Media Contacts: Jonathan Pelts – [email protected], 940-­‐391-­‐5873 Lizzie Haldane – [email protected], 914-­‐522-­‐3282 The 2014 Racial and Gender Report Card: Major League Baseball By Dr. Richard Lapchick With Juan Dominguez, Leslie Martinez and Stephens Rogers Published May 7, 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Orlando, FL-­‐ May 7, 2014 With only small changes within each category, Major League Baseball once again had an A grade on the issue of racial hiring practices, a C+ for gender hiring practices, and an overall grade of B/B+ in the 2014 MLB Racial and Gender Report Card (MLB RGRC). MLB reached a score of 91.2 for racial hiring practices, up from 91 in 2013. MLB’s grade for gender hiring practices dropped slightly to 77.5 points from 77.6 in 2013. Finally, MLB again achieved a combined grade of a B/B+ with 84.4 points, up slightly from the 2013 RGRC when it accumulated 84.3 points. The Racial and Gender Report Card annually asks, “Are we playing fair when it comes to sports? Does everyone, regardless of race or gender, have a chance to play or to operate a team?” Dr. Richard Lapchick, the primary author of the study and the director of The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport (TIDES or the Institute) at the University of Central Florida (UCF) said, “Now in his final season, Commissioner Bud Selig is recognized for his contributions of increasing diversity in baseball. MLB continues to make real progress in the areas of inclusion and diversity. The only exceptions for this report were in the League Central Office. MLB’s efforts are led by Wendy Lewis, Sr. Vice President for Diversity and Strategic Alliances.” Lapchick noted that, “In celebrating this 67th anniversary of Jackie Robinson breaking the color barrier, it is vital that we focus on the dream he set forth for baseball. Jackie wanted to see a diverse mixture of people participating in the sport through all levels: on the field as coaches and players, as well as those RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 2|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… in the front office. As has been the case for several years, the percentage of African-­‐American baseball players in MLB dropped to match its all-­‐time low in 2007 at 8.2 percent. At the League Office, there were good grades for hiring people of color (A+) and women (B-­‐) although the percentages for both declined slightly for the third consecutive year. At the team level, which has historically been far behind the League Office, only two grades for race improved slightly, managers and coaches, while senior administration in the gender category decreased. The front office of the teams should continue to make an effort to create a work force that mirrors America.” Lapchick continued, “Although the total percentage of players of color has steadily risen over the years, there has been a concern in Major League Baseball about the relatively small and declining percentage of African-­‐American players. The concern is shared by leaders in the African-­‐American community and all groups supporting diversity and inclusion. MLB’s appointment of a task force to address this is a step in the right direction.” However, the 39.1 percent of players who are people of color also make the playing fields look more like America, with its large Latino population. Latino players saw a slight increase from 28.2 percent in 2013 to 28.4 percent of all baseball players for the 2014 season. There was an increase in the percentage of people of color as managers, coaches, team vice presidents, team senior administrators, and team professional administrators while there was a decrease in the percentage of people of color in the League Office. All changes were small except in the League Office where it was a 2.9 percentage point drop. There was an increase in the percentage of women as team professional administration while there was a decrease for women in the League Office, team vice presidents, and team senior administrators. All changes were small except in the League Office where it was a substantial 5.6 percentage point drop. Lapchick added that, “Overall, during the Commissioner’s tenure, he and his team in the League Office have had a strong positive impact on the diversity record for Major League Baseball. MLB continues to have an outstanding record for diversity initiatives, which include the eight annual Civil Rights Game, Jackie Robinson Day, Roberto Clemente Day and the 2014 MLB Diversity Business Summit, which was recently held in New York City.” All data was collected by the MLB Central Office and passed on to the research team at The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport in the University of Central Florida’s DeVos Sport Business Management Graduate Program. TIDES was able to do this because of the in-­‐depth human resource record keeping now being done by MLB. Using data from the 2013 season, The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport conducted an analysis of the racial breakdown of the MLB players, managers and coaches. In addition, this MLB Report Card includes a racial and gender breakdown of the owners, management in the MLB Central Office as well as the team level, top team management, team senior administration, team professional administration, physicians, and head trainers. An overview of player positions is also included. Listings of professional owners, general managers, and managers were updated as of March 30, 2014. The MLB player demographics for the 2014 Opening Day rosters are also included. Tables for the report are included in Appendix I. The MLB’s extensive diversity initiatives are listed in Appendix II. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 3|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… It is imperative that sport teams play the best athletes they have available to win games. The Institute strives to emphasize the business value of diversity to sports organizations when they choose their team on the field and in the office. Diversity initiatives, like diversity and inclusion management training, can help change attitudes and increase the applicant pool for open positions. It is obviously the choice of the organization regarding which applicant is the best fit for their ball club, but the Institute wants to illustrate how important it is to have a diverse organization involving individuals who happen to be of a different race or gender because it can provide a different perspective, and possibly a competitive advantage for a win in the board room as well as on the field. The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport at the University of Central Florida publishes the Racial and Gender Report Card to indicate areas of improvement, stagnation and regression in the racial and gender composition of professional and collegiate sports personnel and to contribute to the improvement of integration in front office and college athletics department positions. REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Players 25-­‐Man Major League rosters • 2014 Opening Day, 25-­‐Man Major League rosters who identified themselves as African-­‐American or black was approximately 8.2 percent, which was a decline from 8.3 percent in 2013 and 8.9 percent in 2012. This matched the all-­‐time low in the 2007 season. The first round of the 2013 First-­‐Year Player Draft featured the selections of six African-­‐American players (6-­‐of-­‐33, 18.2 percent). African-­‐
American players accounted for 14 of the 73 selections that were made on the first day of the 2013 MLB draft. • The percentage of Latino players increased from 28.2 percent in 2013 to 28.4 percent on 2014 opening day rosters. • The percentage of Asians decreased from 2.1 percent in 2013 to two percent in 2014. •
The percentage of whites was 60.9 percent, down from the 61.2 percent in 2013. • The debate on why African-­‐Americans seem to be abandoning baseball continues to be a concern for MLB, which has several urban youth initiatives to address this including: o Reviving Baseball in Inner Cities (RBI) o MLB’s Urban Youth Academy o Commissioner’s On-­‐Field Diversity Task Force • Commissioner Selig established the creation of an On-­‐Field Diversity Task Force to address the talent pipeline that impacts the representation and development of diverse players and on-­‐field personnel in Major League Baseball, particularly African-­‐Americans. The wide-­‐ranging group, which includes representatives from Club ownership, Club front offices, MLB's Central Office, Minor League Baseball, former players, the Major RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 4|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… League Baseball Players Association, the MLB Scouting Bureau, and collegiate baseball, has been focusing on the myriad of issues influencing on-­‐field diversity at all levels of baseball.
International Players* •
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The percentage of international players in MLB on 2014 Opening Day 25-­‐man rosters and inactive lists was 26.1 percent who were born outside the 50 United States. These players come from 16 countries and territories. This was a decline of 2.1 percentage points in 2013. The all-­‐time high was 29.2 percent (242/829) on the 2005 Opening Day rosters of players were born outside the U.S. *Note:*The 223 players born outside the U.S. come from the pool of 853 players (750 active 25-­‐
man roster players and 103 disabled or restricted Major League players) on March 30th rosters and represent 16 countries and territories outside the U.S., the highest total since 16 countries were also represented in 2008.
