WINGNUT
PHOTOGRAPHY
ADVANCED DIGITAL PHOTO
PROCESSING
Photography Instruction & Editing Manual | © 2012 Wingnut Photography
Wingnut Photography
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Advanced Digital Photo Processing
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 5
Chapter 1: Star-trail Photography ..................................................................................... 7
Chapter 2: Levitation Photography................................................................................. 14
Chapter 3: Digital Infrared (IR) Photography ................................................................ 20
Chapter 4: High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) Photography ................................................. 30
Chapter 5: Panoramic Photography ................................................................................ 38
Chapter 6: Enhance Photos ............................................................................................. 46
Index ................................................................................................................................. 54
Table of Contents
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Advanced Digital Photo Processing
Introduction
Introduction
This document is for advanced-amateur and professional photographers who want to
learn new or unusual photography and editing techniques. We expect that our readers are
familiar with DSLR cameras and lens filters, and photo-editing software such as
Photoshop (version CS3 Extended and greater) and Lightroom 2 or greater. This
document covers several different photography techniques including:

Star Trails.

Levitation.

Digital Infrared (IR).

High-Dynamic-Range (HDR).

Panoramic.

Photo Enhancement.
We hope this document helps our readers begin to develop advanced skills in one or more
of these topics. Moreover, we hope that this learning experience sparks a new interest and
inspires our readers to learn more about photography techniques not covered in this
document.
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Chapter 1
Star-trail Photography
Chapter 1: Star-trail Photography
Overview
Chapter 1
Star-trail photography is the art of capturing the movement of stars in the sky as Earth
rotates. Capturing the night sky is a technique that takes patience and practice. Instead of
capturing one long exposure, we recommend you capture many short exposures and
combine them afterward to create the continuous “trails” of stars moving in the night sky.
Compared to one long exposure, many short exposures retain more contrast and have less
noise.
For video tutorial:
1. Navigate to http://www.youtube.com/user/bonniekirkpatrick/.
2. Select Stacking for Star Trails in Photoshop CS5 Extended.
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Sample Photos
Before and After
Figure 1: Before (left) and after (right) editing
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Advanced Digital Photo Processing
Chapter 1
Star-trail Photography
Equipment
Item
Example
DSLR
Tripod
Wide-angle lens
(10-20mm or 11-16mm
recommended)
Interval timer cable release
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Small sand bag or equivalent
Compass
Headlamp
Camera Settings
Setting
Noise Reduction
Mode Dial
White Balance
ISO
Aperture
Focus
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Specification
OFF
B (bulb)
Daylight
100
f/4 or greater
Manual
Note
Interval Timer
Focus to Infinity
Chapter 1
Star-trail Photography
Settings vary based on available light. Take test shots and make adjustments. To avoid
noise and hot pixels in the images, do not use an ISO setting greater than 200.
If the test photo is overexposed, adjust the aperture. If the photo is underexposed, use a
longer shutter speed. If you need a shutter speed longer than 30 seconds, use an interval
timer to do your test shots.
If not enough ambient light is available, the foreground subjects are too dark. Generally,
you cannot capture foreground subjects if the night is so dark that you have to set your
camera to:

Maximum aperture.

ISO greater than 200.

Shutter speed greater than two minutes.
If you cannot capture foreground subjects, try again when the moon is brighter or you
have artificial lighting. Remember, artificial lighting often cannot produce a natural look.
Tips
Windy Weather

Hang a heavy object (such as a sand bag) from the center column of your
tripod to keep it stable.

Do not leave the camera unattended.

Remember that foreground subjects such as trees sway in the wind and appear
blurry in long exposures.
Headlamp
A headlamp frees your hands. Use a headlamp with red LEDs. The red reflected light
does not constrict your pupils as much as white light, which makes composing a photo in
the dark much easier.
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Take Star-trail Photos
To configure your interval timer, see its manual. Generally, the four settings are:

Delay time for the shutter to open.

Number of seconds the shutter is open.

