Acids and Bases
Section 3-2
Terms to know
 Indicator: a substance that changes
color in the presence of an acid or a
base
 Corrosive: destroys body tissue,
clothing, etc
3.2 Acids and Bases
Acid
Any compound that increases hydronium
ions (H3O+), when dissolved in water
H+ ions separate from acid and bond with
H2O
Examples: HCl, H2SO4
3.2 Acids and Bases
Properties of Acids
1) Taste Sour
 Citrus fruit
2) Change Color of Indicator
 Blue litmus paper turns red
 Bromothymol blue turns yellow
3.2 Acids and Bases
Properties of Acids continued
3)React w/ some metals
 H gas is formed
4)Conduct Electric Current
 Form ions in solution so current can be conducted
5)May be corrosive
3.2 Acids and Bases
Uses of Acids
Foods
 Citric acid and ascorbic acid in orange juice
Drinks
 Carbonic and phosphoric acid in soft drinks
3.2 Acids and Bases
Uses of Acids
Industry
 Detergent, fertilizers, plastics, perms or chemical
straighteners
Body
 Hydrochloric acid in your stomach
3.2 Acids and Bases
Bases
Any compound that increases the amount
of hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved
in water
Examples: NaOH, Ca(OH)2
3.2 Acids and Bases
 Properties of Bases
1) Taste Bitter
 Soap, if you’ve ever tasted
2) Feel Slippery
3.2 Acids and Bases
Properties of Bases continued
3) Change Color of Indicator
 Red litmus paper turns Blue
 Bromothymol Blue turns deep blue
4) Conduct Electric Current
 Because of ions in solutions
5) May be corrosive
3.2 Acids and Bases
Uses of Bases
Industry
 NaOH to make soap and paper
 Ca(OH)2 for cement and plaster
Cleaners
 Ammonia, baking soda, bleach
Antacids
 Alka-seltzer, Tums