Stakeholder
Requirements
Stakeholder
Requirements
Define Requirements
Create Solution Concept
Optimise Solution Concept
Determine
Requirements
Integration
and Test
Requirements
Create Solution
Concept
Verify Solution Concept
Influence
(Mainly
Military)
Demand
Supply
Influence
Friends
Competitors
Users
Requirements-concept solution Verification
and determine sub -system requirements
Structured Textual Analysis
Project:
Author:
Requirements
Context:
As per RR
Capture expressed
Stakeholder
Requirements and
analyse to deduce
missing requirements
collect
grass
cuttings
cut grass
Durable
5
Reliable
4
Cleans easily
2
Maintainable
5
Wipe clean
Card reader
Containment
Display
Coin handling
Sine wave response (0.1Hz)
2
39 82 58 139 126 50 18
Wear
over
Time
9
9
Caliper
Length
4
4
9
Dimensional
9
Environment
Customer Usage
Water
Vehicle Vehicle Road
load
speed condition
System: Washing Machine
D
Contam.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FAILURE
4
4
9
133
16
72
1
126
1
36
4
9
9
65
81
81
Function Means
Analysis
Correlate and cross check
requirements for completeness
and consistency
Identify means of
achieving functionality
Architecture Modelling
1
0
-1
-3
0
Determine and model system
physical architecture
0
3
3
2
2.5
2
1.5
Ultrasonic
Cleaning
Clean
Clothes by
Washing
Machine
Dry
Cleaning
CI
3
108
UNDERLOAD
POOR WASH
USER ERROR
4
4
3
48
EXTREME MIX OF
LOAD
POSSIBLE COLOUR
RUN
EXTREMES NOT
IDENTIFIED
8
8
3
96
FABRIC SHRINK
EXTREMES NOT
IDENTIFIED
4
8
3
96
POOR WASH
ITEM OF CLOTHING
NOT INDENTIFIED
4
8
3
96
INCORRECT LOAD
MAKE UP
INDENTIFIED
COMMENTS
POSSIBLE COLOUR
RUN
FABRIC SHRINK
Reliability Model
Determine failure
DFMEA modes & mechanisms
Update QFD 2
Update QFD 2 chart
with robust optimum
design parameter
settings
4
6
Time (seconds)
8
10
0
0
2
4
6
Time (seconds)
8
10
-3
0
Material
cost
WEATHER
Manage
Requirements
Supportability Assessment
2
4
6
Time (seconds)
8
10
SEEDS
PURCHASE
1
FERTILIZER
Criteria
M’fcture
cost
Time to
produce
Reliability Safety
Load
carrying
0.20
0.05
0.25
0.3
0.1
80%
80%
90%
80%
90%
4
22.5
90%
80%
4.5
22.5
9
90%
16
90%
9
90%
18
24
Use models or physical designed experiments to characterise the
transfer function and thereby robustness of the product design.
Use DFMEA to determine and prioritise failure modes
Overall
Satisfaction
1.0
9
84.5
9
86.5
90%
24
80%
50%
75%
80%
80%
Determine design reliability
Assess supportability through predicted
reliability and operational analysis
0
-2
0.5
2
1
Fault Tree Analysis
Develop Realization System
Determine how the System
Solution is going to be realized
PURC
HASE
D_
FERT
ILIZE
R
SO
IL
PURCH
ASED_S
EEDS
PLANTS
CULTIVATE
PURCHA
SED_HE
ALTH_IT
DIAGRAM 0
2
W
EMS
CO
M
PO
AT
ER
PICK
VEGETABLE
ST
VEGETABLES
3
COMPOST
6
STORE
HOME_GROWN
_SEED
5
N
EE TE
GR AS
_W EXTRACT
SEED
4
HOME_GROWN
_SEED
80%
Cast hook
10
10
3.7
20
24
8
75.7
Combined
Dishwasher
Steam
Cleaning
DIAGRAM 0
PURCHA
SED_HE
ALTH_ITEM
2
W
S
CO
M
PO
AT
ER
PICK
VEGETABLE
ST
VEGETABLES
3
COMPOST
6
STORE
HOME_GROWN
_SEED
5
N
EE TE
GR AS
_W EXTRACT
SEED
4
Assess the functional sensitivity
and potential functional failure
modes to identify potential
emergent functionality and risk
Needs Means
Analysis
Functional Modelling
Assess potential
meta-solutions to
stakeholder needs
Develop a functional model of
the system Y= f(x) to identify
logical interfaces and
Functional dependencies
Output
Viewpoint: Function
Input
Receiving
Function
ABC
X
DEF
X
IJK
Y
IJK
S
LMN
Severity of Occurrence
O
Probability of Occurrence
PQR
D
Probability of Detection
System: Washing Machine
Criticality Index
Date...............................
.
No: ....
Author: ..........................
Issue
Checked: .......................
...........
CI = SOD
Subsystem: ......................................