MLB Central Office • According to Major League Baseball, of the 527 front-­‐office employees, 9.3 percent are African-­‐
American, 12.9 percent are Latino, three percent are Asian, and 2.7 percent are classified as American Indian and Two or More Races. • Women make up 30 percent of the total workforce, a decrease of 5.6 percentage points, while people of color make up 27.9 percent, a decrease of 2.9 percentage points. • At the senior executive level, 17.9 percent of the 56 employees were people of color, compared to 20 percent of 60 employees in 2013. Women occupied 21.4 percent of the positions, which was a major increase of 18.7 percent compared to 2013. At the director and managerial level, 32 percent of the 122 employees were people of color, which was an increase of 5.3 percent. Women occupied 26.2 percent of the posts, which was a decrease of 3.8 percent. Ownership •
Arturo Moreno, who owns the Los Angeles Angels, is the only Latino majority owner in professional sport. Several MLB franchises now have minority ownership. Two examples of African-­‐American minority owners of MLB franchises are Earvin “Magic” Johnson who is a member of an ownership group that now owns the Los Angeles Dodgers and Paxton Baker, minority owner of the Washington Nationals. • Owners of MLB franchises who are female include individuals with the New York Yankees, Washington Nationals and the Chicago Cubs. Jessica, Joan, and Jennifer Steinbrenner all serve as Vice Chairperson’s with the New York Yankees. The Washington Nationals have four female Principal Owners who include Annette Lerner, Judy Lerner, Debra Lerner Cohen and Marla Tanenbaum. Laura Ricketts is a co-­‐owner of the Chicago Cubs, and Linda Alvarado is a member of the Rockies ownership group. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 5|Page General Manager MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… • In 2014 there were three people of color serving as general managers in MLB. Two were Latinos and one was African-­‐American. There were three at the start of the 2013 and three in the 2012 season. The largest number of GMs of color was five in 2009 and 2010. Managers • The 2014 Major League Baseball season began with five managers of color, an increase from four in 2013. The number of managers of color had been decreasing since the 2009 season, which started with 10 people of color. Coaches • For the 2013 season, people of color held 41.2 percent of the coaching positions for all MLB teams. This number is 2.1 percentage points higher than the 2012 numbers, bringing the total percentage of people of color to an all-­‐time high since it was first recorded in 1993. • African-­‐Americans held approximately 10 percent, a decrease from 13.2 percent in 2012. Latinos held 30 percent, an increase of 5.3 percentage points from 24.7 percent. Asian, American Indian and Alaskan Native collectively held 1.2 percent of the coaching positions. Team Vice Presidents • There are a total of 61 women holding vice president positions. In the 2013 MLB season, 23 MLB franchises had at least one woman serving in a vice president role. The San Francisco Giants led the league with eight women in vice president positions, the Boston Red Sox had five women in vice president roles followed by the Arizona Diamondbacks, the New York Yankees, Texas Rangers and Washington Nationals with four women in vice president roles. The Colorado Rockies, Houston Astros, Los Angeles Dodgers, Milwaukee Brewers and San Diego Padres had three and the remaining of the franchises either had one or two women in vice president positions. • In the 2013 MLB season, the percentage of people of color holding team vice president positions increased by 0.6 percentage points to 14.4 percent from 13.8 percent in 2012. The percentage of women in the same positions decreased slightly to 17.5 percent in 2013 from 17.7 percent in 2012. The 50 people of color holding vice president positions in 2013 were comprised of 23 African-­‐
Americans, 19 Latinos, five Asians, and three Native Hawaiians. Team Senior Administration • For the 2013 season, team senior administrators of color held 20.3 percent of the positions, representing an increase of 0.4 of a percentage point from 19.9 percent in 2012. • Women held 26.5 percent of team senior administration positions in 2013, a decrease of 0.4 of a percentage point from 26.9 percent in 2012. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 6|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… Team Professional Administration • In 2013, 22.2 percent of team professional positions were held by people of color, an increase of 0.3 of a percentage point from 21.9 percent in 2012. African-­‐Americans held seven percent which was an increase of 0.1 of a percentage point from 2012, 10.3 percent were Latino, an increase of 0.3 of a percentage point, 3.7 percent were Asian, a decrease of 0.3 of a percentage point, and people categorized as American Indian, Native Hawaiian and Two or More Races were 1.2 percent, an increase of 0.2 of a percentage point from 2012. • Women held 27 percent of Team Professional Administration in 2013, representing an increase of 0.7 of a percentage point from 2012. Highlighted Diversity Initiatives •
MLB Diversity Business Summit MLB's third annual Diversity Business Summit was held on April 14 -­‐ 15, 2014 in New York City. The New York Yankees were the co-­‐hosts for the event with MLB. The summit gives job seekers and businesses a chance to explore potential opportunities with the league, all 30 big-­‐league teams, the minor leagues, MLB media and MLB Network. According to MLB, the first two summits, held in Chicago and Houston, resulted in more than 47 hires throughout the baseball industry. Also, the league says, MLB or its clubs have spent over one million dollars on the products or services offered by entrepreneurs or diverse-­‐owned businesses coming off the first two events. "Diversity and inclusion throughout Major League Baseball are central priorities for our industry and are essential to future success," baseball commissioner Bud Selig said in a statement. "Through the MLB Diversity Business Summit, we are taking innovative steps to provide unprecedented access for individuals who aspire to careers in our game or hope to find other valuable opportunities with our organizations." In addition to Selig's keynote speech, the event featured networking and workshops and an exhibit floor. The Yankees held a welcome reception at the Stadium for attendees on the first day and hosted them at the club's Jackie Robinson Day game against the Chicago Cubs. The second day of the summit was Jackie Robinson Day, which is celebrated on April 15th throughout baseball. The Yankees dedicated a plaque in Monument Park to Nelson Mandela, celebrating his life and his Stadium visit and speech on June 21, 1990. Rachel and Sharron Robinson and the grandson of Nelson Mandela and his wife (Mr. Zondwa Mandela and Ms. Lindo Mbali Zici), along with the South African Counsel General and the head of the Nelson Mandela Foundation, were present for the on-­‐field ceremony.
