API Specification 16AR
Specification for Drill-through
Equipment Repair and
Remanufacturing
ANSI/API Specification 16AR (SPEC 16AR)
First Edition, ….. 2014
Effective Date: ….2014
SPECIAL NOTES
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Copyright © 2005 American Petroleum Institute
FOREWORD
This standard shall become effective on the date printed on the cover but may be used voluntarily from
the date of distribution.
Standards referenced herein may be replaced by other international or national standards that can be
shown to meet or exceed the requirements of the referenced standard. Manufacturers electing to use
another standard in lieu of a referenced standard are responsible for documenting equivalency.
This American National Standard is under the jurisdiction of the API Subcommittee on Drilling Well
Control Systems.
In this American National Standard technical modifications and corrections will be incorporated.
A complete list of these modifications and corrections can be found in Annex J.
This American National Standard replaces the repair and remanufacturing chapter from API 16A edition.
Please note that Annex I, API Monogram, has been amended to clarify what equipment is eligible
for the repair/remanufacture monogram.
API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to
assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no
representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims
any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal
state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict.
Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the API, Standards Department, 1220 L
Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, or by email to [email protected].
API Specification 16A / ISO 13533
iii
CONTENTS
Table of Contents
1.
Scope ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.1
General ................................................................................................................ 1
2. Normative References ................................................................................................ 2
3. Definitions................................................................................................................... 4
4. Abbreviated terms ..................................................................................................... 13
5. Quality Control Requirements .................................................................................. 14
5.1
General .............................................................................................................. 14
5.2
Measuring and testing equipment ..................................................................... 14
5.2.1 General .......................................................................................................... 14
5.2.2 Pressure-measuring devices .......................................................................... 14
5.3
Quality control personnel qualifications ........................................................... 14
5.3.1 Non-destructive examination (NDE) personnel............................................ 14
5.3.2 Visual examination personnel ....................................................................... 15
5.3.3 Welding inspectors........................................................................................ 15
5.3.4 Welder performance qualification ................................................................ 15
5.3.5 Third Party Inspection................................................................................... 15
5.3.6 Certification .................................................................................................. 15
5.3.7 Other personnel ............................................................................................. 16
5.4
Quality control requirements for equipment and parts ..................................... 16
5.4.1 General .......................................................................................................... 16
5.4.2 Material requirements ................................................................................... 16
5.4.3 Quality control instructions........................................................................... 16
5.4.4 Non-destructive examination (NDE) ............................................................ 16
5.4.5 Acceptance status .......................................................................................... 17
5.5
Quality control requirements for specific equipment and parts ........................ 17
5.6
Requirements for quality control records ......................................................... 22
6. Quality Management System Requirements ............................................................. 24
6.1
Communications ................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2
Control of Documents ....................................................................................... 24
6.3
Personnel Competence ..................................................................................... 24
6.4
Training and Awareness ................................................................................... 24
6.5
Control of testing, measuring, monitoring equipment ...................................... 24
6.6
Contract Review................................................................................................ 25
6.6.1 General .......................................................................................................... 25
6.6.2 Determination of Requirements .................................................................... 25
6.6.3 Review of Requirements ................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.7
Purchasing ......................................................................................................... 25
6.7.1 Purchasing Control.........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.8
Design and Development .................................................................................. 25
6.8.1 Design and Development Planning ............................................................... 25
v
6.8.2 Design documentation .................................................................................. 25
6.8.3 Design and Development Inputs ................................................................... 26
6.8.4 Design Verification ....................................................................................... 26
6.8.5 Design Validation ......................................................................................... 26
6.8.6 Control of design and development changes ................................................ 26
7. Responsibilities ......................................................................................................... 26
8. Quality requirements for Operation Service Levels ..Error! Bookmark not defined.
9. Repair / Remanufacturing Service Level Minimum Requirements .......................... 27
9.1
Requirements for Pressure Testing ................................................................... 27
9.1.1 General .......................................................................................................... 27
9.1.2 Hydrostatic Proof/Shell Test ......................................................................... 28
9.1.3 Operating Chamber Pressure Test ................................................................ 28
9.1.4 Hydrostatic proof and operating chamber pressure tests .............................. 28
9.1.5 Closed-preventer test .................................................................................... 28
9.1.6 Low Pressure Test ......................................................................................... 28
9.1.7 High Pressure Test ........................................................................................ 28
9.1.8 Acceptance Criteria ....................................................................................... 29
9.1.9 Annular packing unit tests ............................................................................ 29
9.1.10
Rams lock test ........................................................................................... 29
9.1.11
Blind-shear rams ....................................................................................... 29
9.2
Elastomeric Seal Requirements ........................................................................ 30
9.2.1 Wellbore Sealing Components and Consumables ........................................ 30
9.2.2 Operating Sealing Components and Consumables ....................................... 30
9.2.3 Equipment Marking and Storage .................................................................. 30
9.3
Dimensional check ............................................................................................ 31
9.4
NDE – Initial Inspection ................................................................................... 31
9.5
Hardness – ......................................................................................................... 31
9.6
Personnel Qualification Requirements – see QA program requirements ......... 31
9.7
Inspection on closure bolting (pressure retaining) ............................................ 32
9.8
Visual Inspection at disassembly ...................................................................... 32
9.9
Drift Test ........................................................................................................... 32
9.10 Replacement Parts – Qualifications .................................................................. 32
9.11 Hot work Qualifications/Procedures ................................................................. 32
9.12 Documentation .................................................................................................. 33
10.
Materials ............................................................................................................... 34
10.1 Compliance to NACE MR 0175 / ISO 15156 .................................................. 34
10.2 Material Chemical Composition and Mechanical Properties ........................... 34
10.3 Mechanical properties ....................................................................................... 34
10.4 Non-metallic parts ............................................................................................. 35
10.5 Base metal material Identification .................................................................... 35
10.5.1
Determining Hardness and approximate ultimate tensile values: ............. 35
10.5.2
Determining Chemical Composition: ....................................................... 35
10.5.3
Engineering judgment based on service/field experience ......................... 36
10.6 Filler material qualification............................................................................... 36
11.
Welding ................................................................................................................. 37
11.1 General .............................................................................................................. 37
11.2 Weldment design and configuration ................................................................. 37
11.3 Welding procedure qualifications ..................................................................... 37
11.4 Welding specification requirements ................................................................. 39
11.5 Welder specifications ........................................................................................ 39
11.6 Materials ........................................................................................................... 39
11.6.1
Base materials ........................................................................................... 39
11.6.2
Filler materials .......................................................................................... 40
11.6.3
Repair welds and PWHT .......................................................................... 41
11.6.4
Preheating ................................................................................................. 43
11.6.5
Corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant overlays ....................................... 43
11.6.6
Welding controls ....................................................................................... 43
11.6.7
Quality Assurance Quality Control ........................................................... 44
11.7 Welding controls ............................................................................................... 44
11.7.1
Procedures ................................................................................................. 44
11.7.2
Application ................................................................................................ 44
11.7.3
Designed welds ......................................................................................... 44
11.7.4
Materials ................................................................................................... 44
11.8 Welding procedure and performance qualifications ......................................... 45
11.8.1
General ...................................................................................................... 45
11.8.2
Base metals ............................................................................................... 45
11.8.3
Heat-treat condition .................................................................................. 45
11.8.4
Procedure qualification record .................................................................. 45
11.9 Other requirements............................................................................................ 45
11.9.1
ASME Section IX, Article I — Welding general requirements ............... 45
11.9.2
General ...................................................................................................... 45
11.9.3
Hardness testing ........................................................................................ 45
11.9.4
General ...................................................................................................... 45
11.9.5
ASME Section IX, Article II — Welding procedure qualifications ......... 47
11.9.6
ASME Section IX, Article III — Welding performance qualifications ... 47
11.10 ASME Section IX, Article IV — Welding data ............................................... 48
11.10.1 Article IV of ASME Section IX shall apply as written. ........................... 48
11.10.2 General ...................................................................................................... 48
11.10.3 Welder qualification.................................................................................. 48
11.10.4 Welding Process Specification (WPS)...................................................... 48
11.10.5 Welding Process Qualification Record (WPQR) ...................................... 48
11.10.6 CRA welding ............................................................................................ 48
12.
Decommissioning ................................................................................................. 49
13.
Certification .......................................................................................................... 49
Annex A ............................................................................................................................ 51
Annex B ............................................................................................................................ 54
Annex C ............................................................................................................................ 55
Annex D ............................................................................................................................ 56
Annex E (informative) Recommended weld preparation design dimensions ................. 57
Annex E ............................................................................................................................ 61
Annex F............................................................................................................................. 62
vii
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
1
1. Scope
General
1.1
This American National Standard specifies requirements for repair, remanufacturing, testing, inspection,
welding, marking, certification, recertification, handling, storing and shipping of drill-through equipment
used for drilling for oil and gas build under API-16A. When desired this standard can also be voluntary
adopted for other well control equipment build under a different specification, but this will not
automatically make them API products. This standard defines Repair Service Levels for the below listed
equipment and the required equipment traceability that is required to proof compliance. The repair and
remanufacturing supported under this standard requires that the associated service conditions of the
equipment in terms of internal pressure, temperature and wellbore fluids and ambient temperature limits
for which the equipment is designed remains unchanged and is supported by the Original Product
Definition.
This American National Standard is applicable to and establishes requirements for the following specific
equipment:
a) ram blowout preventers;
b) ram blocks, operators, packers and top seals;
c) annular blowout preventers;
d) annular packing units;
e) hydraulic connectors;
f)
drilling spools;
g) adapters;
h) loose connections;
i)
clamps.
j)
drilling riser
Dimensional interchangeability is limited to end and outlet connections. Typical equipment defined by this
American National Standard is shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Recommendations for failure reporting are outlined in Annex B.
This API standard supports the requirements of life cycle management systems for new, individual, API
monogrammed products or system parts throughout their functional life cycle.
1
2
Key:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Ring gaskets ISO 10423
Annular BOP
Clamp
Ram BOP
Drilling spool
Valve ISO 10423
7. Wellhead
8. Casing
9. End and outlet connections
10. Drill-through equipment ISO 13533
11. Wellhead equipment ISO 10423
Figure 1 — Typical surface drill-through equipment
2
Key:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Riser connector
8. Hydraulic connector
Flex/ball joint
9. Wellhead
Annular BOP
10. Riser equipment, including kill, choke,
Hydraulic connector
booster and control fluid conduit lines.
Adapter
11. Drill-through equipment ISO 13533
Ram BOP
12. Wellhead equipment ISO 10423
Valve ISO 10423
Figure 2 — Typical subsea drill-through equipment
2
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
2. Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this American National Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or
revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this
American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent
editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the
normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid
International Standards. When the latest edition is specified it may be used on issue and shall become
mandatory 6 months from the date of the revision.
Standards referenced in this specification may be replaced by other international or national standards
that can be proven to meet or exceed the requirements of the referenced standard. Product
manufacturers, product owner/operators and repairers who use other standards in lieu of standards
referenced herein are responsible for documenting the equivalency of the standards in order to provide
traceability for compliance to this standard.
1) ISO 2859-1:1989, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling plans
indexed by acceptable quality level (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
2) ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials, Brinell hardness test, Part 1: Test method
3) ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials, Vickers hardness test, Part 1: Test method
4) ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials, Rockwell hardness test, Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D,
E, F, G, H, K, N,T)
5) ISO 6892, Metallic materials , Tensile testing at ambient temperature
6) ISO 10423:2001, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Drilling and production equipment —
Wellhead and Christmas tree equipment
7) ISO 11961:1996, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Steel pipes for use as drill pipe —
Specification
8) ISO 13665, Seamless and welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Magnetic particle
inspection of the tube body for the detection of surface imperfections
9) API Bulletin 6AF, Capabilities of API flanges under combinations of load
10) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section V, Article 5, UT Examination Methods for
Materials and Fabrication
11) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 4, Rounded Indication
Charts Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indications in Welds
12) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 2, Pressure Vessel — Alternate
Rules, Appendix 4, Design Based on Stress Analysis
13) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 2, Pressure Vessel — Alternate
Rules, Appendix 6, Experimental Stress Analysis
14) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX, Articles I, II, III and IV
15) ASTM A 193:1999, Specification for Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High
Temperature Service
16) ASTM A 320:1999, Specification for Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low Temperature Service
17) ASTM A 370:1997, Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
3
18) ASTM A 453:1999, Specification for Bolting Materials, High Temperature, 50 to 120 ksi Yield
Strength, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Steels
19) ASTM D 395:1998, Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property — Compression Set
20) ASTM D 412:1998, Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber, Thermoplastic Rubbers and
Thermoplastic Elastomers
21) ASTM D 471:1998, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property — Effect of Liquids
22) ASTM D 1414:1994, Standard Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
23) ASTM D 1415:1994, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property — International Hardness
24) ASTM D 1418:1999, Standard Practice for Rubber and Rubber Lattices — Nomenclature
25) ASTM D 2240:1997, Test Method for Rubber Property — Durometer Hardness
26) ASTM E 94:1993, Standard Guide for Radiographic Testing
27) ASTM E 140:1999, Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals
28) ASTM E 165:1995, Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
29) ASTM E 569:1997, Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Structures During
Controlled Simulation
30) ASTM E 747:1997, Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping
Classification of Wire Image
31) Quality Indicators (IQI) used for Radiography
32) ASNT-SNT-TC-1A:1992, Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in
Nondestructive
33) Testing
34) NACE MR0175–2000, Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistant Metallic Materials for Oilfield Equipment
35) SAE AMS-H-6875A:1998, Heat Treatment of Steel Raw Materials
36) Specification Q1: Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and
Natural Gas Industry
37) Specification Q2: Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and
Natural Gas Industry
38) API Specification 16A / ISO 13533
NOTE: Must check if the required standards for welding, welder qualification and inspection are
included, including those for CRA low and high alloys like, and Super Duplex. Other applicable
standards missed must be added to the list.
NOTE: Must check the references for applicability and latest revisions.
4
3.
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Definitions
3.1
Design Status:
The status of a traceable product with regard to changes to elements of the Original
Product Definition (OPD) as well as improvements to the OPD or obsolescence of the
product.
3.2
Original Product Definition (OPD):
The complete definition of the requirements for the original assembled product, single
equipment unit or component part, including specified limits and tolerances, health, safety
and environmental requirements, limitations of use, customer specific requirements,
design acceptance criteria, materials of construction, materials processing requirements
and physical properties, physical dimensions and requirements for manufacturing
process controls, inspection, assembly and testing, marking, handling, storage,
maintenance, service and records requirements.
3.3
Product Owner/Operator:
The owner or operator of the product repaired or remanufactured in compliance with this
specification.
3.4
Product History File (PHF):
The composite file of records from a traceable API product. The PHF includes all records
associated with the original API product (including Monogram requirements) and those
certification records required by this specification.
