Offsetting Carbon Emissions through
Community-based Conservation
Forests - Biodiversity - Community
Tanzania
Marc Baker
Co-ordinator - Carbon Tanzania
NORTH
Rift Valley
Lake Victoria
Serengeti
Kilimanjaro
Arusha
Forest Cover
Forest Reserves
33 million hectares of montane, lowland and coastal forest of which
half is in ‘formally’ protected in forest reserves
Arkaria - Monduli
Pastoralist Maasai
Juniperus - Podocarpus Montane
Forest
12t/CO2/ha
230 species bird of 31% Forest
Dependant
Rates of growth
Miombo 2 tCO2e / ha
Lowland Forests 24 t /CO2/ ha
Distribution of forest birds in Tanzania
Miombo
The current situation in Tanzania...
Deforestation c. 90,000
hectares a year mainly
‘unprotected’ forest
Open access
exploitation
Formally
c.33 million
Protected
hectares
NO REAL WORLD VALUE
...however, Tanzania is very
suitable for community based
forestry...
create
by-laws
create and manage
land use systems
Village councils are
corporate bodies
create legal
contracts to
engage with
companies
Village Forest
Reserves
can create
by-laws
Arkaria pilot project - Monduli District
Village area: 9188ha
2000 residents (Ilkisongo Maasai)
Forest area: 900ha
Carbon potential: 10,800 tCO2e / year
Arkaria - making carbon offset about
more than carbon
REGENERATION
OF LARGER BIODIVERSITY
ECOSYSTEM
REDUCED EMISSIONS
WATER
CATCHMENT FROM DEFORESTATION
AND DEGRADATION
Useful tree
species
Carbon sequestration
COMMUNITY
INCOME
MODEL OF
CHARISMATIC
CARBON
WATER
SECURITY
TOURISM
Additionality - Carbon baseline
tons CO2e
24 tCO2e - 30 tCO2e
= 6 tCO2e
Year
Baselin
e
increase
CO2
Sell the
increase
Charismatic Carbon = Corporate Responsibility
Companies and (tourism agents)
Offset flights
West USA - T - West USA = 3.5 tons = 35usd
Externally - Online payments
Internally - Contracting
Offset Company Operations
Offset Safari days
Offset transport
Carbon Tanzania contracts
with individuals and the
community at Arkaria
Use the Carbon Tanzania logo in your
marketing as a responsible company
Annual carbon
audits and return
data to companies
Pay the community to protect
existing forest (REDD)
Rehabilitates habitat through
accelerated natural
regeneration (ANR)
Supports the production of
alternative fuels to mitigate
charcoal production and
reduce leakage
Monitoring
Carbon
Biodiversity
Community
Clients can visit the project site as part
of a safari, to learn about forestry and
look at how tourism philanthropy works
in pastoral communities
Marketing Carbon - who buys and why?
Carbon Tanzania’s focus is to fund communities to protect and
rehabilitate natural forest so we sell..
Tourism companies want
a competitive edge
labelled and identified as
an ‘ecotourism’ operator
International
agents may need
meet customer
requirements
International
company may
need to meet
internal
environmental
policies
Where is the voluntary carbon market in Tanzania?
A local company
may be required
to become carbon
‘neutral’ as part of
an association
Conferences
Schools want to
use the process
for education
and marketing
who we are
what we do
what you get
Your product dictates the offset
you choose.. Carbon friendly or
carbon neutral!!
Offset all school transport and
teachers flights for 2009
Dragon award program
Community
Environment
Offset all safari days for 2009
Geography Department
First carbon neutral mountain
company
57.71tCO2e
Enhanced environmental
profile
Include site visit in itinerary
59.70tCO2e
Current carbon sales
Offset all safari days for 2009
Created a specific calculator
for conferences in Tanzania
Offset tourism philanthropy
conference
84.39tCO2e
Offset all client flights for 2009
Enhanced environmental
profile
Include site visit in itinerary
50.60tCO2e
452.49tCO2e
Challenges and next steps
Making the project visible
Moving into the markets
Training
CCB + VCS
Greater interaction with government
agencies
Tourism supply / demand
Importance of site selection, and
why Tanzania is so suitable for community
based forestry.
Project development
Additionality
Carbon / watershed / biodiversity
Certification and the voluntary market
Text
Long - tailed Fiscal Shrike
Bare - eyed Thrush - c. 1991 - 2007
C.1980 Britton et al.
al.
December 2007 Baker et
Expansion of numbers and range over 20 years!
Do the birds know something we don’t??
Thank you.