
E) water soluble substances
In active transport, a solute is moved across a membrane toward the side where the solute is……….
concentrated
A) dilutely
B) partially
C) equally
D) less
E) more
.There are ______ types of endocytosis
A) 2
B) 4
C) 3
D) 5
E) 4
When your car parks at the top of an uphill street your car has a
A) kinetic energy
B) converted energy
C) potential energy
D) visible energy
E) mobile energy
Photosynthesis is an___________ process
A) exogenic
B) endergenic
C) ectogenic
D) exergenic
E) endogenic
?Which of the following statements about the ATP molecule is true
.A) it contains two phosphate groups
.B) extremely stable bonds link the second and third phosphate groups
.C) it contains the six-carbon sugar hexose
.D) it contains a nitrogenous base molecule called adenine
.E) it can be coupled with an exergonic reaction
________ Any enzyme has a particular target molecule called the
A) receptor
B) inhibitor
C) mediator
D) substrate
E) inactivator
Temperature is very important, and optimally, human enzymes function best at
A) 37º F
B) 37ºC
C) 34 ºC
D) 42 ºC
E) None of the above
Enzyme inhibitors are important in regulating cell
A) binding
B) support
C) movement
D) shaping
E) metabolism
Elaf Al-Zarnougi ^_^