3.5
Traceable Product:
An API product managed under the requirements of this specification.
3.6
Acceptance criteria
Defined limits placed on characteristics of materials, products or service
3.7
Adapter
Pressure-containing piece of equipment having end connections of different nominal size
designation and/or pressure rating
3.8
Annular blowout preventer
Blowout preventer that uses a shaped elastomeric sealing element to seal the space
between the tubular and the wellbore or an open hole
3.9
Blind connection
End or outlet connection with no centre bore, used to completely close off a connection
3.10
Blind-Shear Ram (BSR)
Closing and sealing component in a ram blowout preventer that first shears the tubular in
the wellbore and then seals off the bore or acts as a blind ram if there is no tubular in the
wellbore
3.11
Blind ram
Closing and sealing component in a ram blowout preventer that seals the open wellbore
API Specification 16A / ISO 13533
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
3.12
Blowout preventer (BOP)
Equipment (or valve) installed at the wellhead to contain wellbore pressure either in the
annular space between the casing and the tubulars or in an open hole during drilling,
completion, testing or workover operations
3.13
Body
Any portion of equipment between end connections, with or without internal parts, which
contains wellbore pressure.
3.14
Bolting
Threaded fasteners used to join end or outlet connections
3.15
5
Calibration
Comparison and adjustment to a standard of known accuracy
3.16
Cast, verb
Pour molten metal into a mould to produce an object of desired shape
3.17
Casting, noun
Object at or near finished shape obtained by solidification of a substance in a mould
3.18
Chemical analysis
Determination of the chemical composition of material
3.19
Clamp, noun
Device with internal angled shoulders used to fasten mating hubs
3.20
3.21
Clamping load
Axial load applied to clamp hubs by the clamp due to bolt tightening
Closure bolting
Threaded fasteners used to assemble pressure-containing parts other than end and outlet
connections
3.22
Conformance
Compliance with specified requirements in every detail
3.23
Certificate Of Statutory Compliance:
Document in which the OEM, OEM licensed facility, Repairer, Remanufacturer, or recognized
technical authority certifies that the equipment and / or system meets the required standards or
rules as depicted in the relevant area of operations regulatory requirement.
3.24
Certificate Of Conformance (COC):
Document in which the OEM, OEM licensed facility, Repairer, Remanufacturer, or recognized
technical authority certifies that the assembly or part has been manufactured / remanufactured in
conformance to the mentioned standard(s), specifications and guidelines in accordance with the
Original Product Definition, including design changes resulting from a malfunction or failure
history of drill-through equipment manufactured, remanufactured and / or repaired to the
appropriate American National Standard / Specification.
3.25
Certificate Of Usage Compatibility:
Document in which a Manufacturer, Repairer, Remanufacturer, or recognized technical authority
certifies that the part or system is compatible with the Original Product Definition, including design
changes resulting from a malfunction or failure history of drill-through equipment manufactured,
remanufactured or repaired to the appropriate American National Standard / Specification and is
fully compatible and can be integrated into other systems guaranteeing the operations envelope
as defined by the OEM.
3.26
Statement Of Fact (SOF):
6
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Document in which the OEM, OEM licensed facility, Repairer, Remanufacturer, or recognized
technical authority certifies that the maintenance / repair performed on a part or system is either
not covered by a full service history and required traceability, or the maintenance / repair was
made with limited scope defined by the Owner. The OEM, OEM licensed facility, Repairer,
Remanufacturer, or recognized technical authority can therefore not provide the required
guarantee that the whole part / system is in conformance with the Original Product Definition,
including design changes resulting from a malfunction or failure history of drill-through equipment
manufactured, remanufactured and / or repaired to the appropriate American National Standard /
Specification.
3.27
Certificate Of Service:
Document in which the equipment OEM, OEM licensed facility, Repairer, Remanufacturer,
recognized technical authority / Owner or Operator certifies that that the equipment has been
inspected, properly maintained and tested in accordance with Original Equipment Manufacturer
(OEM) specifications.
3.28
Corrosion-resistant ring groove
Ring groove lined with metal resistant to metal-loss corrosion
3.29
Critical component
Part having requirements specified in this American National Standard
3.30
Data acquisition system
System for storing and/or providing permanent copies of test information, like strip chart
recorders, circular chart recorders or computer systems.
3.31
Date of manufacture
Date of the manufacturer's final acceptance of finished equipment
3.32
Drilling spool
Pressure-containing piece of equipment having end connections, used below or between drillthrough equipment, manufactured in compliance with API-16A.
3.33
End connection
Flange (studded or open-face), hub connection or other end connection (3.47) used to join
together equipment and integral to that equipment.
3.34
Equipment
Any single completed unit that can be used for its intended purpose without further processing or
assembly
3.35
Flange
Protruding rim, with holes to accept bolts and having a sealing mechanism, used to join pressurecontaining equipment together by bolting to another flange
3.36
Forge, verb
Plastically deform metal, usually hot, into desired shapes with compressive force, with open or
closed dies
3.37
Forging, noun
Shaped metal part formed by the forging method.
3.38
Gasket-seating load
That portion of the clamping load required to seat the gasket and bring the hub faces into contact
3.39
Gasket-retaining load
That portion of the clamping load required to offset the separating force the gasket exerts on the
hubs when pressurized.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
3.40
7
Heat
Cast lot material originating from a final melt.
NOTE For remelted alloys, a heat is defined as the raw material originating from a single remelted
ingot.
3.41
Heat treatment / heat treating
Alternate steps of controlled heating and cooling of materials for the purpose of changing physical
or mechanical properties
3.42
heat treatment load
That material moved as a batch through one heat treatment cycle.
3.43
Hot-work, verb
Deform metal plastically at a temperature above the recrystallization temperature
3.44
Hub
Protruding rim with an external angled shoulder and a sealing mechanism used to join pressurecontaining equipment
3.45
Hydraulic connector
Hydraulically actuated drill-through equipment that locks and seals on end connections
3.46
Indication
Visual sign of cracks, pits or other abnormalities found during liquid penetrant and magnetic
particle examinations
3.47
Integral, adj
Parts joined by the forging, casting or welding process
3.48
Job-lot traceability
Ability for parts to be traced as originating from a job lot which identifies the included heat(s)
3.49
Leakage
Visible passage of pressurized fluid from the inside to the outside of the pressure-containment
area of the equipment being tested
3.50
Loose connection
Flange (studded or open-face), hub connection or other end connection (3.47) used to join
together equipment, but not integral to the equipment
3.51
Maintenance
Rig based upkeep of the well control equipment which is performed in accordance with the
equipment owner’s PM program and the manufacturer’s guidelines. These procedures may
include but are not limited to, inspections, function testing, pressure testing, non-destructive
examination and change out of parts.
3.52
Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)
The design owner or manufacturer of the traceable assembled equipment, single equipment unit,
or component part.
NOTE: If any alterations to the original design and/or assembled equipment or component part
are made by anyone other than the OEM, the assembly, part, or component is not considered an
OEM product. The party that performs these alterations is then designated as the OEM.
3.53
Other End Connection (OEC)
Connection which is not specified in an API / ISO standard
NOTE: This includes API / ISO flanges and hubs with non-API / ISO gasket preparations and
manufacturer's proprietary connections.
8
3.54
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Part
Individual piece used in the assembly of a single unit of equipment
3.55
Pipe ram
Closing and sealing component in a ram blowout preventer that seals around tubulars in the
wellbore
3.56
Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)
Any heat treatment subsequent to welding, including stress relief
3.57
Pressure-containing part
Pressure-containing member part exposed to wellbore fluids whose failure to function as intended
would result in a release of wellbore fluid to the environment
EXAMPLES: Bodies, bonnets and connecting rods.
3.58
Pressure-controlling part / pressure-controlling member
Parts intended to control or regulate the movement of wellbore fluids
EXAMPLES: Packing elements, rams, replaceable seats within a pressure-containing member or
part.
3.59
Pressure end load
Axial load resulting from internal pressure applied to the area defined by the maximum seal
diameter
3.60
Pressure-retaining part / pressure-retaining member
Part not exposed to wellbore fluids whose failure to function as intended will result in a release of
wellbore fluid to the environment
EXAMPLES: Closure bolts and clamps.
3.61
Product Definition
The design documentation of a particular product which includes the complete set of design
verification and validation files.
3.62
Product family
Model or type of specific equipment listed in clause 1 of this American National Standard
3.63
Qualified personnel
Individual with characteristics or abilities gained through training, experience or both, as
measured against the manufacturer's established requirements
3.64
Ram blowout preventer
Blowout preventer that uses metal blocks with integral elastomer seals to seal off pressure on a
wellbore with or without tubulars in the bore
3.65
Rated working pressure
Maximum internal pressure that the equipment is designed to contain and/or control
3.66
Record, noun
Retrievable information
3.67
Recognized Technical Authority
The OEM holding the manufacturing and quality licenses, or registered professional engineer, or
a technical classification society, or engineering firm in which its employees hold appropriate
licenses to perform the verification in the appropriate jurisdiction, and evidence to demonstrate
that the individual, society, or firm has the applicable expertise and experience necessary to
perform the required verifications.
3.68
Linear indication
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
9
Dye Penetrant Inspection or magnetic particle Inspection indication whose length is equal to or
greater than three times its width.
3.69
Relevant indication
Dye Penetrant or Magnetic Particle Inspection with any indication with a major dimension over 1.6
mm (0.062 in) CHECK against Standard
3.70
Remanufacture
Process of disassembly, reassembly and testing of drill-through equipment, with or without the
replacement of parts, in which machining, welding, heat treatment or other manufacturing
operation is employed
3.71
Repair
Process disassembly, reassembly and testing of drill-through equipment, with or without the
replacement of parts
NOTE Repair does not include machining, welding, heat treating or other manufacturing operation
of component parts and does not include the replacement of pressure-containing part(s) or
member(s). Repair may include replacement of parts other than pressure-containing part(s) or
member(s) and is performed in a workshop (not on the rig).
3.72
Rounded indication
Liquid penetrant or magnetic particle examination any indication that is approximately circular or
elliptical and whose length is less than three times its width
3.73
Serialization
Assignment of a unique code to individual parts and/or pieces of equipment to maintain records
3.74
Special process
Operation which converts or affects material properties
3.75
Stabilized
Pressure testing in a state in which the initial pressure-decline rate has decreased to within the
manufacturer's specified rate
NOTE: Pressure decline can be caused by such things as changes in temperature, setting of
elastomer seals or compression of air trapped in the equipment being tested.
3.76
Stabilized
Temperature testing in a state in which the initial temperature fluctuations have decreased to
within the
manufacturer's specified range
NOTE Temperature fluctuation can be caused by such things as mixing of different-temperature
fluids, convection or conduction.
3.77
Standard connection
flange, hub or studded connection manufactured in accordance with an ISO standard, including
dimensional
requirements
3.78
Stress relief
Controlled heating of material to a predetermined temperature for the purpose of reducing any
residual stresses
3.79
Studded connection
Connection in which thread-anchored studs are screwed into tapped holes
10
3.80
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Surface finish
Ra measurement of the average roughness of a surface
NOTE 1 It is expressed in micrometres (μm).
NOTE 2 All of the surface finishes given in this American National Standard are to be considered
maxima.
3.81
Trepan, verb
Produce a hole through a part by boring a narrow band or groove around the circumference of the
hole and removing the solid central core of material
3.82
Variable-bore ram (VBR)
Closing and sealing component in a ram blowout preventer that is capable of sealing on a range
of tubular sizes
3.83
Visual examination
Examination of parts and equipment for visible defects in material and workmanship
3.84
Volumetric non-destructive examination
Examination for internal material defects by radiography, acoustic emission or ultrasonic testing
3.85
Pressure-containing weld
Weld whose failure will reduce the pressure-containing integrity of the component
3.86
Weld groove
Area between two metals to be joined that has been prepared to receive weld filler metal
3.87
Weld, verb
Act of fusing materials, with or without the addition of filler materials
3.88
Weld joint
Fitting together of components in order to facilitate their joining by a fusion welding process.
3.89
Fabrication Weld
A weld that joins two or more pieces of metal.
3.90
Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
A WPS is a written welding procedure that is qualified to provide direction for welding in
accordance with requirements of this standard. The completed WPS shall describe the specific
essential, nonessential, and supplementary essential variables required for each welding process.
These variables and their meanings are defined, respectively, in Article II, QW-250 through QW280 and Article IV of the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section IX–Welding and Brazing
Qualifications.
3.91
Weldment
That portion or area of a component on which welding has been performed. A weldment includes
the weld metal, the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the base metal unaffected by the heat of
welding.
3.92
Welding
The application of any one of a group of welding processes, which applies heat energy sufficient
to melt and join one or more pieces of metal through localized fusion and coalescence.
3.93
Fabrication weld
Weld joining two or more parts
3.94
Full-penetration weld
Weld that extends throughout the complete wall section of the parts joined
3.95
Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ)
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
11
That portion of the base metal which has not been melted, but whose mechanical properties or
microstructure has been altered by the heat of welding or cutting
3.96
Major repair weld
Weld whose depth is greater than 25 % of the original wall thickness or 25 mm, whichever is less
3.97
Non-pressure-containing weld
Weld whose failure will not reduce the pressure-containing integrity of the component
3.98
Postweld heat treatment (PWHT)
Heating and cooling a weldment in a controlled manner to obtain desired properties.
3.99
Procedure Qualification Record (PQR)
A PQR is a record of the welding data used to make the test weldment. It contains the actual
values or ranges of the essential and supplementary essential variables used in preparing the test
weldments, including the test results.
3.100 Major Repair Weld
A weld that is the greater in thickness of either 1 inch or 25 percent of the original base metal
thickness.
3.101 Minor Repair Weld
A weld that is the lesser in thickness of either 1 inch or 25 percent of the original base metal
thickness.
3.102 Base Metal Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ)
That portion of the weld metal or base metal, whose mechanical properties and microstructure
were altered by a source of heat energy (usually welding, thermal cutting, or brazing) without
melting.
3.103 Weld Metal Heat-Affected Zone (WM-HAZ)
That portion of the HAZ from which the mechanical properties are more depending on the
dynamic nature of certain elements in the weld metal solidification process.
3.104 Critically Stressed Areas
All areas or sections of a weldment (weld metal, base metal, heat-affected zones) whose
mechanical properties must meet the minimum requirements of the base metal specification and
are deemed critical to the design and safe operation of the component. Unless otherwise
specified by product engineering, all areas and sections of a weldment are presumed to be
“critically stressed.”
3.105 Critical PWHT Sections
Distinct thin and thick sections of a weldment (weld metal or base metal) whose heat absorption
properties and section thickness make them susceptible, respectively, to degradation in strength
from overheating and excessive hardness from under heating. Critical PWHT sections shall be
identified by product engineering as required.
