AP Calculus AB
Final Exam Review
Name _________________________________
LIMITS and CONTINUITY
1. A ball is dropped from a state of rest at time t  0 . The distance traveled after t seconds is s  t   16t 2 ft.
a) How far does the ball travel during the time interval [2, 2.5]?
b) Compute the average velocity over [2, 2.5]?
c) Compute the average velocity over time intervals [2, 2.01], [2, 2.005], [2, 2.001], [2, 2.00001]. Use this to
estimate the object’s instantaneous velocity at t  2 .
2. A stone is tossed in the air from ground level with an initial velocity of 15 m/s. Its height at time t is
h t   15t  4.9t 2 m. Compute the stone’s average velocity over the time intervals [1, 1.01], [1, 1.001], [1,
1.0001] and [0.99, 1], [0.999, 1], [0.9999, 1]. Use this to estimate the instantaneous velocity at t  1 .
3. Estimate the instantaneous rate of change at the point indicated
a) P  x   4 x 2  3; x  2
b)
f  x   ex ;
x 0
4. The number P  t  of E. coli cells at time t (hours) in a petri dish is plotted on the graph below.
a) Calculate the average rate of change of P  t  over the interval
[1, 3] and draw the corresponding secant line
b) Estimate the slope m of the line in the figure. What does m
represent?
5. Complete the table and use it to estimate the value of the limit:
X
f(x)
x
1.002
0.998
1.001
0.999
1.0005
0.9995
1.00001
0.99999
f(x)
lim f  x  , where f  x  
x 1
6. Use the graph of each function to estimate it’s limit, or state that the limit does not exist.
sin x
x 3  2x 2  9
x 1
a) lim
b) lim 2
c) lim 2
x 1 x  1
x 3 x  2 x  3
x 0 x
sec1 x
1
tan1 x  x
d) limsin x cos
e) lim
f) lim 1
x 0 sin x  x
x 1
x 0
x
x 1
x3  1
x2  1
8. Determine the one-sided limits at c  1, 2, 4, and 5 of
the function shown below, and state whether the limit
exists at these points.
7. Determine lim f  x  and lim f  x  for the
x 2 
x 2 
function shown below.
9. For the function shown below, determine the
one-sided limits of f  x  at c  2 and c  4
10. Determine the infinite one- and two-sided limits of
the function shown below
11. Draw the graph of a function with the given limits
a) lim f  x   2, lim f  x   0, lim f  x   4
x 1
x 3
x 3
b) lim f  x   , lim f  x   0, lim f  x   
x 1
x 3
x 3
c) lim f  x   f 2  3, lim f  x   1, lim f  x   2  f  4 
x 2
x 2
x 4
d) lim f  x   , lim f  x   3, lim f  x   
x 1
x 1
x 4
12. Evaluate each limit
a) lim x
x 9
b) lim14
c) lim  3x  4 
e) lim  3t  14 
f) lim  x 2  9 x 3 
x9
d) lim  y  14 
t 4
y 3
x 3
x 3
13. Given that lim f  x   4 , evaluate each of the following
x 6
a) lim f  x 
2
b) lim
x 6
x 6
1
f x
c) lim xf  x 
x 6
14. Given that lim f  x   3 and lim g  x   1 , evaluate each of the following
x 4
a) lim  2 f  x   3g  x  
x 4
b) lim
f x 1
3g  x   9
15. Evaluate each limit or state that it does not exist
x 4
x 4
1  h   1
x 2
x 2  3x  2
b) lim
c) lim 3
d) lim
x 2
h

0
x

2
x 2
h
x  4x
1
1
3

y  2

2 h 2
f) lim 3
g) lim 3  h 3
h) lim
h0
h 0
y 2 y  5y  2
h
h
x 2  64
a) lim
x 8 x  8
3
3x 2  4 x  4
x 2
2x 2  8
e) lim
i) lim
x 2
x 2
x  4x
j) lim
x 2
x2  1  x  1
x 3
e e
1  ex
x
n) lim
x 0
4 
 1
k) lim 


x 4
 x 2 x  4 
2x
o) lim
x 
7x 2  9
x  4 x  3
r) lim
s) lim
x 
l) lim
x 0
cot x
csc x
m) lim
x
3x  20 x
2x 4  3x 3  29