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Major League Baseball's Diverse Business Partner's Program is the leading supplier diversity program in sports. This major league procurement initiative has produced significant economic opportunity for baseball's Commissioner's office, its franchises and local communities. The strategic implementation of MLB's Diverse Business Partners Program has resulted in well over $800 million being spent with thousands of minority and women-­‐owned businesses. This award-­‐winning program has continued to enrich baseball's business case for diversity by establishing a procurement environment that economically benefits the league as well as its minority and majority business partners. The DBP program has been awarded the recognition of being listed with "America's Top 50 Organizations for Multicultural Business Opportunities" for several years running. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 7|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… •
The “Civil Rights Game” – (CRG) was developed by MLB to honor those who fought for the rights for all people to live equally. The 2013 Game was held at US Cellular Field in Chicago on August 24, featuring the White Sox versus the Texas Rangers. The Civil Rights Game (CRG) was developed by Major League Baseball to honor those who fought for the rights for all people to live equally. The Civil Rights Game is an annual Major League Baseball game (starting in 2007) that honors the history of civil rights in the United States and marked the unofficial end to the league's Spring Training. Starting in 2009, the game became a regular season game. In conjunction with the Civil Rights Game, Major League Baseball honors three pioneers of civil rights with the Beacon Awards (Beacon of Life Award, Beacon of Change Award and Beacon of Hope Award). For more information, visit MLB.com/civilrightsgame
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Commissioner’s On-­‐Field Diversity Task Force On April 10, 2013 Baseball Commissioner Allan H. (Bud) Selig launched the creation of an On-­‐Field Diversity Task Force to address the talent pipeline that impacts the representation and development of diverse players and on-­‐field personnel in Major League Baseball, particularly African-­‐Americans. The wide-­‐ranging group, which includes representatives from Club ownership, Club front offices, MLB's Central Office, Minor League Baseball, former players, the Major League Baseball Players Association, the MLB Scouting Bureau, and collegiate baseball, will focus on the myriad of issues influencing on-­‐field diversity at all levels of baseball. o Diversity Growth Initiative On April 14, 2014, the MLB launched a three-­‐part plan to "address the talent pipeline that impacts the diversity of on-­‐field personnel, with a special emphasis on African-­‐Americans," according to Paul Hagen of MLB.com. The first of three "broad initiatives now underway includes expanding baseball's existing programs, such as the Jr. RBI Program (Reviving Baseball In Inner Cities), the Urban Youth Academies and various grassroots programs across the nation." Second is implementing programs which will have the "goal of improving the quality of coaching as a way to attract the best athletes, including new initiatives and mobile coaching tools that are currently in development." Finally, MLB will "direct marketing in urban communities through a variety of methods, including raising the profile of current and former big leaguers." Former MLB manager Jerry Manuel will "take on an expanded role in the task force," serving as the "day-­‐to-­‐day leader of the initiative" under the direction of Tigers GM Dave Dombrowski. (MLB.com) OVERALL GRADES Major League Baseball once again had an A grade on the issue of racial hiring practices, a C+ for gender hiring practices, and an overall grade of B/B+ in the 2014 MLB Racial and Gender Report Card (MLB RGRC). MLB reached a score of 91.2 for racial hiring practices, up from 91 in 2013. MLB’s grade for gender hiring practices dropped slightly to 77.5 points from 77.6 in 2013. Finally, MLB again achieved a combined grade of a B/B+ with 84.4 points, up slightly from the 2013 RGRC when it accumulated 84.3 points. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 8|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… MLB received an A or A+ for race in the following categories: MLB Central Offices, coaches, players and diversity initiatives. Also, it received a B or B+ for race in the following categories: managers, team vice presidents, and team senior administration. MLB received a C/C+ for general managers. MLB’s grades for gender are as follows: a B-­‐ for MLB Central Offices, C-­‐ for team senior administration, a C for team professional administration and an F for vice presidents. GRADES BY CATEGORY Players 25-­‐Man Major League rosters • 2014 Opening Day, 25-­‐Man Major League rosters who identified themselves as African-­‐American or black was approximately 8.2 percent, which was a decline from 8.3 percent in 2013 and 8.9 percent in 2012. The first round of the 2013 First-­‐Year Player Draft featured the selections of six African-­‐
American players (6-­‐of-­‐33, 18.2 percent). African-­‐American players accounted for 14 of the 73 selections that were made on the first day of the 2013 MLB draft. • The percentage of African-­‐American players decreased from 8.3 percent in 2013 to 8.2 percent on 2014 opening day rosters. This equaled the all-­‐time low in 2007. • The percentage of Latino players increased from 28.2 percent in 2013 to 28.4 percent on 2014 opening day rosters. • The percentage of Asians decreased from 2.1 percent in 2013 to two percent in 2014. • The percentage of white players on opening day rosters was 60.9 percent, down from the 61.2 percent in 2013. • The debate on why African-­‐Americans seem to be abandoning playing baseball continues to be a concern for the general public and MLB, which has significant Urban Youth initiatives to address this such as: o Reviving Baseball in Inner Cities (RBI) o Major League Baseball’s Urban Youth Academy o Commissioner’s On-­‐Field Diversity Task Force • Commissioner Selig established the creation of an On-­‐Field Diversity Task Force to address the talent pipeline that impacts the representation and development of diverse players and on-­‐field personnel in Major League Baseball, particularly African-­‐Americans. The wide-­‐ranging group, which includes representatives from Club ownership, Club front offices, MLB's Central Office, Minor League Baseball, former players, the Major League Baseball Players Association, the MLB Scouting Bureau, and collegiate baseball, will focus on the myriad of issues influencing on-­‐field diversity at all levels of baseball. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 9|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… • Since 1997, the percentage of white players in Major League Baseball has been remarkably consistent, remaining between 58 and 62 percent, with the exception of 63 percent in 2004. International Players* •
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The percentage of international players in MLB on 2014 Opening Day 25-­‐man rosters and inactive lists who were born outside the 50 United States spans approximately 16 countries and territories. This year’s 223 foreign-­‐born players represents 26.1 percent of the players. The all-­‐time high was 29.2 percent (242/829) on the 2005 Opening Day rosters of players were born outside the U.S. *Note:*The 223 players born outside the U.S. come from the pool of 853 players (750 active 25-­‐man roster players and 103 disabled or restricted Major League players) on March 30th rosters and represent 16 countries and territories outside the U.S. MLB Grade for Players: A+ (39.1 percent)
See Table 1.