3.106 Buildup Weld
A weld that is used to add features to a part or restore wrong machined, worn, or corroded
surfaces to factory dimensions.
3.107 Approved Welding Process
Any process that has been qualified in accordance with this specification and the ASME Boiler &
Pressure Vessel Code Section IX to join, repair, or buildup the welds and base metals referenced
in Section IX and this standard.
3.108 Approved Welding Procedure Specification
12
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Any WPS that has been reviewed and independently approved by a qualified welding engineer to
meet the required welding specifications to meet the me. All WPSs, PQRs, and associated
documents (PWHT charts, CMTRs, test lab reports, etc.) shall be approved before use.
3.109 Wrought structure
Structure that contains no cast dendritic structure
3.110 Yield strength
Stress level, measured at room temperature, at which material plastically deforms and will not
return to its original dimensions when the stress is released
NOTE 1 It is expressed in Newton’s per square millimeter (pounds per square inch) of loaded
area.
NOTE 2 All yield strengths specified in this American National Standard are considered as being
the 0,2 % yield offset strength in accordance with ISO 6892.
3.111 Remanufacturing Level (RL)
The level of traceability of repairs, and remanufacturing that well control equipment is qualified
under and to which the work can be certified.
3.112 Product Specification Licensee
OEM licensed facility that has access to the required details of the Original Product Specification,
Product History File, Product Data Book, technical support, processes and procedures to perform
specific remanufacturing and / or repairs as listed in the agreement.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
4. Abbreviated terms
ANSI
API
AQL
ASME
ASNT
ASTM
AWS
BSR
BOP
COC
COS
HAZ
ID
ITP
LP
MP
NACE
NDE
OD
OEC
OEM
OPD
OS
PHF
PQR
PWHT
RSL
SOF
TPI
VBR
WPS
American National Standards Institute
American Petroleum Institute
Acceptance Quality Level
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
American Society for Nondestructive Testing
American Society for Testing and Materials
American Welding Society
Blind Shear Ram
Blowout Preventer
Certificate Of Conformance
Certificate Of Service
Heat-Affected Zone
Inside Diameter
Inspection Test Plan
Liquid Penetrant
Magnetic Particle
National Association of Corrosion Engineers
Non-Destructive Examination
Outside Diameter
Other End Connection
Original Equipment Manufacturer
Original Product Definition
Operating System
Product History File
Procedure Qualification Record
Post-Weld Heat Treatment
Remanufacturing Service Level
Statement Of Fact
Third Party Inspection
Variable-Bore Ram
Welding Procedure Specification
13
14
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
5. Quality Control Requirements
5.1
General
This clause specifies the quality control requirements and quality control requirements for
equipment and material manufactured to meet this standard.
The following subjects are covered:
a) Measuring and testing equipment (Clause 5.2).
b) Quality control personnel qualifications (clause 5.3).
c) Quality control requirements for equipment and parts (clause 5.4).
d) Quality control requirements for specific equipment and parts (clause 5.5)
e) Quality control records (clause 5.6)
5.2
Measuring and testing equipment
5.2.1 General
Equipment used to inspect, test or examine material or other equipment shall be identified,
controlled, calibrated and adjusted at specified internals in accordance with documented
manufacturer instructions, and consistent with nationally or internationally recognized standards
specified by the manufacturer, to maintain the accuracy required by this American National
Standard.
5.2.2 Pressure-measuring devices
5.2.2.1
Type and Accuracy
Test pressure-measuring devices shall be accurate shall be accurate to at least ±0.5% of fullscale range.
If pressure gauges are used in lieu of pressure transducers, they shall be selected such that the
test pressure is indicated within 25% or more than 75% of full-pressure span of the gauge.
Pressure gauges shall have a minimum face diameter of 100mm (4 in).
Pressure tests must be displayed as a chart in the PHF or MDB.
The record shall identify the recording device, and shall be dated and signed.
5.2.2.2
Calibration procedure
Pressure-measuring devices shall be periodically calibrated with a master pressure-measuring
device or a deadweight tester to at least three equidistant points of full scale (excluding zero and
full scale as required points of calibration).
5.2.2.3
Calibration Intervals
Intervals shall be established for calibrations based on repeatability and degree of usage.
Calibration intervals shall be a maximum of three months until recorded calibration history can be
established by the manufacturer and new intervals established, not exceeding ASTM minimum
requirements.
5.3
Quality control personnel qualifications
5.3.1 Non-destructive examination (NDE) personnel
Personnel performing NDE shall be qualified in accordance with the manufacturer's documented
training program that is based on the requirements specified in ISO 9712, EN 473 or ASNT SNTTC-1A.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
15
5.3.2 Visual examination personnel
Personnel performing visual examinations, including welders, shall take and pass an annual an
annual vision examination in accordance with the manufacturer's documented procedures that
meet the applicable requirements of ISO 9712, EN 473, or ASNT SNT-TC-1A.
5.3.3 Welding inspectors
Personnel performing visual inspection of welding operations and completed welds shall be
qualified and certified as follows:
a)
b)
c)
d)
AWS certified welding inspector; or
AWS-senior certified welding inspector, or
AWS certified associate welding inspector; or
Welding inspector certified by the manufacturer or service provider’s documented training
program.
5.3.4 Welder performance qualification
The following applies:
a) Testing requirements:


Welders and welding operators shall be qualified in accordance with ASME,
BPVC:2004, Section IX, Article III.
Welders and welding operators shall be qualified in accordance with AWS D1.1
for structural welding.

Welder qualification shall meet or exceed the requirements for the WPS qualification.
The most stringent requirement shall apply.
b) Records:


Records of welder performance qualification (WPQ) tests shall be in accordance
with ASME, BPVC:2004, Section IX.
For structural welding records of welder performance qualification (WPQ) tests
shall meet or exceed the requirements of AWS D1.1.
c) Weld position:

Welder’s qualification / certification shall meet or exceed the requirements of
AWS D1.1 or ASME BPVC:2004 for the weld position required under the Weld
Process Specification (WPS).
5.3.5 Third Party Inspection
If Third Party Inspection is used, the following applies:
a) Third Party Inspectors (TPI) shall be competent based on the appropriate education, training,
skills and experience needed to perform the inspection service and certification related
product requirements defined in the inspection scope.
b) Evidence of the determination of competence of TPI personnel shall be recorded and
maintained by the TPI company in accordance with their QMS documented procedures
and requirements for competence.
c) The TPI scope shall be clearly defined in the purchase order by the client.
d) The TPI requirements defined in the purchase order shall be included in the Inspection Test
Plan for the product.
5.3.6 Certification
Certification shall be approved by a Recognized Technical Authority.
16
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
5.3.7 Other personnel
All other personnel performing measurements, inspections or tests for acceptance shall
be qualified in accordance with the manufacturer's Q1 QMS documented procedures and
requirements for competence.
5.4
Quality control requirements for equipment and parts
5.4.1 General
All pressure-containing and pressure-controlling parts exposed to wellbore fluid shall be in
conformance with the requirements of NACE MR0175, ISO 15156 (all parts).
5.4.2 Material requirements
Material used for pressure-containing parts or members shall comply with API-16A, clause 6.
5.4.2.1
Closure Bolting
Closure bolting and other parts shall conform to, or exceed, the manufacturer's written
specification and API-16A standard revision under which originally built. The manufacturer shall
retain individual-heat-traceability records for closure bolting, as required.
5.4.2.2
Studs and nuts other than closure bolting
Studs and nuts shall conform to the requirements of API-6A.
Carbon steel studs and nuts shall be in conformance with API-6A or API-20E, BSL-2
specifications.
Materials and consumables shall be fully traceable.
5.4.2.3
Bolting environment
Bolting selection for surface and subsea pressure control equipment shall consider the maximum
hardness requirements, in relation to the operational environment and selected corrosion
protection system in order to prevent hydrogen embrittlement.
5.4.3 Quality control instructions
All quality control work shall be controlled by the manufacturer's documented instructions, which
includes an appropriate Inspection Test Plan (ITP) or other methodology that provides an
auditable tracking document with quantitative and qualitative acceptance criteria.
5.4.4 Non-destructive examination (NDE)
NDE instructions shall be detailed regarding the requirements of this International Standard and
those of all applicable nationally or internationally recognized standards specified by the
manufacturer. All NDE instructions shall be approved by a NDE Level III examiner.
5.4.4.1
NDE qualification levels
NDE level I:
a) The NDE Level I is qualified to perform system calibrations, Implement techniques and
conduct limited evaluation in the NDE method in which the individual is certified.
b) The NDE Level I does not Interpret test results for acceptance or rejection.
NDE Level II:
a) The NDE Level Il is qualified to setup and calibrate equipment, Interpret and evaluate results
with respect to applicable codes, standards, and specifications.
b) The NDT Level Il is familiar with the scope and limitations of the used methods for which
qualified.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
17
c) The NDE Level II can provide training of NDE Level I personnel.
d) The NDE Level II is qualified to prepare written Instructions, and report the NDE results.
NDE Level III:
a) The NDE Level III is qualified to select the appropriate NDE techniques based on knowledge
of materials, fabrication methods and product design for the part.
b) The NDE Level III is responsible to establish techniques and procedures for the examination
of a part.
c) The NDT Level III evaluates and interprets the results of the NDE method in conformance
with the codes, standards and specifications.
d) The NDE Level III establishes acceptance criteria where none are available.
e) The NDE Level III is responsible for the training and certification examination of NDE Level I
and II personnel.
5.4.5 Acceptance status
The acceptance status of all equipment, parts and materials shall be indicated either on the
equipment, parts or materials or in the records traceable to the equipment, parts or materials.
5.5
Quality control requirements for specific equipment and parts
Unless specified differently in this standard, quality control requirements for API-16A equipment
will be in conformance with API-16A, clause 8.5.
All new manufactured or replacement parts shall be in full conformance to API-16A requirements,
including design verification and testing under clause 5 and 6.
Remanufacturing Service Levels (RSL) for remanufactured parts / assemblies indicate the level of
traceability and conformance of the API-16A, clause 8.5 requirements.
API-16A, Clause 8.5 requirement
Tensile testing
Pressure-containing parts material qualification tensile testing in
conformance with API-16A.
Pressure-controlling parts material qualification tensile testing in
conformance with API-16A..
Impact testing
Pressure-containing parts material qualification impact testing in
conformance with API-16A..
Pressure-controlling parts material qualification impact testing in
conformance with API-16A..
RSL-1
Repairs
excluding base
material.
Repairs
excluding base
material.
RSL-1
Repairs
excluding base
material.
Repairs
excluding base
material.
RSL-2
Repairs
including base
material
Repairs
including base
material
RSL-2
Repairs
including base
material
Repairs
including base
material
RSL-3
All parts,
repairs and
base material
All parts,
repairs and
base material
RSL-3
All parts,
repairs and
base material
All parts,
repairs and
base material
18
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Hardness testing
Hardness testing methods shall be in accordance with ISO 6892,
ISO 6506-1, ISO 6507-1 or ISO 6508-1, as appropriate.
At least one hardness test shall be performed on each part tested,
at a location determined by the manufacturer's specifications.
The hardness testing used to qualify each part shall be performed
after the last heat-treatment cycle (including all stress-relieving
heat-treatment cycles) and after all exterior machining operations.
When equipment is a weldment composed of different material
designations, the manufacturer shall perform hardness tests on
each component part of the weldment after the final heat
treatment (including stress-relieving). The results of these
hardness tests shall satisfy the hardness value requirements for
each respective part.
Hardness measurements on parts manufactured from carbon low
alloy and martensitic stainless type steels shall exhibit maximum
values in accordance with NACE MR0175 and minimum values
equal to or greater than those specified in API-16A.
The part does not exhibit the required minimum hardness level for
the API material designation:
The average tensile strength, as determined from the tensile tests
results, shall be used with the hardness measurements in order to
determine the minimum acceptable hardness value for parts
manufactured from the same heat.
The part does not exhibit the required minimum hardness level for
the API material designation:
The minimum acceptable hardness value for any part shall be
determined by the minimum acceptable Brinell hardness for the
part after the final heat-treatment cycle (including stress-relieving
cycles)
Critical dimensions
Critical dimensions, as defined by the manufacturer, shall be
documented for each part and such documentation shall be
retained by the manufacturer in accordance with API-16A.
The manufacturer shall define and document the extent to which
dimensions shall be verified.
Traceability
Parts and material shall be traceable to the individual heat and
heat-treatment lot.
Identification shall be maintained on materials and parts, to
facilitate traceability, as required by documented manufacturer
requirements.
Manufacturer-documented traceability requirements shall include
provisions for maintenance or replacement of identification marks
and identification control records.
RSL-1
API-16A
RSL-2
API-16A
RSL-3
API-16A
Remanufacturer
specification
API-16A
OEM
specification
API-16A
OPD
specification
API-16A
Remanufacturer
specification
OEM
specification
OPD
specification
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
Remanufacturer
specification
OEM
specification
OPD
specification
Remanufacturer
specification
OEM
specification
OPD
specification
RSL-1
Remanufacturer
specification
RSL-2
OEM
specification
RSL-3
OPD
specification
Remanufacturer
specification
RSL-1
Partial
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
Remanufacturer
specification
Partial
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
Remanufacturer
specification
Reconstructed
PHF and MDB
Partial
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
Remanufacturer
specification
OEM
specification
RSL-2
Full
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
OEM
specification
Full
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
OEM
specification
Full
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
OEM
specification
OPD
specification
RSL-3
Full
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
OPD
Full
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
OPD
Full
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
OPD
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
Chemical analysis
Chemical analysis shall be performed on a heat basis.
Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance with the
manufacturer's written procedure.
The chemical composition shall meet the requirements of API16A.
Visual examination
Each part shall be visually examined.
Visual examination of castings and forgings shall be performed in
accordance with the manufacturer's written specification.
Acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with manufacturer's
written specifications.
Non-well fluid-wetted and non-sealing surfaces shall be examined
in accordance with visual examination methods described in API16A.
Surface NDE
All accessible well fluid-wetted surfaces and all accessible sealing
surfaces of each finished part shall be inspected after final heat
treatment and after final machining operations by either magnetic
particle (MP) or liquid penetrant (LP) methods.
All accessible well fluid-wetted surfaces of each finished part shall
be inspected after final heat treatment and after final machining
operations by the LP method.
MP examination shall be in accordance with procedures specified
in ISO 13665. Prods are not permitted on well fluid-wetted
surfaces or sealing surfaces.
LP examination shall be in accordance with procedures specified
in ASTM E 165.
Acceptance criteria for MP and LP in conformance with API-16A.
Weld NDE general
100 % of all surfaces prepared for welding shall be visually
examined prior to initiating welding.
Examinations shall include a minimum of 12 mm (0,5 in) of
adjacent base metal on both sides of the weld.