4
2
x
x 9
p) lim
x 
x2  1
x 1
t) lim
x  3
x 1
q) lim
x 
7x  9
4x  3
u) lim
x 1
x 
2
sin x  cos x
tan x  1
x
x
1
6
 1 3
16. Determine the points at which the function is discontinuous, and state the type of discontinuity
1
1
1  2z
a) f  x  
b) g t   2
c) h  z   2
z  z 6
x
t 1
17, Draw the graph of a function on [0, 5] with the given properties
a) f  x  is not continuous at x  1 , but lim f  x  and lim f  x  exist and are not equal
x 1
x 1
b) f  x  has a removable discont. at x  1 , a jump discont. at x  2 , lim f  x    , and lim f  x   2
x 3 
18. Evaluate each limit
x 9
a) lim
x 0 x  9
x

b) limsin    
x 
2

c) lim tan  3x 
x
x 3 
d) lim x


5
2
x 4
4
DERIVATIVES
19. Given the graph to the right…
a) Determine f '  a  for a  1, 2 ,4, 7
b) Estimate f '  6 
c) Which is larger: f '  5.5 or f '  6.5
d) Show that f '  3 does not exist
20. Evaluate each derivative at x  a using the limit definition, and then find an equation of the tangent line
a 2
a3
a) f  x   3x 2  2x
b) f  x   x 1
c) f  t  
2
1t
a  1
d) f  x  
1
x
a9
21. Each of the following limits represents a derivative f '  a  . Find f  x  and a.
a) lim
h0
 5  h
3
 125
h


  h   0.5
6

b) lim 
h 0
h
52 h  25
h 0
h
c) lim
22. Given the following graph…
a) Estimate the slope of the tangent line to the graph at t  4.
b) For which values of t is the slope of the tangent line = to zero?
c) For which values is it negative?
23. Match the function in graphs A-D with their derivatives in graphs I-III. Explain.
24. Assign the labels f  x  , g  x  , and h  x  to the graphs below, such that f '  x   g  x  and g '  x   h  x 
25. Sketch the derivative graph of the following function
26. Find the values of x for which the tangent line is horizontal for the function f  x   x  3x 2
27. Find the points on the curve y  x2  3x  7 at which the slope of the tangent line is equal to 4
28. For the functions f  x   x 2  5x  4 and g  x   2x  3 , find the values of x at which the graphs
have parallel tangent lines
29. Find all values of x where the tangent lines to y  x3 and y  x 4 are parallel
30. Which of the following functions is the derivative
of the other? Explain.
31. In the following graph, at which points is the
function discontinuous? At which points is it nondifferentiable?
32. Match each function from A-C with their derivatives in I-III
33. Evaluate each derivative
a)
d 23
t
dt
b)
t 8
d 17
t
dt
i) f  x   2x 3  10 x 1
e)
d  23
t
dt
c)
d 0.35
x
dx
d)
g)
d
3t  4et 

dt
h)
t 1
d x
9e
dx
j) g  z   7z 3  z 2  5
f)
k) f  s   4 s  3 s
d 143
x
dx
d t 2
e
dt
3
l) f  x    x  1
n) h t   5et 3
m) g  x   e2
34. Calculate each derivative indicated
2
3
a) f  x   4
b) T  3C 3
f ' 2
x
c) s  4 z  16z2
ds
dz z 2
dT
dC
d) p  7eh2
C 8
dp
dh h  4
35. Find each derivative
a) f  x    x 4  4  x 2  x  1
d)
dy
dx
x4  4
x2  5
, y
x 2
1
b)
e)
1
g) f t   32 52
dz
dx
dy
dx
, z
x 1
, y
x 2
1
x4
1
x 1
3
h) f  x    x  3 x  1 x  5
36. Find an equation of the tangent line to the graph y 
37. Using the data given in the table below…
f 4
f '4
g 4
g '4
2
3
5
1

c) f  x  
f) h t  
i) f  x  
t
x 1

x 1
t
4
t
2
t
7
 1
ex
 e x  1  x  1
x
at x  2
x  x 1
a) Find the derivative of fg and
f
at x  4
g
b) Calculate F '  4  , where F  x   xf  x 
c) Calculate G '  4  , where G  x   xg  x  f  x 
d) Calculate H '  4  , where H  x  
x
gx f x

