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Belief systems can be seen as including three elements:
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Beliefs,
assumptions and
knowledge system
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
Each of the three elements can influence the others ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
Each of the three elements can influence the others ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
Example:
If you think that other people who you
respect have a positive attitude towards a
particular type of behaviour, you may
be encouraged to have a more positive
attitude too.
Each of the three elements can influence the others ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
Or your own positive attitude night lead
you to believe that other people must
feel the same way as you.
REMEMBER - it’s not what other
people really think, it’s what
you think they think!
Each of the three elements can influence the others ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Example:
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
If you think that other people do not have
faith in your ability to do something,
you may also begin to doubt whether
you are capable.
Each of the three elements can influence the others ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Example:
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
If you believe that you are not capable
of doing something, you may have a less
positive attitude to that activity.
REMEMBER - it’s not what you
can really do, it’s what you
think you can or can’t do!
The three elements work together to influence your plans for how
you will act.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
PLAN or
INTENTION
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
I believe that pair work provides the practice
that facilitates language learning
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
I believe that pair work provides the practice
that facilitates language learning
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
Increases my
intention to use
pair work in class
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
Increases my
intention to use
pair work in class
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
PLAN or
INTENTION
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
I believe that my colleagues will object to
the noise created by pair work, and will think I am
letting the students ‘mess about’.
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
(I do believe that my students like doing
pair work, but my colleagues’ opinions
matter more to me)
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
I believe that my colleagues will object to
the noise created by pair work, and will think I am
letting the students ‘mess about’.
behaviour
Overall
negative
perception of
other people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
(I do believe that my students like doing
pair work, but my colleagues’ opinions
matter more to me)
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
behaviour
Overall
negative
perception of
other people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
Reduces my
intention to use pair
work in class
PLAN or
INTENTION
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
behaviour
Overall
negative
perception of
other people’s
opinions
Positive
assessment of
physical
context and
personal
abilities
I believe I can arrange the seating
so students can do pair work.
I’m a bit worried about it getting a little rowdy,
but I think I’d be able to calm things down
and keep the noise levels reasonably low,
especially since it’s a fairly small group
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
behaviour
Overall
negative
perception of
other people’s
opinions
Positive
assessment of
physical
context and
personal
abilities
Increases my
intention to use
pair work in class
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
behaviour
On balance, I will plan to use
pair work in my classes (although
I might modify the way students
do it, so that I minimise
the effect on my colleagues).
Overall
negative
perception of
other people’s
opinions
Positive
assessment of
physical
context and
personal
abilities
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
PLAN or
INTENTION
For example, this is how your intention to set pair work in class
might be influenced:
Positive
attitude
towards
behaviour
Overall
negative
perception of
other people’s
opinions
Positive
assessment of
physical
context and
personal
abilities
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
PLAN or
INTENTION
Do pair
work in
class
So the sum effect of your various beliefs and attitudes influences
first your plans and then your behaviour ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
PLAN or
INTENTION
… unless something happens to prevent your plans from being
carried out.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
PLAN or
INTENTION
Class cancelled.
No opportunity to
do pair work
Action or behaviour is a type of experience
…which we interpret subconsciously…
... or through conscious reflection.
Reflection 
Interpretation
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
= experience
Interpretation of experience can lead to reinforcement of existing
attitudes and beliefs ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
INTERPRETATION
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
… or to changes, either small or dramatic.
Attitude
towards
Other
people’s
opinions
behaviour
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
INTERPRETATION
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
Interpretation may result in restructuring of any, or all, parts of our
overall belief system...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
INTERPRETATION
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
…so that next time we are preparing to act ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
INTERPRETATION
…our plans and intentions may be different to the previous occasion ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
PLAN or
INTENTION
…and we end up acting (behaving) differently.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
PLAN or
INTENTION
That gives us a new experience to reflect on ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
UNDERSTANDING
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
… and to feed back into our belief system ...
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
UNDERSTANDING
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
… and so the cycle continues.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
UNDERSTANDING
… and so the cycle continues.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
UNDERSTANDING
… and so the cycle continues.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
PLAN or
INTENTION
… and so the cycle continues.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
PLAN or
INTENTION
… and so the cycle continues.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
PLAN or
INTENTION
… and so the cycle continues.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
UNDERSTANDING
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
… and so the cycle continues.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
UNDERSTANDING
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
… and so the cycle continues.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
REFLECTION &
UNDERSTANDING
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
… and so the cycle continues.
Attitude
towards
behaviour
REFLECTION &
UNDERSTANDING
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
PLAN or
INTENTION
Attitude
towards
behaviour
REFLECTION &
UNDERSTANDING
Other
people’s
opinions
Controls on
behaviour
(context
and
personal
abilities)
ACTION or
BEHAVIOUR
PLAN or
INTENTION
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