Time between exposures.

Number of exposures.
1. Plug the interval timer into the camera and set it to:

Delay: At least two seconds to avoid camera shake.

Bulb: The shutter speed you select.

Interval: Two seconds.*

Number: The number of exposures you shoot (A minimum of 20 minutes
produces trails. A minimum of 30 minutes produces curves).
* Two seconds ensures the camera enough time to record the image to
the memory card. Setting a longer interval creates gaps in the trails.
2. Push Start.
Edit Star-Trail Photos
The final step is combining, or stacking, the exposures. If you do not own an “Extended”
version of Adobe Photoshop, alternative programs are available at little-to-no cost. They
achieve similar results. A few software titles are:

DeepSkyStacker.

RegiStax.

Iris.

StarTrails.
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Chapter 1
Star-trail Photography
Stacking Software
1. Select the software.
2. Search for the title online.
3. Download and install the software.
4. If you need help, see the program’s documentation.
Adobe Photoshop CS5 Extended
1. Open Photoshop.
2. From the menu bar, click File > Scripts > Statistics.
3. In the Image Statistics dialog box, set Choose Stack Mode to Maximum
(Figure 2).
Figure 2: Use this dialog box to select files for stacking.
4. Set Use to Files.
5. Click Browse..., select the images to stack, and click OK.
6. Ensure Attempt to Automatically Align Source Images is unchecked.
7. Click OK.
8. From the menu bar, click Layer > Flatten Image.
9. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
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Chapter 2: Levitation Photography
Overview
Chapter 2
Levitation photography uses a post-processing technique to create the illusion that a
person or object is floating in the air. The best photos are often surprising and inventive.
We show you how to create a simple two-exposure levitation photo by merging two or
more exposures, creating a layer mask, and erasing the supporting object (such as a chair)
from below the main subject.
For video tutorial:
1. Navigate to http://www.youtube.com/user/bonniekirkpatrick/.
2. Select Levitation Photography Editing in Photoshop CS5 Extended.
Sample Photos
Before and After
Figure 3: Before – Two original photos before merging and editing.
Figure 4: After the merging and editing.
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Chapter 2
Levitation Photography
Equipment
Item
Example
DSLR
Tripod
Chair, stool, or other object that holds
the subject’s weight
Camera Settings
Use manual exposure settings. Manual settings ensure similar light in each exposure. Use
manual focus as well.
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Tips
Uniformity
Avoid changing or disturbing background objects between the first and the second
photos. Each photo must have identical backgrounds. Using a tripod ensures the
background is the same for both exposures and eliminates camera shake.
Use ambient light when possible. Using a flash can produce high-contrast shadows that
are difficult to work with when editing the photos.
Take Levitation Photos
1. Find an open, well-lit area.
2. Set up the tripod and camera.
3. Position a removable support object, such as a stool, within the composition.
4. Place the subject you have chosen to ‘levitate’ on the support object.
5. Compose the shot and adjust the camera settings.
6. Take the first photo.
7. Move the subject and the support object out of the frame.
8. Take the second photo to capture the plain background.
Edit Levitation Photos
To create the illusion of levitation, use Photoshop to merge and mask portions of image
layers. Use your own files or use our sample files to experiment and learn this technique.
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Chapter 2
Levitation Photography
Adobe Photoshop CS5 Extended
1. Open the files in Photshop.
2. From the menu bar, click Window > Arrange > Tile to see both photos at once.
3. Click the photo with your subject in it to activate it.
4. Click the Move Tool from the Tools palette (on the left side) and place the
pointer over the photo with your subject in it.
5. While pressing Shift, drag and drop the subject photo onto the empty/background
photo. Close the first (subject) photo.
6. From the menu bar, click Layer > Layer Mask > Reveal All (Figure 5).
Figure 5: Reveal all layers to work with more than one layer at once.
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7. In the Tools palette:
a. Click the Brush Tool.
b. Click Set foreground color.
c. In the Color Picker (Foreground Color) dialog window, type 000000
into the “#” textbox to pick black and click OK (Figure 6).
Figure 6: Enter a hexadecimal code to pick an exact color.
d. Click Set background color.
e. In the Color Picker (Background Color) dialog window, type ffffff into
the “#” textbox to pick white and click OK.
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Chapter 2
Levitation Photography
8. Zoom in (press Ctrl+Space+Click) and use the Brush Tool to ‘erase’ the stool or
chair.
a. If necessary, use the Options toolbar (just below the menu bar) or rightclick anywhere on the image to configure the Brush Tool (Figure 7).
Figure 7: Configure the Brush Tool to suit your needs.
b. To correct mistakes, press X to toggle back and forth between painting
and erasing the Layer 1 image (Figure 8).
Figure 8: Use the Brush Tool to ‘erase' or 'paint' Layer 1.
9. From the menu bar, click Layer > Flatten Image.
10. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
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Chapter 3: Digital Infrared (IR)
Photography
Overview
Chapter 3
Infrared (IR) photography is a technique that uses a filter to capture a specific spectrum
of light, leaving the photo abnormal in color. Because IR photography captures infrared
light, full sun is required and ample green foliage is most desirable to get the best effects.
The main advantage of IR photography is that once the sun is up overhead, you do not
have to pack up and go home because of the harsh light contrasts—you can take IR
photos instead.
A short explanation: http://www.infraredphoto.eu/Site/GentleIntro1.html
More detailed, technical information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_photography
You can take digital IR photos using one of two methods:

