Management Functions
Administration
• It is concerned about the determination of
objectives and major policies of an
organization.
Management
• It puts into action the policies and plans laid
down by the administration
Type of function
• It is an executive function.
• It is a determinative function.
Management
Administration
Scope
• It takes decisions within the framework set by the
administration.
Management
• It takes major decisions of an enterprise as a whole.
Administration
Level of authority
• It is a top-level activity
Administration
• It is a middle level activity.
Management
Nature of status
• It is a group of managerial personnel who use their
specialized knowledge to fulfill the objectives of an
enterprise
Management
• It consists of owners who invest capital in and
receive profits from an enterprise
Administration
Difference between Administration and
Management in Nursing
Basis of
difference
Administration
Management
Nature of work
It is concerned about the determination of objectives and major
policies of an organization.
It puts into action the policies and plans laid
down by the administration.
Type of function
It is a determinative function.
It is an executive function.
Scope
It takes major decisions of an enterprise as a whole.
It takes decisions within the framework set
by the administration.
Level of
authority
It is a top-level activity.
It is a middle level activity.
Nature of status
It consists of owners who invest capital in and receive profits
from an enterprise.
It is a group of managerial personnel who
use their specialized knowledge to fulfill the
objectives of an enterprise.
Nature of usage
It is popular with government, military, educational, and religious
organizations.
It is used in business enterprises.
Decision making
Its decisions are influenced by public opinion, government
policies, social, and religious factors.
Its decisions are influenced by the values,
opinions, and beliefs of the managers.
Main functions
Planning and organizing functions are involved in it.
Motivating and controlling functions are
involved in it.
Abilities
It needs administrative rather than technical abilities.
It requires technical activities.
Difference between Administrator & Manager
Definition
• is the person who is responsible for forming the
strategic vision of the organization (top-level of
hierarchy).
Administrator
• is the person who is responsible for translating the
administration's vision into operating plans and acting
in the middle and first-line levels of hierarchy
Manager
Activities
Administrator
• Concerned with forming a strategy of the organization
Manager
• Concerned with forming the operation of the unit(s).
Events
•
Manager
Inside the unit(s)
Administrator
• Inside and outside the organization and how it affect
work.
Plan
• Administrator
long term plans
•
Manager
short term plans
Difference between Administrator & Manager
Basis of
difference
Administrator
Manager
Definition
Administrator is the person who
is responsible for forming the
strategic vision of the
organization (top-level of
hierarchy).
Manager is the person who is responsible for
translating the administration's vision into
operating plans and acting in the middle and
first-line levels of hierarchy
Activities
To formulate organizational
structure.
To direct, supervise personnel working in the
formulated organizational structure.
Events
Inside and outside the
organization and how it affect
work.
Inside the unit (s)
Plan
long term plans
short term plans
Authority
To formulate organizational
structure.
To direct, supervise personnel working in the
formulated organizational structure.
Define
mission, philosophy, goals, and
policies governing the
organization
goals and objectives governing the
unit/department
• Leadership is a process of getting things done
through people. Leadership is not a science.
Leadership means responsibility. The leader is look to
get the job done.
• Leadership is guiding a person or group toward the
best results. It is having sound understanding to
determine and ability to articulate visions and goals.
What is the Difference between Leadership and Management?
Leadership
1
Based on influence
2
Formally designated position Management An informal designation
3
An achieved position
4
Independent of management
Leadership
Leadership
Based on authority Management
An assigned position
Leadership
Management
Dependent and improved by use of
effective leadership skills
Management
5
Part of every nurse's role
Leadership
Nurse's role in the assigned
managerial positions Management
6
Focusing on service, based on position
power
Management
Focusing on people, inspiring and
motivating followers, based on
personal power
Leadership
7
Acting as a facilitator, and coach
Acting as a boss
8
Aimed to change for improvement
Aimed to maintain stability
The organizational structure of nursing service
department
• The organizational structure furnishes the formal
framework in which the management process takes
place. It provides:
– effective work system
– network of communications.
• The organization contains both formal and informal
structures.
Nursing department structure
• Based on:
• organizational goals
• philosophy, & objectives
• Specifies how much:
• position in the department
• nursing department is related to hospital departments
Organizational chart
• It is a diagram shows the different positions
and departments, and the relationships
among them.
• It is used to show:
• The formal organizational relationships.
• Areas of responsibility.
• Persons to whom one is accountable.
• Channels of communication.
Organizational chart
Types of organizational charts
•
Vertical charts:
It shows high-level management at the top
with formal lines of authority down the
hierarchy.
•
A left-to-right (horizontal) charts:
It shows the high-level management at the
left with lower positions to the right.
Functions of Management
1. Planning Function:
- function of forecasting and decision making.
The planning process :
– Mission
– Choice of objectives and guides for decision making
– Necessary rules for their accomplishment
– Mechanism to measure the accomplishment
The duration of planning
long-term (strategic)
short-term (operational)
:Strategic plan
•The organizational plan that includes the development of overall
organizational goals and objectives are known as
2. Organizing Function
• The organizing purpose is
– To establish a chain of command and a division of
labor to accomplish the ends (goals).
• The organizing process involves:
– Identification of duties to be performed.
– Grouping of duties to indicate division arrangements.
– Assignment of authority.
3. Staffing Function
•
Purpose is to manage activities and adequate
personnel to fulfill the organization's objectives.
The staffing process
• Determining workloads or patient care needs.
• Developing staffing patterns.
• Developing staffing plan.
• Personnel management and development.
4. Directing Function
•
Directing process is a continuous and interrelated task of
leadership and supervision of personnel towards
organizational objectives.
•
The directing process involves:
• Giving directions and Delegation.
• Establishing an organizational communication
system.
• Creating a motivating climate and motivation system.
• Providing supervision, guidance, instruction, and
training.
5. Controlling Function
•
Is defined as: The management process that
aims at monitoring performance, comparing it
with goals, and taking corrective action is
known as
•
The controlling process
1.
2.
3.
4.
Establishment of standard related to particular
course of action.
Measuring actual performance against these
standards.
Reporting the results.
Correcting deviations from standard.
Levels of management:
•
Since the organization is a hierarchy, the
work of management is divided into three
main levels of responsibility.
•
•
•
Top-level managers
Middle-level
First-line level
Nurse Managers' Roles
• Nurse Managers, at all managerial levels, are accountable
for:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Nursing practice/ patient care.
Managing resources.
Development of personnel.
Compliance with standards of care.
Strategic planning.
Collaboration among departments.
•
•
Skills are "the abilities developed by
managers through knowledge, information
& practice".
Management Skills can be divided into 3
categories
•
•
•
Technical
Interpersonal
Conceptual
1-Technical Skills
• Perform a specialised task :e.g. Head nurses
have technical skills in assigning, scheduling,
etc.
• Daily activities of most managers will involve
the use of some technical skills.
2-Interpersonal Skills
• Most top managers spend about half their
time dealing with other people.
• they must develop their abilities to motivate &
communicate with those around them
• All managers require sound interpersonal skills
3-Conceptual Skills
• Ability to see the organization as a whole.
• This is a necessary skill for strategic decision
making
Any Questions ? ? ?