38. What is lim f  x  if f  x  satisfies cos x  f  x   1 for x in  1, 1 ?
x 0
39. For each of the following, state whether the inequality provides sufficient information to determine
lim f  x  , and if so, find the limit.
x 1
a) 4 x  5  f  x   x 2
b) 2x  1  f  x   x 2
c) 2x  1  f  x   x 2  2
40. Use the Squeeze Theorem to evaluate lim x cos
x 0
41. Evaluate each limit
sin x cos x
a) lim
x 0
x
1
x
sin2 t
t 0
t
c) lim
b) lim
sin6h
d) lim
h 0
h
t
sin6h
e) lim
h  0 6h

4
f) lim
x 0
sin t
t
sin7x
3x
42. Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to show that f  x   x 3  x takes on a value of 9 for some x in [1, 2]
43. Show that g  t   t 2 tant takes on a value of
1
for some t in
2
 
0, 4 


1
in [0, 1] containing a root of x 5  5x  1  0
4
45. For each of the following, draw the graph of a function f  x  on [0, 4] with the given property
a) Jump discontinuity at x  2 and does not satisfy the conclusion of the IVT
b) Jump discontinuity at x  2 , yet does satisfy the conclusion of the IVT on [0, 4]
c) Infinite one-sided limits at x  2 and does not satisfy the conclusion of the IVT
44. Find an interval of length
46. Find each derivative
a) y  ln x 
b) y  ln  x 3  3x  1
e) y  ln ln x 
f) y  5x
2
c) y  ln  sint  1
g) y  log 2 x
d) y 
h) y  log 5 x x 3
47. Find an equation of the tangent line at the point indicated
c) f  x   5x
a) f  x   4 x , x  3
b) s t   37t , t  2
d) s t   ln  8  4t  , t  1
e) f  x   log5 x , x  2
2
2 x 9
, x 1
48. Find each derivative using logarithmic differentiation
a) y   x  2 x  4 
x  x  1
3
b) y 
c) y  2x  1  4 x 2  x  9
 3x  1 
2
49. Calculate the first and second derivatives
a) y   x 2  x  x 3  1
b) y  2x  ex
50. Calculate the derivative indicated
a) f  x   x 4
d) x  t