Use an IR filter on the lens.

Use an IR filter on the sensor (inside the camera).
Note: These methods are very different and both have various advantages and
disadvantages. We therefore divide our explanation into two sections.
For video tutorial:
1. Navigate to http://www.youtube.com/user/bonniekirkpatrick/.
2. Select Editing Infrared Photos with a DNG Profile Editor, Lightroom, and
Photoshop.
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Chapter 3
Digital Infrared (IR) Photography
Sample Photos
Before and After
Figure 9: Before (left) editing and after (right) editing.
IR Filter over the Lens
A screw-on IR filter placed over the lens is the least costly method, but most difficult.
The lens filter method requires taking a very long exposure because the IR filter is very
dark.
Advantages

No need to buy a separate camera.

Lower cost.
Disadvantages

Some newer cameras do not capture enough infrared light because of
advanced filtering (see http://dpfwiw.com/ir.htm for details).

You must buy and use an IR filter, such as the Hoya R72 (see
http://jpgmag.com/stories/71 for details).

Long exposures (of at least 30 seconds) are required because the lens filter is
so dark. The long exposure time causes blurring of objects that move.

Some lenses cause a “hot spot,” a bright spot in the middle of the photos (see
http://photonius.wikispaces.com/hotspot+lenses for details).

You must use a tripod at all times.
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Equipment
Item
DSLR
Tripod
Hoya R72 or similar filter
Interval timer cable release
(Required if your camera is only
capable of a 30-second shutter speed)
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Example
Chapter 3
Digital Infrared (IR) Photography
Camera Settings
Note: The settings vary based on the amount of available light, but IR requires full sun.
Therefore, use similar settings. Because the filter is so dark, you need as much light as
possible. Start with these settings and adjust as needed.
Setting
Specification
Note
ISO
400
Aperture
>4.0
Select largest aperture setting
Shutter Speed >20 seconds Experiment to find the right one
Tips
Focus
Because IR filters are so dark, you cannot see your composition through the viewfinder.
Before you put the filter on the lens, compose the shot and focus manually. Then
carefully screw on the filter.
Hot Spots
To lessen the chance of a hot spot in the middle of your photo, use a wide-open aperture
such as f/2.8.
IR Filter over the Sensor
Using an IR filter over the camera sensor requires fully converting your camera.
Conversion is the easiest way to take IR photos. After conversion, the camera can only
take IR photos. Therefore, start by converting an old, used camera as a low-cost solution.
A company called LifePixel offers a service that converts your DSLR into a permanently
dedicated IR camera. Pay LifePixel online, ship the camera to them, and they convert it
and ship it back to you.
Advantages

No concerns regarding getting enough light.

