The Etiology of malocclusion
Local factors
General factors
Skeletal factor
Muscle factor
Dental factor
Local factors affecting
occlusal development
Dr. Ahmed AL-Mayali
B.D.S M.Sc. Ortho.
[email protected]
Local factors affecting occlusal
development
1
• Aberrant position of individual teeth
2
• Supernumerary teeth
3
• Developmental hypodontia
4
• The labial frenum
5
• Thumb or finger sucking
Aberrant developmental position
of individual teeth
• Upper canine…...lower 3rd molar upper
central incisor …...lower central incisor
• Trauma
• Congenital displaced
ABERRANT DEVELOPMENTAL POSITION OF
UPPER CANINE TEETH
Why?
Space deficiency…….
×
Location of the unerupted
malpositioned canine
A-Visual examination
B- Palpation
3- Radiography
A-Visual examination
B- Palpation
Radiography
1
• Intra-oral (periapical)
2
• Anterior occlusal and oblique occlusal
3
4
• Rotational tomography ( O.P.G )
Postero-anterior and true lateral •
1-Removal of the tooth.
2-Alignment into the dental arch with
appliances.
3-Immediate repositioning of the tooth by
extraction and reimplantation.
4-No treatment.
2- Supernumerary teeth
 Supplementary teeth
 Conical teeth
 Tuberculate teeth
A- Supplementary teeth
Normal form
Extra upper & lower incisors
Effect…………...
B- Conical teeth
C- Tuberculate teeth
Premaxilla
Palatal
Delay eruption central incisors
3- Developmental hypodontia
The effect of hypodontia on
dental occlusion

form …incisors…..coniform & molars
position …..more teeth…….spacing
growth of the jaws.
Basal part
Alveolar part
Vertical ,transverse, anteroposterior
4- The labial frenum

causes of upper median
diastema
1-low and thick attachment
2-Hypodontia.
3-Proclination of incisors.
4-General spacing.
5-The presence of supernumerary teeth.
6-Ugly duckling stage.
Treatment
1-surgery
2-fixed appliance
THANK YOU