Weld NDE surface preparation acceptance shall be in accordance
with the manufacturer's written specification.
All welds shall be examined according to manufacturer's written
specification.
Any undercut detected by visual examination shall be evaluated in
accordance with the manufacturer's written specification.
Surface porosity and exposed slag are not permitted on or within 3
mm (0,125 in) of sealing surfaces.
19
RSL-1
Reconstructed
PHF and MDB
Partial
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
Remanufacturer
specification
Remanufacturer
specification
API-16A
RSL-2
Full
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
OEM
specification
RSL-3
Full
traceability
through MDB
and PHF to
OPD
OEM
specification
API-16A
OPD
specification
API-16A
RSL-1
API-16A
Remanufacturer
specification
Remanufacturer
specification
API-16A
RSL-2
API-16A
OEM
specification
OEM
specification
API-16A
RSL-3
API-16A
OPD
specification
OPD
specification
API-16A
RSL-1
API-16A
RSL-2
API-16A
RSL-3
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
RSL-2
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
RSL-3
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
OEM
specification
OEM
specification
OEM
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
OPD
specification
OPD
specification
OPD
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
RSL-1
API-16A
API-16A
Remanufacturer
specification
Remanufacturer
specification
Remanufacturer
specification
API-16A
20
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Weld NDE — Surface examination (other than visual)
100 % of all pressure-containing welds repair and weld metal
overlay welds and repaired fabrication welds shall be examined by
either MP or LP methods after all welding, post-weld heat
treatment and machining operations are completed.
The examination shall include 12 mm (0,5 in) of adjacent base
material on both sides of the weld.
RSL-1
API-16A
RSL-2
API-16A
RSL-3
API-16A
API-16A
Acceptance criteria for MP and LP in conformance with API-16A.
API-16A
Repair welds
All repair welds shall be examined using the same methods and
acceptance criteria used in examining the base metal.
RSL-1
API-16A
The examination shall include 12 mm (0,5 in) of adjacent base
material on both sides of the weld.
API-16A
Surfaces of ground-out areas for repair welds shall be examined
prior to welding to ensure defect removal using the acceptance
criteria for fabrication welds
API-16A
Weld NDE — Volumetric examination of fabrication weld
100 % of all pressure-containing welds shall be examined by
either radiography, ultrasonic or acoustic emission methods after
all welding and post-weld heat treatment.
All repair welds for which the repair is greater than 25 % of the
original wall thickness or 25 mm (1 inch) (whichever is less) shall
be examined by either radiography, ultrasonic or acoustic
emission methods after all welding and post-weld heat treatment.
Examinations shall include at least 12 mm
(0,5 in) of adjacent base metal on all sides of the weld.
RSL-1
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
RSL-2
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
RSL-2
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
RSL-3
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
RSL-3
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
Radiography examination
Radiographic examinations shall be performed in accordance with
procedures specified in ASTM E 94, to a minimum equivalent
sensitivity of 2 %.
Acceptance criteria for radiography in conformance with API-16A.
RSL-1
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
RSL-2
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
RSL-3
API-16A
Ultrasonic examination
Ultrasonic examinations shall be performed in accordance with
procedures specified in ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section V, Article 5.
RSL-1
API-16A
Acceptance criteria for Ultrasonic examination in conformance
with API-16A..
API-16A
RSL-1
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
RSL-2
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
RSL-2
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
RSL-3
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
RSL-3
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
Acoustic emission examination
Acoustic emission (AE) examinations shall be performed in
accordance with procedures specified in ASTM E 569.
The acoustic emission examination shall be conducted throughout
the duration of the hydrostatic “in-plant” test.
Acceptance criteria for Acoustic emission examination in
conformance with API-16A.
API-16A
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
Weld NDE — Hardness testing
21
RSL-1
RSL-2
RSL-3
All accessible pressure-containing, non-pressure-containing and
major repair welds shall be hardness tested.
At least one hardness test shall be performed in both the weld and
in the adjacent unaffected base metal after all
heat treatment and machining operations.
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
The hardness recorded in the PQR shall be the basis for
acceptance if the weld is not accessible for hardness testing.
API-16A
RSL-1
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
RSL-2
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
RSL-3
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OPD
specification
API-16A
Non-metallic sealing materials and moulded sealing
assemblies
Testing of each batch shall be in accordance with ASTM
procedures.
If a suitable ASTM procedure cannot be applied, the manufacturer
shall provide a written procedure for testing.
Characteristics shall be defined by measurements of physical
properties.
API-16A
Mechanical property data shall include hardness, tensile,
elongation and modulus.
Acceptance shall be in accordance with manufacturer's written
specifications.
Metallic inserts in moulded assemblies
Sampling shall be in accordance with manufacturer's written
requirements or ISO 2859-1, Level II 4.0 AQL.
All methods shall be in accordance with manufacturer's written
requirements.
Acceptance shall be in accordance with manufacturer's written
specifications.
Acceptance shall be in accordance with manufacturer's written
requirements and NACE MR0175.
Welding NDE shall be in accordance with manufacturer's written
specifications.
Annular packers when shipped separately from a BOP
When shipped separately (not part of an assembled BOP),
annular packers shall be pressure-tested and drift tested in
accordance with API-16A.
All other drill-through equipment
All quality control requirements shall be documented in the
manufacturer's written specifications.
Assembled equipment
The quality control requirements for assembled equipment shall
include drift tests, pressure tests and hydraulic operating system
tests.
Serialization is required on all assembled equipment and shall be
carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's written
specification.
A report shall be prepared in which all serialized and individualheat-traceable parts are listed as traceable to the assembly (e.g.,
assembly part number, serial number).
A drift test is required on ram BOP, annular BOP, hydraulic
connectors, drilling spools and adapters.
The hydrostatic proof or shell test pressure shall be determined by
the rated working pressure for the equipment and be in
conformance with API-16A.
The hydraulic operating system test shall be tested on each
assembled blowout preventer and hydraulic connector.
The hydraulic operating chamber shall be tested at a minimum
test pressure equal to 1,5 times the operating chambers rated
working pressure.
API-16A
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
API-16A or
exceeded by
OEM
specification
API-16A
Remanufacturer
specification
OEM
specification
OPD
specification
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
Remanufacturer
specification
Remanufacturer
specification
Remanufacturer
specification
OEM
specification
OEM
specification
OEM
specification
OPD
specification
OPD
specification
OPD
specification
Remanufacturer
specification
OEM
specification
OPD
specification
RSL-1
API-16A
RSL-2
API-16A
RSL-3
API-16A
RSL-1
Remanufacturer
specification
RSL-1
API-16A
RSL-2
OEM
specification
RSL-2
API-16A
RSL-3
OPD
specification
RSL-3
API-16A
Remanufacturer
specification
OEM
specification
OPD
specification
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
22
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Closed-preventer test
Each ram and annular blowout preventer shall be subjected to a
closed-preventer test after the hydrostatic proof test.
The hydraulic operating system pressure used shall be equal to or
less than the manufacturer's specified operating pressure.
Annular packing tests shall require pressure-testing on the
appropriate size drill pipe and without out drill pipe in accordance
with API-16A.
VBRs shall be tested on the minimum and maximum sizes for their
range.
Each preventer equipped with blind-shear rams shall be subjected
to a shearing test.
The closed-preventer test for each blowout preventer equipped
with a hydraulic ram-locking system shall be pressure tested with
the locking system engaged.
Hydraulic connector tests
Since there is no closure unit in a hydraulic connector, the
hydrostatic proof test shall take the place of any rated working
pressure tests.
5.6
Requirements for quality control records
5.6.1
General
RSL-1
RSL-2
RSL-3
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
API-16A
RSL-1
API-16A
RSL-2
API-16A
RSL-3
API-16A
The quality control records required by this American National Standard are those documents and
records necessary to substantiate that all materials and equipment made to this American
National Standard do conform to the specified requirements.
5.6.2 NACE records requirements
Records required substantiating conformance of equipment to NACE requirements shall be in
addition to those described in other clauses of this American National Standard, unless the
records required by this American National Standard also satisfy the NACE MR0175
requirements.
5.6.3 Records control
The organization shall maintain a documented procedure to define the controls and
responsibilities needed for the initiation, identification, collection, storage, protection, retrieval,
retention time, and disposition of records.
Records, including those from outsourced activities, shall be established and controlled to provide
evidence of conformity to requirements and of the effective operation of the quality management
system.
Records shall be retained for a minimum of ten years following the date the equipment was
received by the service provider, or as required by customer, legal and other applicable
requirements, whichever is longer.
All records required by this American National Standard shall be signed and dated.
Records shall be legible, identifiable, retrievable and protected from damage, deterioration or
loss.
Records can be hard copies and/or computer-stored as defined in the organization records
control system procedure.
5.6.4 Records to be maintained by remanufacturer
The remanufacturer shall retain all documents and records as required in clause 5.6.4.1.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
23
The remanufacturer shall provide a PHF and MDB in conformance with Annex-A to their client in
either electric format, hard copy or both, as specified in the purchase order by the client.
5.6.4.1
Parts or components covered in API-16A
The following records shall be retained:
a) weld procedure qualification record;
b) welder qualification record;
c) material test records:
 chemical analysis;
 tensile tests (QTC);
 impact tests (QTC, as required);
 hardness tests (QTC);
d) NDE personnel qualification records;
e) NDE records:
 surface NDE records;
 full penetration fabrication;
 weld volumetric NDE records;
 repair weld NDE records;
f) hardness test records;
g) welding process records:
 welder identification;
 weld procedures;
 filler materials;
 post-weld heat treatments;
h) heat treatment records:
 actual temperature;
 actual times at temperature;
i) volumetric NDE records;
j) hydrostatic pressure test records;
k) critical dimensions as defined by the manufacturer.
24
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
6. Quality Management System Requirements
6.1
Control of Documents
The organization shall maintain documented procedures for the identification, distribution, and
control of documents, including required documents of an origin external to the organization.
The procedure shall define the controls needed:
a) To ensure that documents required by the quality management system, including revisions,
translations, and updates, are reviewed and approved for adequacy prior to issue and use.
b) To define responsibilities for approval and re-approval of documents;
c) To identify changes to the documents;
d) To ensure that documents remain legible and readily identifiable; and
e) To ensure relevant versions of applicable documents are available where the activity is being
performed.
Obsolete documents shall be removed from all points of issue or use, or otherwise identified to
prevent unintended use if they are retained for any purpose.
A master list or equivalent shall be established to identify the current revision status of
documents.
6.2
Personnel Competence
Personnel performing activities shall be competent based on the appropriate education, training,
skills and experience needed to meet service and service-related product requirements.
Evidence of the determination of competence of personnel shall be recorded and maintained.
6.3
Training and Awareness
The organization shall:
a) Provide Quality Management System training to the organization’s personnel and contractors
who affect the execution of services or provision of service-related products;
b) Ensure that customer-specified training and/or customer-provided training, if required, is
included in the training program;
c) Maintain appropriate records on education, training, skills and experience.
6.4
Control of testing, measuring, monitoring equipment
The remanufacturer shall maintain a documented procedure which defines the required testing,
measurement, monitoring, and detection equipment to be controlled and necessary to provide
evidence that service or service-related product meets specified requirements.
The procedure shall address equipment traceability, frequency of calibration, calibration method,
acceptance criteria, suitable environmental conditions, storage and handling.
The procedure shall identify required assessments and maintain records when the validity of the
previous testing, measuring, monitoring, or detection results are found not to conform to
calibration requirements. The organization shall take appropriate action on the equipment and
any service affected.
Testing, measuring, monitoring and detection equipment shall have unique identification.
When the equipment is externally provided, the organization shall verify that the equipment is
suitable to provide evidence of conformity of service or service-related product to specified
requirements.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
6.5
25
Contract Review
6.5.1 General
The organization shall maintain a documented procedure for the review of contract requirements
related to the execution of services or provision of service-related products.
6.5.2 Determination of Requirements
The organization shall determine:
a) Requirements specified by the customer, including the requirements for service planning,
execution, and evaluation;
b) Legal and other applicable requirements; and
c) Requirements not stated by the customer but considered necessary by the organization or
industry recognized Standards for the execution of service and provision of service related
product.
d) Documentation requirements pertaining to the certificate of compliance/conformance, MDB,
PHF, and any other required traceable documents.
Where the customer has provided incomplete, incorrect or unachievable requirements in the
purchase order, the customer requirements shall be informed by the remanufacturer and records
maintained.
6.6
Purchasing Control
The organization shall maintain a documented procedure and qualification of outsourced services
to ensure that purchased or outsourced services and service-related products conform to
specified requirements.
Selection of outsourced service suppliers by the remanufacturer shall include the following prior
to initiation of the purchase agreement:
1) Assessment of the supplier at supplier’s facility to meet the organization’s purchasing
requirements, and
2) Verification that the supplier’s quality management system conforms to the quality system
requirements specified for suppliers by the organization.
6.7
Design and Development
6.7.1 Design and Development Planning
The organization shall maintain a documented procedure to plan and control the design and
development of the product, including the use of service-related products.
The procedure shall identify:
a) the design and development stages;
b) the activities required for completion, review, and verification of each stage;
c) the interfaces between different groups involved in design and development; and
d) the responsibilities and authorities for the design and development activities.
The organization shall manage the interfaces between different groups involved in design and
development to ensure effective communication and clear assignment of responsibilities.
When design and development are outsourced, the organization shall ensure the supplier meets
the requirements of clause 6.6 and provide objective evidence that the supplier has met these
requirements.
6.7.2 Design documentation
Design documentation shall include the methods, assumptions, formulas and calculations.
26
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
6.7.3 Design and Development Inputs
Inputs relating to design of the product shall be determined and records maintained.
These inputs shall include:
a) customer-specified requirements
b) legal requirements; and
c) other applicable requirements including:
1. requirements provided from an external source,
2. requirements for products and service-related products, including its functional and
technical requirements,
3. environmental and operational conditions
4. historical performance and other information derived from previous similar product
designs.
6.7.4 Design Verification
The design and development requirements are to be examined and confirmed to be in
conformance with specified requirements of the contract and relevant standards.
NOTE Design verification activities includes one or more of the following:
a) confirming the accuracy of design results through the performance of alternative calculations,
b) review of design output documents independent of activities of design and development,
c) comparing new designs to similar proven designs.
6.7.5 Design Validation
Design and development validation shall be performed in accordance with planned arrangements
(see clause 6.7.1) to ensure that the resulting product is capable of meeting the requirements for
the specified application or intended use, where known. Wherever practicable, validation shall be
completed prior to the delivery or implementation of the product. Records of the results of
validation and any necessary actions shall be maintained.
NOTE Design validation includes one or more of the following:
a) prototype tests;
b) functional and/or operational tests of production products;
c) tests specified by industry standards and/or regulatory requirements;
d) field performance tests and reviews.
