W. M. Keck Observatory
Subaru Users’ Meeting
Ethan Tweedie Photography
Taft Armandroff
January 22, 2014
Table of Contents
• Keck / Subaru Exchange Program
• Recent Keck Observatory Capabilities
Enhancement Highlights
• Scientific Productivity
January 22, 2014
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Keck / Subaru Exchange Program
Benefits of Time Exchange
• Expands observing capabilities for each
community
– Subaru’s unique wide-field capabilities
– Keck’s powerful spectroscopic & adaptive optics
capabilities
• Economical: new instruments are expen$ive
• Brings Keck and Subaru communities closer
together
• Contributes to Mauna Kea Observing System
– As capable as any on Earth
January 22, 2014
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Subaru-Keck Exchange
& Capabilities Offered
• Subaru
– Initiated in semester 2007B
– Suprime-Cam: wide-field optical imager
– MOIRCS: IR imager & multi-object spectrograph
– Expanded to also include FOCAS, HDS, IRCS
(with NGS AO), FMOS, and COMICS
– Hyper Suprime-Cam added in 2014A
January 22, 2014
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Subaru-Keck Exchange
& Capabilities Offered
• Keck I
– LRIS: multi-object optical spectrograph
– OSIRIS: adaptive optics near-infrared integral-field
spectrograph
– MOSFIRE: multi-object infrared spectrograph
• Keck II
–
–
–
–
January 22, 2014
DEIMOS: wide-field multi-object optical spectrograph
ESI: moderate-resolution optical spectrograph
NIRSPEC: infrared spectrograph
NIRC2: adaptive optics infrared imager (& spectrograph)
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Keck Community with
Subaru Time
Semester
PI
Instrument
# of nights
2007B
Brown
Suprime-Cam
2
2007B
Ellis
Suprime-Cam
2
2008A
Brown
Suprime-Cam
2
2008A
Steidel
MOIRCS
2
2008B
Brown
Suprime-Cam
2
2008B
Brodie
Suprime-Cam
2
2009A
Wilson
MOIRCS
1
2009A
Brown
Suprime-Cam
2
2009B
Stanford
Suprime-Cam
2
2009B
Fraser
Suprime-Cam
1
2010A
Stanford
Suprime-Cam
2
2010A
Brodie
Suprime-Cam
1
2010B
Stanford
Suprime-Cam
1
2010B
Steidel
MOIRCS
2
2010B
Brodie
Suprime-Cam
1
2011 A
Stanford
Suprime-Cam
1
2011 A
Bullock
Suprime-Cam
1
2011 A
Spencer
Suprime-Cam
2
January 22, 2014
Semester
2011 B
2011 B
2011 B
2012 A
2012 A
2012 B
2012 B
2012 B
2013 A
2013 A
2013 A
2013 A
2013 B
2013 B
2013 B
2014 A
2014 A
2014 A
2014 A
2014 A
2014 A
Subaru Users’ Meeting
PI
Instrument
# of nights
Stanford
Hansen
Brown
Hansen
Spencer
Spencer
Hansen
Brown
Brown
Wittman
Zuckerman
Weaver
Spencer
Wittman
Brodie
Wittman
Brodie
Fassnacht
Brown
Spencer
Spencer
MOIRCS
MOIRCS
IRCS+AO
MOIRCS
Suprime-Cam
Suprime-Cam
MOIRCS
Suprime-Cam
Suprime-Cam
Suprime-Cam
Comics
Suprime-Cam
Suprime-Cam
Suprime-Cam
Suprime-Cam
Suprime-Cam
Suprime-Cam
Suprime-Cam
HSC
HSC
Suprime-Cam
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
Subaru Time on Keck Instruments
(2007B thru 2014A)
# of Nights
30
27
25
LRIS
MOSFIRE
20
NIRSPEC
15
10
OSIRIS
10
8
DEIMOS
7
5
5
LRIS
0
January 22, 2014
MOSFIRE
OSIRIS
NIRSPEC
DEIMOS
Instrument
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Recent Keck Observatory
Capabilities Enhancement
Highlights
MOSFIRE
Multi-Object Spectrometer For InfraRed Exploration
• On Keck I, MOSFIRE
provides:
– 46 slits over 6.1' x 3' field using
configurable slit mask unit
• Unique capability
worldwide
• First light: April 4, 2012
• Funding: NSF TSIP and
Gordon and Betty Moore
• Has become most popular
instrument on Keck I
January 22, 2014
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI)
• Optical Integral Field
Spectroscopy for Keck II
• Key Strategy:
– Highly efficient for faint sources
– Superb sky subtraction
• Key Science:
– Cosmic Web
– Gas outflows from galaxies
– Outer regions of galaxies
• Basic instrument and blue channel
are under construction at Caltech
– First light: July 2015
• Funding:
– NSF TSIP Program
– Private philanthropy
• Submitting proposal to NSF for
red channel
January 22, 2014
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Adaptive Optics Upgrades
• Center Launch of Keck II Laser
– Improves performance
– First light for full system: February 2014
– Shared risk science: Semester 2014B
• Infrared Tip/Tilt Sensing on Keck I
–
–
–
–
Improves performance and sky coverage
First light: November 2013
Science verification tests: April 2014
Shared-risk science: Semester 2014B
• Upgraded Detectors, H2RG, for OSIRIS IFU and Imager
– Greater sensitivity
– Wider field for imager
– First light: August 2015
• PSF Determination
January 22, 2014
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Next Generation Adaptive Optics
• Key Strategy:
– Higher Strehl
– Lower background
– High sky coverage
• Key Science:
– Test General Relativity using Galactic Center black hole
– Address nature and distribution of dark matter via gravitational lensing
• Funding
– Submitting proposal to NSF Mid-Scale Innovations Program (passed first review)
Keck's 20th Anniversary Science Meeting
13
Telescope Control System Upgrade
(TCSU)
• Upgrade telescope control systems on both
telescopes
– Improve pointing
• Absolute pointing accuracy of 2 arcsec RMS
– Decrease acquisition time
– Increase reliability
– Enhance sustainability
• Replace obsolete computers, electronics & software
• Keck II TCSU completes in Jan 2015
– Keck I approximately 1 year later
January 22, 2014
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Scientific Productivity
Number of Publications per Year
350
321
313
300
289
278
250
298
308
262 270
200
194
233
212 214
169 176
150
109
127
100
53 68
50
0
19961997
1998
1999 2000
Number of
refereed publications
based on Keck data
January 22, 2014
2001 2002
2003 2004
Year
2005 2006
Subaru Users’ Meeting
2007 2008
2009 2010
2011 2012
2013
16
Adaptive Optics Publications
Per Year
January 22, 2014
Subaru Users’ Meeting
17
Ph.D. Theses Based on
WMKO Observing
30
28
27
26
26
25
21
# of Theses
20
18
19
16
15
15
18
13
12
11
11
9
10
5
5
5
1
2
0
0
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Year
January 22, 2014
Subaru Users’ Meeting
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Keck Observatory and our science
community strongly value our
collaboration with Subaru
Let the Universe Inspire You
Subaru Users’ 19
Meeting
January 22, 2014