Quiz 1 - KEY 1. Which of the following combinations of truth-values cannot exist in a valid argument? True premises and a false conclusion True premises and a true conclusion False premises and a true conclusion False premises and a false conclusion 2. When a term is vague, which of the following is true? Select all that apply. The extension of the term is unclear. There is uncertainty regarding the soundness of the members of the class in the term. The intension of the term is unclear. There is uncertainty over which things belong to the class that is denoted by the term. 3. Validity is to soundness as strength is to.... relative soundness! cogency hardness truth-value 4. Which of the following is true of a strong inductive argument? It is impossible to have true premises and a false conclusion at the same time. It is irrational to accept the conclusion, because the argument isn't deductive. If the premises are true, the conclusion will be necessarily true. If the premises are true, it is probable that the conclusion will be true as well. Quiz 2 - KEY 1. What kind of fallacy does the following argument commit? "When a car breaks down so often that repairs become pointless, the car is thrown on the junk heap. Similarly, when a person becomes old and diseased, he or she should be mercifully put to death." False Analogy Straw Man Ad Hominem Slippery Slope 2. Which fallacy does the argument commit? P1) Birds can fly. P2) Emus are birds. C) Therefore, emus can fly. Accident Straw Man Ad Hominem False Cause 3. You commit the appeal to ignorance fallacy when you accuse the reader or listener of being ignorant. True False 4) "Mr. Fisk claims that a happy marriage requires honesty, loyalty, and respect towards one's partner. He also emphasizes the importance of spending quality time with each other. But let me remind you of what Fisk is: a heinous criminal, who not only killed people but damaged the fabric of our city through his corruption. His romantic advice will be wrong." Which fallacy did the speaker commit? Ad hominem Red herring Accident False dichotomy 5. (1) fallacies are problems with the form of a deductive argument that make the argument invalid. (2) fallacies, on the other hand, depend on the content of an argument. 1: Formal, 2: Informal 1: Informal, 2: Formal 1: Structural, 2: Essential 1: Essential, 2: Structural Quiz 3 1. "Either Breitling has a diamond model and Rado advertises a calendar watch or Tissot watches have luminous hands." Which of the following choices correctly translates this sentence into propositional logic? B V (R • T) (B V R) • T (B • R) V T B•RVT B • (R V T) 2. "Piaget has a gold watch only if both Seiko has leather bands and Breitling has a diamond model." Which of the following correctly translates this sentence into propositional logic? correct 3) "Seiko has a quartz watch if and only if either Movado does not offer a silver dial or Rado does not have a calendar watch; however, Tissot has luminous hands only if both Fossil is water resistant and Rado has a calendar model." Which of the following choices correctly translates this sentence into propositional logic? Correct! * correct 4) Consider the following proposition: The main operator in this proposition is... •You Answered ~ () 5) Based on its truth table, the preceding proposition has the property of being ________. Self-Contradictory Tautologous Contingent Self-Consistent 6) Assume that A and B are true, while X and Y are false. What is the truth-value of this argument? True False Quiz 4 1) Select the conclusion that follows in a single step from the given premises (along with the rule of inference). _____________ [ __ , ___ ] [2, Add]ct! ~T [2, Simp] [2,3, MT] [2, Add] 2) If you go to the beach, you'll be eaten by a shark. If you're eaten by a shark, you won't be able to take your test next Wednesday. So if you go to the beach, you won't be able to take that test next Wednesday. What rule of inference am I using to arrive at the conclusion? Constructive dilemmaCorrect! Pure hypothetical syllogism Modus ponens Addition 3) Imagine I want to prove the following statement: Which statement should I assume on the line that begins my conditional proof? ct! A 4) The truth-table for the following proposition would contain how many rows? ! 8 16 6 4 5) Which of the following is not a potential translation of "X, but Y also." "X; however, Y." "X and Y."Correct! "X only if Y." ?
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