Major League Central Office According to Major League Baseball, of the 527 front-­‐office employees in the Major League Central Office, 9.3 percent are African-­‐American, 12.9 percent are Latino, three percent are Asian, 2.7 percent are classified as American Indian and Two or More Races. Women make up 30 percent of the total workforce, a decrease of 5.6 percentage points, while people of color make up 27.9 percent, a decrease of 2.9 percentage points. The corresponding on-­‐field employee population is comprised of umpires and scouts (90 total, 12.2 percent people of color). This information is based on the 2013 MLB workforce data. At the senior executive level, 17.9 percent of the 56 employees were people of color, while women occupied 21.4 percent of the positions. At the director and managerial level, 32 percent of the 122 employees were people of color, while women occupied 26.2 percent of the posts. The following people of color are executive vice presidents in the MLB Central Office: • Jonathan Mariner, executive vice president and chief financial officer • Frank Robinson, executive vice president of Player Development The following people of color are senior vice presidents in the MLB’s Corporate Groups (Central Office, MLB Advanced Media and MLB Network): • Peter Woodfork, senior vice president, Baseball Operations • Kim Ng, senior vice president, Baseball Operations • Wendy Lewis, senior vice president, Diversity and Strategic Alliances • Ray Scott, senior vice president, Human Resources RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 10|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… The following women are senior vice presidents in the MLB’s Corporate Groups (Central Office, MLB Advanced Media and MLB Network): • Kathy Feeney, senior vice president, Scheduling and Club Relations • Phyllis Merhige, senior vice president, Club Relations • Marla Miller, senior vice president, Special Events • Jacqueline Parkes, senior vice president, chief marketing officer -­‐ Marketing and Advertising • Wendy Lewis, senior vice president, Diversity and Strategic Alliances • Mary Beck, senior vice president of the Baseball Channel • Kim Ng, senior vice president, Baseball Operations • Kathleen Lyons, senior vice president, Finance • Susan Stone, senior vice president, Operations • Jennifer Shaw, senior vice president, Strategic Planning and International Marketing & Ad Sales The following people of color are vice presidents in the MLB’s Corporate Groups (Central Office, MLB Advanced Media and MLB Network): • Tom Brasuell, vice president, Community Affairs • Earnell Lucas, vice president, Security & Stadium Operations • Darrell Miller, vice president, Urban Youth Academies • Lou Melendez, vice president, Baseball Operations, International • John Quinones, vice president, Recruitment • Carlton Thompson, vice president, Executive Editor, Content Operations • Roger Williams, vice president, Multimedia Operations The following women are vice presidents in the MLB’s Corporate Groups (Central Office, MLB Advanced Media and MLB Network): • Heather Benz, vice president, Ticketing • Courtney Connors, vice president, Client Services, Sponsorship Account Services • Donna Candido, vice president, Legal • Kimberly Hausmann, vice president, Accounting and Finance Controller • Donna Hoder, vice president, Office Operations • Leslie Knickerbocker, vice president, Human Resources and Special Projects • Bernadette McDonald, vice president, Broadcasting Domestic • Ellen Miller-­‐Wachtel, vice president, Legal • Anne Occi, vice president, Design Services • Lara Pitaro Wisch, vice president, Deputy General Counsel, Legal MLB Grade for League Central Offices: Race: A+ (27.9 percent) Gender: B-­‐ (30 percent) See Table 2. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 11|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… Ownership Arturo Moreno, who owns the Los Angeles Angels, is the only Latino majority owner in professional sport. Several MLB franchises now have minority ownership. Two examples of African-­‐American minority owners of MLB franchises are Earvin “Magic” Johnson who is a member of an ownership group that now owns the Los Angeles Dodgers and Paxton Baker, minority owner of the Washington Nationals. Owners of MLB franchises who are female include individuals with the New York Yankees, Washington Nationals, Colorado Rockies and the Chicago Cubs. Jessica, Joan, and Jennifer Steinbrenner all serve as Vice Chairperson’s with the New York Yankees. The Washington Nationals have four female Principal Owners who include Annette Lerner, Judy Lerner, Debra Lerner Cohen and Marla Tanenbaum. Linda Alvarado is a member of the Rockies ownership group, and Laura Ricketts is a co-­‐owner of the Chicago Cubs. See Table 3. Managers The 2014 Major League Baseball season began with five managers of color. The number of managers of color has decreased since the 2009 season, which started with 10 people of color. The five managers of color (16.7 percent) at the start of the 2014 were: • Fredi Gonzalez, Atlanta Braves (Latino) • Rick Renteria, Chicago Cubs (Latino) • Bo Porter, Houston Astros (African-­‐American) • Lloyd McClendon, Seattle Mariners (African-­‐American) • Ron Washington, Texas Rangers (African-­‐American) During the 2013 season, 13.3 percent of MLB managers were people of color. The four managers were: • Fredi Gonzalez, Atlanta Braves (Latino) • Dusty Baker, Cincinnati Reds (African-­‐American) • Bo Porter, Houston Astros (African-­‐American) • Ron Washington, Texas Rangers (African-­‐American) There were nine managers of color in the 2010 season and 10 in 2009 which equaled the all-­‐time record set in 2002. The grade is based on the 2014 season. MLB Grade for Managers: B (16.7 percent) See Tables 4 and 5. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 12|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… Coaches For the 2013 season, people of color held 41.2 percent of the coaching positions on MLB teams. This number is 2.1 percentage points higher than the 2012 percentages, bringing the total percentage of people of color to an all-­‐time high since it was first recorded in 1993. African-­‐Americans held approximately 10 percent, a decrease from 13.2 percent in 2012. Latinos held 30 percent, an increase of 5.3 percentage points from 24.7 percent in 2012. Asian, American Indian and Alaskan Native collectively held 1.2 percent of the coaching positions. MLB has no woman in the Coaching category. MLB Grade for Coaches: A+ (41.2 percent) See Table 6. Top Management This category includes team CEOs/presidents, general managers and vice presidents. Chief Executive Officers/Presidents There are no women or people of color in MLB who serve as CEO or team president. Pam Gardner was the only woman to serve as president of Business Operations. She did it for the Houston Astros from 2001-­‐2011. Ulice Payne Jr. (Milwaukee Brewers, 2003 season) was the only CEO or team president of an MLB team who was a person of color. Current examples of diverse senior leaders who are above VP level are Michael Hill (African-­‐American) is the President of Baseball Operations for the Miami Marlins, Ken Williams (African-­‐American) is the Executive Vice President for the Chicago White Sox and Henry “Hank” Aaron (African-­‐American) is the Senior Vice President for the Atlanta Braves just to name a few. A total of 15 percent of all senior executives categorized as senior executives are women and a total of 13.3 percent are people of color. See Table 7 General Manager In 2014 there were three people of color serving as general managers in MLB. Two were two Latinos and one was African-­‐American. MLB had the largest number of GMs of color in 2009 and 2010 when there were five. People of color represent 10 percent of all GMs in 2014. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 13|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… At the start of the 2014 MLB season, the general managers of color were: • Jeffrey Luhnow, General Manager, Houston Astros (Latino) • Michael Hill, Vice President and General Manager, Miami Marlins (African-­‐American) • Ruben Amaro Jr., Senior Vice President and General Manager, Philadelphia Phillies (Latino) They were also the same general managers of color in the 2013 MLB season. MLB Grade for General Manager: C/C+ (10 percent) See Table 8. Team Vice Presidents In the 2013 season, the percentage of people of color holding team vice president positions increased by 0.6 percentage points to 14.4 percent from 13.8 percent in 2012. The percentage of women in these same positions decreased slightly to 17.5 percent in 2013 from 17.7 percent in 2012. The 50 people of color holding vice president positions in 2013 were comprised of 23 African-­‐Americans, 19 Latinos, five Asians, and three Native Hawaiians. While there are a total of 61 women holding vice president positions, it is important to note that all of these categories are not independent of each other. The 23 African-­‐American team executive vice-­‐presidents, senior vice presidents and vice presidents in MLB were: • Nona Lee, senior vice president and General Counsel (Arizona Diamondbacks) • Marion Rhodes, senior vice president, Chief Human Resources and Diversity Officer (Arizona Diamondbacks) • Henry Aaron, senior vice president (Atlanta Braves) • Elaine Weddington Steward, vice president, Club Counsel, Legal (Boston Red Sox) • Julian Green, vice president, Communications/Community Affairs (Chicago Cubs) • Kenneth Williams, executive vice president (Chicago White Sox) • Brian Keys, vice president, Information Technology (Cincinnati Reds) • Elaine Hendrix, vice president Community and Public Affairs (Detroit Tigers) • Ellen Hill Zeringue, vice president, Marketing (Detroit Tigers) • Marian Harper, vice president, Foundation Development (Houston Astros) • Renata Simril, senior vice president, External and Community Relations (Los Angeles Dodgers) • Dejon Watson, vice president, Player Development, Baseball Operations (Los Angeles Dodgers) • Vance Lovelace, vice president, Player Personnel (Los Angeles Dodgers) • Derek Jackson, vice president and General Counsel (Miami Marlins) • Michael Hill, vice president & general manager (Miami Marlins) • Aleta Mercer, vice president, Entertainment and Broadcasting (Milwaukee Brewers) • Sonny Hight, senior vice president, Chief Security Officer (New York Yankees) • Brian Smith, senior vice president, Corporate and Community Relations (New York Yankees) • Robert Brown, vice president, Chief Financial Officer Accounting (New York Yankees) • David Winfield, executive vice president (Sand Diego Padres) RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 14|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… • Leilani Gayles, vice president Chief People Officer ( San Francisco Giants) • Michael Hall, vice president, Community Relations & Executive Director, Cardinals Care (St. Louis Cardinals) • Damon Jones, vice president and General Counsel (Washington Nationals) The 19 Latino team senior vice-­‐presidents and vice presidents in MLB were: • Russell Amaral, vice president, Facilities and Event Services (Arizona Diamondbacks) • Milciades Noboa, vice president, Latin Operations (Arizona Diamondbacks) • Elizabeth Stecklein, vice president, Human Resources (Colorado Rockies) • Alberto Avila, vice president, assistant general manager (Detroit Tigers) • Roberto Alvarado, vice president, Marketing and Ticket Sales (Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim) • Ralph Esquibel, vice president, Information Technology (Los Angeles Dodgers) • Santiago Fernandez, senior vice president and General Counsel (Los Angeles Dodgers) • Francine Hughes, vice president, Stadium Operations (Los Angeles Dodgers) • Paul E. Asencio, senior vice president, Corporate Sales and Partnership (New York Mets) • Diann Blanco, vice president, Administration (New York Yankees) • Felix Lopez Jr., senior vice president (New York Yankees) • Ruben Amaro Jr., senior vice president and general manager (Philadelphia Phillies) • Jarrod Dillon, vice president, Corporate Partnership (San Diego Padres) • Omar Minaya, senior vice president, Baseball Operations (San Diego Padres) • Jorge Costa, senior vice president, Ballpark Operations (San Francisco Giants) • David Martinez, vice president, Retail Operations (San Francisco Giants) • Dave Curry, vice president (Seattle Mariners) • Kevin Martinez, vice president, Marketing (Seattle Mariners) • Eugene Fernandez, senior vice president, Chief Sales Officer (Tampa Bay Rays) The five Asian team senior vice presidents and vice presidents in MLB were: • Jonathan Gilula, executive vice president, Business Affairs (Boston Red Sox) • Timothy S. Zue, vice president, Business Development (Boston Red Sox) • Alan Chang, vice president, Deputy General Counsel (New York Yankees) • Paul Wong, vice president, Finance (Oakland Athletics) • John Yee, senior vice president and Chief Financial Officer (San Francisco Giants) The three Native Hawaiian team senior vice presidents and vice presidents in MLB were: • Robert McLeod, senior vice president, Scouting and Player Development (Chicago Cubs) • Bill Geivett, senior vice president, Major League Operations and Assistant general manager (Colorado Rockies) • Susan Jaison, senior vice president, Finance (Miami Marlins) The percentage of women who were team vice presidents for 2013 is 17.5 percent from 17.7 percent. There were a total of 61 women holding team senior vice president and vice president positions in MLB: • Debbie Castaldo, vice president, Corporate and Community Impact (Arizona Diamondbacks) • Karina Bohn, vice president, Marketing (Arizona Diamondbacks) • Marian Rhodes, senior vice president, Chief Human Resources and Diversity Officer (Arizona Diamondbacks) RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 15|Page •
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MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… Nona Lee, senior vice president, General Counsel (Arizona Diamondbacks) Janet Marie Smith, vice president, Planning and Development (Baltimore Orioles) Amy Waryas, vice president, Human Resources (Boston Red Sox) Elaine Steward, vice president, General Counsel (Boston Red Sox) Jennifer Flynn, senior vice president, assistant General Counsel (Boston Red Sox) Marcell Bhangoo, vice president, Client Services (Boston Red Sox) Sarah McKenna, vice president, Fan Services and Entertainment (Boston Red Sox) Karen Forgus, senior vice president, Business Operations (Cincinnati Reds) Lauren Werner, vice president, Event Services and Merchandise (Cincinnati Reds) Sara Lehrke, vice president, Human Resources, and Chief Diversity Officer (Cleveland Indians) Elizabeth Stecklein, vice president, Human Resources (Colorado Rockies) Marcy Glasser, vice president, Corporate Sales (Colorado Rockies) Sue Ann McClaren, vice president, Ticket Sales, Operations and Services (Colorado Rockies) Elaine Hendrix, vice president, Community and Public Affairs (Detroit Tigers) Ellen Hill Zeringue, vice president, Marketing (Detroit Tigers) Kala Sorenson, vice president, Conference Center and Special Events (Houston Astros) Marian Harper, vice president, Foundation Development (Houston Astros) Margaret Vaillancourt, executive director, Foundation Development and Community Relations (Houston Astros) Molly Jolly, vice president, Finance and Administration (Los Angeles Angels) Francine Hughes, vice president, Stadium Operations (Los Angeles Dodgers) Renata Simril, senior vice president, External and Community Relations (Los Angeles Dodgers) Susan Jaison, senior vice president, Finance (Miami Marlins) Aleta Mercer, vice president, Entertainment and Broadcasting (Milwaukee Brewers) Marti Wronski, vice president, General Counsel (Milwaukee Brewers) Sally Andrist, vice president, Human Resources and Office Management (Milwaukee Brewers) Laura Day, executive vice president, Business Development (Minnesota Twins) Raenell Dorn, vice president, Human Resources (Minnesota Twins) Leigh Castergine, vice president, Ticket Sales and Services (New York Mets) Deborah Tymon, senior vice president, Marketing (New York Yankees) Diann Blanco, vice president, Administration (New York Yankees) Jean Afterman, vice president, Assistant General Manager (New York Yankees) Theresa Jenkins, vice president, Risk Management (New York Yankees) Bonnie Clark, vice president, Communications (Philadelphia Phillies) Kathy Killian, vice president, Human Resources and Customer Service (Philadelphia Phillies) Patty Paytas, vice president, Community and Public Affairs (Pittsburgh Pirates) Ronda Sedillo, senior vice president, Chief Financial Officer (San Diego Padres) Sarah Farnsworth, senior vice president, Public Affairs (San Diego Padres) Susanna Botos, vice president Community Relations (San Diego Padres) Annemarie Hastings, vice president, Client Relations (San Francisco Giants) Elizabeth Murphy, vice president and deputy General Counsel (San Francisco Giants) Elizabeth Pantages, vice president, Finance (San Francisco Giants) Joyce Thomas, vice president, Human Resources (San Francisco Giants) Leilani Gayles, senior vice president, Chief People Officer (San Francisco Giants) Nancy Donati, vice president, Creative Services (San Francisco Giants) RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 16|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… Sara Hunt, vice