6.7.6 Control of design and development changes
Design and development changes shall be identified and records maintained. The changes shall
be reviewed, verified and validated, as appropriate, and approved before implementation. The
review of design and development changes shall include evaluation of the effect of the changes
on constituent parts and product already delivered. Records of the results of the review of
changes and any necessary actions shall be maintained.
7. Responsibilities
OEM:
 The original product manufacturer (OEM) of the API product is responsible for compliance
to the standard in manufacturing, documentation Product data book and certification.
 The OEM is responsible for the definition of the original product definition (OPD) and the
ongoing product design status.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT




27
The OEM is responsible for documenting design changes resulting from a malfunction or
failure history of drill-through equipment manufactured, remanufactured and / or repaired in
the Original Product Definition.
The OEM is responsible to audit OEM approved repair facilities in compliance with the
requirements of this product standard to assure compliance.
The OEM shall in accordance with the applicable API standard for manufacturing retain
documents required for repair and remanufacturing for ten years.
On request and in agreement with the equipment owner, the OEM will maintain the
Manufacturing Data File for periods exceeding the record keeping requirement of ten years
as listed under this standard.
Repairer / Remanufacturer
 The repairer / Remanufacturer shall provide the product owner with an overview of
equipment traceability and compliance to the OPD before selecting the Remanufacturing
Level (RL) defined in this standard.
 The Repairer / Remanufacturer is responsible to audit Repairer / Remanufacturer approved
repair facilities in compliance with the requirements of this product standard to assure
compliance.
 The repairer / remanufacturer shall in accordance with the applicable API standard for
manufacturing retain documents required for repair and remanufacturing for ten years.
 On request and in agreement with the equipment owner, the Repairer / Remanufacturer will
maintain the Manufacturing data book for periods exceeding the record keeping
requirement of ten years as listed under this standard.
Product Owner:
 The product owner is responsible to keep an up to date Product History File (including the
manufacturing data book).
 The product owner is responsible to keep accurate records of product use and exposure to
Sulfide Stress Cracking environment.
 The product owner is responsible for scheduling the required maintenance for the product,
including the recommendations from the OEM.
 The product owner/operator is responsible for the product status verification and
traceability, field configuration assessment and service conditions, maintenance and service
procedures, inspection and test procedures, design status assessment and disposition,
usage and performance history evaluation, repair and selection of remanufacture
procedures as described in this standard.
.
8. Repair / Remanufacturing Service Level Minimum Requirements
The requirements in section 9.1 through 9.12 are the minimum that must be performed for
qualification of repair and remanufacturing under this standard. Repair and remanufacturing
under this standard excludes work performed on equipment under maintenance.
8.1
Requirements for Pressure Testing
8.1.1 General
All drill-through equipment shall be subjected to a hydrostatic proof test prior to shipment from the
service or repair facility. Water with soluble oil should be used as the testing fluid to avoid
corrosion of the drill-through equipment. The type of soluble oil and concentration used shall be
28
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
documented in the test records. Water can be used in the bore for pressure testing, but requires
preservation of the drill-through equipment afterwards.
8.1.2 Hydrostatic Proof/Shell Test
Drill-through equipment shall be tested with its sealing mechanisms in the open position, if
applicable.
When a BOP requires PWHT, regardless if the BOP has traceability to a previous shell proof test,
the hydrostatic test pressure shall be tested at a minimum test pressure equal to 1.5 times the
rated working pressure.
When a BOP requires NO PWHT, and has traceability to a previous proof test, the hydrostatic
test pressure shall be tested at a minimum test pressure equal to the rated working pressure.
For equipment with end or outlet connections having different working pressures, the lowest rated
working pressure shall be used to determine the shell pressure test.
8.1.3 Operating Chamber Pressure Test
The hydraulic operating system test shall be tested on each assembled blowout preventer and
hydraulic connector.
The hydraulic operating chamber shall be tested at a minimum test pressure equal to 1.5 times
the operating chamber’s rated working pressure.
When a BOP requires PWHT, regardless if the BOP has traceability to a previous operating
chamber pressure test, the operating chamber test pressure shall be tested at a minimum test
pressure equal to 1.5 times the rated working pressure.
When a BOP requires NO PWHT, and has traceability to a previous operating chamber pressure
test, the operating chamber test pressure shall be tested at a minimum test pressure equal to the
rated working pressure.
8.1.4 Hydrostatic proof and operating chamber pressure tests
The hydrostatic proof test and the operating chamber pressure tests shall consist of three steps:
a) an initial pressure-holding period of not less than 10min;
b) reduction of the pressure to zero;
c) a second pressure-holding period of not less than 15 min.
The timing of the test shall not start until the test pressure has been stabilized within the
manufacturer’s specified range and the external surfaces have been thoroughly dried.
The acceptance criteria shall be zero leakage.
8.1.5 Closed-preventer test
Each ram and annular blowout preventer shall be subjected to a closed-preventer test after the
hydrostatic proof test. The hydraulic operating system pressure used shall be equal to or less
than the specified operating pressure. The test fluids used for all closed preventer tests shall
meet the requirements of 9.1.1.
The timing of all closed-preventer tests shall not start until the test pressure has stabilized.
Closed-preventer tests shall be performed at low and high pressures, with the low pressure test
always preceding the high pressure test.
8.1.6 Low Pressure Test
A pressure of 1.4 MPa to 2.1 MPa (200 psi to 300 psi) shall be applied and held below the closed
ram or annular packing unit for not less than 10 min after stabilization.
8.1.7 High Pressure Test
A pressure at least equal to the rated working pressure of the preventer shall be applied and held
below the closed ram or annular packing unit for not less than 15 min after stabilization (see
exception for annular packing units in 9.1.9).
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
29
8.1.8 Acceptance Criteria
There shall be no visible leakage.
8.1.9 Annular packing unit tests
Annular packing units shall be tested in two stages.
The stage one test shall require pressure-testing on the appropriate size drill pipe in accordance
with Table 9.1.
The stage two test shall require pressure-testing without drill pipe in the preventer, i.e. on the
open hole. The high pressure test for this stage shall be as specified in 10.1.7, except as a
minimum it shall be performed at 50% of the rated working pressure of the preventer.
Table 10.1 – Pipe Size Requirements
Bore Size
mm
(in)
179 and 228
7 1/16 and 9
279 and larger
11 and larger
Pipe Diameter
mm
88.9
127.0
(in)
3½
5
Note API-16A has updated this table
8.1.10 Rams lock test
The closed-preventer test for each blowout preventer equipped with a hydraulic ram-locking
system shall be pressure-tested with the locking system engaged. This test shall apply to each
included ram that is designed to operate with the ram-locking system. The preventer shall be
tested in accordance with 9.1.6 and 9.1.7 after the rams are closed, the locks engage and then all
operating pressure(s) released.
8.1.11 Blind-shear rams
Each preventer equipped with blind-shear rams shall be subjected to a shearing test when the
BOP that has transferred from one OEM spec to a new OEM spec. The minimum size shear pipe
used shall conform to Table 9.2. These tests shall be performed without tension in the pipe and
with zero wellbore pressure. Shearing and sealing shall be achieved in a single operation. The
piston-closing pressure shall not exceed the manufacturer’s rated working pressure for the
operating system. Documentation shall include the manufacturer’s shear ram and blowout
preventer configurations, the actual pressure and force to shear the pipe. Documentation shall
also include pipe description (size, mass and grade), actual pipe tensile properties, and impact
properties as specified in ISO 11961.
Table 9.2 – Shear Pipe Requirements
BOP Size
Shear pipe (minimum)
179 mm (7 1/16 in)
3 ½ in 13.3 lb/ft Grade E-75
279 mm (11 in)
5 in 19.5 lb/ft Grade E-75
5
346 mm (13 /8 in) and larger
5 in 19.5 lb/ft Grade G-105
Note API-16A has updated this table
Shear test not required as part of the FAT.
Pressure testing will be required for verification of cavitiesk
Clarify ownership of design – reference Annex C
Need BOP that has transferred from one OEM spec to a new OEM spec the first time to undergo
a shear test at FAT
30
8.2
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Elastomeric Seal Requirements
If the ram packer or packing element had been replaced prior to the service or repair shop
receiving the BOP, and if traceability is available identifying it either being an OEM part or a part
that meets or exceeds those requirements, this part may NOT be required to be replaced and will
maintain compliance to OSL 1. If no traceability is available, packers and/or packing elements will
be quoted for replacement to maintain compliance with OSL 1 requirements. Should the
equipment owner require the service facility to complete the OSL and not supply a replacement
packer or packing element, the service provider must have a documented process that will allow
for the service provider to use an OEM part or a part that meets or exceeds those requirements
required for testing to be removed prior to returning to the equipment owner.
All elastomer components used for FAT of units repaired or remanufactured in compliance with
16AR must be fully validated in the BOP design in which they are being used.
8.2.1 Wellbore Sealing Components and Consumables
For identification of wellbore non-metallic components, such as ram and annular type BOP
Packers, the manufacturer shall have a written procedure for affixing the required codification to
the product or its package.
All BOP system elastomeric seal elements shall be addressed in the equipment owner’s PM
program for the system.
If the service provider must provide components to allow for testing those parts/components will
be removed after testing when conformance has been proven. Responsibility will be with the
equipment owner to add those components when putting the system into service. Traceability
must be maintained of the parts added to maintain compliance with the standard and to maintain
the equipment’s Operation Service Level.
Independent ram assemblies and operators will be treated as a separate component from the
blowout preventer. Markings and traceability must still be maintained and can be done through a
traceable number by the service provider, permanently stamped or etched into the ram assembly.
Ram assemblies and operators will be provided with a separate certificate showing conformance
or compatibility (where applicable).
8.2.2 Operating Sealing Components and Consumables
Identification of non-wellbore non-metallic components, such as elastomeric seals used in ram
and annular type BOP actuation systems, shall be in accordance with the seal manufacturer’s
written specification.
8.2.3 Equipment Marking and Storage
• Marking and storage of sealing components of BOP systems shall be in accordance with API
6A, API 16A, or API 17D, as applicable, including identification marking of elastomeric seals.
• Specialized components, including proprietary design BOP seals and packing units, shall be
stored in accordance with the OEM recommendations.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
8.3
31
Dimensional check
For recertification all API and sealing dimensions should be within product definition tolerances.
From the structural side, one needs to look for severe corrosion on the body which might
weaken the part.
In the event there is no hot work and hence no PWHT; the product definition owner must
establish acceptable “wear tolerances”. In this instance the BOP would be “endorsed” as
suitable for service.
Function & Fit – terminology
Dimensional checks shall include at a minimum the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Wear and sealing surfaces (e.g. – Dimensionals of cavities)
Flange and Bore Dimensions
Pressure Retaining Components
Any Critical Areas per the Product Defnition
Dimensional must be documented and approved by a supervisor who is deemed
competent and can assure the technician is competent to record and take measurements
in accordance with the established QMS.
8.4
NDE – Initial Inspection
The following inspections shall be performed before proceeding with remanufacture of
equipment.
All wetted surfaces shall be MPI or DPI inspected.
All weld necks shall be MPI or DPI inspected.
External surfaces shall be visually inspected and any anomalies further investigated with
MPI or DPI.
Unacceptable indications found with MPI or DPI shall be removed.
Reference API-16A, section 8.5.1.9.4
If full weld records are not available it is advisable to acid etch the BOP to determine any
previous weld repair.
Reference MPI as part of the non negotiable list.
.
8.5
Hardness –
Reference section 10 Hardness
8.6
Personnel Qualification Requirements – see QA program requirements
Reference welder and NDE qualifications in chapter 11 section API 8.3 see QMS
requirements.
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8.7
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Inspection on closure bolting (pressure retaining)
If closure bolting identification is lost, it shall be replaced.
If closure bolting or other closing devices are intended for reuse, they shall undergo a
thorough inspection which includes:
1) Wet particle MPI or DPI.
2) Hardness measurements on bolts & nuts.
3) Threads (internal / external) must be inspected for wear and stretch. The bolt
holes can also be etched to determine if there has been previous weld repair.
4) Dimensional inspection of pressure retaining of non-threaded devices.
8.8
Visual Inspection at disassembly
a.
b.
c.
d.
8.9
include critical wear areas and body structure
all threaded lifting bolt holes. – look for abnormalities (bent, deformed)
Sealing surface check – look for anomalies
Example
1. Bent and worn components
2. scoring
3. coating or chrome chipping
4. Damage to running surfaces
5. Flatness of face seals (use straight edge against)
6. Door/Bonnet assembly alignment
7. Corrosion / pitting
Drift Test
Ref API 16A/ISO 13533 – 8.5.8.4.1 for the Method and 8.5.8.4.2 for acceptance
After remanufacturing the assembly must be drifted..
8.10
Replacement Parts – Qualifications
Replacement parts shall be etc, etc see also certificate of compatibility.
Verification testing – define requirements for ensuring equivalency/compatibility
a. Set out parts
Complete list or replaced components. Preferably backed up with a bill of
materials from the supplier. – PHF Requirement.
b. Ensure parts which are not OEM are still compatible
Consider as design review. There are established companies that, given a
sample, can replicate any seal and have done so even for OEM’s.
c. Traceability
in the form of Certificate of Conformance, to either OEM or Design Review.
8.11
Hot work Qualifications/Procedures
Adherence to ASME or AWS (reword text below)
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
8.12
Documentation
a. Certifications
The question is, will there be different certifications like non-NACE, NACE, will the repair
procedures be the same or different for high pressures above 10K and/or subsea.
COC is meant to define the state of the equipment on the date the COC is issued and to which
standard it conforms to.
b. Repair Serialization/Marking
The repaired component must have a unique identification number stamped into the body per
16A allowing future verification/validation of Recertification, process, and procedures.
1. Maintain temperature ratings, only with MTR traceability on the pressure containing,
retaining, and controlling parts.
c. Drawings
1. General Arrangement
2. Assembly (with a BOM)
d. Pressure Charts
All component part and serial numbers, elastomer batch numbers, cure and elastomer expiration
dates must be recorded.
33
34
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
9. Materials
9.1
Compliance to NACE MR 0175 / ISO 15156
This clause describes the material performance, processing and compositional requirements for
pressure-containing members and all other parts which shall as a minimum satisfy the OPD
design requirements for the product repaired and /or remanufactured under this American
National Standard.
Metallic materials exposed to well bore fluids and gasses shall meet the design requirements of
NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 does allow shear blades not to be Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC)
resistant. Suitability of the shear blades that do not comply with the hardness limitations and its
potential influence on the sealing capability in SSC environment is the responsibility of the user.
Meeting NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 for prevention of Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) can be
achieved by:
 Deployment of the Well Control Equipment in a non-SSC environment
 The use of the WCE in an inhibited fluid environment.