3
4
f  4  1
b) y  4t 3  3t 2
d4 x
dt 4 t 16
e) g  x  
x
x 1
d2y
dt 2 t 1
g'' 1
c) h  x   x
h'''  9 
ln x
x
51. For the following three graphs, determine which is f, f’, and f’’
52. Calculate the 2nd derivative
a) f  x   3sin x  4cos x
b) g     sin
53. Calculate the first five derivatives of f  x   cos x . Then determine f  8  and f  37 .
54. Find each derivative with respect to x
a) x2 y  2xy2  x  y
b) x2 y  y 4  3x  8
d) sin  x  y   x  cos y
e) xey  2xy  y3
55. Find
dy
2
2
at the given point:  x  2  6 2y  3  3
dx
c) y 
1,
 1
2
2
x
1
y
56. Find an equation of the tangent line at the given point
a) xy  2y  1
 3, 1
1, 1
b) x 3  y 3  2
57. Show that no point on the graph of x2  3xy  y2  1 has a horizontal tangent.
58. Find g '  b  , where g is the inverse of f
a) f  x   x  cos x , b  1
c) f  x  
b) f  x   x 2  6 x , for x  0 , b  4
1
1
, b
x 1
4
59. Find the derivative at the point indicated
1
1
a) y  tan1 x , x 
b) y  arccos  4 x  , x 
2
5
60. Find the derivative
x
a) y  arctan  
3
b) y  sec1 t  1
c) y  ecos
1
x
1
d) y  x sin
x
61. Find the rate of change of the area of a square with respect to the length of its side s when s  3 and s  5
62. Find
dV
, where V is the volume of a cylinder, whose height is equal to its radius
dr
63.
a) Estimate the average velocity over 0.5, 1
b) Is the average velocity greater over 1, 2 or 2, 3 ?
c) At what time is the velocity at a maximum?
d) Match the description with its corresponding interval:
I – Velocity increasing
A - 0, 0.5
II – Velocity decreasing
III – Velocity negative
IV – Average Velocity of 50 km/hr
B - 0, 1
C - 1.5, 2
D - 2.5, 3
64. A stone is tossed vertically upward with an initial velocity of 25 ft/s from the top of a 30-ft building
a) What is the height of the stone after 0.25 seconds?
b) Find the velocity of the stone after 1 second.
c) When does the stone hit the ground?
65. The temperature of an object (in degrees Fahrenheit) as a function of time (in minutes) is
3
T t   t 2  30t  340 for 0  t  20 . At what rate does the object cool after 10 minutes?
4
66. The position of a particle moving in a straight line during a 5 second trip is s  t   t 2  t  10 cm.
a) What is the average velocity for the entire trip?
b) Is there a time at which the instantaneous velocity is equal to this average velocity? If so, find it.
67. The height (in feet) of a helicopter at time t (in minutes) is s t   3t 3  400t for 0  t  10 .
a) Plot the graphs of height s t  and velocity v t  .
b) Find the velocity at t  6 and t  7
c) Find the maximum height of the helicopter
68. Find the acceleration at time t  5 min of helicopter whose height (in feet) is h t   3t 3  400t Plot the
acceleration h '' t  for 0  t  6 . How does this graph show that the helicopter is slowing down during
this time interval?
69. Determine which graph represents f  t  , f '  t  ,
and f ''  t 
70. Determine which graph represents f  t  , f '  t  ,
and f ''  t 
71. An object is tossed into the air. It’s position (in feet), at time t (in seconds), is given as: s t   144t  16t 2
a) What is the average velocity of the object during the first 4 seconds?
b) What is the object’s velocity when it hits the ground?
c) What is the object’s velocity at t  7 seconds?
d) How high is the object at t  7 seconds?
e) How far has the object traveled at t  7 seconds?
f) What is the maximum height attained by the object?
g) What is the speed of the object at t  5 seconds?
h) What is the acceleration of the object at t  5 seconds?
RELATED RATES
72. Consider a rectangular bathtub whose base is 18 ft2.
a) How fast is the water level rising if water is filling the tub at a rate of 0.7 ft3/min?
b) At what rate is water pouring into the tub if the water level rises at a rate of 0.8 ft/min?
73. The radius of a circular oil slick expands at a rate of 2 m/min.
a) How fast is the area of the oil slick increasing when the radius is 25 m?
b) If the radius is 0 at time t  0 , how fast is the area increasing after 3 min?
74. Assume that the radius of a sphere is expanding at a rate of 14 in/min.
The volume of the sphere is V  4 3  r 3 and its surface area is S  4 r 2 .
a) Find the rate at which the volume is changing with respect to time when r  8 in
b) Find the rate at which the volume is changing with respect to time at t  2 , given that r  0 at t  0
c) Find the rate at which the surface area is changing when the radius is r  8 in
d) Find the rate at which the SA is changing with respect to time at t  2 , assuming that r  3 at t  0
75. A conical tank has height 3 m and radius 2 m at the top. Water flows in at a rate of 2 m3/min.
a) How fast is the water level rising when it is 2 m?
b) Now assume that the water level is rising at a rate of 0.3 m/min when it is 2 m. At what rate is the
water flowing in?
76. At a given moment, a plane passes directly above a radar station at an altitude of 6 miles.
a) If the plane’s speed is 500 mph, how fast is the distance between the plane and the station changing
half an hour later?
b) How fast is the distance between the plane and the station changing when the plane passes directly
above the station?
77. A hot air balloon rising vertically is tracked by an observer located 2 miles from the lift-off point. At a certain
moment, the angle between the observer’s line of sight and the horizontal is  5 , and it is changing at a rate
of 0.2 rad/min. How fast is the balloon rising at this moment?
78. A 16-ft ladder is sliding down a wall. The variable h is the height of the ladder’s top at time t, and x is the
distance from the wall to the base of the ladder.
a) Assume the bottom slides away from the wall at a rate of 3 ft/s. Find the velocity of the top of the
ladder at t  2 if the base is 5 ft from the wall at t  0.
b) Suppose that the top is sliding down the wall at a rate of 4 ft/s. Calculate dx dt when h  12 .
c) Suppose that h  0   12 and the top slides down the wall at a rate of 4 ft/s. Calculate dx dt at t  2 s.
79. The radius r of a right circular cone of fixed height h  20 cm is increasing at a rate of 2 cm/s. How fast is
the volume increasing when r  10 ?
80. Suppose that both the radius r and the height h of a circular cone change at a rate of 2 cm/s. How fast is
the volume of the cone increasing when r  10 and h  20 ?
81. A road perpendicular to a highway leads to a farmhouse located 1 mile away from the road. An automobile
travels past the farmhouse at a speed of 60 mph. How fast is the distance between the automobile and the
farmhouse increasing when the automobile is 3 miles past the intersection of the highway and the road?
82. Sonya and Isaac are in motorboats located at the center of a lake. At time t  0 , Sonya begins traveling south
at a speed of 32 mph. At the same time, Isaac takes off, heading east at a speed of 27 mph.
a) At what rate is the distance between them increasing at t  12 min?
b) Now assume that Sonya begins moving 1 minute after Isaac takes off. Find the rate at which the
distance between them is increasing 12 min after Isaac takes off.
83. A 6-ft man walks away from a 15-ft lamppost at a speed of 3 ft/s. Find the rate at which his shadow is
increasing in length.
84. A searchlight rotates at a rate of 3 revolutions per minute. The beam hits a wall located 10 miles away and
produces a dot of light that moves horizontally along the wall. How fast is this dot moving when the angle 
between the beam and the line through the searchlight perpendicular to the wall is  6 ?
85. A rocket travels vertically at a speed of 800 mph. The rocket is tracked through a telescope by an observer
located 10 miles from the launching pad. Find the rate at which the angle between the telescope and the
ground is increasing 3 min after lift-off.
86. A baseball player runs from home plate towards first base at 20 ft/s. How fast is the player’s distance from
second base changing when the player is halfway to first base?
APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES
87. Using the following graph…
a) How many critical points does f  x  have?
b) What is the maximum value of f  x  on  0, 8  ?
c) What are the local maximum values of f  x  ?
d) Find a closed interval on which both the minimum and maximum
values of f  x  occur at critical points.
e) Find an interval on which the minimum value occurs at an endpoint.
88. Find all critical points of the function
9
a) f  x   x 3  x 2  54 x  2
2
b) f  x  
x
x 1
2
c) f  x   x
1
3
89. Let f  x   x 2  4 x  1
a) Find the critical point c of f  x  and compute f  c 
b) Compute the value of f  x  at the endpoints of the interval  0, 4 
c) Determine the min and max of f  x  on  0, 4 
d) Find the extreme values of f  x  on 0, 1
90. Find the maximum and minimum values of the function on the given interval
a) y  2x2  4 x  2 ,  0, 3
b) y  x 3  3x2  9x  2 ,  4, 4 
d) y  x  x2  2 x ,  0, 4 
c) y  x 
 