president, Giants Enterprises (San Francisco Giants) Staci Slaughter, senior vice president, Communications (San Francisco Giants) Frances Traisman, vice president, Sales (Seattle Mariners) Marianne Short, vice president, Human Resources (Seattle Mariners) Vicki Bryant, vice president, Event Services and Merchandising (St. Louis Cardinals) Melanie Lenz, vice president, Development (Tampa Rays) Becky Kimbro, vice president, Marketing (Texas Rangers) Karin Morris, vice president, Community Outreach and Executive Director Foundation (Texas Rangers) • Kellie Fischer, vice president and Chief Financial Officer (Texas Rangers) • Paige Farragut, vice president, Ticket Sales and Service (Texas Rangers) • Alexa Herndon, vice president, Human Resources (Washington Nationals) • Catherine Silver, vice president, Ballpark Enterprises and Guest Services (Washington Nationals) • Elise Holman, vice president, Administration (Washington Nationals) • Lara Potter, vice president and managing director, Communications and Brand Development (Washington Nationals) In the 2013 MLB season, 23 MLB franchises had at least one woman serving in a vice president role. The San Francisco Giants led the league with eight women in vice president positions, the Boston Red Sox had five women in vice president roles followed by the Arizona Diamondbacks, the New York Yankees, Texas Rangers and Washington Nationals with four women in vice president roles. The Colorado Rockies, Houston Astros, Los Angeles Dodgers, Milwaukee Brewers and San Diego Padres have three and the remaining of the franchises either had one or two women in vice president positions. MLB Grade for Team Vice Presidents Race: B (14.4 percent) Gender: F (17.5 percent) See Table 9. Team Senior Administration* This category includes the following titles, but is not restricted to: directors, assistant general managers, senior managers, general counsel, legal counsel, senior advisors, assistant vice presidents, public relations directors and directors of community relations. For the 2013 season, people of color held 20.3 percent of the senior team administrators positions. African-­‐Americans held 6.6 percent, Latinos held 10 percent, while 2.5 percent were held by Asian. Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander and Two or More races represented one percent of the senior team administrators positions in 2013. This compared to 19.9 percent team administrators of colors, while African-­‐Americans held 6.9 percent, Latinos 9.2 percent, Asians 2.9 percent, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, American Indian and two or more races represented 0.8 percent in the 2012 MLB Racial and Gender Report Card. Women held 26.5 percent of team senior administration positions in 2013 compared to 26.9 percent in the 2012 MLB Racial and Gender Report Card. •
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RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 17|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… *Note: Data includes Teams only. It does not include MLB Advanced Media, MLB Central Office and MLB Network. The data for the Team Senior Professional category includes MLB’s Group 2 Directors and Managers. This group includes the second level of managers including such titles as Director of Advertising, Director of Player Development, Manager of Community Relations, etc. MLB Grade for Team Senior Administration Race: B+/A-­‐ (20.3 percent) Gender: C-­‐ (26.5 percent) See Table 10. Team Professional Administration* Positions categorized as team professional administration include, but are not restricted to: Assistant managers, coordinators, supervisors, and administrators in business operations such as marketing, promotions, publications and various other departments. Also included were specialists, technicians, analysts, engineers and programmers. The category excludes the traditional support staff positions such as secretaries, receptionists, administrative assistants, and staff assistants. In 2013, 22.2 percent of team professional positions were held by people of color. African-­‐American held seven percent, 10.3 percent were Latino, 3.7 percent were Asian and people categorized as American Indian, Native Hawaiian and Two or More Races were 1.2 percent collectively. This compared to 21.9 percent of team professionals were people of color, 6.9 percent were African-­‐American, 10 percent were Latino, four percent were Asian and people categorized as American Indian, Native Hawaiian and Two or More Races were one percent in the 2012 MLB Racial Gender Report Card. Women held 27 percent of team professional administration positions in 2013, up from 26.3 percent in the 2012 MLB Racial and Gender Report Card. Data includes teams only. It does not include MLB Advanced Media, MLB Central Office and MLB Network. The data for the team professional administration category includes MLB’s Group 3 (Professionals, Technicians & Supervisors -­‐ Includes such titles as Photographers, Accountants, Sales Representatives, Programmers, etc. These employees may or may not supervise others). MLB Grade for Team Professional Administration: Race: A-­‐ (22.2 percent) Gender: C (27 percent) See Table 11. *The 2013 report discontinued TIDES previous policy of combining data with that of MLB’s, then averaging the two data sets. Diversity Initiatives RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 18|Page MLB-­‐RGRC CONTINUED… Appendix II shows the impressive diversity initiatives that the MLB takes part in. These initiatives serve a wide variety of people and include events such as supplier diversity, scholarship funds, awareness events, and many more. MLB Grade for Diversity Initiatives: A+ See Appendix II. Physicians In 2013, the physicians of color increased significantly to 23.3 percent, up from 16.7 percent in 2012. African-­‐American physicians increased by 8.7 percentage points to 13 percent while those categorized as “other” increased by 0.5 percentage points to seven percent. There was also a decrease of Asians from 4.3 percent to three percent of the MLB total. In 2013 there were no Latino physicians. There had been two Latino physicians in 2012. See Table 12. Head Trainers In 2013, the percentage of people of color was 12 percent. The percentage of Latinos was four percent, Asians held four percent and Two or More Races also held four percent. Women held four percent of Head Trainer positions. For the second time since the RGRC was first published, there is a woman Head Trainer. Susan Falsone has been the Head Trainer for the Los Angeles Dodgers since the 2012 season. See Table 13. Radio/TV Broadcasters The MLB RGRC examines professional staff members from the Major League Baseball teams. Since the majority of the broadcasters are not employees of the teams, TIDES no longer includes the category of Radio/TV Broadcasters in the Report Card. Stacking The Racial and Gender Report Card examines the issue of stacking for the positions of pitcher, catcher and infielder filled by African-­‐Americans. These are baseball’s primary “thinking positions.” Only 3.1 percent of pitchers (down 0.9 of a percentage point) and 7.9 percent of infielders (down 0.1 of a percentage point) were African-­‐American. Of the 62 African-­‐American players in MLB, 25.4 percent were outfielders who are said to rely on speed and reactive ability. That was up from 22 percent. Historically, there have been almost no African-­‐