 Material hardness shall not exceed 22HRC and care must be taken when hardness
exceeds 26 HRC (rams only).
 The use of Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA) and its application that is SCC resistant.
9.2
Material Chemical Composition and Mechanical Properties
A written material specification shall be required for all manufacturing / remanufacturing of
metallic pressure-containing, pressure-controlling and all other parts. The remanufacturer shall
be capable to meet or exceed the material specifications for the product as listed in the OPD,
which shall contain the following information:
a) material composition with tolerance;
b) material qualification;
c) allowable melting practice(s);
d) forming practice(s);
e) heat treatment procedure, including cycle time and temperature with tolerances, heat
treating equipment and cooling media;
f) NDE requirements;
g) mechanical property requirements.
9.3
Mechanical properties
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Hardness
Sharpy impact
Minimum Yield Strength (MYS)
Ultimate Yield Strength (UYS)
Elongation
Heat treatment & Microstructure
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
9.4
35
Non-metallic parts
Each manufacturer shall have written specifications for all elastomeric materials used in the
production of drill-through equipment. These specifications shall include the following physical
tests and limits for acceptance and control:
a) hardness in accordance with ASTM D 2240 or ASTM D 1415;
b) normal stress-strain properties in accordance with ASTM D 412 or ASTM D 1414;
c) compression set in accordance with ASTM D 395 or ASTM D 1414;
d) immersion testing in accordance with ASTM D 471 or ASTM D 1414.
9.5
Base metal material Identification
In order to start the repair and remanufacturing process control must also be established over
the material properties.
Original Material Test Records (MTRs). If no original Material Tests Records are available, the
following must be tested and documented to establish material identification:
1. Determining hardness and approximant tensile values
2. Determining Chemical composition
3. Engineering judgment based on service/field experience
9.5.1 Determining Hardness and approximate ultimate tensile values:
Determining Hardness and approximate tensile values shall be done in accordance with ASTM
E10(Brinnell) or ASTM E110(portable testing) or E18 for Rockwell or E92 for Vickers
The hardness of a material is in principle related to the UTS and not to the YS. Yield Strength
and tensile strength show a linear correlation with hardness for most steels. However, for steel
that shows evidence of strain hardening, a lower strength can be measured for a given
hardness. At low hardness and low strength levels, there can be a non-linear relation between
strength and hardness.
If uncertainty exists with respect to the material specification, it is required to validate the
material properties per the RSL.
9.5.2 Determining Chemical Composition:
In absence of material specifications for the parts of the system, PMI shall be used to confirm that
the material from the pressure containing and pressure controlling parts meets the requirements
of the product definition.
The material identification shall be done using an industry recognized process that is capable of:
a) Determining carbon content
b) Determining all alloying elements
c) Determining Nickel and sulfur content for NACE MR0175 applications.
When welding or repair by welding, all elements in the carbon equivalency formula shall be
adequately identified:
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API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Align with 16A allowances for carbon equivalency. Check AWS.
9.5.3 Engineering judgment based on service/field experience
Certain service and field data may be taken in to account based on engineering judgment.
9.6
Filler material qualification
Filler metals shall be specified in each WPS by ASME II, Part C/AWS specification and
classification or other recognized international standard.
Welding consumables shall be clearly identified by trade name, as applicable, and the identity
maintained until consumed.
Move to welding
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
10.
Welding
10.1
General
37
The welding specification of this standard defines the minimum requirements for joining and repairing
pressure containing and load bearing parts by fusion welding and for qualification of fusion-welding
procedures.
Welding of all pressure containing and non-pressure containing parts exposed to well bore fluids or
gasses shall be performed with procedures qualified in accordance with the welding requirements of
NACE MR0175.
Welding of all pressure containing and load bearing parts not exposed to well bore fluids or gasses shall
also be performed with procedures qualified in accordance with this standard but the maximum hardness
requirements as defined in NACE MR0175 do not necessary apply.
No fabrication or repair welding is allowed on equipment from which the material composition and
material specs are not known (no traceability) or cannot be reestablished. Weld exclusions as defined in
API-6A are equally applicable to this standard.
The manufacturer's system for controlling welding shall include procedures for monitoring, updating and
controlling the qualification of welders, welding operators and the use of welding-procedure
specifications. Dimensions of groove and fillet welds with tolerances shall be documented in the
manufacturer's specification.
10.2
Weldment design and configuration
Design of groove and fillet welds with tolerances shall be documented in the manufacturer's specifications.
Pressure-containing fabrication weldments contain and are wetted by wellbore fluid. Only full penetration welds
fabricated in accordance with the manufacturer's written specification shall be used.
Load-bearing weldments are those subject to external loads and not exposed to wellbore fluids.
Joint design shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's written procedures.
Design of groove and fillet welds with tolerances shall be documented in the manufacturer's specifications.
Annex D recommends weld-preparation designs.
Annex E recommends weld-preparation designs (API-6A).
10.3
Welding procedure qualifications
The following applies:
a) written procedure:
Welding shall be performed in accordance with welding procedure specifications (WPS), written and
qualified in accordance with ASME, BPVC Section IX, Article II. The WPS shall describe all the essential,
nonessential and supplementary essential (if required; see ASME, BPVC Section IX) variables.
The PQR shall record all essential and supplementary essential (if required) variables of the weld
procedure used for the qualification test(s). Both the WPS and the PQR shall be maintained as records in
accordance with the requirements of this standard.
WPS’s for weld overlay shall include the chemical composition/composition ranges of the major elements
for the particular alloy.
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API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Weld Procedures using any consumable with a “G” classification shall be restricted to the brand and type
of electrode used for the PQR. The nominal chemical composition of the specified brand and type of
consumable should be identified on the WPS.
SAW procedures shall be requalified whenever the welding flux is changed from one manufacturer’s trade
name to another. Equivalence under ASME BPVC Section II, Part C, or AWS filler metal specifications shall
not be considered adequate for substitution without requalification. Recrushed slag is not permitted for
welding pressure-containing parts.
Combining two or more welding processes that use alloy filler metals of different nominal compositions
requires qualification as a combination procedure.
When joining dissimilar ferritic steels (P-1 though P-5), the filler metal shall conform to the nominal
chemical composition of either base metal or an intermediate composition. However, when attaching
nonpressure parts to pressure parts the filler metal chemical composition shall match the nominal
chemical composition of the pressure part.
Where metallic backing material is permitted, the P-number or its nominal chemical composition shall be
specified in the WPS and/or the applicable fabrication drawing. For joints between similar materials, the
chemical composition of backing materials shall match the nominal base metal chemical composition.
Temporary attachments welded to the base metal shall be compatible with the base metal and welded in
accordance with a qualified weld procedure. Temporary attachments shall be removed by gouging or
grinding and the base metal restored to its original condition before final heat treatment (if required),
pressure testing, and final acceptance. The base metal shall be inspected with MT or PT upon removal of
the attachment.
b) base metal groupings:
The manufacturer may establish a P-number grouping for material(s) not listed in ASME, BPVC
Section IX. Materials not listed in ASME BPCV Section IX must have their own WPS. NOT in all
circumstances see Base materials section.
c) heat-treat condition:
All testing shall be done with the test weldment in the post-weld heat-treated condition. Post-weld heat
treatment of the test weldment shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's written specifications.
When PWHT is required for, all-weld-metal test coupons shall be PWHT’d with the nominal
temperature and maximum time to be used in production. The tensile strength, yield strength and
elongation shall meet the base metal properties.
All WPS’s specifying PWHT should indicate the following:
o maximum heating rate,
o holding temperature range,
o holding time,
o maximum cooling rate.
d) hardness testing:
For material required to meet NACE, hardness tests across the weld and base-material heat-affected
zone (HAZ) cross-section shall be performed and recorded as part of the PQR. Results shall be in
accordance with ISO 15156 (all parts) (NACE MR0175; see Clause 2). (Delete)
The manufacturer shall specify the hardness testing locations in order to determine maximum hardness.
Testing shall be performed on the weld and base-material HAZ cross-section in accordance with ISO 6508
(all parts) or ASTM E18, Rockwell method; or ISO 6507 (all parts), using the 98 N method or ASTM E384,
Vickers 10 kgf method. Results shall be converted to Rockwell C, as applicable. ISO 18265 or ASTM E140
shall be used for the conversion of hardness readings for materials within the scope of their application.
Other conversion tables also exist. Users may establish correlations for individual materials outside the
scope of ISO 18265 or ASTM E140.
e) impact testing:
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
39
If impact testing is required for the base material, the testing shall be performed in accordance with ISO
148 (all parts) or ASTM A370 using the Charpy V-notch technique. Results of testing in the weld and base
material HAZ shall meet the minimum requirements of the base material. Records of results shall become
part of the PQR.
10.4
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10.5
Welding specification requirements
The minimum requirements of each weld joint, weld repair, or weld buildup in a weldment shall be defined
by a weld specification (WS) and approved by engineering before welding.
The WS shall determine the qualification requirements of all WPSs used in the well process.
Each weld joint, weld repair, or weld buildup shall be made with WPSs that have been qualified to meet or
exceed the mechanical properties specified by the WS.
Any deviation from the WS and the use of procedures that do not guarantee the mechanical properties as
required in the OPD shall be fully documented and approved by the OEM product lead engineer or
Remanufacturer lead engineer.
When PWHT is required, the WPSs shall be capable of producing the WS specified mechanical properties
in each weld joint, weld repair, or weld buildup after all required production or repair post weld heat
treatments.
When it is necessary to repair defects or machining errors in previously post weld heat-treated weldments,
the weldments shall be capable of meeting the WS specified requirements after all PWHT cycles.
Capability shall be established by qualifying WPSs for both, the shortest and longest PWHT cycle times at
temperature using the same parameters used in the original WPSs (base metal, filler metal, process, etc.
For the hardenable low alloy steels, the shortest PWHT cycle shall be specified in the OPD (x hours at
temperature). The longest PWHT cycle shall be x hours plus x hours multiplied by the number of cycles
necessary to equal or exceed the cumulative time-at-temperature to which the weldment will be exposed.
However thicker joints may require longer PWHT times.
When the weld metal hardness is below the minimum required by the WS, or the parameters used in the
previously used WPSs are unknown, or the mechanical properties from the weld are not traceable through
the approved PQR, the entire weld shall be removed and rewelded with WPSs qualified in accordance with
the OPD.
When it is not possible to qualify WPSs for the required number of 4-hour PWHT cycles, the OEM product
lead engineer or Remanufacturer lead engineer shall provide a disposition, guaranteeing the minimum
material specifications and weld and HAZ composition, before any welding is performed.
Before welding commences on any component or part, verification and implementation of the correct and
approved manufacturer / remanufacturer written welding procedure specification (WPS), the supporting
procedure qualification record (PQR), the use certified equipment required to control the fusion welding
process and Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) process shall be validated and recorded
Welder specifications
The following applies:
a) Testing requirements:
Welders and welding operators shall be qualified in accordance with ASME BPVC Section IX,
Article III.
b) Records:
Records of welder performance qualification (WPQ) tests shall be in accordance with ASME BPVC
Section IX.
c) Position qualification:
Welders shall be qualified for the welding position applicable for the fusion welding process as
defined in AWS DS1.1.
10.6
Materials
10.6.1 Base materials

The base metals used to manufacture or repair shall be in compliance with the OPD.
40
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
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The metals used for procedure qualification test coupons shall meet but not exceed the material
specifications and material composition requirements of the base material as defined in the OPD and used
in the product.
The base metals of all products to be weld repaired or built up shall be positively identified before weld
repairs are performed. The chemical composition and material properties of the base metal shall be
traceable by component serial number, engineering drawing, manufacturing records, repair records, or
other means, to a mill certificate and mill test report.
When Positive Material Identification (PMI), (Spark Emission Spectrography), is required to determine the
material composition, a qualified laboratory using industry-accepted practices and techniques shall perform
the analysis. Consideration shall be given that the analysis is made from one or more samples of the
original base metal. This includes the substrate of previous weld repairs, buildups, or other areas that are
not previously deposited weld metal. A suitable etchant, such as specified in ASME IX QW-470, can be
used to determine that these areas are in fact original base metal. The areas, from which metal must be
removed for chemical analysis, shall be approved by the OEM product lead engineer or Remanufacturer
lead engineer and shall be restored by welding with an approved WPS when required.
If the material specifications are not positively traceable to a material certificate of the base material, test
coupons must be taken from the base material to reestablish establish those in order to qualify the WPS
under ASME IX. The areas, from which metal must be removed for testing, shall be approved by the OEM
product lead engineer or Remanufacturer lead engineer and shall be restored by welding with an approved
WPS.
Equivalent P-Number (EP) groupings for the purpose of procedure qualification are not permitted for any of
the hardenable materials referenced in this standard (8630M, 4130, F22, etc), because these materials
have differences in hardenability, temper resistance, and product heat-treat conditions that require different
PWHT cycles to guarantee the required mechanical properties.
Only when the mechanical properties of each component member do not require being equal, then
combinations of these materials may be welded, provided the WPSs used and qualified to weld them are
qualified separately. This requires a separate PQR test weld to be made using the higher PWHT
temperature of the two materials for welding each of the two materials to themselves. This ensures that the
HAZ of the more temper resistant and hardenable material meets the maximum hardness and mechanical
properties requirements of the design.
WPSs shall be qualified on the base material specification and shall meet the minimum yield and maximum
yield strength requirements defined in the OPD.
Metals that do not appear in ASME IX QW-422 as either an S-Number or a P-Number metal are
considered “unassigned metals” and shall be qualified separately, except as otherwise permitted in QW420.1 for base metals having the same UNS numbers. Unassigned metals shall be identified in the WPS
and on the PQR by specification, type, and grade or by chemical analysis and mechanical properties.
Procedures qualified with P-Number materials are qualified to weld all P-Number and S-Number metals of
the same grouping. However, the S-Number materials listed in ASME IX QW-422 shall not be used to
qualify procedures (See ASME IX, QW-420.2).
When the WS calls for welding materials of different mechanical properties (heat treatment condition,
strength levels, etc.), the material with the lesser properties shall meet or exceed the mechanical properties
specified in the WS.
10.6.2 Filler materials
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

Welding consumables shall conform to the American Welding Society's or manufacturer's specifications.
The manufacturer shall have a written procedure covering the storage, segregation, distribution, and
return of all welding consumables. Filler metal identity must be maintained including Fluxes.
Materials shall be stored and used as recommended by the manufacturer of the welding consumable.
Controls shall be in place to ensure recovered flux, when allowed, is not contaminated in the
recovery process and that the process meets the flux manufacturer’s requirements for protection
from moisture.
Storage and baking of welding consumables shall be carried out in separate ovens. The ovens shall
be heated by electrical means and shall have automatic temperature control. Welding consumable
storage and baking ovens shall have a visible temperature indicator.
