Departamento de Educación Física
IES Juan Gris
UNIT 7: BASKETBALL
Check it out.....
Do you know that the first ball used in a game of basketball was actually a soccer ball?
Or that the three-point shot were established in 1986.
BASIC VOCABULARY
Actions:
 To bounce: botar
 To dribble: botar avanzando
 To pass: pasar
 To shoot: tirar
 To slam: machacar
 To defend: defender
 To attack: atacar
 To score: anotar
Elements of the game:
 The ball: la pelota
 The court: la cancha
 The hoop: el aro
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 The backboard: el tablero
 The lines: las líneas
 The key: la zona
 A tie: un empate
Fouls and violations
 Personal foul: falta personal
 Offensive foul: falta en ataque
 Technical foul: falta técnica
 Traveling: pasos
 Double dribble: dobles
 3/5/8/24 seconds violation: falta de
3/5/8/24 segundos.
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Departamento de Educación Física
IES Juan Gris
BASIC RULES:
- Basketball players play with a ball on a court dribbling, passing, and shooting.
-There are two teams of five players on the court.
-They score points when a player shoots the ball through the hoop.
-Scoring a basket is worth two or three points depending on where the shot is taken from.
A free throw is worth one point each.
-A basketball game has four quarters.
-The length of each quarter has 10 minutes.
-Play starts with a “jump ball” at the center of the court. At halftime, teams switch sides.
-Each team has a number of time-outs per half.
If a game ends in a tie, teams usually play overtime periods until one team wins.
THE COURT AND PLAYERS´POSITIONS:
-Each player is assigned a position when playing. This position is usually determined by the
height of the player.
-Teams usually have: two guards, two forwards, and one center.
-The tallest person usually plays “center”, while the medium size ones play “forwards”.
-The shortest players then play “guards”.
VIOLATIONS:
-A violation occurs when the player infract the rules of Basketball.
-A violation results in the awarding of the ball to the opponents.
-This can happen when a player takes more than two steps without bouncing the ball on the
floor. This is called Travelling.
-Another violation is when a player stops dribbling and then starts dribbling again or bounces
the ball with two hands at once. We call this a Double Dribble.
-You can also commit a violation if move your hand under the ball (past the vertical). This is
called a Carry, as the hand must always remain on the top of the ball.
FOULS:
-A foul is an illegal action that can commit a player from one team to a player from the
adverse team.
-Basketball is generally a non-contact game. If this is not respected, a foul is committed.
-There are two types of fouls:
The first type is called defensive fouls. This occurs when the offensive player is being
fouled by the defender. Defenders should not block, push, trip, strike or hold the player in
possession of the ball.
-The second type is the offensive fouls. For example a player in offense commits an
offensive foul when charging into a stationary defender.
PENALTIES:
-Play stops on all rule violations.
-After a foul is committed and depending on which type of foul it is, one of two things will
happen:
-The opposing team gains possession of the ball, or
-The fouled player takes a free throw.
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Departamento de Educación Física
IES Juan Gris
UNIT 8:
BASEBALL
HOW TO PLAY
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Number of players: The game is played
between two teams, each composed of
nine players, that take turns playing
offense (batting or hitting) and defense
(fielding /defensas or
pitching/atacantes). Players on one
team (the batting team) take turns
hitting against the pitcher on the other
team (the fielding team), which tries to
stop them from scoring runs by getting
batters out in any of several ways.
Duration: The teams switch between
batting and fielding whenever the fielding
team gets three outs. One turn at bat for
each team constitutes an inning; nine innings make up a professional game. The
team with the most runs at the end of the game wins.
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The baseball field: The field has four markers called bases arranged at the corners
of a ninety-foot square, or diamond.
Scoring: The goal of baseball is to score runs /carreras by hitting the ball with a
bat and touching the four markers called bases.
THE PLAYING RULES
The batter waits for the pitcher to throw a pitch (the ball) toward home plate, and
attempts to hit the ball with the bat.
Strike: A strike is called when one of the following happens:
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The batter lets a well-pitched ball (one within the strike zone) go through to the
catcher.
The batter swings at any ball (even one outside the strike zone) and misses.
The batter hits a foul ball—one that either initially lands in foul territory or
initially lands within the diamond but moves into foul territory before passing
first or third base. If there are already two strikes on the batter, a foul ball is
not counted as a third strike; thus, a foul ball cannot result in the immediate
strikeout of the batter.
Ball:
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A ball is called when the pitcher throws a pitch that is outside the strike zone
this is, between the knees and the shoulders, provided the batter has not
swung at it.
A batter may also freely advance to first base if any part of his body or uniform
is struck by a pitch before he either swings at it or it contacts the ground.
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Departamento de Educación Física
IES Juan Gris
Fly:
The flyout:, the batter is out if he hits a ball in the air and a fielder catches it,
whether in fair territory or foul territory, before it lands, whether or not the batter
has run.
There can only be one runner on each base at the same time and a runner on a
base can try to move to another one at any time.
A batter is out when:
The ground out:(Cortar la base) the batter is out if he hits a ball and he can
reach first base, a fielder retrieves it and touches first base while holding the
ball or relays it to another fielder who touches first base while holding the ball.
The tag out: (tocar jugador)a runner is out if s/he is not touching a base and a
fielder touches him with the ball or a glove holding the ball.
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R
RECUERDA QUE TODO LO DICHO EN CLASE, TAMBIÉN
PUEDE ENTRAR EN EL EXAMEN:
POR EJEMPLO: GOLPEO EN BÁDMINTON, ESCALADA,
TENIS DE MESA.....
EXAMEN LA SEMANA DEL 26 AL 30 DE MAYO
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