Susan Hamburger, Ph.D.
June 4, 2013
Cataloging formats and
standards
Authorities
Thesauri
Metadata schemas
Challenges
Opportunities
New trends
Conclusion
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Monographs
Manuscripts
Archives
Visual materials
Rare maps
Manuscript and printed music
Oral history
Moving images
Artifacts and realia
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Anglo-American Cataloging Rules 2nd ed.
(AACR2) (ALA, 2005)
◦ National cataloging code first published in 1967 (last
revised 2005) for general libraries of all sizes, covering
“the description of, and the provision of access points
for, all library materials commonly collected at the
present time.”
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Resource Description and Access (RDA) ( ALA,
2010) available online through Cataloger’s Desktop
◦ Successor to AACR2, is informed by the Functional
Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) model
and was “conceived to be a framework more flexible and
suitable for use in a digital environment.”
245:00 Hybrid factories in Latin America : $b Japanese
management transferred / $c edited by Katsuo Yamazaki, Shizuoka
Sangyo University, Japan; Wooseok Juhn, Chukyo University, Japan;
and Tetsuo Abo, Professor Emeritus, Tokyo University, Japan.
336:
text $2 rdacontent
337:
unmediated $2 rdamedia
338:
volume $2 rdacarrier
264:
1 Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire : $b Palgrave
Macmillan, $c 2013.
300:
xix, 242 pages : $b illustrations ; $c 23 cm
504:
Includes bibliographical references and index.
650: 0 International business enterprises $z Japan.
650: 0 Corporations, Japanese $z Latin America.
650: 0 Industries $z Latin America.
651: 0 Japan $x Commerce $z Latin America.
651: 0 Latin America $x Commerce.
700: 1 Yamazaki, Katsuo.
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Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials
(books) [DCRMB(B)] (ACRL, 2007, rev. 2011)
◦ Cataloging rules for rare books, that is, printed
textual monographs post-1600, receiving special
treatment within a repository
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Describing Archives: A Content Standard
(DACS) (Society of American Archivists, 2004)
◦ Output-neutral set of rules for describing archives,
personal papers, and manuscript collections
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Descriptive Cataloging of Ancient, Medieval,
Renaissance, and Early modern Manuscripts
(AMREMM) (ACRL, 2002)
◦ Item-level MARC catalog records for pre-modern
(pre-1600) manuscript materials
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Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials
(Manuscripts) [DCRM(MSS)] in draft
◦ For individual manuscripts on paper, on microfilm,
or in the form of digital surrogates.
◦ For the cataloging of individual manuscripts,
picking up where AMREMM leaves off at 1600.
◦ Not for manuscript music, manuscript maps, or
graphics
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Graphic Materials: Rules for Describing Original
Items and Historical Collections (Library of
Congress, 1982)
◦ provides guidelines for cataloging a wide variety of
visual materials from photographic prints, negatives,
and albums to posters, cartoons, popular and fine
prints, and architectural drawings
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Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials
(Graphics) [DCRM(G)] in draft
◦ Second edition of Graphic Materials discussions began in
2008
◦ RBMS working group aligning it with RDA instead of
AACR2
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Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials
(Cartographic) [DCRM(C)] in draft
◦ provides guidance for the treatment of early and
rare cartographic materials
◦ intended to replace the rules for cataloging early
cartographic materials in AACR2 and Cartographic
Materials: A Manual of Interpretation for AACR2,
Second Edition (CM)
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Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials
(Music) [DCRM(M)] in draft
◦ Covers all forms of “historical” music publishing,
including engraving and lithography
◦ Includes rules for cataloging manuscript music after
1600
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Oral History Cataloging Manual (Society of
American Archivists, 1995)
◦ Created to help mainstream oral history cataloging
◦ Rules respect the characteristics of oral history as a
distinct intellectual form
◦ Follows conventions of standard cataloging practice
◦ Based heavily on the archival approach to
cataloging
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AMIA Compendium of Moving Image
Cataloging Practice (Society of American
Archivists and Association of Moving Image
Archivists, 2001)
◦ Presents cataloging practices of 27 diverse
institutions offering solutions to cataloging
problems unique to moving images
◦ Collections include television, film, and video, and
utilize both MARC and non-MARC cataloging
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Categories for the Description of Works of Art
(CDWA)
◦ conceptual framework for describing and accessing
information about works of art, architecture, other
material culture, groups and collections of works,