e) y  sin x cos x , 0, 
 2
4x
,  0, 3
x 1
91. Let f  x   3x  x 3 . Check that f  2   f 1 . What may we conclude from Rolle’s Theorem?
Verify this conclusion.
92. Verify Rolle’s Theorem for the given interval
x2
1 
a) f  x   x  x 1 ,  , 2
b) f  x  
, 3, 5
8 x  15
2 
x3 x2
  x  1 has at most one real root.
6 2
94. Find a point c satisfying the conclusion of the MVT for the given function and interval
x
a) y   x  1 x  3 , 1, 3
b) y 
, 3, 6
x 1
c) y  x ln x , 1, 2
d) y  e2x ,  0, 3
93. Use Rolle’s Theorem to prove that f  x  
95. Find the critical points and the intervals on which the function is increasing or decreasing, and apply the
First Derivative Test to each critical point.
1
a) y  2  1
b) y  x  e x
x
96.
a) Determine the intervals on which f '  x  is positive and
negative, assuming that the figure is the graph of f  x 
b) Determine the intervals on which f  x  is increasing or
decreasing, assuming that the figure is the graph of f '  x 
97.
The figure shows the graph of the derivative f '  x  of a
function f  x  . Find the critical points of f  x  and determine
whether they are local minima, maxima, or neither.
a) If the figure represents the graph of a function f  x  , where
98.
do the points of inflection of f  x  occur, and on which
interval is f  x  concave down?
b) If the figure represents the graph of f '  x  , where do the
points of inflection of f  x  occur, and on which interval is
f  x  concave down?
c) If the figure represents the graph of f ''  x  , where do the
points of inflection of f  x  occur, and on which interval is
f  x  concave down?
99. Determine the intervals on which the function is concave up or down and find the points of inflection:
1
a) y  x2  7x  10
b) y  x x  8 x
c) y  2
x 3


