1
Volume measures of education
in the Norwegian National
Accounts
1
Education in Norwegian National Accounts
Four industries in NACE education:
• Local government educational services
• Central government educational services
• Private NPISH
• Private educational services, market producers
2
Data sources for education
• Primary and lower secondary education
– The information system for primary and lower secondary education
(GSI – Grunnskolenes informasjonssystem)
– KOSTRA "Municipality-State-Reporting ”
• Upper secondary education
– KOSTRA "Municipality-State-Reporting ”
• Tertiary education
– The database for statistics on higher education (DBH)
• Adult education
– The information system for primary and lower secondary education
3
Primary and lower secondary education
•
Education is given in ordinary and special schools. Costs per pupil are
much higher in special schools.
•
The volume indicator is the number of pupil hours
– number of hours spent at being thought
•
The volume indicator is weighted by the adjusted gross operating
expenditure from the previous year
Volume
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
index
2003
2003
2003
2003
Central governm ent education services
0,909
1,053
0,955
1,002
Local governm ent education services
1,014
1,053
Volume
index
2004
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
2004
2004
2004
1,073
1,018
0,989
1,105
1,025
1,041
1,012
1,018
1,018
1,012
Private non-profit institutions serving households
0,934
1,043
1,065
0,915
1,075
1,033
1,074
1,034
4
Upper secondary education
•
•
General theoretical education and vocational training divided into 15 courses
For education provided by the county authorities volume measures are based
on full year equivalents for each course
– a convertion of the number of pupils in proportion to the share of the course they are
attending
– weighted by the adjusted gross operating expenditure at course level from the
previous year
•
Volume indices for central government and private NPISH are based on number
of pupils
Volume
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
index
2003
2003
2003
2003
Central governm ent education services
0,939
1,052
1,007
0,981
Local governm ent education services
1,039
1,053
Volume
index
2004
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
2004
2004
2004
0,914
1,019
0,935
0,997
0,998
1,096
0,995
1,018
1,022
0,991
Private non-profit institutions serving households
1,110
1,043
0,984
1,177
1,046
1,033
1,009
1,070
5
Tertiary education
•
•
•
Tertiary education consists of courses at universities and university
colleges.
Number of students by institution are used as volume indicator. Each
universitity is further stratified by groups of faculties according to unit
costs.
For universities and state university colleges cost data on institution and
faculty level are available and used to weight the volume indicator.
Volume
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
index
2003
2003
2003
2003
Central governm ent education services
1,079
1,053
1,028
1,106
Private education services, m arket producers
0,978
1,057
0,975
1,060
Volume
index
2004
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
2004
2004
2004
1,011
1,019
1,016
1,014
0,962
1,055
1,002
1,013
6
Adult education
•
Volume indicies are based on teacher hours
– the total amount of teaching hours offered by the teachers during one school
year
•
•
We assume the same volume growth for market producers and NPISH
due to lack of data
Production in current prices is dominated by the local government and
market producers (adult education associations)
Volume
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
index
2003
2003
2003
2003
Central governm ent education services
0,708
1,052
0,926
0,805
Volume
index
2004
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
2004
2004
2004
0,820
1,017
0,670
1,245
Local governm ent education services
1,043
1,053
1,012
1,085
1,021
1,018
1,020
1,019
Private education services, m arket producers
1,101
1,057
1,062
1,096
0,861
1,055
1,030
0,882
Private non-profit institutions serving households
1,051
1,059
1,062
1,048
1,027
1,031
1,030
1,028
7
Aggregated volume indicies by industry
•
In 2003 output method gives lower volume growth in all industries
except for NPISH
•
In 2004 output method gives higher volume growth in local goverment
and for the market producers
Volume
index
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
2003
2003
Central governm ent education services
1,036
1,050
1,023
1,063
Volume
index
Input price New volumeImplicite price
index
index
index
2004
2004
1,025
1,019
1,008
1,037
Local governm ent education services
1,024
1,049
1,017
1,056
1,006
1,018
1,019
1,005
Private education services, m arket producers
1,022
1,048
1,009
1,062
1,042
1,052
1,113
0,984
Private non-profit institutions serving households
1,017
1,045
1,033
1,030
1,057
1,033
1,041
1,048
8
Concluding remarks
• Further evaluation of our calculation methods and data
sources
• Statistics Norway is developing detailed account statistics
for NPISH providing educational services
• In the longer term introduce quality adjustment in the
calculations of the volume indicators
9