BTEC National Diploma in Engineering
Unit 35
Principles and Applications of Electronic Devices and Circuits
Qualification BTEC National Diploma in
Engineering
Unit
Unit 53
Electronic Measure and Test
Number
Assessor
Name
Learner Name
Paul Lewis
Achievement at a glance, deadlines given in module weeks, for example P1 should be completed by the 3 rd week of
the module.
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
M1
M2
M3
D1
D2
Year
2
Year
2
Year
2
Year
2
Year
2
Tutor sign and date for each achieved outcome
MW
6
MW
6
MW
12
MW
3
MW
9
MW
12
MW
3
MW
9
Learner sign and date for each submitted outcome
Learner Declaration
I confirm that the work submitted to complete the given tasks is my own. I have indicated where research and other resources have been used to
confirm the conclusions reached within the submission and listed those resources in a bibliography.
Sign………………………………………………… Date………………………………………….
P1 & P2 Part 1
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Explain the purpose of two different types of diode, each in a different electronic circuit
application
Explain the operation of two different types of transistor one in an analogue and one in a digital
circuit
Build and test the H bridge driver circuit shown below on breadboard.
P2 Part 1
Explain the operation of the 4 n channel power MOSFET’s in this circuit. Your explanation should
include:
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A fully labelled diagram of the transistor used to make this circuit
A set of measurements taken from one of the transistor whilst it is conducting to include the
Gate-Source voltage, Drain-Source voltage and the Drain Current. You should include a
schematic showing the test equipment connections and a photograph/video of the test taking
place showing the readings on all 3 instruments
A graph obtained via the data sheet showing the relationship between the Gate-Source voltage,
Drain-Source voltage and Drain current. You should evaluate the data in this graph in relation to
the results obtained from the test described above
P1 Part 1
Explain the operation of the 4 1N4148 diodes in this circuit. Your explanation should include:
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A brief description of the function of a diode using labelled diagrams to show how the
component is operated in forward and reverse bias
The problem caused by switching inductive loads related to theory
How the use of a diode solves this problem
P1 & P2 Part 2


Explain the purpose of two different types of diode, each in a different electronic circuit
application
Explain the operation of two different types of transistor one in an analogue and one in a digital
circuit
Simulate, build and test the rectifier/regulator circuit shown in the schematic below. R2 will be a
resistance box allowing us to test the regulator over a range of electrical loads.
Design and build the circuit on PCB Express. Make sure you include test point to measure:

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The zener current
The transistor base and collector currents
The transistor base-emitter and collector emitter voltages
Build and simulate the circuit in Multisim using oscilloscopes and multimeters as necessary:
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R2 should be set to 1 kΩ. Adjust the value of R2 downwards in steps of 50 ohms and find the
point at which the ripple voltage exceeds 10 mV across R2
Measure the transistor base current, collector current, base emitter voltage, collector emitter
voltage and zener current for each step
Carry out research and:
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
Investigate the function of an NPN transistor
Investigate the function of a zener diode
Investigate the function of a rectifier

Investigate the function of a voltage regulator
Carry out practical measurements on your completed circuit to confirm the results of simulation and:


Explain the purpose of the transistor in this circuit using your results and researched evidence
Explain the purpose of the zener diode in this circuit using your results and researched evidence

Explain the operation of three different logic gates with appropriate gate symbols, truth tables
and Boolean expressions
P3
Investigate the AND, OR and NOT gates for the TTL family and include the following information in a
report
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The ANSI symbol for each gate
The Boolean expression for each gate
A two input truth table for each gate, excepting the NOT gate which only has one input
The range of input high and low voltages which are considered legal
The range of output high and low voltages which are considered legal
A brief written explanation of how each gate functions
P4 Part 1

Build and test two different types of analogue circuit using operational amplifiers
Simulate, build and test the non-inverting amplifier shown in the schematic below.
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Simulate the circuit in MultiSim. Set the function generator to give a 100 mV sine wave with a
frequency of 1 kHz. The power supply should be dual rail set at +_ 12 volts dc
Use screen dumps and cursors to prove that the gain of this circuit is 1 + (R1/R2)
Find the gain bandwidth product (GWP) for the LM741 and calculate the bandwidth of an
amplifier that has a gain of 25
Re-simulate the circuit and prove your calculation
Build the circuit on breadboard
Carry out exactly the same tests you did for the simulations
Contrast and compare your results and relate them to theory then write a short report on this
experiment with the aid of screen dumps and test results.
P4 Part 2

Build and test two different types of analogue circuit using operational amplifiers
Simulate, build and test the comparator circuit shown below
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P5
Simulate the circuit in MultiSim. Set the function generator to give a 100 mV sine wave with a
positive dc offset of 2.5 volts and a frequency of 1 kHz
Use screen dumps and illustrations to briefly explain the operation of the comparator circuit
Experiment with adjusting the values of either R3 or R2. What is the maximum value change you
can have for either resistor with the comparator still switching on and off?
Describe what happens if you swap around the inputs pins 2 & 3?
Build the circuit on breadboard, set the function generator to have a positive dc offset of 2.5
volts with a sine wave of 1.4 volts peak to peak and a frequency of 1 kHz
Carry out the same tests as the simulation and find the maximum value change
Contrast and compare your results and relate them to theory then write a short report on this
experiment with the aid of screen dumps and test results giving 2 examples of where a
comparator might be used in industry