No need to use a screw-on filter.

No long exposures are required.

No tripod is required.

No hot spots.
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Disadvantages

The camera is only able to take IR photos.

You can only convert some types of cameras (see http://shop.lifepixel.com/1Convert-your-digital-camera-to-infrared-IR-only-c2/ for details).

IR conversion is permanent and the camera can no longer take regular photos.

IR conversion is costly (see http://www.lifepixel.com/ for details).
Equipment
You only need your converted camera and its lens. You do not need a tripod unless you
want to take a long exposure of running water.
Camera Settings
Use any settings you wish, just like a regular camera. The IR filter over the sensor
eliminates the need for a long exposure.
Tips
Highlights
Blown-out highlights are a problem with IR photography because you are shooting in full
sun. Slightly underexpose the photos. During post-processing, bringing out details in dark
areas is easier than toning down blown-out highlights.
Composition
Composition with IR is difficult. Take photos of well-manicured landscapes such as
public parks. Ivy and old buildings are also good subjects for IR.
Edit Infrared Photos
This section describes how to edit infrared photos of both kinds, whether you used a filter
over the lens or a converted camera. The output is the same for both techniques.
Out of the camera, the infrared photos have a rich red hue. Editing is challenging, and
requires a major white balance adjustment. This section explains how to do that.
Because you are using a DNG profile editor, the photos must be in the DNG file format.
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Chapter 3
Digital Infrared (IR) Photography
Required Software

Adobe Photoshop.

Adobe Lightroom.