100. The figure shows the graph of the derivative of a function on 0, 1.2 .
Locate the points of inflection of f  x  and the points where the local
minima and maxima occur. Determine the intervals on which f  x 
has the following properties:
a) Increasing
b) Decreasing
c) Concave Up
d) Concave Down
101. Find the critical points of f  x  and use the Second Derivative Test to determine whether each
corresponds to a local minimum or maximum
a) f  x   x 5  x 3
b) f  x   xe x
2
102. Find the intervals on which f  x  is concave up or down, the points of inflection, and the critical points, and
determine whether each critical point corresponds to a local minimum or maximum (or neither)
1
a) f  x   x 3  2x 2  x
b) f t   2
t 1
103. Sketch the graph of a function f  x  satisfying all of the given conditions
a) f '  x   0 and f ''  x   0 for all x
b) f '  x   0 for all x, and f ''  x   0 for x  0 and f ''  x   0 for x  0
104. Sketch the graph of the function. Indicate the local extrema, points of inflection, and asymptotes
1
a) y  4  2x 2  x 4
b) y  6x 7  7x 6
c) y  x  x
6
x 3
1
d) y  4 x  ln x
e) f) y 
f) y  sin x  x , over the interval 0, 2 
x 2
2
105. Find positive numbers x and y, such that xy  16 and x  y is as small as possible
106. Suppose that 600 ft of fencing are used to enclose a corral in the shape of a rectangle with a semicircle
whose diameter is a side of the rectangle. Find the dimensions of the corral with the maximum area.
107. A landscape architect wishes to enclose a rectangular garden on one side by a brick wall costing $30/ft and
on the other three sides by a metal fence costing $10/ft. If the area of the garden is 1000 ft2, find the
dimensions of the garden that minimize the cost.
108. A box is constructed out of two different types of metal. The metal for the top and bottom, which are both
square, costs $1/ft2 and the metal for the sides costs $2/ft2. Find the dimensions that minimize cost if the
box has a volume of 20 ft3.
109. Consider a rectangular industrial warehouse consisting of three separate spaces of equal size. Assume that
the wall materials cost $200 per linear ft and the company allocates $2,400,000 for the project.
a) Which dimensions maximize the total area of the warehouse?
b) What is the area of each compartment in this case?
110. According to postal regulations, a carton is classified as “oversized” if the sum of its height and girth (the
perimeter of its base) exceeds 108 in. Find the dimensions of a carton with square base that is not oversized
and has maximum volume.
111. A piece of cardboard has sides of length 15 and 24. A box (with no top) is to be constructed from the piece of
cardboard by cutting out squares of length h from the corners and folding up the sides. Find the value of h
that maximizes the volume of the box.
112. A poster of area 6 ft2 has blank margins of width 6 in on the top and bottom and 4 in on the sides. Find the
dimensions that maximize the printed area.
113. Janice can swim 3 mph and run 8 mph. She is standing at one bank of a river that is 300 ft wide and wants to
reach a point located 200 ft downstream on the other side as quickly as possible. She will swim diagonally
across the river and then jog along the river bank. Find the best route for Janice to take.
114. A rectangular plot of land has dimensions 100 ft by 200 ft. Pipe is to be laid starting at the southwest corner
and ending at some point along the northern edge, then continuing to the northeast corner. The cost of
laying pipe through the lot is $30/ft (since it must be installed underground) and the cost along the side of
the lot is $15/ft. What is the most economical way to lay the pipe?
115. Evaluate each limit using L’Hospital’s Rule:
6 x 3  13x 2  9 x  2
x2
a) lim
b)
lim
x 1 6 x 3  x 2  5x  2
x  0 1  cos x
sin4 x
tan x
e) lim
f) lim
x 0 sin3x
x 0
x
x ln x  1  1
sin x  x cos x
i) lim
j) lim
x 1  x  1  ln x
x 0
x  sin x
m) lim e  x  x 3  x 2  9 
x 
n) lim  sin x ln x 
x 0
x
x  e x
7x 2  4 x
g) lim
x  9  3 x 2
ex  e
k) lim
x 1 ln x
c) lim
x2
x  e x
3x 3  4 x 2
h) lim
x  4 x 3  7
cos x
l) lim
 sin 2 x
 
x
d) lim
2
INTEGRALS
116. Compute R6, L6, and M3 to estimate the distance traveled over  0, 3 if the velocity at half-second
intervals is as follows:
t (s)
v (ft/s)
0
0
0.5
12
1
18
1.5
25
2
20
2.5
14
3
20
117. Estimate R6, L6, and M6 over 0, 1.5
for the function given in the figure.
118. Calculate the approximation for the given function and interval:
a) R6, f  x   2x 2  x  2 , 1, 4
b) L5, f  x   x 1 , 1, 2
c) M6, f  x   ln x , 1, 2
119. Calculate TN for the value of N indicated:
4
a)
4
3
 x dx , N  6
b)
1
dx
, N 6
x
1

