1. Write the Learning Goal & critical
question in the top section of your
spiral.
2. Then answer the warm up question.
Critical Question: What are the 6
different components of DNA?
 Warm Up Question: Where is DNA
located in a prokaryotic cell? Eukaryotic
cell? What’s it’s function?
: Look at your cell diagrams.

Regents Biology
Warm Up Question
 Where is DNA located in a prokaryotic


cell? In the cytoplasm (free floating)
Eukaryotic cell? Inside the nucleus
What’s it’s function? Controls the cell’s function
Regents Biology
Because it contains the cell’s
DNA 
Cellular Processes
 DNA 
Goal: Remember the shape and
components that make up DNA and
their relation to each other
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How does all that DNA fit inside an
organism?
 All organisms have a certain amount of DNA that
carries instructions necessary for life (genome).
Where is DNA located in bacterial cells?
How
did
you get
DNA
 How
is DNA
packaged
into the
a cell?

packed into the cell?
discuss possible answers with
shoulder partner
“Prokaryotic Cell”
Unused
DNA
(orperson
genes) gets twisted and
Working
with
the
twisted
and
twisted
around itself until it is
across
from
you,
fit the
compacted and small enough to fit inside a
“DNA” inside the cell.
“DNA”

prokaryotic cell.
Regents Biology
So what is DNA? & Where is it?
DNA – DeoxyriboNucleicAcid
1.
2.
Genetic material that carries instructional
information for a cell’s function and it’s
passed on from generation to generation
It’s found
1.
2.
in the form of chromatin (tangled
mumbo jumbo)
Inside the nucleus
Regents Biology
What does a DNA molecules look like?
 A twisted ladder

Created by
repeating subunits
called Nucleotides
 Nucleotide
1. Nitrogen Base
The rungs of the ladder
2. 5 Carbon Sugar
(deoxyribose)
where the rung meets the
side of the ladder
3. Phosphate Group
The space in between the
rungs on the side
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What the twisted Ladder Means
 Nucleotide
1. Nitrogen Base




Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
Draw Here
2. 5 Carbon
Sugar
(deoxyribose)
3. Phosphate
Group
Regents Biology
A=T
C=G
2 hydrogen bonds
3 hydrogen bonds
The Hand of DNA
 Draw the structures of DNA onto your
hand
Phosphate –
bonds to the 5th
carbon of the
sugar
Nitrogen
Bases
Adenine- binds to
Thymine
Cytosine- binds to
Guanine
Deoxyribose
Sugar- 5 carbon
sugar
Guanine- binds to
Cytosine
Thymine-binds to
Adenine
Regents Biology
Discuss these questions with your
shoulder partner
1. Where are the sugar and phosphate
located?
2. Where are the nitrogen bases located?
3. What letters pair up?

Observe the 5’ and the 3’
4. What direction does it run in relation
to your thumb?

Just like you read left to right, DNA is
read from 5’ to 3’
Regents Biology
Use this time to answer the critical
question as 1 of your exit tickets.
What are the 6 components of
DNA?
When you have answered the critical
question.
Grab and correctly color the DNA strands
Regents Biology
DNA Replication
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DNA Replication Process
1. An Enzyme (Helicase) breaks the
hydrogen bonds (unzips) the double
stranded DNA
T G G T A C A G C T A G T C A T C G T A Helicase
C CG T
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Matching bases of DNA & RNA
 Double stranded DNA unzips
Helicase
T G G
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T A C A G C T A G T C A T CG T A C CG T
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Exit Ticket
1. Describe the overall shape of the DNA
molecule.
2. How many strands of DNA are in one
molecule?
3. What structures of DNA does the
- palm and
- thumb
represent in your “Hand of DNA” activity
Regents Biology