American catchers. In fact, in 2014 there were none, decreasing from one percent in 2013. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ Media Contact: Brandon Moyer 804-­‐814-­‐7275, [email protected] Michaela Robbins 423-­‐991-­‐7212, [email protected] The 2014 Racial and Gender Report Card: Major League Soccer by Richard Lapchick with Juan Dominguez, Lizzie Haldane, Erika Loomer, and Jonathan Pelts published December 2, 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Orlando, FL -­‐ December 2, 2014… The grades for Major League Soccer (MLS) declined for both gender hiring practices and overall hiring practices while remaining the same for racial hiring practices in the 2014 MLS Racial and Gender Report Card (RGRC). In the case of gender, the decline was significant. The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport (TIDES) at the University of Central Florida issued the MLS RGRC. MLS received the same B+ grade for its racial hiring practices in the 2014 MLS RGRC with 86.3 points but there was a decline in points from 87.3 points in the 2013 MLS RGRC. MLS’s grade for gender hiring practices decreased to a C+ with 75.7 points, down a substantial 7.8 percentage points from 83.5 in 2013. MLS earned a combined grade of a B with 81 points in 2014, down 4.4 percentage points from 85.4 points (B+) in the 2013 MLS RGRC. The MLS earned an A+ for the League Office racial hiring practices, a B+ for team professional administration and assistant coaches, and a B for team senior administration. For the general manager and head coach, MLS received grades of F and C+, respectively. MLS received an A+ for racial diversity in the category of players for the 2014 season. Gender hiring practices in MLS during the 2014 season received an A-­‐ grade for league office employees, an F for team senior administration, and a C-­‐ professional administration. MLS earned an A+ for its outstanding diversity initiatives. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 2 | P a g e M L S R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Richard Lapchick, principal author of the study and director of TIDES, said, “It is disappointing that Major League Soccer’s grade for gender hiring practices fell so far that they joined the NFL and Major League Baseball with gender grades below a B, with a C+ in the category. The MLS League Office remained as the pacesetter with an A+ in racial hiring and an A-­‐ in gender hiring as Commissioner Don Garber’s office continued to lead the entire MLS by example. Results at the team level were alarming.” Using data from the 2014 season, TIDES conducted an analysis of the racial composition of teams and coaches. In addition, The Report Card included a racial and gender breakdown of management in the MLS League Office and at various levels within each MLS franchise such as: top management, team senior administration, team professional administration, physicians, head trainers, and radio and television broadcasters. The listing of owners, head coaches, and general managers for the 2014 Report Card is updated through August 3, 2014. All numerical data and the grades reflected information published in official team literature at the beginning of the 2014 season. Tables containing historical data for the Report are included in Appendix I. Appendix II contains detailed descriptions of MLS diversity initiatives. The co-­‐authors of the report were Juan Dominguez, Lizzie Haldane, Erika Loomer, and Jonathan Pelts. The Report Card asks, “Are we playing fair when it comes to sports? Does everyone, regardless of race or gender, have a chance to score a goal or operate the business of professional soccer?” The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport (TIDES) at the University of Central Florida publishes the Racial and Gender Report Card to indicate areas of improvement, stagnation and regression in the racial and gender composition of professional and college sports personnel and to contribute to the improvement of integration in front office and collegiate athletics department positions. REPORT HIGHLIGHTS •
The MLS League Office continued to be the standard bearer for the entire league with minorities comprising 39.1 percent of all professional positions, while women filled 37.4 percent of these positions. The percent of women in professional positions at the league office decreased by slightly less than one percentage point from 38.3 percent, while minorities increased by 0.8 percentage point from 38.3 percent in 2014. •
Chivas USA and FC Dallas were the only MLS franchises led by head coaches who are minorities. •
Minorities holding assistant coach positions decreased from 20.6 percent in 2013 to 16.7 percent in 2014. •
The percentage of team CEO/Presidents who are minorities, increased from 5.9 percent in 2013 to 6.3 percent in 2014. Nelson Rodriguez of Chivas USA was the only person of color holding a CEO/President position on an MLS team. •
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3 | P a g e M L S R G R C C O N T I N U E D … There were no general managers who were minorities in 2014. There was a Latino GM in 2013. There was a decrease in vice presidents who were minorities in the 2014 season, from 8.2 percent in 2013 to 7.1 percent in 2014. During the 2014 season women comprised 14.3 percent of all vice president positions, an increase from 12.3 percent in 2013. •
Minorities held 12.1 percent of all team senior administration positions. This was a significant decrease of six percentage points from 2013. Women held 19.5 percent of team senior administration positions, a decrease from 20.4 percent in 2013. The percentage of minorities and women in team professional administration positions decreased by 5.6 percentage points to 18 percent, and by 10.3 percentage points to 25 percent, respectively. •
After five consecutive years in which the MLS had set a record for the diversity of its players, the percent of players of color fell from 52.3 percent in 2013 to 48.9 percent for the 2014 season. 4 | P a g e M L S R G R C C O N T I N U E D … OVERALL GRADES MLS repeated its B+ grade on racial hiring practices in the 2014 MLS RGRC. Its 86.3 points was down from 87.3 points in the 2013 MLS RGRC. MLS’s grade for gender hiring practices decreased to a C+ with 75.7 points in 2014, down a significant 7.8 percentage points from 83.5 in 2013. MLS received an A+ for racial diversity in the category of players and for the League Office, a B+ for team professional administration and assistant coaches, and a B for team senior administration. For the head coach and general manager, MLS received grades of C+ and F, respectively. Gender hiring practices in MLS during the 2014 season received an A-­‐ grade for league office employees, a failing grade for team senior administration and a C-­‐professional administration. MLS earned an A+ for its outstanding diversity initiatives. MLS earned a combined grade of a B with 81 points in 2014, down 4.4 percentage points from 85.4 points (B+) in the 2013 MLS RGRC. GRADES BY CATEGORY Players During the 2014 season, the percentage of white players increased by 3.4 percentage points from 47.7 percent in 2013 to 51.1 percent. The percentage of white players had steadily decreased since 2008, when 62 percent of the league was comprised of white players until this year. The percent of Latino players in MLS decreased by 7.1 percentage points from 24.1 percent in 2013 to 17 percent in 2014. The percentage of African-­‐American players increased by 0.7 percentage point from 10.6 percent in 2013 to 11.3 percent in 2014. The percentage of Asian players decreased by 0.6 percentage point from 1.3 percent in 2013 to 0.7 percent in 2014. The players classified as “other” increased 3.5 percentage points from 16.3 percent in 2013 to 19.8 percent in 2014. As of the 2013 MLS RGRC, an international player who is Black was counted as “other.” International players showed a decrease in the 2014 MLS season going from 42.8 percent in 2013 to 41.9 percent. International player representation was at an all-­‐time high in 2012. MLS Grade for Players Race: A+ 48.9 percent See Table 1. MLS League Office 5 | P a g e M L S R G R C C O N T I N U E D … The MLS League Office once again set the standard for teams for both racial and gender hiring practices. Professional employees at the MLS League Office included executives, directors, managers, and account executives. Diversity within league office professional employees remained relatively constant from the 2013 season. White employees decreased by 0.7 percentage point from 61.7 percent in 2013 to 61 percent in 2014. Latinos and Asians both increased by 1.4 percentage points and 0.7 percentage point in 2014, respectively. African-­‐Americans decreased 0.2 percentage point to 4.1 percent and those classified as “other” decreased by one percentage point to 1.6 percent. The total percentage for minority professionals was 39.1 percent, which increased by 0.8 percentage point from 38.3 percent in 2013. The percentage of women in professional positions decreased by 0.9 percentage point from 38.3 percent in 2013 to 37.4 percent in 2014. The two minority league office vice presidents were: • Nelson Castro, Vice President of Programming, Executive Producer for MLS • Ramin Tabib, Vice President, Strategic Planning and Research The seven league office women who held a vice president title or higher were: • Kathryn Carter, President of Soccer United M arketing • JoAnn Neale, Chief Administrative Officer •