DNG Profile Editor from Adobe Labs.
Get the DNG Profile Editor: http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/DNG_Profiles.
Download and run the executable.
DNG Profile Editor
1. Open the DNG Profile Editor.
2. Open the infrared photo (it must be DNG file format).
3. Leave the Color Table at 6500K > click on the Color Matrices tab.
4. In the White Balance Calibrator section, move the Temperature Slider to -100
(Figure 10).
Figure 10: Move the Temperature Slider to -100 to cool color temperature.
5. From the menu bar, click File > Export [your camera model] Profile. Name the
profile and save it. You must save it in this filepath:
C:\ProgramData\Adobe\CameraRaw\CameraProfiles\Camera\
[your camera model]
6. If Lightroom is running, restart it.
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Lightroom 3
1. Open Lightroom and import the IR photo you want to edit.
2. Select the IR photo by clicking on it, and go to the Develop mode.
3. Under Camera Calibration, select the DNG profile you just saved (Figure 11).
Figure 11: Select the DNG profile you just made (camera model will be yours).
4. Right-click on the photo, and click Edit In > Edit in Adobe Photoshop CS5.
Photoshop opens with your photo in it.
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Chapter 3
Digital Infrared (IR) Photography
Adobe Photoshop CS5 Extended
1. From the menu bar, click Image > Adjustments > Channel Mixer.
2. In the Channel Mixer:
a. Ensure Output Channel is set to Red. Set the Red Slider to 0% and the Blue
Slider to 100% (Figure 12, left).
b. Change Output Channel to Blue. Set the Red Slider to 100% and the Blue
Slider to 0% and click OK (Figure 12, right).
Figure 12: “Channel Swapping”
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3. From the menu bar, click Image > Adjustments > Hue/Saturation.
a. In the second drop-down list, select Yellows (Figure 13).
Figure 13: Select Yellows from the drop-down list.
b. Click on the left eyedropper icon (if not already selected) and click on an
object in the photo such as tree foliage.
c. Adjust the sliders to your liking.
4. Repeat steps a-c for the sky. Experiment with the settings to get a look you enjoy.
5. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
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Chapter 3
Digital Infrared (IR) Photography
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Chapter 4: High-Dynamic-Range (HDR)
Photography
Overview
Chapter 4
High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) is a technique that makes shadows in a photo look brighter
while toning down highlights. The sensor in a digital camera cannot capture light the way
a human’s eyes see it. In situations of high contrast (such as a sunrise), the camera
exposes for either the bright or the dark areas. It cannot do both.
If you forget your graduated neutral density filters, using a filter is not feasible, or if you
just want to get creative—HDR is for you. How far you take the editing is up to you.
Some photographers like to keep it looking natural, while others make it look
unbelievable and surreal.
More technical, detailed information:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging
HDR requires at least three photos of varying shutter speeds. Three to five is ideal. When
you have your photos, you can begin the editing process. A variety of applications is
available for HDR editing, but the most favored one among photographers is Photomatix
Pro. The tutorial in this manual is for Photomatix Pro 4.
Get Photomatix Pro: http://www.hdrsoft.com/download.html
For video tutorial:
1. Navigate to http://www.youtube.com/user/bonniekirkpatrick/.
2. Select Merging Photos for HDR in Photomatix Pro 4.
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Chapter 4
High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) Photography
Sample Photos
Before and After
Figure 14: Before compositing and editing.
Figure 15: After compositing and editing.
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Equipment
Item
DSLR
Tripod
Mirror lock-up (optional)
Remote (optional)
Cable release (optional)
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Example
Chapter 4
High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) Photography
Camera Settings
Setting
Mode
Focus
Specification
Manual
Manual
Camera settings vary with available light. Use manual mode and manual focus to avoid
inconsistencies. You are merging them in Photomatix. Therefore, settings must be
identical except for shutter speed.
To avoid camera shake, use the mirror lock-up, a remote, or cable release.
Tips
Auto-Bracketing
To make shooting the same photo with different exposures easier, use the auto-bracketing
feature on your camera. Auto-bracketing makes your camera take a series of photos with
varying shutter speeds when you push the shutter button. See your camera’s manual to
learn how to turn auto-bracketing on. Most cameras let you adjust the number of photos
they take and the number of f-stops between exposures. Most photographers auto-bracket
three to five photos between one and two stops apart.
Take HDR Photos
1. Set up the tripod and camera.
2. Compose your shot and adjust the camera settings.
3. Turn on auto-bracketing and adjust those settings.
4. Press the shutter button (or use a remote). Take care not to bump the camera.
5. Review the photos to make sure you have the same one in different exposures.
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Edit HDR Photos
1. Open Photomatix Pro.
2. In the Workflow Shortcuts window, click Load Bracketed Photos.
The Loading Bracketed Photos window opens (Figure 16).
Figure 16: Use this dialog box to select files.
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Chapter 4
High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) Photography
3. Click Browse… > open photos you want to merge > click OK.
The Preprocessing Options window opens (Figure 17).
4. Select the options you want (none are mandatory).
5. Click OK.
Figure 17: Check boxes and select radio buttons for processing options.
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The photos merge and the Histogram window opens. Close the Histogram window.
The Adjustment, Preview, and Preset Thumbnails windows open (Figure 18).
Figure 18: Use the sliders to adjust settings.
6. Experiment by using the preset thumbnails or with manual settings. To adjust
settings manually, click the Tone Mapping radio button in the top left corner and
adjust the sliders.
7. Click the Process button.
8. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
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Chapter 4
High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) Photography
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Chapter 5: Panoramic Photography
Overview
Chapter 5
Panoramic photography is a technique that makes photos with a wide or tall range of
view.
Composite panoramic photos have advantages:

Substitutes for a wide angle lens.

Creates a wider or taller range of view.