120. In the figure, which of (A) or (B) is the graph of an antiderivative of f  x  ?
121. Evaluate each indefinite integral
a)
t
e)

9
5
dt
t 7
t
dt
b)
 2dx
f)
  4sin x  3cos x  dx
c)
3
z
5
dz
d)
g)
  cos x  e  dx

x  x  1 dx
x
122. First find f ' and then find f
a) f ''  x   x
f '  0   1, f  0   0
b) f ''    cos
 
f '    1,
2
 
f  6
2
123. A particle moves along the x-axis with velocity v t   25t  t 2 ft/sec. Let s t  be the position at time t.
a) Find s t  , assuming that the particle is located at x  5 at time t  0
b) Find s t  , assuming that the particle is located at x  5 at time t  2
124. Draw a graph of the signed area represented by the integral and compute it using geometry:
1
a)
5
  3x  4  dx
b)
2

3
25  x 2 dx
c)
 x dx
2
0
125. Evaluate each of the following integrals for f  x  shown in the figure
2
6
 f  x  dx
a)
b)
0
0
4
c)
6
 f  x  dx
d)
5
0
3
 f  x  dx
1
1
3
 f  x  dx
126. Evaluate  g  t  dt and  g  t  dt
127. Evaluate each integral, given the following:
5
 f  x  dx  5
0
5
 g  x  dx  12
0
5
a)
5
  f  x   4g  x   dx
b)
0
  3 f  x   5g  x   dx
0
128. Evaluate each integral, given the following:
1
 f  x  dx  1
0
2
 f  x  dx
 f  x  dx  7
0
4
a)
4
 f  x  dx  4
1
2
b)
0
1
 f  x  dx
c)
1
0
x
  3x  2e  dx
3
b)
2
27
f)

1
t 1
t
dt
c)
1
g)

4t
3
2
t

h)
cos xdx
7
2

4
dt
 sec tdt
2
x
130. Let G  x     t 2  2  dt .
1
a) What is G 1 ?
b) Use FTC to find G ' 1 and G ' 2 .
c) Find a formula for G  x  and use it to verify your answers to (a) and (b)
 
131. Find G 1 , G '  0  , and G '   where G  x    tan tdt
4
1
x
d)
1
1 t 2 dt
27
i)

2
x
e)

x dx
1
3
dx
1
1
4
0
2
 f  x  dx
2
3
2


1
3
2
 t  t  dt

d)
4
129. Evaluate each integral:
a)
4
 f  x  dx
j)
3
 csc x cot xdx

6
x
du
u 1
2
132. Find H  2  and H '  2  where H  x   
133. Calculate each derivative:
x
d
a)
t 3  t  dt


dx 0
2
t
d
b)
 cos 5xdx
dt 100
x
134. Let A  x    f  t  dt for f  x  shown in the figure. Calculate A 2 , A  3 , A ' 2 , and A '  3 .
0
Then find a piecewise function for A  x  .
x3
135. Find G '  x  , where G  x    tantdt
3
136. Calculate each derivative:
x2
d
a)
sin2 tdt

dx 0
d
b)
ds
cos s
 u
6
4
 3u  du
0
d
c)
sin2 tdt

dx x3
x
137.
Let A  x    f  t  dt , with f  x  shown in the figure.
0
a) Does A  x  have a local maximum at P?
b) Where does A  x  have a local minimum?
c) Where does A  x  have a local maximum?
d) True or False: A  x   0 for all x in the interval shown.
x
138.
Let A  x    f  t  dt , with f  x  shown in the figure.
0
Determine:
a) The intervals on which A  x  is increasing or
decreasing
b) The values of x where A  x  has a local min or max
c) The inflection points of A  x 
d) The intervals where A  x  is concave up or concave
down
139. Water flows into an empty reservoir at a rate of 3000  5t gal/hr. What is the quantity of water in the
reservoir after 5 hours?
140. A population of insects increases at a rate of 200  10t  0.25t 2 insects per day. Find the insect population
after 3 days, assuming that there are 35 insects at t  0 .
141. A factory produces bicycles at a rate of 95  0.1t 2  t bicycles per week (t in weeks). How many bicycles
were produced from day 8 to day 21?
142. A cat falls from a tree (with zero initial velocity) at time t  0 . How far does the cat fall between t  0.5
and t  1 s?
143. Assume that a particle moves in a straight line with the given velocity. Find the total displacement and
total distance traveled over the time interval.
a) 12  4t ft/s  0, 5
b) t 2  1 m/s 0.5, 2
t2
144. Let a  t  be the acceleration of an object in linear motion at time t. Explain why  a  t  dt is the net change
t1
in velocity over t1 , t2  . Find the net change in velocity over 1, 6 if a t   24t  3t 2 ft/sec2.
145. Evaluate each indefinite integral
a)
  4 x  3 dx
b)
e)
 x x
f)
 tan3xdx
k)
 x ln x
j)
4
3

