Researcher Panel on AFL
May 13, 2016
Lyn M. Shulha,
Assessment and Evaluation Group
Queen’s University
What trends have you observed in formative assessment?
1. Better at Knowing Why Need to Do It
• Feedback improves quality of teaching and learning
activities (Black & Wiliam, 1998 – meta analysis)
• AfL guides students toward achievement standards
(Stiggins, 2005)
• AfL shapes methods of instructional scaffolding
(Shepherd 2005)
• Afl allows explicit linkages between curriculum and
assessment (Shavelson et al., 2008)
• Quality feedback enhances student motivation and
cognitive effort (Wiliam 2011)
• Afl serves learning, not simply a check on learning
(Earl, 2012)
What trends have you observed in formative assessment?
2. Better at Choosing What to Do & Use
1. Sharing success criteria with learners
2. Eliciting evidence of student
understanding
3. Providing feedback that moves
learning forward.
4. Activating
students as instructional
⌃ learning
(and students’
about
resources for one another.
their
learning)
5. own
Activating
students as the owners of
their own learning
(Black & Wiliam, 2011)
What innovative thinking/research is emerging
around AfL and pedagogy?
How would you explain to your students,
- in about 2 minuteswhat learning looks like?
• Ideas
Cognitive scaffolding
• Connections
• Extensions
Nurtured by
. . . from ‘surface’ to ‘deeper’ learning - ‘on the fly’!
References
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Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (1998). Assessment and classroom living. Assessment in
Education: Principles, Policy, and Practice, 5(1), 7-74.
Earl, L. M. (2012). Assessment as learning: Using classroom assessment to maximize
student learning. Corwin Press.
Earl, L. (2003) Assessment as learning (Thousand Oaks, Corwin Press).
Fostaty-Young, C. S. F., & Wilson, R. J. (2000). Assessment and learning: The ICE
approach. Portage & Main Press.
Shavelson, R. J., Young, D. B., Ayala, C. C., Brandon, P. R., Furtak, E. M., Ruiz-Primo, M.
A., & Yin, Y. (2008).On the impact of curriculum-embedded formative assessment on
learning: A collaboration between curriculum and assessment developers. Applied
Measurement in Education, 21(4), 295-314.
Shepard, L. A. (2005). Linking Formative Assessment to Scaffolding. Educational
leadership, 63(3), 66-70.
Shepard, L. A. (2000). The role of assessment in a learning culture. Educational
researcher, 29(7), 4-14.
Stiggins, R., Chappuis, S., & Arter, J. (2014). Classroom assessment for student learning.
Pearson.
Stiggins, R. (2005). From formative assessment to assessment for learning: A path to
success in standards-based schools. The Phi Delta Kappan, 87(4), 324-328.
Wiliam, D. (2011). What is assessment for learning?. Studies in Educational Evaluation,
37(1), 3-14.