Creates a higher resolution.
More detailed information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panoramic_photography
For video tutorial:
1. Navigate to http://www.youtube.com/user/bonniekirkpatrick/.
2. Select Stitching Photos Together for a Panoramic in Photoshop CS5.
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Chapter 5
Panoramic Photography
Sample photos
Before and After
Figure 19: Before – Several vertical photos before stitching.
Figure 20: After – Finished panorama photo after stitching.
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Equipment
Item
Example
DSLR
Tripod
Camera Settings
Setting
Specification
Mode
Manual
Focus
Manual and consistent across all photos
Exposure
Consistent across all photos
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Chapter 5
Panoramic Photography
Tips
Composition
Because you crop the photo in post-process, ensure a full view of the scene by taking
more than one row of photos.
For more precise movement, use a pan-and-tilt tripod head.
Take Panoramic Photos
1. Set up the tripod and camera.
2. Compose your first shot and adjust the camera settings.
3. Take the first photo on one end and move your way to the other end, overlapping
photos by at least 30%.
4. If you want a larger view, point the camera up or down and take another row.
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Edit Panoramic Photos
Adobe Photoshop CS5 Extended
1. Open Photoshop.
2. From the menu bar, click File > Automate > Photomerge.
The Photomerge window opens (Figure 21).
3. Under Layout, click the Auto radio button.
4. Under Source Files, select Use: Files > check Blend Images Together.
5. Click Browse… > open photos you want to stitch together > click OK.
Figure 21: Use this dialog box to select files and stitching settings.
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Chapter 5
Panoramic Photography
After the photos stitch together, the panoramic photo appears for further editing
(Figure 22).
6. From the menu bar, click Layer > Flatten Image.
Figure 22: This window shows the photo and its layers after stitching.
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7. Use the Crop Tool to crop out any white space around the edges of the photo
(Figure 23).
8. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
Figure 23: This window shows the area you choose to crop.
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Chapter 5
Panoramic Photography
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Chapter 6: Enhance Photos
Overview
Chapter 6
Use digital editing techniques to:

Adjust light.

Adjust exposure.

Eliminate blemishes.

Eliminate distracting background elements.

