New Functions For Plant
PR-5 (Thaumatin-like)
Proteins
Plant PR-5 Protein Facts
•Ubiquitous
Osmotin mRNA per
10 ug total RNA
La Rosa et al., (1992)
Plant Physiol. 100:409
PR-5 Proteins Have
Conserved Structure
C
*
*
N
* * *
* *
*
*
* *
*
*
C *
N
*
*
*
**
*
*
*
*
*
Thaumatin, Osmotin
TLPs, OLPs
(PDB) (De Vos et al., 1995) (Koiwa et al., 1997)
Virology
Volume 40, Issue 2, February 1970, Pages 199-211
Polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis of the soluble leaf proteins from
Nicotiana tabacum var. ‘Samsun’ and ‘Samsun NN’
II. Changes in protein constitution after infection with tobacco mosaic virus
L. C. Van Loon and A. Van Kammen
Laboratory of Virology, State Agricultural University, Wageningen, The
Netherlands
Accepted 14 August 1969. Available online 16 April 2004.
Abstract
Electrophoresis in 5, 7.5, and 10% acrylamide gels revealed that characteristic changes appear in the protein constitution of N. tabacum var.
‘Samsun,’ ‘Samsun NN,’ and N. glutinosa after infection with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Apart from significant quantitative changes, one new
band was present in Samsun plants 4 weeks after infection. This band was characterized as TMV coat protein by coelectrophoresis and serology. A
change in the electrophoretic mobility of the major band was recorded.
In Samsun NN plants four new bands (I–IV) were present 1 week after infection. These bands are not related to TMV coat protein and are not new
isozymes of peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, acid phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, or 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. The
bands first appear at the onset of necrosis and increase in intensity with time. Five days after infection band I ceases to increase, whereas bands II,
III, and IV increase up to day 14. From day 7 onward, the four bands are also present in the noninoculated, young developing leaves, where they
further increase with time. The amount of the four new protein components was related to lesion density and was reduced by treatment of the leaves
with actinomycin D 2 days after infection.
In N. glutinosa one new band was induced and two bands increased markedly after infection, while one had disappeared from the protein pattern.
These changes relate to other protein components than those found in infected Samsun NN, but are also apparent in the noninoculated parts of the
plants from day 7 after infection.
The possible relation of the new protein components to the phenomenon of systemic acquired resistance is discussed.
PR-5 Proteins Are Plant Defense
Effectors
Pathogen
Signal
Transduction
Perception
Defense genes encoding antimicrobials
PR-1s
Chitinases
PR-3,-4, -8, -11
Defensins
PR-12
PR-2s
PR-5s
Proteinase inhibitors PR-6
LTPs
PR-14
Thionins
PR-13
In
Fond Memory
Pathogen
Transgenic Overexpression Of PR-5 Genes Increases Stress
Tolerance
Plant species
Agrostis palustris
Brassica napus
Citrus sinensis
Daucus carota
PR-protein
PR-5
PR-5
PR-5
PR-5
Donor
Oryza sativa
Hordeum vulgare
Solanum lycopersicum
Or. sativa
Stressor
Tolerance (changea)
Sclerotinia homeocarpa
+
Plasmodiophora brassicae
+
Phytophthora citrophthora
+
Alternaria ,Aternaria,
+
Alternaria, Botrytis, Rhizoctonia,
Sclerotinia,, Sclerotium
Dianthus caryophyllus
Fragaria x ananassa
osmotin
thaumatin
osmotin
Nicotiana tabacum
Thaumatococcus daniellii
Ni. tabacum
Fusarium
Botrytis
salt
Gossypium hirsutum
osmotin
Ni. tabacum
drought
Hyacinthus orientalis
Nicotiana tabacum
thaumatin
osmotin
thaumatin
PR-5
Th. danielliii
Ni. tabacum
Th. daniellii
Or. sativa
Fusarium culmorum
drought, salt
Pythium, Rhizoctonia,
Alternaria
Olea europaea
Oryza sativa
osmotin
PR-5
Chitinase + TLP +
Serine-threonine
kinase
osmotin +
chitinase
thaumatin
Ni. tabacum
Or. sativa
Or. sativa
cold
Rhizoctonia
Sarocladium ,
Xanthomonas
Ni. tabacum,
Phaseolus vulgaris
Th. daniellii
Fusarium
Phytophthora
osmotin
PR-5
osmotin
Ni. tabacum
Or. sativa
Ho. vulgare
Ni. tabacum
Phy. infestans
Fusarium
Fusarium
salt
+
+
+
+
(greenhouse)
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum tuberosum
Triticum aestivum
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
(greenhouse)
+
- (field)
+ (geenhouse)
+
Arabidopsis thaliana TLPs: characteristics and tissue-specific expression.