Build and test a combinational logic circuit that has 3 input variables
This outcome is a design exercise using various elements of an electronics logic circuit listed as follows.
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A clock source
74LS93 4 bit Counter
Combinations of AND, OR and NOT gates
A logic analyser
You are to use the components listed to design, build and test a traffic light circuit which follows the
sequence:
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Red
Red + Amber
Green
Amber
Your evidence must include:
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An explanation of how the task was accomplished
A truth table showing the output of the counter and which output states light the relevant LED’s
The Boolean expression required to fully decode one output state e.g. green
A complete circuit diagram
A fully labelled screen dump of the logic analyser showing the entire output of the circuit

Build and test a sequential logic circuit using integrated circuits
P6
Sequential logic is the next step onward from combinational logic. Here you will be asked to build and
test a simple flip flop circuit which is one of the major building blocks upon which many sequential
circuits are based. As usual you will need to include full documentary evidence, a simulation and a brief
evaluation in order to gain the outcome.
Tasks
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Build the circuit on breadboard
Devise a way to drive (switch on and off) both the S and R inputs so that the circuit is taken
through the entire combination of possible input conditions (there should be 4)
Measure Q and Q’ for each input condition and record your results in a truth table
1 of the input states results in an invalid output condition for this circuit, which one is it and can
you explain why?
Compare the truth table for this circuit to that of a JK flip flop
Show how a series of JK flip flops can be linked to make a ripple counter (screen dumps and
simulation)
P7

Use a computer software package to simulate the construction and testing of an analogue circuit
with three different types of components
This requires that you choose either of the op amp circuits for P4 and use Multisim to simulate and
prove the operation of the circuit.
As evidence you should provide:


A fully annotated screen dump of the simulated circuit
Oscilloscope or grapher screen dumps showing the input and output waveforms to and from the
circuit
Task 8 (P8)

Use a computer software package to simulate the construction and testing of a digital logic
circuit with three gates
This requires you test the traffic light circuit using Multisim. This should prove that your design works as
intended and should be completed before the physical construction of the circuit begins.
As evidence you should provide:
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A screen dump of the completed circuit which is fully signposted and annotated as appropriate.
A screen dump of the output of each of the three LED’s compared with the output of the 74LS93
counter. This is best accomplished using the logic analyser in the program

Modify an existing analogue circuit to achieve a revised specification by selecting and changing
the value of one of the components
M1
Using either the non-inverting op amp or the comparator circuit from P4, select and change a
component to achieve a revised specification.
For example the gain of the non-inverting operational amplifier is given as 24.5 for P4. You could choose
a revised specification where the same amplifier requires a gain of 10. You need to show how this can be
achieved, design and test your circuit, measure the results and explain how changing the gain of the
amplifier will impact upon the its bandwidth.
M2

Modify a digital circuit to achieve a revised specification by selecting and changing up to two
logic gates
For the traffic light circuit used for P5, redesign the circuit so that the amber light flashes twice instead
of the Red + Amber combination lighting. You will need:
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A full circuit diagram
An annotated screen dump proving your design works
A truth table
A description of any minimization techniques used

Evaluate and minimise a three input combinational logic circuit containing three gates
M3
To achieve this outcome you are required to modify the original traffic light circuit so that the counter
controls two sets of traffic lights so that for example when one set of traffic lights shows red, the other
shows green thus avoiding crashes and accidents.
You must provide the following:
1. A truth table showing the output states of both sets of traffic light
2.
3.
4.
5.
The full Boolean expressions for all of the output states
A full set of K maps showing how each of the output states was minimised
A screen dump of the completed circuit
A screen dump showing the output of all six LED’s compared with the output of the 74LS93
counter

Using a simulation package analyse the effects of changing the values of circuit parameters on
the performance of an analogue circuit containing an operational amplifier or transistors
D1
You could use either the amplifier circuit from P4 or the voltage regulator circuit from P1/P2 to
accomplish this task. You need to:
1. Simulate either circuit
2. Change various parameters for example the frequency and amplitude of the input signal to the
amplifier or the effects of changing the value of the reservoir capacitor for the voltage regulator
3. Explain the change in circuit behaviour with reference to theory e.g. gain band-width product,
headroom and distortion for the amplifier or the effects of the RC time constant on the ripple
voltage of a bridge rectifier
Task 12 (D2)

Compare and contrast two different types of logic family with reference to five characteristics
Compare TTL with CMOS with respect to the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Power supply ranges
Legal input and output voltages
Power requirements related to frequency
Propagation delay
Fan out