CHARACTERISTICS OF FAILURE
INDEX
FUNCTION
MODE
LOAD DIRTY CLOTHES
DETERMINE LOAD MAKE
UP
EFFECTS
CAUSE
O
S
D
CI
OVERLOAD
POOR WASH
USER ERROR
6
6
3
108
UNDERLOAD
POOR WASH
USER ERROR
4
4
3
48
EXTREME MIX OF
LOAD
POSSIBLE COLOUR
RUN
EXTREMES NOT
IDENTIFIED
8
8
3
96
FABRIC SHRINK
EXTREMES NOT
IDENTIFIED
4
8
3
96
POOR WASH
ITEM OF CLOTHING
NOT INDENTIFIED
4
8
3
96
INCORRECT LOAD
MAKE UP
INDENTIFIED
POSSIBLE COLOUR
RUN
FABRIC SHRINK
COMMENTS
Pugh/Decision Matrix
Function Means
Analysis
HOME_GROWN
_SEED
Generate
acceptance
criteria
ELIZATION
FUNCTION
ELIZATION
FUNCTION
ELIZATION
FUNCTION
ELIZATION
FUNCTION
ELIZATION
FUNCTION
ELIZATION
FUNCTION
ELIZATION
FUNCTION
Nanobots
PLANTS
STOR
ED_H
OM
_GRO
W N_SE E
ED
House
Integrated
System
Disposable
Clothes
PURCHA
SED_SE
EDS
...........
D
6
CULTIVATE
HEALTH_ITEMS
Cleaning
Service
Sensitivity & Failure Analysis
IL
SO
S
6
-1
ES
1
FERTILIZER
ILIZE
R
O
USER ERROR
0
IC
ET
CU
RR
EN
T_
PR
BUDG
PURCHASE
FERT
CAUSE
POOR WASH
Quantitative Robustness Analysis
Built-up
plates
riveted
PURC
HASE
D_
DETERMINE LOAD MAKE
UP
EFFECTS
OVERLOAD
Ramp response (0.1Hz)
3.5
1
-2
Weighting 0.10
Schemes
Built-up
90%
plates
welded
SEEDS
LOAD DIRTY CLOTHES
279
0
Issue
Checked: .......................
INDEX
FUNCTION
88
4
Author: ..........................
Probability of Detection
Subsystem: ......................................
Temp
ET
Quality Function Deployment 1
Determine system
functionality (Y = f)
and structure
Step input response
3
Measured volts
Viewpoint Analysis
Pad area
Material Surface
Properties Finish
9
No: ....
Based on an existing or “in current” development product, for
each phase, identify the critical design parameters and noise
variables using P-diagrams, What Why Tables and DFMEA
Technical competitive
assessment
Importance Weighting
Stakeholder
Requirements
Assess degree of natural functional
binding and coupling to identify
natural Architecture
drive and
manoeuvre
self
monitor
4
Date...............................
.
Qualitative Robustness and Critical Parameter Analysis
N2 Analysis
x
Assy
CI = SOD
3 min
min ingress
Coin/card/credit
5
Target values
cutting
sense
lawn state
4
3
x
95%
validation
All standard
500k inserts
Operation
Features
sense
obstacles
maintenance
supply
power
navigation
determine
position
learning
cutting
process
user
interaction
Easy to use
Multi-language
luminosity
po
Design
rta
nc Requirements
e to
Cu
sto
Customer
me
r
Requirements
Intelligent
Lawn mower
supply
machine
Optional Lan
Im
Identify Stakeholders
and Elicit requirements
internal
management
x
x
Mfg
Rotor
thickness
81
Pad Material
Caliper Type
Rotor Thickness
Pad Area
1kN shock
Non Functional
Implementation
Requirement
Number entry
Non Functional
Performance
Requirement
Stopping
Distance
Raw Mat'l
Criticality Index
MODE
Output Y
Z
Control
Factor
Force on
Brake Pedal
Non functional System Requirements:
Functional
Requirement
Control
Factors
Braking
System
Operational Requirement:
European
Arabic
16 max
1M ops
Gather
Requirements
M
Signal
Factor
Severity of Occurrence
Probability of Occurrence
WEATHER
Fuel Suppliers
Systemic Textual
Analysis
S
O
ES
Shareholders
& Funders
Technology
Transfer
External Variation
IC
Require
Sub System
Requirements
Sub System
Requirements
Deterioration
Viewpoint: Function
Influence
on Output
STOR
ED_H
OME
_GRO
WN_S
EED
Demand
Unit to Unit Variation
Noise
Factors
NT
_P
R
Orders
Operators
Supply
N
Noise
Factor
CU
RR
E
Demand Immediate Profit,
Provide Funding
Orders
Gov’t et al
Quality Function Deployment2
BUDG
Pressure Groups
Measured volts
Influence
Verify Solution
Concept
Verify Solution
Concept
HEALTH_ITEMS
Analyse
Requirements
Impose Restrictions
Rolls-Royce
Test Bed,
Fuel Dev’t
Measured volts
Access to Market,
Requirements, Orders
Airframe
Manufacturers
Integration
and Test
Requirements
Create Solution
Concept
Optimise
Solution
Concept
Optimise
Solution
Concept
Road Condition
Vehicle Load
Temperature
Wear Over Time
Vehicle Speed
Determine
Requirements
Evaluate whole concepts
against CTQs for further
down-selection
Determination of whole
concept solutions
Parameter & Tolerance
Design to find robust optimum
Use qualitative models to explore solution space
to find robust optimum and thereby determine
design parameter settings and tolerances
Acceptance
Test Spec
© Burge Hughes Walsh 2009
Quality
Function
Deployment 3
CRITICAL DESIGN
PARAMETER
CRITICAL DESIGN
PARAMETER
CRITICAL DESIGN
PARAMETER
CRITICAL DESIGN
PARAMETER
CRITICAL DESIGN
PARAMETER
CRITICAL DESIGN
PARAMETER
Check that System Solution is
realizable and determine critical
realization parameters
Sub-System
Requirements
123.456
123.456
123.456
123.456
Update QFD 2
Update QFD 2 chart
with robust optimum
design parameter
settings
Test
Specifications