SNC 2P Biology Review
Diffusion
• Fill in the missing words:
• Diffusion is the movement of molecules from
an area of ___________ concentration to an
area of __________ concentration
Osmosis
• Osmosis is the movement of ____________
molecules across a ______________
Osmosis
• In which direction will water move (into the
cell or out of the cell) in the example below?
Cells
1. Why do cells need to remain small?
2. State three reasons why cells need to divide
Cell division
• State the stages of the cell cycle
• Circle the two stages that are the division
stage
• Star the stage that is just about division of the
genetic material
Answers:
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High, low
Water, semi-permeable membrane
Into the cell
Small cells are more efficient at moving
materials into and out of the cell because
diffusion happens at a constant rate
• Repair/maintain, growth, reproduce
• Interphase, mitosis*, cytokinesis
Mitosis
• Match each figure with either:
– Prophase, metaphase, anaphase or telophase
Cancer
1. What is a mutation?
2. Which of these types of tumour is more
dangerous?
– Benign or malignant
3. Give two reasons why that type is more
dangerous
Answers:
• A – telophase, B- prophase, C- anaphase, Dmetaphase
• A change in the genetic code (or DNA)
• Malignant
• They invade other cells and they spread to
other parts of the body (metastasis)
Cell Specialization
1. What type of cell do all cells start out as?
2. Why do cells in multicellular organisms (like
humans) need different kinds of cells?
3. What happens to cell when it specializes?
4. What is the name of this process?
Types of cells
• Identify each of the following types of cells:
Types of tissues
1. Fill in the blanks:
– Cells specialize and work together to form ____
– Tissues work together in ______ to perform a
common task
– Organs work together in ____ ____ to perform a
common task
2. State the 4 types of tissues
Answers
• Stem cells
• Because there are many kinds of jobs to
perform
• They change size and shape
• Cell differentiation
• A- muscle, B-nerve, C-skin, D-bone, E-blood
• Tissues, organs, organ systems
• Muscle, epithelial, connective, nervous
Identify the organ that:
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Moves blood through the body
Exchanges gases
Cleans and filters the blood
Cleans the blood, stores substances such as
glycogen, vitamins and minerals
• Churns and digests food
• Absorbs nutrients into the body
Match the organ system
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Transports blood, nutrients, gases and wastes
Takes in and breaks down food
Controls breathing
Removes liquid wastes from the body
Moves body parts and organs
Provides structural support
Gathers and interprets sensory information
Defends against disease
Includes skin, hair, nails and provides a protective
barrier
Answers
• Heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, stomach, small
intestine
• Circulatory system, digestive system,
respiratory system, excretory system,
muscular system, skeletal system, nervous
system, immune system, integumentary
system
Respiration
• Match the labels to the structures or fill in the
blanks:
Work bank: alveoli, capillaries, bronchus,
bronchioles, diaphragm, epiglottis, larynx, lung,
nasal cavity, pharynx, poor, rich, trachea
Respiration
1. Explain what happens in gas exchange
2. Why is blood ‘oxygen poor’ when it arrives at
the lungs? Or why do we need oxygen?
Answers
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A – capillaries
B – alveoli
C – poor
D – rich
E – nasal cavity
F – pharynx
G – epiglottis
H – larynx
I – trachea
J – bronchus
K – lung
• L – bronchioles
• M – diaphragm
• Oxygen moves into the
lungs/alveoli, diffuses into
the capillaries then diffuses
into body cells while carbon
dioxide goes from body cells
through the blood to the
lungs to be exhaled
• For cellular respiration- so
body cells can make energy
using glucose and oxygen
Circulation
• Identify structures A - E:
• Use the numbers to
explain what happens to
blood as it flows through
the heart/lungs/body
Answers
• A- artery, B-vein, C-valve, D- capillaries, Eheart
• 10 –oxygen poor blood arrives at the heart
and enters at 11 (right atrium) then goes to 1
(right ventricle) and is pumped out through 2
to the lungs (3) where gas exchange occurs
• Oxygen rich blood comes from 3 (lungs) to 4
(left atrium) then 5 (left ventricle) where it is
pumped through 6 (the aorta) to the body
Digestion
• Identify the parts labeled below:
Digestion
1. State the 4 processes of digestion
2. Explain the difference between physical and
mechanical digestion
3. What happens during absorption?
Answers
• A- mouth, B-esophagus, C-stomach, D-liver, E-pancreas,
F- large intestine, G- small intestine, H – rectum
• Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
• Physical – breaking food down into smaller pieces
– Chewing, churning
• Chemical digestion uses chemicals (enzymes) to break
food down for absorption
– Saliva, gastric (stomach) fluids
• The diffusion of food from the small intestine into the
blood to travel to each cell of the body
Cellular Respiration
1. Write the word equation for cellular
respiration
– glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + energy
2. Explain how glucose and oxygen enter the
body and reach each cell
3. Explain how carbon dioxide waste is removed
from the body
Answers
• Oxygen enters through the respiratory system
(lungs/alveoli) and diffuses into the circulatory system
(capillaries) where it is carried to every cell (and
diffuses into the cells)
• Glucose is absorbed from the digestive system and
enters the circulatory system (capillaries) where it is
carried to every body cell (and diffuses into the cells)
• Carbon dioxide is a waste that diffuses from body cells
into the circulatory system (capillaries) and is carried to
the alveoli where it diffuses into the respiratory system
and is exhaled
Organelles
• Organelle:
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Cell wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Vesicle
Ribosomes
• Function
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A - transportation network
B - structural support
C - control centre, where the DNA is
D -creates energy from food
E- stores food water or wastes
F- controls what enters/exits
G -packages material for shipment
H -supports organelles, where chemical
reactions happen
– I -manufactures proteins
– J -creates food from sunlight, water and
carbon dioxide
– K -membrane bound structure that
carries materials into/out of cell
Answers
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Cell wall -B
Cell membrane - F
Cytoplasm - H
Nucleus - C
Mitochondrion - D
Chloroplast -J
Vacuole - E
Endoplasmic reticulum - A
Golgi apparatus - G
Vesicle - K
Ribosomes - I
Animal cell
• Label the parts of the cell:
Plant cell
• Label the parts of the cell:
Answers
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Animal cell
A – ribosome
B – nucleus
C – endoplasmic reticulum
D – cytoplasm
E – vacuole
F – Golgi apparatus
G – cell membrane
H – vesicle
I – cytoskeleton
J – mitochondrion
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Plant cell
A – cytoskeleton
B – chloroplast
C – vacuole
D – vesicle
E – nucleus
F – ribosome
G – endoplasmic reticulum
H – cell membrane
I – cell wall
J – cytoplasm
K – Golgi apparatus
L – mitochondrion