Internal Assessment 2015
Level 2 Economics
Name: _______________________
Teacher: GL
Achievement Standard: 91225
2.4 Analyse unemployment using economic concepts and
models
Version:
2
Credits:
4
Time allowed: 4 weeks
This is an open-book research project, which will require the use of both in-class and out-ofclass time to complete. It is due on Thursday 2 July 2015 (Week 11, Term 2).
There is NO reassessment opportunity available for this
achievement standard
Authenticity:
You are reminded that work submitted must have been completed by you and not be
the work of any other student.
Plagiarism: Plagiarism is defined as using other people’s ideas and words without
clearly acknowledging the source of the information, and this includes ‘cutting and
pasting’ from internet websites without referencing the source. You should follow the
guidelines for APA referencing, as provided for this assignment. Failure to do this
correctly may result in you being awarded a ‘Not Achieved’ grade if the department
cannot clearly determine what your own work is.
Student Grade:
________________________
Note: you have 48 hours to appeal this grade from when this task is handed back to
you by your teacher. There is a process and form available to appeal grades.
If you are satisfied that you have been awarded the correct grade for this
assessment, please sign your name in the space below
_____________________________
Date: ________________
Internal Assessment Resource
Economics Level 2
This resource supports assessment against:
Achievement Standard 91225 (Version 2)
Analyse unemployment using economic concepts and models
Resource title: Investigate changes in unemployment and
the impacts of these changes on various groups in New
Zealand society
4 credits
Due date: Thursday 2 July 2015 (Week 11, Term 2)
Quality assurance status
Date version published by
Ministry of Education
This assessment is based on materials previously quality
assured by NZQA : NZQA Approved number: A-A-11-201191225-01-5135 (Resource reference: Economics 2.4B)
November 2011
To support internal assessment from 2012
Achievement Standard Economics 91225: Analyse unemployment
using economic concepts and models
Resource reference: Economics 2.4B
Resource title: Investigate changes in unemployment and the impacts
of these changes on various groups in New Zealand society
Credits: 4
Achievement
Achievement with Merit
Achievement with Excellence
Analyse unemployment using
economic concepts and models.
Analyse unemployment in depth
using economic concepts and
models.
Analyse unemployment
comprehensively using
economic concepts and models.
Student instructions
Introduction
This assessment activity requires you to write a report analysing unemployment in the Bay of
Plenty region and/ or New Zealand. In your report you will need to examine changes in
unemployment due to structural unemployment, and analyse the different socio-economic
impacts of these changes on various groups in New Zealand society, such as different age
groups, gender, and/or ethnicity.
You must integrate economic concepts and models into your explanations.
You will be assessed on the extent to which you link your explanation of the changes in
unemployment to the labour market and AS/AD models, and on your ability to compare the
impact of changes in unemployment on different groups in New Zealand society, such as
different ages, gender and/or ethnicities.
Although you may work as a group to research changes to unemployment in your region,
you must write the report individually. An exemplar is available on the following website:
http://ncea.tki.org.nz/Resources-for-Internally-Assessed-Achievement-Standards/Socialsciences/Economics/Level-2-Economics
You have four weeks of in- and out-of-class time to complete this activity.
Task
1. Investigate the causes of changes (increases/decreases) in unemployment in your
region and/or New Zealand. You should use a range of materials such as text books,
news stories or reports from magazines, the internet, and resources your teacher
provides. Collect data that you can use to support an explanation of changes in
unemployment patterns within either/both the Bay of Plenty and/or New Zealand.
Websites that you can use to collect data are:
http://www.stats.govt.nz/tools_and_services/tools/TableBuilder.aspx
http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/income-andwork/employment_and_unemployment.aspx - search “Household Labour Force
Survey”
http://www.stats.govt.nz/publications/businessindicators/nz-a-regional-profile.aspx.
http://www.scoop.it/t/unemployment-in-the-bay-of-plenty-and-new-zealand
2. Prepare a report with 4 sections:
Section 1: Causes of unemployment
o
Describe changes in the unemployment rate over time in your region and/or
NZ, explaining the cause of the changes (consider cyclical, frictional &
structural unemployment). Create a graph using data found in your research
process and refer to it in your explanation.