and related images; revised 2009
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Cataloging Cultural Objects: A Guide to
Describing Cultural Works and Their Images
(CCO)
◦ includes rules and examples for a core subset of
the CDWA categories and the VRA Core Categories
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (lcsh)
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Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
(U.S. Geological Survey)
◦ U.S. geographic names/features
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GEOnet names server (National GeospatialIntelligence Agency)
◦ International geographic names
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Library of Congress Name Authority File (lcnaf)
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Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
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Encoded Archival Context for Corporate Bodies, Persons, and
Families (EAC-CPF)
◦ Joint project of several national libraries plus selected regional
and trans-national library agencies, implemented and hosted by
OCLC, for matching and linking widely-used authority files and
making that information available on the Web
◦ XML standard for encoding information about the creators of
archival materials and the circumstances of record creation and
use; can be used in conjunction with EAD, other standards, or for
stand-alone authority file encoding; based on the International
Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons
and Families, 2nd Edition, 2003 (ISAAR-CPF)
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Art and Architecture Thesaurus (aat)
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Thesaurus for Graphic Materials (lctgm)
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Genre Terms: A Thesaurus for Use in Rare
Book and Special Collections Cataloguing
(rbgenr)
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Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC)
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Dublin Core
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VRA Core 4
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Encoded Archival Description (EAD)
◦ Metadata set of vocabulary terms which can be used to describe
resources for the purposes of discovery. The terms can be used to
describe a full range of web resources (video, images, web pages,
etc.), physical resources such as books and objects like artworks
◦ XML schema metadata standard designed specifically for the
description of images and the cultural objects they represent
◦ XML standard for encoding archival finding aids
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Local
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Consortial
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Social media
◦ Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) Aleph
◦ CONTENTdm – digitized collections (uses Dublin Core)
◦ OCLC WorldCat – MARC records
◦ ArchiveGrid – EAD finding aids, MARC records
Flickr - images
Facebook – more in-depth what’s new
YouTube – videos from collection, how-to’s
Blogs – announcements about processed collections, new
acquisitions, help with identifying people in photos
◦ Twitter – brief blurbs (exhibit, lecture, etc.)
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Discovery
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Google
Integrated library systems
Databases
The online catalog
Finding aids
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Email
Phone
In-person
Remote
Access
 “Why can’t you just digitize everything?”
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Being able to identify what you have in hand
Knowing which descriptive standard to use
Ongoing, continuous training to stay current
Practice, practice, practice
Quality control
Providing subject headings and keywords to
help researchers in discovery
Broad dissemination of metadata across
several platforms to aid in discovery
No
No
No
No
No
No
creator
title
text
publisher
printer
place of publication
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Customization of cataloging
◦ Choose standards appropriate to material
◦ No one-size-fits-all approach based on OPAC
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Delivering metadata
◦ Portable across platforms
◦ Repurpose vs. reinvent
◦ Seamless and transparent to researchers
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New manuals targeting special materials
◦ Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials
(Manuscripts) [DCRM(MSS)]
◦ Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials (Music)
[DCRM(M)]
◦ Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials (Graphics)
[DCRM(G)]
◦ Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials
(Cartographic) [DCRM(C)]
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Replacement schema for MARC
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We live in exciting times
New standards (RDA)
New platform on the horizon (post-MARC)
Ensure metadata schemas work together
seamlessly
Above all, the end goal is to provide access
for researchers
Presentation is available at
http://scholarsphere.psu.edu/
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