European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
Regional cooperation
in PRA
Muriel SUFFERT
EPPO Secretariat
www.eppo.org
International Plant Health Risk Analysis Workshop
Niagara Falls, October 2005
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
What is EPPO ?
• Intergovernmental organization responsible
for European cooperation in plant health
• Regional Plant Protection Organization
• Founded in 1951 by 15 countries, now 47
members
• For more information: www.eppo.org
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
International context
• Phytosanitary measures should
be technically justified
• ISPMs on Pest Risk Analyses have been
developed (ISPM 11, ISPM 21)
What role for an RPPO in PRA?
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
EPPO Standards in PRA
• PM 5/1(1) Check-list of information required
for pest risk analysis (PRA)- 1992
• PM 5/2(2) Pest risk analysis on detection of
a pest in an imported consignment – 1992,
revised in 2001
• PM 5/3(1) Pest risk assessment scheme –
1997, revised in 2005
• PM 5/4(1) Pest risk management scheme –
2000, revised in 2005
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EPPO decision making
scheme for PRA
• Added value: logic sequence of questions
addressing all elements of ISPM 11
• Revised to follow the structure of ISPM 11
• Combine pest risk assessment and pest
risk management
• Include specific elements for invasive
alien plants
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EPPO lists of regulated pests
• Any request for addition to the EPPO
lists must be supported by a PRA
performed according to the scheme.
• PRA schemes used in EPPO and EU
framework
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
Presentation of EPPO scheme
• Initiation
• Pest Risk Assessment
– Section A: Pest categorization:
qualitative assessment in the form of a
binary decision tree (Eliminate quickly pest
that do not qualify as QP)
– Section B: Assessment of probability of
introduction, spread and economic
consequences: series of questions with
choice of an appropriate phrase out of a set
of 5 alternatives (e.g. very unlikely,
unlikely, moderately likely, likely, very
likely)
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Examples of questions
Section A
10 Does the pest occur in the PRA area?
•
•
if yes
if no
Go to 11
Go to 12
12 Does at least one host-plant species (for pests
directly affecting plants) or one suitable habitat (for
non parasitic plants) occur in the PRA area (outdoors,
in protected cultivation or both)?
•
•
if yes
if no
Go to 13
Go to 17
17 The pest does not qualify as a QP for the PRA
area and the assessment for this pest can stop
(summarize the main reason for stopping the analysis)
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Examples of questions
Section B
• Probability of transfer to a suitable host or habitat
1.11. In the case of a commodity pathway, how widely is the
commodity to be distributed throughout the PRA area?
Note: the more scattered the destinations, the more likely it is that
the pest might find suitable habitats.
very limited, limited, moderately widely, widely, very widely
Go to 1.12
1.12. In the case of a commodity pathway, do consignments
arrive at a suitable time of year for pest establishment?
Note: introduction at many different times of the year will increase
the probability that entry of the pest will occur at a life stage of
the pest or the host which is suitable for establishment or when
habitat or environmental conditions are favourable.
if yes
if no
Go to 1.13
Go to 1.15
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Presentation of EPPO scheme
Pest risk management
• Steps are followed successively for each
of the major pathways likely to carry
the pest (or, for a commodity-initiated
analysis, for each of the pests likely to be
associated with the pathway)
• Pest risk management
– Identification of risk management options
– Evaluation of options
(2)
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Examples of questions: Management
Detection of the pest in consignments by inspection or testing
3.11 Can the pest be reliably detected by a visual inspection of a
consignment at the time of export, during transport/storage
or at import?
If yes
possible measure: visual inspection.
Go to 3.12
3.12 Can the pest be reliably detected by testing (e.g. for pest
plant seeds in a consignment)?
If yes
possible measure: specified testing.
Go to 3.13
3.13 Can the pest be reliably detected during post-entry
quarantine?
If yes possible
measure:
import
under
special
licence/permit and post-entry quarantine.
Go to 3.14
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Further developments
• EPPO Panel on tools for PRA will carry
on working on the decision scheme.
A new version will be adopted every year
• New standard under development:
Format for reports of PRA
• Computer version of the scheme
under development
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
EPPO Structure
for European PRA
• Modification of the existing structure
A single body will perform all PRAs
Share cost and workload
• Objectives:
– Perform risk assessment
– Identify the endangered area
– Identify risk management options
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
EPPO Panel for PRA
• Core membership
Consistency
• Ad hoc membership
Experts called upon for specific pests
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
EPPO Panel for PRA
Suggested expertise
Risk management
EPPO
Scheme
GIS and Climex
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Selection of pests
• Alert List + propositions from EPPO
countries
• Prioritization by EPPO bodies where all
members are represented
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Communication
• Available on EPPO website:
– Datasheets
– Reports of PRA
• Restricted to EPPO Members:
– Collection of all existing PRAs
– Working documents
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
Conclusion
The new working-procedures
should provide to EPPO member
countries appropriate information
for the technical justification of
phytosanitary measures
established by for certain pests.