Section 2: Impact of structural unemployment
o
Use a local or New Zealand industry that has gone through structural
changes to illustrate and explain the changes on a labour market model.
o
Explain what sunrise and sunset industries are. Use the concept of sunset
and sunrise industries to explain the impact of the changes in structural
unemployment. Use a correctly labelled labour market model to support your
explanation. Refer to both voluntary and involuntary unemployment.
Section 3: Unemployment and the AS/AD model
o
Explain the relationship between the causes of unemployment and the
AS/AD model.
Section 4: Socio-economic impacts of unemployment
o
Contrast the socio-economic impacts of unemployment on at least two
different groups within our society, such as different age groups, gender,
and/or ethnicity.
For example, 1) male vs. female unemployment AND 2) 15-24 year old
unemployment vs 25-34 year old unemployment. Refer to changes in
demand for labour, using the labour market model in your explanations.
When you have finished, hand in your report to your teacher.
Appendix A: Data and Graph using Canterbury as an example
Canterbury Unemployment Rate
6
Percentage
5
4
3
Unemployment Rate
2
1
Ju
n0
Se 7
p0
De 7
c0
M 7
ar
-0
8
Ju
n0
Se 8
p0
De 8
c0
M 8
ar
-0
9
Ju
n09
0
Canterbury
Unemployment
Rate (%)
Jun-07
3.2
Sep-07
2.6
Dec-07
2.6
Mar-08
2.7
Jun-08
3.2
Sep-08
3.3
Dec-08
3.5
Mar-09
4.7
Jun-09
4.8
Quarterly Figures
There was a decline in unemployment in Canterbury in 2007, which saw an increase in
people moving from other regions to take advantage of the jobs on offer. This is referred to
in the Internal Migration article on the Statistics NZ website where it states “People were
motivated to move to the Canterbury region for economic and employment reasons (Mar
‘07)”.
http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/migration/internal-migration/reasonsfor-moving-within-between-regions.aspx
Between 2001 and 2006, Canterbury gained 8,100 people from internal migration. In 2006,
11% of total overseas people settled in the Canterbury/West Coast region.
www.stats.govt.nz/Publications/PopulationStatistics/internal-migration/population-movingnorth-or-south.aspx.
Appendix B: Manufacturing (Clothing and Textiles) Age Group
Information, and Graph (following page)
Unemployment Rate for Different Age Groups %
Quarter
(15-19)
(20-24)
(25-29)
(30-34)
(35-39)
(40-44)
(45-49)
(50-54)
(55-59)
(60-64)
Jun-07
13.4
6.2
4.8
2
1.9
2.9
2.6
1.4
1.6
1.4
Sep-07
15.4
5.5
3.2
2.8
1.9
2.2
2.4
2.1
1.6
0.9
Dec-07
12.9
5.2
3.5
2.5
3.2
2
1.9
1.6
1.1
1.4
Mar-08
15.5
8.5
5.4
2.9
2.7
2.7
2.1
2.3
2.2
1.9
Jun-08
15.4
6.8
4.3
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.6
1.7
1.6
1.9
Sep-08
15.7
7.6
4.8
3.7
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.1
1.9
2.8
Dec-08
17.9
7.3
4.6
3.7
2.7
3.1
2.7
1.9
1.9
2
Mar-09
19.1
11.5
4.9
4.9
4.4
3.6
3.9
2.5
2.8
3.3
Jun-09
22.9
11.5
5.6
4.6
4.1
3
3.7
3.4
3.4
2.5
Adapted from figures from Statistics New Zealand
Unemployment Rate for Different Age Groups
25
Jun-07
Percentage
20
Sep-07
Dec-07
15
Mar-08
10
Jun-08
Sep-08
5
Dec-08
0
Mar-09
(15-19) (20-24) (25-29) (30-34) (35-39) (40-44) (45-49) (50-54) (55-59) (60-64)
Age Groups
Jun-09
Appendix C: Manufacturing Labour Market Model showing the
change in unemployment between June 2007 and June 2009
Wage
Rate
SL
Involuntary Unemployment increases
with the decrease in DL, from QSLQL to QSL-QL1, the minimum wage
rate creates disequilibrium in the
Labour market, because the wage
rate cannot lower to the previous
equilibrium W* or to the new
equilibrium W*1, to increase DL and
clear the surplus SL .