The deposited weld metal mechanical properties, as determined by the procedure qualification record
(PQR), shall meet or exceed the minimum specified mechanical properties for the base material.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
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41
Welding rods, electrodes, fluxes, filler metals, and carbon and low-alloy steel welding consumables
containing more than 1% nickel shall not be used for welding products required to meet the maximum
hardness requirements under NACE MR0175.
Welding consumables containing more than 1% nickel may be used for welding of products that do not
require to meet the maximum hardness requirements under NACE MR0175.
AWS/ASME classified filler metals that are qualified with the WPS for a given number of postweld heattreat cycles shall be listed in the WPS by either the trade name or the classification number.
Unclassified filler metals, which are so qualified, shall also be listed on the WPS and PQR by trade name or
nominal chemical composition of the weld deposit. The nominal chemical composition of such deposits
shall be taken from either the PQR test weld or the manufacturer’s certificate of compliance.
The certificate of compliance for SAW filler metals shall show that the deposit was made with the same flux
as that used on the original PQR test weld.
Since the purpose of the testing for classification is different than it is for procedure qualification (multiple
PWHT), the ASME/AWS SAW flux classification system shall not be used to document the SAW flux-wire
combinations used on WPSs that are qualified for welding any of the hardenable materials like (8630M,
4130, F22, etc). The WPSs for these materials shall identify both the flux and the wire separately by brand
name and the manufacturer’s designation. If the wire is classified and the flux is not, then the flux must be
identified on the WPS by the manufacturer’s designation.
If ASME/AWS SAW flux classification does not give assurance that the deposit will meet the 1%
maximum nickel requirement of NACE MR0175, or that the deposit will develop the required mechanical
properties after more than 1-hour post weld heat treatment the qualification is not acceptable.
The deposited weld metal mechanical properties (after post-weld heat treatment(s), if applicable) shall
meet or exceed all the minimum specified mechanical properties of the WS, defined in the OPD.
10.6.3 Repair welds and PWHT
Repairing a PWHT’d component without PWHT requires that the repair meet all applicable construction
code requirements.
When repairs are made to cladding or overlay welds on low-alloy steels without subsequent PWHT, a
minimum remaining clad or overlay thickness of 3/16 in. (5 mm) [API-RP 582] is recommended but all
cases it is required to demonstrate that no new HAZ is formed in the base metal with thinner overlay.
The minimum left over is what is qualified under the WPS. The parent material is not affected by the cold
weld repair. Some go down as 0.080 in. for min overlay thickness depending on the used process. You
have to proof that no new HAS has been formed in the base material.
Exemption of code required PWHT for ferritic materials based on the use of austenitic or nickel-base filler
materials is not permitted.
All repair welding shall be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's written specification. All major repair
welds to pressure-containing members performed subsequent to original heat treatment shall be mapped. Weld
maps shall contain the following Information, at a minimum:
Part Sketch denoting weld Repair Area
Part Number
Serial number
Welder’s name
Welders Stamp Number
PT / MT Report Number of verification of Defect Removal
WPS used
Filler Material Heat/Batch/Lot
Weld Flux Heat/Batch/Lot, if used
Number PWHT Hours used
Number PWHT Hours remaining
Welding and completed welds shall meet the requirements of Section documentation?.
42
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
The post-weld heat treatment of the test weldment and the production weldment shall be in the same range as that
specified on the WPS. Allowable range for the post-weld heat treatment on the WPS shall be a nominal
temperature of ± 14 °C (± 25 °F).
Within the defined bandwidth, the actual PWHT temperatures in combination with the heating and cooling rates can
vary between the various WPSs, however the stress-relieving heat-treatment(s) time(s) at temperature(s) of parts
shall be equal to or greater than that of the test weldment.
When a weldment requires postweld heat treatment, it shall be performed in accordance with WPSs that are
qualified to meet the WS specified requirements after all required production and repair PWHT cycles.
WPSs to be used for welding hardenable materials (8630M, 4130, F22, etc) shall be qualified as follows:
 Weldment 1 shall be post weld heat treated one time. Depending on the thickness of the joint, the minimum
time at temperature shall be specified in the OPD (x hours), and the temperature shall be < 25 °F below the
PWHT temperature. Heating and cooling rates above 800°F shall be at the upper boundary.
 Weldment 2 shall be post weld heat treated such that the minimum cumulative time at temperature equals
or exceeds minimum time at temperature (x hours) plus x hours multiplied by the number of PWHT cycles
necessary to equal or exceed the cumulative time-at-temperature to which the weldment will be exposed.
The temperature shall be < 25 °F above the PWHT temperature given for the specific materials to be
welded. Heating and cooling rates above 800°F shall be at the lower boundary.
The PQR post weld heat treatment cycle shall be considered sufficiently representative of the production post weld
heat treat cycle if a comparison of the PQR PWHT chart with the production PWHT chart shows that:
a) All welds and critical PWHT sections reached the soak temperature specified in the WPS at the same time
(±15 minutes) and were held within the allowable temperature range for the time range specified in the
WPS, or
b) The last weld to reach temperature was held within the allowable temperature range for the minimum time
specified in the WPS, the first weld to reach temperature was held within the allowable temperature range
no longer than the maximum time specified in the WPS, and none of the critical PWHT sections exceeded
the allowable temperature range at any time.
WPSs that are qualified with the above-specified PWHT cycles or meet the requirements do need not be validated
with a furnace survey. However, WPSs that are qualified with PWHT cycles different than the PWHT cycles
specified in the OPD do not meet the requirements and shall be validated with a furnace survey.
When a furnace survey is required to validate the production/repair PWHT cycle, it shall be performed as follows:
 The survey shall be made on a weldment that represents the largest weldment on which the WPSs will be
used.
 The survey shall be conducted with thermal couples attached directly to each weld joint, buildup, and
critical PWHT section in the weldment. An accurate thermal couple attachment-unit (TAU) and redundant
thermocouples should be used to ensure that accurate readings are obtained in these critical areas.
Note: thermal couples shall not be installed on areas that are outside the heated zone of subsequent PWHTs.
Post weld heat treating equipment shall be properly calibrated and meet the requirements specified by the
equipment manufacturer, the applicable code, or the remanufacturer, whichever is more stringent.
Post weld heat treatment may be performed locally or in a furnace. Local post-weld heat treatment shall consist of
heating a circumferential band around the weld at a temperature within the range specified in the qualified WPS.
The minimum width of the controlled band at each side of the weld on the face of the greatest weld width shall be
the thickness of the weld or 50 mm (2 in) from the weld edge, whichever is less. Heating by direct flame
impingement on the material shall not be permitted.
When spot repairs of finished-machined parts are post weld heat treated locally, special fixtures and pre- and postheat treating procedures should be used to minimize the distortion that can occur, particularly on finished-machined
parts having a low ratio of wall thickness to diameter.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
43
Distortion effects can be minimized when background heating is applied to the entire circumference of the part
during the post weld heat treat cycle, however all local pre- and post weld heat treatments must be in accordance
with one or more WPSs qualified to make the repairs.
The total PWHT time applied shall be equal or less than the time for which the WPS is qualified. It is recommended
to qualify the WPS for 1.25 times the total required PWHT time at temperature.
10.6.4 Preheating
Preheating, where required, applies to all welding, tack welding, and thermal cutting. Minimum preheat
requirements shall follow the applicable code and recommended practice such as Appendix R of ASME
BPVC Section VIII Division 1, Table 330.1.1 of ASME B31.3, and Annex XI of AWS D1.1. Any
recommendations or requirements for preheat listed in the relevant code shall be considered mandatory.
Preheating of assemblies or parts, when required, shall be performed in accordance with the WPS. The preheat
and interpass temperature shall be checked by use of thermocouples, temperature indicating crayons,
pyrometers or other suitable methods. Preheating temperature shall be verified and recorded before any
welding is performed. Heating by direct flame impingement on the material shall not be permitted.
10.6.5 Corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant overlays
The manufacturer shall use a written procedure that provides controls for consistently meeting the
manufacturer-specified material surface properties in the final machined condition. As a minimum, this
shall include inspection methods/technique for measuring the specified overlay thickness and acceptance
criteria.
Qualification shall be in accordance with Articles II and III of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
Section IX for corrosion-resistant weld metal overlay or hardfacing weld metal overlay as applicable.
10.6.6 Welding controls
All instruments, meters and gauges used to confirm welding parameters and post weld heat treatment furnace
settings shall be serviced and calibrated to the manufacturer's written specifications by equipment traceable to a
nationally or internationally recognized standard specified by the manufacturer or to the remanufacturer
recommendations, whichever is more stringent.
All welding equipment (power sources, ram manipulators, rotating tables, power rolls, and other manual, semiautomatic, mechanized, and machine welding equipment) shall be capable of reproducing settings of all specified
variables.
The calibration intervals shall be a maximum of six months until recorded calibration history can be established by
the manufacturer. Intervals may be lengthened (six months maximum increment) or shall be shortened based on
the recorded history. Written records shall document the calibration date, procedure used, accuracy, frequency and
hardness results.
44
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
10.6.7 Quality Assurance Quality Control
The equipment, materials, and services used in the remanufacturing conforming to this standard shall be consistent
with the welding and inspection requirements of the quality plan, order specification, other agreed specifications in
addition to this standard and API Q1.
10.6.7.1 Corrosion-resistant ring grooves
Standard dimensions for the preparation of type SR ring grooves for overlays are specified in 5.3. Standard
dimensions for type R and BX ring grooves are specified in ISO 10423.
10.6.7.2 Corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant overlays other than ring grooves
The manufacturer shall use a written procedure that provides controls for consistently meeting the
manufacturerspecified
material surface properties in the final machined condition. As a minimum, this shall include inspection
methods and acceptance criteria.
Qualification shall be in accordance with Articles II and III of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX for
corrosion-resistant weld metal overlay or hardfacing weld metal overlay as applicable.
10.6.7.3 Mechanical properties
Mechanical properties of the base material shall retain the minimum mechanical property requirements after
thermal treatment. The manufacturer shall specify the methods to ensure these mechanical properties, and shall
record the results as a part of the PQR.
10.7
Welding controls
10.7.1 Procedures
The manufacturer's system for controlling welding shall include procedures for monitoring, updating and controlling
the qualification of welders, welding operators and the use of welding-procedure specifications.
10.7.2 Application
Welding shall be performed by personnel qualified in accordance with the requirements of 7.4.1.
Welding shall be performed in accordance with written WPS and qualified in accordance with Article II of ASME
Section IX. The WPS shall describe all the essential, non-essential and supplementary essential (in accordance
with ASME Section IX) variables. Welders and welding operators shall have access to, and shall comply with, the
welding parameters as defined in the WPS.
10.7.3 Designed welds
For all welds that are considered part of the design of a production part, the manufacturer shall specify the
requirements for the intended weld.
Dimensions of groove and fillet welds with tolerances shall be documented in the manufacturer's specification.
Figures 9 through 12 depict some typical joint designs.
10.7.4 Materials
10.7.4.1 Welding consumables
Welding consumables shall conform to American Welding Society (AWS) or the consumable manufacturer's
approved specifications. The manufacturer shall have a written procedure for storage and control of welding
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
45
consumables. Materials of low hydrogen type shall be stored and used as recommended by the consumable
manufacturer to retain their original low hydrogen properties.
10.7.4.2 Deposited weld metal properties
The deposited weld metal mechanical properties shall meet or exceed the minimum specified mechanical
properties of the base material. Verification of properties shall be established through the implementation of the
manufacturer's WPS and supporting PQR. When materials of differing strength are joined, the weld metal shall
meet the minimum requirements of the lesser material.
10.7.4.3 Post-weld heat treatment
Post-weld heat treatment of components shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's written procedures.
Furnace post-weld heat treatment shall be performed in equipment meeting the requirements specified by the
manufacturer.
Local post-weld heat treatment shall consist of heating a band around the weld at a temperature within the range
specified in the qualified WPS. The minimum width of the controlled band adjacent to the weld, on the face of the
greatest weld width, shall be the thickness of the weld. Localized flame-heating is permitted provided the flame is
baffled to prevent direct impingement on the weld and base material.
10.8
Welding procedure and performance qualifications
10.8.1 General
All weld procedures, welders and welding operators shall be qualified in accordance with the qualification and test
methods of Section IX, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, as amended below.
10.8.2 Base metals
The manufacturer may use ASME Section IX P number materials.
The manufacturer may establish an equivalent P number (EP) grouping for low alloy steels not listed in ASME
Section IX with nominal carbon content equal to or less than 0,35 %.
Low alloy steels not listed in ASME Section IX with a nominal carbon content greater than 0,35 % shall be
specifically qualified for the manufacturer's specified base material.
Qualification of a base material at a specified strength level also qualifies that base material at all lower strength
levels.
10.8.3 Heat-treat condition
All testing shall be done with the test weldment in the post-weld heat-treated condition. Post-weld heat treatment of
the test weldment shall be according to the manufacturer's written specifications.
10.8.4 Procedure qualification record
The PQR shall record all essential and supplementary essential (when required by ASME) variables of the weld
procedure used for the qualification test(s). Both the WPS and the PQR shall be maintained as records in
accordance
with the requirements of clause 8.
10.9
Other requirements
10.9.1 ASME Section IX, Article I — Welding general requirements
10.9.2 General
Article I of ASME Section IX shall apply with additions as given below.
10.9.3 Hardness testing
10.9.4 General
Hardness testing shall be conducted across the weld and base material heat-affected zone (HAZ) cross-section
and shall be recorded as part of the PQR. Manufacturer shall specify the hardness testing method to be used.
46
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Testing shall be performed on the weld and base material HAZ cross-section in accordance with ISO 6508-1,
Rockwell; or ISO 6507-1, Vickers 10 kg. Minimum results shall be converted to Rockwell C as applicable in
accordance with ASTM E 140.
10.9.4.1 Rockwell method (ISO 6508-1)
If the Rockwell method is selected by the manufacturer, the following procedure shall be used:
a) for a weld cross-section thickness less than 12 mm (1/2 in), four hardness tests each shall be made in the base
material(s), the weld and the HAZ;
b) for a weld cross-section thickness equal to or greater than 12 mm (1/2 in), six hardness tests each shall be made
in the base material(s), the weld and the HAZ;
c) HAZ hardness tests shall be performed in the base material within 1,5 mm (0,06 in) of the weld interface and at
least one each within 3 mm (0,125 in) from top and bottom of the weld. See Figure 13 for test locations.
