Using Information Technology Chapter 10 The Promises of the Digital Age The Promises of the Digital Age Society & Information Technology Tomorrow 10.1 Emerging Global Telecommunications 10.2 Artificial Intelligence 10.4 Health, Medicine, & Science . . . The Promises of the Digital Agee 10.3 Information & Education 2 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Promises of the Digital Age Society & Information Technology Tomorrow 10.5 Commerce & Money 10.6 Entertainment & the Arts 10.8 Jobs & Careers The Promises of the Digital Agee 10.7 Government & Electronic Democracy 3 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 10.1 Emerging Global Telecommunications Tree-and-branch - a centralized information provider sends out messages through many channels to thousands of consumers Switched-network - people on the system are not only consumers of information (“content”) but also possible providers of it The Promises of the Digital Agee Two models of telecommunications: 4 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 10.2 Artificial Intelligence Virtual reality simulated air traffic controller training Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Promises of the Digital Agee Virtual reality (VR) - a computer-generated artificial reality which projects a person into a sensation of threedimensional space 5 Artificial Intelligence Security robot on patrol at the LA County Museum of Art The Promises of the Digital Agee Robotics - the development and study of machines that can perform work normally done by people 6 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Artificial Intelligence Fuzzy logic - a method of dealing with imprecise data and uncertainty, with problems that have many answers rather than one Genetic algorithm - a program that uses Darwinian principles of random mutation to improve itself The Promises of the Digital Agee Natural language processing - the study of ways for computers to recognize and understand human language 7 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Artificial Intelligence The Promises of the Digital Agee Expert system - an interactive computer program used in solving problems that would otherwise require the assistance of a human expert 8 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Artificial Intelligence Cyborgs - hybrids of machine and organisms Artificial life - field of study concerned with “creatures”-computer instructions that are created, replicated, evolve, and die as if they were living organisms The Promises of the Digital Agee Neural networks - use physical electronic devices or software to mimic the neurological structure of the human brain 9 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Turing test - a human judge converses by means of a computer terminal with two entities hidden in another location--one a person typing on a keyboard, the other a software program Following the conversation, the judge must decide which entity is human. In this test, intelligence--the ability to think--is demonstrated by the computer’s success in fooling the judge. The Promises of the Digital Agee Artificial Intelligence 10 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Turing Test Computer program Human judge The Promises of the Digital Agee Human entity 11 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 10.3 Information & Education The Promises of the Digital Agee Intelligent agent - program which performs work tasks--such as roaming networks and compiling data--on your behalf 12 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Operating room output Entomologist in Central America Help for Stephen Hawking The Promises of the Digital Agee 10.4 Health, Medicine, & Science 13 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 10.5 Commerce & Money Sales & Marketing Banking & E-money Stock Trading Manufacturing The Promises of the Digital Agee Retailing Becomes E-Tailing 14 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Indoor computer-driven sports facility Animator and the digital face of the film’s hero The Promises of the Digital Agee 10.6 Entertainment & the Arts 15 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 10.7 Government & Electronic Democracy Online voting Campaigning Paying taxes & fines Touch screen voting The Promises of the Digital Agee Communication between residents & local government 16 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 10.8 Jobs & Careers Ways for you to find employers Ways for employers to find you Info on careers The Promises of the Digital Agee Ways for you to learn more about a potential employer 17 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check An intelligent agent The Promises of the Digital Agee What type of program performs work tasks--such as roaming networks and compiling data--on your behalf? 18 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check The Promises of the Digital Agee What is the term for hybrids of machine and organisms? Cyborgs 19 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check Knowledge base, inference engine, and user interface The Promises of the Digital Agee What are the three components of an expert system? 20 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check Natural language processing The Promises of the Digital Agee What is the branch of AI that studies ways for computers to recognize and understand human language? 21 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check The Promises of the Digital Agee What branch of AI is a method of dealing with imprecise data and uncertainty, with problems that have many answers rather than one? Fuzzy logic 22 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check Tree-and-branch model The Promises of the Digital Agee Which telecommunications model has a centralized information provider which sends out messages through many channels to thousands of consumers? 23 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check The Promises of the Digital Agee What is the term for a device that represents the behavior of physical or abstract systems? Simulator 24 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check The Promises of the Digital Agee What is the development and study of machines that can perform work normally done by people called? Robotics 25 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check Virtual reality (VR) The Promises of the Digital Agee What branch of AI is a computer-generated artificial reality, which projects a person into a sensation of three-dimensional space? 26 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Concept Check Neural networks The Promises of the Digital Agee What branch of AI uses physical electronic devices or software to mimic the structure of the human brain? 27 Copyright © 2003. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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