HOW TO DESIGN A
PRESENTATION
Adapted from:
A SUCCESSFUL PRESENTATION REQUIRES EXTENSIVE
PREPARATION OF CONTENTS...
Progress in
working out
presentation
Stages:
• Collect
information
• Discover
• Carry out
interview
• Gain insights
• Analyse results
• Work out possible
structure
Analyse
interrelations
Structure
• Document
• Present
• Convince
Content
Form
Communicate
Time
-1-
…BUT ANALYSES ARE JUDGED BY THE QUALITY OF THE
PRESENTATION
Presentation
Content
Form
Oral presentation
Message
Clear
Convincing
Logic
Simple
Interactive
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THE PRESENTATION SHOULD BE SIMPLE AND
WELL-STRUCTURED
Build up the presentation as a “story“
Reduce information to the essential
So-called „backups" can be used as slides to support the core messages
if necessary
Adjust presentation to listeners
Group, structure and summarise information
Depict essential facts graphically
Uniform structure of all individual slides (e.g. size of title, colour)
from 1st presentation
-3-
STORY IS BACKED UP BY ATTENTIVE CONTACT WITH AUDIENCE
Some rules of presentation
Tell a story
•
Introduction to slide before it is shown
•
Do not tell what is on the slide, but what it means
•
Link slides with your words (esp. if several people are presenting), i. e. think of
connections between parts
Do not ask too much of addressee
•
First explain slide in an overview, then go into details
•
Graphs: first core message, then "technical" explanation of details (e.g. axes)
Talk to listeners
•
… not to projection wall
•
Eye contact is important
•
Positive tone: emphasise what can be learned
•
Pay attention to voice (no piping or whispering voice), stress important points
Pay attention to reaction of audience
•
Have they understood? Are they interested? Should I talk faster? Or slower?
•
Involve audience
•
Be prepared to leave out slides if there is a lack of time
-4-
IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW HOW TO HANDLE SLIDES
Do not cover parts of a slide while explaining another part
Tip:
Use two slides you can put on top of each other
Audience should be able to read slides
Tip:
- do not cover slides
- do not explain next to projector but next to projection wall
Tip: During the presentation you should always be able to have a look at the current
and next slide
-5-
IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES FOR BEAMER PRESENTATIONS
1.
Perfect knowledge of PowerPoint and technical details
2.
Animations should be targeted and used sensibly
3.
During the presentation it is useful to already know the next slide
Tip: print presentation on handout
4.
Find link to next slide
5.
Do not look into laptop
6.
Go to next slide manually
7.
If possible, use wireless mouse
8.
Colours should be targeted at a specific aim
9.
If possible, use pictures that are built up graphically
10.
Use beamer presentations in a targeted way
Source: IRK Team Dr. Allhoff, Dr. Teuchert
-6-
EVERY SLIDE SHOULD BE SELF-EXPLAINING
1. Slide should have core statement
•
Every slide needs a title
•
Title contains core statement of slide
•
Other content of slide details core statement
•
Core statement of slide is visually emphasised
2. Slide should be easily understandable
•
Label all axes, define measure units if necessary
•
Indicate year of dates
•
Pay attention to consistency of figures, concepts and denominations
•
Explain abbreviations
•
Indicate data sources
-7-
BRIEF AND PRECISE PHRASES ARE NOT THAT DIFFICULT TO
MAKE UP
Wrong
•
Listening and comprehension are
going to get better
•
Capacity of the memory is five times
higher
•
Speaker appears more professional
and convincing
•
More frequently a consensus is
reached
•
Sessions take up to 30% less time
Right
•
Better comprehension
•
Higher capacity of memory
•
Speaker more convincing
•
Consensus more frequent
•
Sessions 1/3 shorter
-8-
QUANTITATIVE INFORMATION SHOULD BE
DEPICTED GRAPHICALLY
Structural comparison
Composition
Distribution
Comparison of performance
Time series
Ranking series
Correlation
200
150
100
50
0
1st 2nd 3rd
Qtr Qtr Qtr
4th
Qtr
With a touch of creativity you can create countless similar charts
-9-
EVEN QUALITATIVE INFORMATION CAN BE CONVERTED
INTO A GRAPH
Flow chart
Organisation chart
Network chart
xxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxx
Evaluation table
Cobweb model
Map
xxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
-10-
COMPLEX PROCESSES ARE BEST BROKEN DOWN INTO
INDIVIDUAL STEPS
1
2
Preparation of
application
3
Written
application
• Career planning
• Curriculum vitae
• Labour market
• Letters
• Analysis of
• strengths/
weaknesses
• Other enclosures
Application by
telephone/
application test
4
Job interview
• Procedure of
phonecalls
• Procedure of
interviews
• Presentation of
various application
tests
• Factors for success
• Frequently asked
questions
• Tips on how to handle
tests
-11-
IN SUMMARY: TEN RULES
Slides
•
•
•
•
Simple and comprehensible
“And what for?"
Title = key to the slide
Use pictures
Story
•
•
•
•
•
Has to be tailor-made
Clear logic
Structure by means of slides that resume
Titles themselves need to be able to tell the story
If in doubt leave it out
Quality
• Check again and again
-12-