10.9.4.2 Vickers method (ISO 6507-1)
If the Vickers method is selected by the manufacturer, the following procedure shall be used:
a) for a weld cross-section thickness less than 12 mm (1/2 in), four hardness tests each shall be made in the base
materials and the weld;
b) for a weld cross-section thickness equal to or greater than 12 mm, six hardness tests each shall be made in the
base material(s) and the weld;
c) multiple HAZ hardness tests equally spaced 3 mm (0,125 in) apart shall be performed in each of the base
materials within 0,25 mm (0,01 in) of the weld interface and at least one within 1,5 mm (0,06 in) from the top and
the bottom of the weld. See Figure 14 for test locations.
Key
1 Weld
2 HAZ
3 Base
a Typical
Figure 13 — Rockwell hardness test locations
10.9.4.3 Hardness testing (optional) — Minimum mechanical properties
For the purpose of hardness inspection and qualifying production weldments, a minimum of three hardness tests in
the weld metal shall be made and recorded as part of the PQR. These tests shall be made by the same methods
used
to inspect production weldments. These tests may be used to qualify weld metal with hardness less than shown in
8.5.1.4 by the method shown in the same subclause.
Dimensions in millimetres (inches)
Key
1 Weld
2 HAZ
3 Base
a Typical
Figure 14 — Vickers hardness test locations
10.9.4.4 Impact testing
When impact testing is required by the base material specification, the testing shall be performed in accordance
with ASTM A 370 using the Charpy V-notch technique. Results of testing in the weld and base material HAZ shall
meet the minimum requirements of the base material. Records of results shall become part of the PQR.
When impact testing is required of the base material, one set of three test specimens each shall be removed at the
¼ thickness location of the test weldment for each of the weld metal and base material HAZ. The root of the notch
shall be oriented normal to the surface of the test weldment and located as follows:
a) weld metal specimens (three each) 100 % weld metal;
b) HAZ specimens (three each) shall include HAZ material as specified in the manufacturer's written
procedure;
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
47
c) when weld thickness of the product is equal to or greater than 50 mm (2 in), impact testing shall be
performed on weld metal and HAZ material removed within 1/4 thickness.
10.9.5 ASME Section IX, Article II — Welding procedure qualifications
10.9.5.1 General
Article II of ASME Section IX shall apply with additions as shown in this subclause.
10.9.5.2 Heat treatment
The post-weld heat treatment of the test weldment and the production weldment shall be in the same range as that
specified on the WPS. Allowable range for the post-weld heat treatment on the WPS shall be a nominal
temperature
of ± 14 °C (± 25 °F). The stress-relieving heat-treatment(s) time(s) at temperature(s) of production parts shall be
equal
to or greater than that of the test weldment.
10.9.5.3 Chemical analysis
Chemical analysis of the base materials for the test weldment shall be obtained from the supplier or by testing and
shall be part of the PQR.
For corrosion-resistant ring groove overlay, chemical analysis shall be performed in the weld metal in accordance
with the requirements of ASME Section IX at a location of 3 mm (0,125 in) or less from the original base metal
surface. The chemical composition of the deposited weld metal at that location shall be as specified by the
manufacturer. For 300 series or austentic stainless steel, the chemical composition shall be within the following
limits:
a) nickel 8,0 % mass fraction minimum;
b) chromium 16,0 % mass fraction minimum;
c) carbon 0,08 % mass fraction maximum.
Welds for use in hydrogen sulfide service shall conform to the requirements of NACE MR0175.
10.9.6 ASME Section IX, Article III — Welding performance qualifications
10.9.6.1 General
Article III of ASME Section IX shall apply with additions as shown in this subclause.
10.9.6.2 Bolt, tapped and blind hole repair performance qualification
The welder or welding operator shall perform an additional repair welding performance qualification test using a
mock-up hole (refer to Figure 11). The repair welding qualification test hole shall be qualified by radiography
according
to clause 8, or shall be cross-sectioned through the centreline of the hole and both faces shall be examined by NDE
in
accordance with clause 8. This evaluation shall include the total depth of the hole.
The repair weld qualification shall be restricted by the following essential variables for performance controls.
a) The hole diameter used for the performance qualification test is the minimum diameter qualified. Any hole with a
diameter greater than that used for the test shall be considered qualified.
b) The depth-to-diameter ratio of the test hole shall qualify all repairs to holes with the same or smaller depthtodiameter
ratio.
c) The performance qualification test shall have straight parallel walls. If any taper, counter-bore or other aid is used
to enhance the hole configuration of the performance test, that configuration shall be considered an essential
variable.
48
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
For welder performance qualification, ASME Section IX P-1 base metals may be used for the test coupon in place
of
the low alloy steels covered by this American National Standard (Table 20).
10.10 ASME Section IX, Article IV — Welding data
10.10.1
Article IV of ASME Section IX shall apply as written.
10.10.2
General
10.10.3
Welder qualification
10.10.4
Welding Process Specification (WPS)


Production weld
Repair welding
10.10.5


Including mechanical properties
Microstructure
10.10.6




Welding Process Qualification Record (WPQR)
CRA welding
Stainless steel (316L)
High nickel alloy (Alloy 625)
High nickel alloy (Alloy 718), (delta Phase)
Super Duplex
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
49
11. Decommissioning
The LCMSP is responsible for determining and documenting and executing requirements for the
decommissioning of traceable products in accordance with the Life Cycle Management Plan.
The plan and execution shall include:
A. The decision point(s) that will lead to the decommissioning of the equipment. If there are
multiple options for the decommissioning of the equipment, they shall be outlines, along
with the process for deciding which one will be chosen.
B. A risk assessment of the hazards associated with decommissioning, with a plan to
manage the risks appropriately. This risk assessment shall be updated immediately prior
to the actual decommissioning process with the risk management plan updated as
necessary, to ensure that it is current.
C. A review of the relevant legal requirements of the jurisdiction where the equipment is
planned or expected to be decommissioned from, and a plan to satisfy those
requirements as part of the decommissioning process. Such requirements shall include,
but not being limited to, disposal of hazardous materials.
D. A plan describing how the equipment will be decommissioned. This shall include the
steps to be taken before decommissioning, the activities to decommission. And what will
be done with the equipment after decommissioning. The plan shall include removing the
equipment from the deployed location, unless a case is made within the plan not to do so.
E. Criteria by which success of the decommissioning process is defined.
If it is not possible to remove the equipment, post-decommissioning actions may be required to
ensure compliance to the legal requirements – for example environmental monitoring or access
control. If such actions are required, they shall be specified in the decommissioning plan.
At the end of the decommissioning process, a report shall be written capturing the date and
location of the decommissioning, the parties involved, and the outcome of the decommissioning
process, including the criteria by which success was to be measured, as outlined in the plan.
All documentation shall be retained and available for a minimum of five years past the date of
decommissioning of the equipment. The decommissioning report shall be approved by the
LCMSP and the owner/operator and included in the PHF.
12. Certification
50
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
51
Annex A
(Normative)
Manufacturing Data Book Requirements
The below mentioned document contents for the construction of the Material Data Book (MDB) and Project History
File (PHF) shall be provided and recorded in order to provide the minimum traceability requirements for
maintenance and remanufacturing of pressure control equipment manufactured under API-16A.
Manufacturing Data Book (MDB)
Delivered to Client
Maintained by
Manufacturer
√
√
Only if requested by customer
√
√
√
√
√
b) Tensile tests (QTC)
√
√
c) Impact tests (QTC as required)
√
√
d) Hardness tests (QTC)
√
√
May be difficult to get for older products,
can be retrieved if brought in for repair at
original facility
√
√
√
√
Most OEM's give a Weld Data Sheet
which includes:
- Welder ID
- Filler Metal
- Heat and/or batch number
- WPS #
- Stress Charts
- PWHT
√
All remaining
documentation
required as defined
in API 16A are kept
at OEM facility for
required length of
time
a) Surface NDE Records
√
√
b) Full penetration fabrication
√
√
c) Weld volumetric NDE records
√
√
d) Repair weld NDE records
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
Document Contents
Date of Manufacturing
Serial Numbers of equipment and location
Design Verification Report
Material Test Records (including the following):
a) Chemical Analysis
e) NDE Personnel qualification records
Material Specification Number
Welding Process Records
NDE Records:
Heat Treatment Records
a) Actual Temperature
b) Actual times at temperature
Third Party or Class Society Inspection Reports
52
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Manufacturing Data Book (MDB) continued.
Delivered to Client
Maintained by
Manufacturer
√
√
√
Limited scope and pressure test only
√
Document Contents
Test Report(s), Pressure Testing and FAT
a) Volumetric NDE Records / radiographic UT
Records
b) Hydrostatic pressure test records
c) Critical dimensions (as defined by OEM)
√
√
Limited scope and basic dimensions only Critical dimensions
(height, weight, etc…)
kept by OEM.
Certificate of Conformance
a) include standard to which equipment is
certified to
√
√
Delivered to Client
Maintained by
Manufacturer
Product History File (PHF) Repair with Original parts Only
Document Contents
Manufacturing Data Book
Serial Numbers of equipment and location
Design Verification Report
Third Party or Class Society Inspection Reports
Test Report(s), Pressure Testing and FAT
√
√
Still covered by original design
verification , however design
verification reports remain proprietary
to OEM
√
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
√
N/A
b) Hydrostatic pressure test records
√
Limited scope and pressure test only
N/A
c) Critical dimensions (as defined by OEM)
√
Limited scope and basic dimensions
only (height, weight, etc…)
√
N/A
a) Volumetric NDE Records / radiographic
UT Records
Certificate of Conformance
a) include standard to which equipment is
certified to
N/A
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
Product History File (PHF) Repair with NON-OEM parts Only
Manufacturing Data Book
(if available)
53
√
N/A
√
N/A
Repair facility will be required to
ensure that all design verification is
compliant with API 16A.
N/A
PMI Test
√
N/A
Material Specification Number
√
N/A
√
Most OEM's give a Weld Data Sheet
which includes:
- Welder ID
- Filler Metal
- Heat and/or batch number
- WPS #
- Stress Charts
- PWHT
√
N/A
√
N/A
√
N/A
√
N/A
√
N/A
b) Hydrostatic pressure test records
√
Limited scope and pressure test only
N/A
c) Critical dimensions (as defined by OEM)
√
Limited scope and basic dimensions
only (height, weight, etc…)
N/A
√
N/A
Serial Numbers of equipment and location
Design Verification Report
(if available)
Welding Process Records
(if applicable)
NDE Records
Heat Treatment Records (if applicable)
Third Party or Class Society Inspection Reports
Test Report(s), Pressure Testing and FAT
a) Volumetric NDE Records / radiographic UT
Records
Certificate of Compatibility
a) include standard to which equipment is
certified to
N/A
54
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Annex B
(Normative)
Failure reporting (Copy of S53)
B.1 User Recommendations
B.1.1 The equipment owner of blowout prevention equipment shall provide a written failure report to the equipment
manufacturer of any malfunction or failure that occurs.
B.1.2 The failure report shall include the following:
a) as much information as possible on the operating conditions that existed at the time of the malfunction or failure;
b) an accurate a description as possible of the malfunction or failure;
c) any operating history of the blowout prevention equipment leading up to the malfunction or failure (e.g. field
repair, modifications made to the blowout prevention equipment, etc.).
B.1.3 The manufacturer shall respond to receiving the failure report and provide a timeline to provide failure
resolution.
B.2 Manufacturer’s Recommendations
B.2.1 Manufacturer’s Internal Recommendations
B.2.1.1 All significant problems experienced with blowout prevention equipment noted during its manufacture,
testing or use shall be formally communicated to the individual or group within the manufacturer's organization
responsible for the design and specification documents.
B.2.1.2 The manufacturer shall have a written procedure that describes forms and procedures for making this type
of communication, and shall maintain records of progressive design, material changes, or other corrective actions
taken for each model and size of blowout prevention equipment.
B.2.2 Manufacturer’s External Recommendations
B.2.2.1 All significant problems experienced with blowout prevention equipment shall be reported in writing to each
and every equipment owner of the blowout prevention equipment within three weeks after the occurrence.
B.2.2.2 The manufacturer shall communicate any design changes resulting from a malfunction or failure history to
every equipment owner using the affected equipment. That notice shall be within 14 days after the design change.
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
55
Annex C
(Normative)
OEM ownership
Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) as per API-53STD.
The design owner or manufacturer of the traceable assembled equipment, single equipment unit, or component
part.
NOTE: If any alterations to the original design and/or assembled equipment or component part are made by
anyone other than the OEM, the assembly, part, or component is not considered an OEM product. The party that
performs these alterations is then designated as the OEM.
New pressure
control equipment
Remanufacture
(hot work)
Repair /
Maintenance
OEM parts
Yes
OEM remains
the same for the
whole assembly
after repair
No
Non OEM
Assembly after repair
contains parts from
various suppliers.
OEM will only
guarantee
performance of the
original product.
Owner / User controls
the specification of the
hybrid system, unless
one of the suppliers of
parts adopts the
assembly as OEM and
will provide a COC for
the assembly.
OEM or OEM
licensed
facility
Yes
OEM remains the
same for the
remanufactured part
No
Non OEM
Repairer of the part
becomes the OEM
for the part
56
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Annex D
(Informative)
Certificate Of Conformance (COC)
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
57
Annex E
(informative)
Recommended weld preparation design dimensions
Dimensions in millimetres (inches) unless otherwise indicated
a) V-groove
b) U-groove
c) Heavy-wall V-groove
a
Maximum misalignment.
Figure A.1 — Pipe butt welds
Dimensions in millimetres (inches) unless otherwise indicated
58
a
b
c
d
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Maximum misalignment (unless removed by machining).
Remove to sound metal by machining.
Maximum misalignment.
Backing shall be removed. Material shall be compatible with base material.
Figure A.2 — Attachment welds
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
59
Dimensions in millimetres (inches) unless otherwise indicated
a
b
Ratio of d1 to D2 shall not exceed 1,5:1.
Depth required to maintain a maximum of 1,5:1 depth, d1, to diameter, D2, ratio.
a) Hole repair
Key
1 side
2 end
a
Original area.
b) Excavation for repair (removal of sample discontinuities in weld metal and base metal)
Figure A.3 — Repairs
Dimensions in millimetres (inches)
60
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
a) Bushing/seat cavity (W)
b) Ring groove (X)
c) Body cavity (Z)
d) Body repair (Y)
Key
1 optional additional layers
a
b
c
Thickness of weld after machining equal to approx. 5 ( 3/16).
Weld thickness after machining.
d
Maximum weld after machining (approx.).
By 19 (3/4) width.
e
Minimum build-up.
Figure A.4 — Weld repair and overlay, typical weld bead sequences
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
Annex E
(Informative)
61
62
API SPECIFICATION 16AR
Annex F
(Informative)
SPECIFICATION FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURING OF W ELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
Additional copies are available through Global Engineering
Documents at (800) 854-7179 or (303) 397-7956
Information about API Publications, Programs and Services is
available on the World Wide Web at http://www.api.org
Product No: G6HT01
63