Locus
Literature
ORF-based predictions
Protein information
In vitro
activity
Organ-specific gene
expression
Proteomics
Loc
N-ext
C-ext
8.8
S (1)
20 (20)
4
5.7
S (1)
25 (25 S) 0
5.1
I (5)
2
71
9
I (4)
41 TM
4
4.7
S (1)
23 (22 S) 3
cw /apo, vac 4.7
S (1)
23 (23 S) 0
At1g75050
4.6
S (1)
34 (23 S) 3
At1g75800
4.8
S (1)
22 (22 S) 82
At1g77700
6.4
I (3)
88
At2g17860
4.2
S (1)
22 (22 S) 4
At2g24810
10
S (2)
26 (26 S) 0
At1g18250 AtTLP-1
At1g19320
0rgan
Subcellular pI
Antifungal fl
sd, si
At1g20030
At1g73620
fl
Antifungal fl
At1g75030 AtTLP-3
fl, tri
At1g75040 PR-5; SAR
mic
fl, rt,sd, si cw /apo
7.4
S (1)
26 (21 S) 0
At4g11650 AtOSM34
rt
6.1
S (1)
22 (22 S) 21
At4g24180
4.5
S (1)
27 (27 S) 4
At4g36000
5.4
S (3)
28 (28 S) 4
At4g36010
4.7
S (1)
22 (22 S) 51 GPI
At4g38660
4.4
M (5)
29 (9 T)
fl
8.6
C (5)
20 (78 T) 34
At5g02140
fl
8.4
S (1)
20 (20)
53
4.5
S (1)
26 (26)
169 MA
7.9
S (1)
27 (21)
8
Cluster A
sd
Cluster B
acidic
neutral
Cluster C
basic
fl
po
sd
100 GPI
At4g38670
At5g40020
ros
56
At2g28790
At5g24620
rt
1 to 9
10 to 99
100 to 999
>1000
Adv Bot Res (2009) 17: 439-489.
Induction Of Arabidopsis TLPs By By Stress, Senescence And Nutrients
Abiotic stresses
Defense-related gene expression
Nutrients
N low
K low
Dextrose
Senescence
Cold
Drought
Osmotic
ACC
MeJA
Horm ones
SA
Pseudomonas
syringae
Myzus
persicae
Ins ect Bact
Botrytis
cinerea
Erysiphe
chicoracearum
Phytophthora
infestans
Fungus
Salt
Locus
At1g18250
At1g19320
At1g20030
At1g73620
At1g75030
At1g75040
At1g75050
At1g75800
At1g77700
At2g17860
At2g24810
At2g28790
At4g11650
At4g24180
At4g36000
At4g36010
At4g38660
At4g38670
At5g02140
At5g24620
At5g40020
< 2 X induction
< 2 X repression
2 to 4.99 X induction
2 to 4.99 X repression
5 to 9.99 X induction
5 to 9.99 X repression
10 to 99 X induction
10 to 99 X repression
>100 X induction
Adv Bot Res (2009) 17: 439-489.
The PR-5 Protein Gene Family In A Plant
Species Is Fairly Large
Species Arabidopsis Rice
Loci (#)
21
30
Poplar
51
Grape
28
Adv Bot Res (2009) 17: 439-489.
Species
Occurence of PR-5/Thaumatin-like Proteins
Yes
Flowering plants (All)
Mosses (All)
Algae (All)
Amoeba (Some)
Fungi (Most)
Insects (Some)
Bacteria (Some)
Cyanobacteria
Viruses
No
Mammals (All)
Bony fishes (All)
Birds (All)
•Sequence and structural similarity with plant PR-5 proteins
•As families
Adv Bot Res (2009) 17: 439-489.