This indicates where there
would be full employment,
and with the decrease in DL
we move further away from Yf
as unemployment increases.
W min
W*
W*1
DL
DL1
QL1
QL
Q*1
Q*
QSL
Yf
Quantity of Labour
Appendix D: AS/AD model showing the impact of the current
recession
Price
Level
AS
By labelling full employment YF
it is possible to identify
unemployment as the gap
between the current national
equilibrium and the potential full
employment.
PL0
PL1
AD0
AD1
Y1
YF
Y0
Real
GDP
U0
U1
Increase in Unemployment from U0 to U1 due
to Aggregate Demand falling from AD0 to AD1
due to the losses in export markets,
decreased investment due to falling business
confidence, and decreased consumption
spending by households due to lower
consumer confidence.
Year 12 Economics Guide to APA Style Referencing.1
In-Text Citation
In-text citation is used when you are quoting from another person’s work in your work. You will cite their work in
the body of your report and then reference the quoted work in your References section. There are two ways to
quote:
1. Short quotations
If you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the author,
year of publication, and the page number for the reference (preceded by "p.").
Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase that includes the author's last
name followed by the date of publication in parentheses.
According to Jones (1998), "Students often had difficulty
using APA
style, especially when it was their first time" (p. 199).
2. Long quotations
Place direct quotations longer than 40 words in a free-standing block of
typewritten lines, and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line,
indented 1/2 inch from the left margin, i.e., in the same place you would begin
a new paragraph. Type the entire quotation on the new margin, and indent the
first line of any subsequent paragraph within the quotation 1/2 inch from the
new margin. Maintain double-spacing throughout. The parenthetical citation
should come after the closing punctuation mark.
Jones's (1998) study found the following:
Students often had difficulty using APA style,
especially when it was their first time citing sources.
This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that many
students failed to purchase a style manual or to ask
their teacher for help. (p. 199)
To reference from a book
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for
subtitle. Location: Publisher.
1
OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
To reference an article taken from a newspaper:
Unlike other periodicals, p. or pp. precedes page numbers for a newspaper reference in APA style. Single pages
take p., e.g., p. B2; multiple pages take pp., e.g., pp. B2, B4 or pp. C1, C3-C4.
Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies.
The Country Today, pp.1A, 2A.
To reference an article taken from an online source:
Newspaper:
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Newspaper. Retrieved
from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/
Parker-Pope, T. (2008, May 6). Psychiatry handbook linked to drug industry. The New
York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
Blog:
Include the title of the message and the URL. Please note that titles for items in online communities (e.g. blogs,
newsgroups, forums) are not italicized. If the author’s name is not available, provide the screen name.
Dean, J. (2008, May 7). When the self emerges: Is that me in the mirror? Message
posted to http://www.spring.org.uk/
the1sttransport. (2004, September 26). Psychology Video Blog #3 [Video File]. Video
posted to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqM90eQi5-M
Audio Podcast:
For all podcasts, provide as much information as possible; not all of the following information will be available.
Possible addition identifiers may include Producer, Director, etc.
Bell, T. & Phillips, T. (2008, May 6). A solar flare. Science @ NASA Podcast.
Podcast retrieved from http://science.nasa.gov/podcast.htm
Video Podcast:
For all podcasts, provide as much information as possible; not all of the following information will be available.
Possible addition identifiers may include Producer, Director, etc.
Scott, D. (Producer). (2007, January 5). The community college classroom [Episode
7]. Adventures in Education. Podcast retrieved from http://www.adveeducation.com
This is far from an exhaustive list of the all the referencing styles. Go to OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab for
further explanation and examples of referencing styles.