Focus on a particular area.
Use these techniques to enhance photos you have already taken, such as the ones you
have learned to do in this manual.
For video tutorial:
1. Navigate to http://www.youtube.com/user/bonniekirkpatrick/.
2. Select Basic Photo Editing Techniques Using Photoshop CS5.
Sample Photos
Before and After
Figure 24: Before editing (left) and after editing (right).
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Chapter 6
Enhance Photos
Edit Photos in Photoshop
Clone
1. Open Photoshop and the photo you want to edit.
2. Zoom in (press Ctrl+Space+Click).
3. Click the Clone Stamp Tool in the toolbar on the left side of the window.
4. To adjust brush size, right-click on the photo.
5. Hold Alt and click next to the object you want to remove.
6. Click on the object you want to remove; that replaces it with what you clicked on
in step 4.
This technique takes practice. To undo a step, press Ctrl + Alt + Z or Edit > Step
backward.
7. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
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Highlights and Shadows
1. From the menu bar, click Image > Adjustments > Shadows/Highlights.
2. Check Show More Options for more editing options (Figure 25).
3. Move the sliders to adjust as desired.
4. Click OK.
5. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
Figure 25: Move the sliders to adjust shadows and highlights.
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Chapter 6
Enhance Photos
Contrast
1. From the menu bar, click Image > Adjustments > Brightness/Contrast.
2. Move the sliders to adjust as desired (Figure 26).
3. Click OK.
4. Save the image in the file format you prefer
Figure 26: Move the sliders to adjust brightness and contrast.
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Sharpen
1. From the menu bar, click Filter > Sharpen > Unsharp Mask.
2. Settings; Threshold: 3 levels; Radius: 3 pixels; Amount: Adjust as desired
(Figure 27).
3. Another option: To sharpen a certain area such as eyes, click the Lasso Tool and
draw around one area. Hold down Shift to draw around another area. Follow steps
1 and 2.
4. Press Ctrl + D to deselect the areas.
5. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
Figure 27: Move the sliders to adjust sharpness.
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Chapter 6
Enhance Photos
Selective Focus
1. Click the Quick Selection Tool and draw around the area you want in focus.
2. Click the Refine Edge button at the top, and adjust Feathering as desired (Figure
28).
3. Click OK.
Figure 28: Move the slider to adjust feathering.
4. Click the Channels palette and click the rectangular icon on the bottom, “Save
selection as channel.”
5. From the menu bar, click Layer > New > Layer from Background. Click OK.
6. From the menu bar, click Filter > Blur > Lens Blur.
The Lens Blur window opens for editing.
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7. In the Depth Map section, for Source, select the Alpha 1 layer.
8. Check the box next to Invert, and adjust Radius as desired (Figure 29).
Figure 29: Check the invert box and adjust radius by adjusting the slider.
9. Click OK and press Ctrl + D to deselect the area.
10. From the menu bar, click Layer > Flatten Image.
11. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
Add Vignetting
1. From the menu bar, click Layer > New > Layer > OK.
2. Click on the Elliptical Marquee Tool and set Feather between 50 and 80.
3. From the menu bar, click Select > Inverse.
4. Right-click in a corner of the photo and click Fill. Choose Color and use Black,
or #000000.
5. In the Layers palette and with the vignette layer selected, use the sliders to adjust
opacity.
6. Press Ctrl + D to deselect the area.
7. From the menu bar, click Layer > Flatten Image.
8. Save the image in the file format you prefer.
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Chapter 6
Enhance Photos
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Index
C
Camera Settings
high-dynamic-range (hdr), 32
infrared (converted camera),
23
infrared (screw-on lens
filter), 22
levitation, 14
panoramic, 39
star trails, 9
E
Editing Photos
clone tool, 46
contrast adjustments, 48
general enhancements, 46
high-dynamic-range (hdr), 33
highlights and shadows, 47
infrared, 23
levitation, 15
panoramic (stitching), 41
selective focus, 50
sharpening, 49
star trails, 11
vignetting, 51
Enhance Photos, 45–51
clone tool, 46
contrast adjustment, 48
examples, 45
highlights and shadows, 47
selective focus, 50
sharpening, 49
vignetting, 51
Equipment
high-dynamic-range, 31
infrared (converted camera),
23
infrared (screw-on lens
filter), 21
levitation, 14
panoramic, 39
star trails, 8
Examples
enhance photos, 45
high-dynamic-range (hdr), 30
infrared, 20
levitation, 13
panoramic, 38
star trails, 7
Page 54
F
Fix Photos. See Enhance Photos
H
High-Dynamic-Range (HDR), 29–
35
bracketing photos, 32
camera settings, 32
editing the photos, 33
equipment, 31
examples, 30
overview, 29
taking the photos, 32
tips, 32
I
Infrared, 19–27
blown-out highlights, 23
camera settings for
converted camera, 23
camera settings for lens filter
technique, 22
composition, 23
dng profile editor, 24
editing the photos (both
techniques), 23
equipment for converted
camera, 23
equipment for lens filter
technique, 21
examples, 20
filter over the sensor
(converted camera), 22
hot spots, 22
infrared camera conversion,
22
LifePixel, 22
lightroom, 25
overview, 19
photoshop, 26
screw-on lens filter, 20
software required for
editing, 24
L
Levitation, 13–18
camera settings, 14
editing the photos, 15
equipment, 14
examples, 13
overview, 13
taking the photos, 15
P
Panoramic, 37–43
camera settings, 39
composition, 40
editing the photos, 41
equipment, 39
examples, 38
overview, 37
stitching the photos, 41
taking the photos, 40
tips, 40
Post Processing. See Editing
Photos
Post-Process. See Editing Photos
S
Settings. See Camera Settings
Star Trails, 7–12
camera settings, 9
editing the photos, 11
equipment, 8
example, 7
overview, 7
photoshop cs5 extended, 12
shooting in the dark, 10
software, 12
stacking the photos, 12
taking the photos, 11
tips, 10
weather, 10
T
Tips
high-dynamic-range (hdr), 32
infrared (converted camera),
23
infrared (screw-on lens
filter), 22
levitation, 15
panoramic, 40
star trails, 10