 1 2 dx
3
2
e x dx
e
x
 1
4
2
 x x  4dx
2x 2  x

dx
d)
  3x  9 
 1  sin2x 
dx
i)
 sec
c)

h)
 4 x  3x
3
2 2
cos2 x
2
10
2
dx
xdx
dx
146. Evaluate each definite integral
2
a)

5 x  6dx
1
1
d)
x 3
2
  tan   d
2
0
b)

0  x  6 x  1

2
17
3
c)
dx
  x  9
2
3
dx
10



e)  cos  3x   dx
2

0
2
f)
4
 tan
2
x sec2 xdx
0
147. Find the area between y  ex and y  e2x over 0, 1
148. Find the area of the shaded region:
149. Find the area of the region lying to the right of x  y2  4y  22 and to the left of x  3  y2
150. Sketch the region enclosed by the curves and compute its area as an integral along the x- or y-axis:
x
a) y  3x 3
b) x  12  y
xy
x  2y
y
y 4x
3
2
c) x  2y
d) y  6
x  1   y  1
y  x 2  x2 (in the region x  0 )
151. Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region under the graph of the function about the
x-axis over the given interval:
a) f  x   x 2  3x
c) f  x  
2
x 1
0, 3
1, 3
b) f  x   x
5
3
1, 8
152. Sketch the region enclosed by the curves. Then find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the
region about the x-axis.
a) y  x 2  2
b) y  16  x
y  3x  12
y  10  x2
x  1
153. Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region enclosed by the graphs about the y-axis over
the given interval:
x 0
a) x  y
b) x  y2
x y
0  y 1
1 y  4
154. Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region enclosed by the graphs about the given axis:
x 0
a) y  16  x
about the y-axis
y  3x  12
9
1
5
b) y  2
about the x-axis
c) y 
about the y-axis
y x
y  10  x2
2
x
x
155.
Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating region A in
the figure about the given axis:
a) x-axis
b) y  2
c) y  2
d) y-axis
e) x  3
f) x  2
Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating region B in the
figure about the given axis:
g) x-axis
h) y  2
i) y  6
j) y-axis
156. Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region enclosed by the graphs about the given axis:
x 0
a) y  x2
about y  2
y  12  x
b) y  e x
y  1  e x
about y  4
x 0
157. Use the Shell Method to calculate the volume of the solids obtained by rotating the region enclosed by the
graphs of the functions about the y-axis:
x 0
a) y  x2
b) y  x
y  8  x2
y  x2
158. Use the Shell Method to calculate the volume of rotation about the x-axis for the region underneath
the graph: y  x 2 , 2  x  4
159. Use both Shell and Disk Methods to calculate the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region
under the graph of f  x   8  x 3 for 0  x  2 about:
a) the x-axis
b) the y-axis
160. Find the volume of the solid with given base and cross sections:
a) The base is the unit circle x2  y2  1 and the cross sections perpendicular to the x-axis are triangles whose
height and base are equal
b) The base is the semicircle y  9  x 2 , where 3  x  3 . The cross sections perp to the x-axis are squares
c) The base is the region enclosed by y  x2 and y  3 . The cross sections perp to the y-axis are squares
161. Calculate the average value over the given interval:
a) f  x   x 3
b) f  s   s2
0, 1
c) f  x   2x 3  3x 2
1, 3
d) f  x  
1
x 1
2
2, 5
1, 1
 
162. The temperature T  t  at time t (in hours) in an art museum varies according to T t   70  5cos  t  .
 12 
Find the average over the time periods 0, 24 and 2, 6 .
163. The acceleration of a particle is a  t   t  t 3 m/s2 for 0  t  1 . Compute the average acceleration and
average velocity over the time interval 0, 1 , assuming that the particle’s initial velocity is zero.