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Maribeth Towers, Senior Vice President, Consumer Products & Licensing Rachel Leber, Vice President, Consumer Products Jennifer M aurillo, Vice President, Special Events Emily Unruh, Vice President, Retail Development Marisabel Munoz, Vice President, Communications MLS Grade for League Central Office: Race: A+ 39.1 percent Gender: A-­‐ 37.4 percent See Table 2. Ownership As of the beginning of the 2014 MLS season, 93.3 percent of all owners were white. The 6.7 percent of minority owners consisted of 3.3 percent Latino and 3.3 percent Asian. In MLS, three teams are listed as being subsidiaries of larger private companies. The New York Red Bulls are listed as being owned by Red Bull GmbH, the Austrian beverage producer, while the LA Galaxy is owned by Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG), and the Houston Dynamo is co-­‐owned by AEG and Golden Boy Entertainment. In order to include their ownership in this study, the principle investor for each company was listed as the primary owner. For Red Bull GmbH Deitrich Mateschitz was listed as the primary owner; for AEG, Phil Anschutz was listed as the primary owner, and Oscar De La Hoya was listed as the primary owner and founder for Golden Boy Entertainment. 6 | P a g e M L S R G R C C O N T I N U E D … The club, Chivas USA, was not owned by an individual but was owned by the MLS, which ceased team operations on October 27, 2014. Erick Thohir is an Indonesian entrepreneur and was the managing partner listed for D.C. United. It is worth noting that MLS ownership structure differs greatly from other professional leagues. The “owners” are all investors in the single entity of MLS. Owners are given a great deal of autonomy in the management of their clubs. However, ultimately the owners are investors in the league as a whole, not simply one club. Announced in October, a new team, the Los Angeles Football Club was formed and will take field in 2017. Vietnamese businessman Henry Nguyen will be the majority owner. The Los Angeles Football Club was not included in this year’s report. See Table 3. Head Coaches As of the beginning of the 2014 MLS season, 89.5 percent of all MLS head coaches were white and 10.5 percent were coaches of color. There was no change from the 2013 season. There were no African-­‐
American or Asian head coaches in MLS. For the fifth consecutive year, only two MLS clubs had head coaches who were minorities and they were both Latino. The two minority head coaches during the 2014 season were: • Wilmer Cabrera, Chivas USA • Oscar Pareja, FC Dallas MLS Grade for Head Coaches Race: C+ 10.5 percent See Table 4. Assistant Coaches As of the beginning of the 2014 MLS season, 83.3 percent of all assistant coaches were white, increasing by 3.9 percentage points from 2013 when it was 79.4 percent. African-­‐Americans represented the largest group of minority assistant coaches with 8.3 percent, followed by Latinos with 6.7 percent and those classified as “other” with 1.7 percent. Overall, assistant coaches who were minorities decreased by 3.9 percentage points from 20.6 percent in 2013 to 16.7 percent in 2014. This season marked a significant decrease in the percentage of Latino assistant coaches from 2013 by 7.6 percentage points from 14.3 percent in 2013 to 6.7 percent in 2014. African-­‐Americans increased significantly by 6.7 percentage points from 1.6 percent in 2013 to 8.3 percent in 2014. MLS Grade for Assistant Coaches Race: B+ 16.7 percent See Table 5. 7 | P a g e M L S R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Top Management This category included team CEOs/Presidents, General Managers and Vice Presidents. CEO/President For the second consecutive year, there was only one minority CEO/President of an MLS team. Nelson Rodriguez, who is Latino, led Chivas USA. See Table 6. General Manager As of the beginning of the 2014 MLS season, the percentage of white general manager positions increased by 6.2 percentage points from 93.8 in 2013 to 100 percent in 2014. There were no Latino, African-­‐American, Asian, or female general managers or top player personnel executives in 2014. Guillermo Petrei, who is Latino, had been a general manager in 2013. Since the inception of the MLS RGRC, there have been no African-­‐American or Asian general managers. There have been two female general managers in the history of MLS, most recently in 1999, when Lynne Meterparel was named general manager of the then-­‐San Jose Clash. Betty D’Anjolell was interim general manager of the Miami Fusion in 1998. MLS Grade for General Managers Race: F 0 percent See Table 7. Team Vice Presidents As of the beginning of the 2014 MLS season, minorities holding team vice president positions experienced a 2.5 percentage point decease from 8.2 percent in 2013 to 5.7 percent in 2014. There was a 1.2 percentage point decrease for African-­‐Americans from 4.1 percent in 2013 to 2.9 percent in 2014 and a 1.3 percentage point decrease for Latinos from 2.7 percent in 2013 to 1.4 percent in 2014. The percent of Asian vice presidents remained the same in 2014 at 1.4 percent. There was a 2 percentage point increase for women holding vice president positions from 12.3 percent in 2013 to 14.3 percent in 2014. Women holding vice president positions were: • Jessica Worley, Vice President of Corporate Partnerships, Chicago Fire • Lori McKirnan, Vice President of Finance and Business Planning, Columbus Crew • Kelly Weller, Vice President of Marketing and Communications, FC Dallas 8 | P a g e •
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M L S R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Sabrina Higdon, Vice President of Partnership Sales, Los Angeles Galaxy Kathy Jennings, Vice President of Finance and Administration, Portland Timbers Karen Beckman, Chief Financial Officer and Vice President of Finance Seahawks, Sounders FC, and First and Goal, Inc., Seattle Sounders Cindy Kelley, Vice President, Human Resources and Administration, Seattle Sounders Betsy Maxfield, Vice President, Soccer Projects, Sporting Kansas City Shannon Hosford, Vice President, Marketing and Communication, Toronto FC Justina Klein, Vice President, Facilities and Live Entertainment, Toronto FC The Seattle Sounders and Toronto FC were the only MLS teams with two female vice presidents. The only Latino holding a vice president position was: • Alex Gallegos, Vice President of Sales and Marketing and Sales, Chivas USA African-­‐Americans holding vice president positions were: • John Moncke, Vice President, Stadium Brand Revenues, Sporting Kansas City • Rob Smith, Vice President of Soccer Development, Philadelphia Union Asians holding vice president positions were: • Kevin Nonomura, Senior Vice President of Finance, Toronto FC See Table 8. Team Senior Administration Positions categorized as team senior administration included, but were not limited to: senior directors, directors, assistant general managers, chief legal counsels, public relations directors and directors of community relations. As of the beginning of the 2014 season, minorities who held team senior administration positions in MLS decreased significantly to 12.1 percent from 18.1 percent in the 2013 season. In 2014, Latinos held 7.9 percent (down 2.7 percentage points) of all team senior administration positions. African-­‐Americans and Asians held 1.4 percent and 1.9 percent, respectively, in 2014. Both remained the same as in 2013. The remaining 0.9 percent of team senior administration positions were held by those classified as “other,” down 3.3 percentage points from 2013. The percentage of women holding team senior administration positions decreased 0.9 percentage point from 20.4 percent in the 2013 season to 19.5 percent in 2014. MLS Grade for Team Senior Administration Race: B 12.1 percent Gender: F 19.5 percent See Table 9. 9 | P a g e M L S R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Team Professional Administration Positions categorized as team professional administration included, but were not limited to titles similar to manager, coordinator, supervisor or administrator in business operations, marketing, promotions, publications and various other departments. The category excluded the traditional support staff positions such as secretaries, administrative assistants, staff assistants and receptionists. For the fifth consecutive year, the percentage of minorities in team professional administration positions decreased. As of the beginning of the 2014 season, 18 percent of all team professional administration positions were held by minorities, down from 23.6 percent in 2013. The decrease was partially a result of a 4.6 percentage points decrease in Latinos holding these positions, down from 14.6 percent in 2013 to 10 percent in 2014. The percentage of African-­‐Americans increased by one percentage point from 3.1 percent in 2013 to 4.1 percent in 2014, while Asians decreased by 2.1 percentage points from 4.4 percent in 2013 to 2.3 percent in 2014. In 2014 those classified as “other” remained the same as 2013 at 1.5 percent. As of the beginning of the 2014 season, women holding team professional administration positions experienced a significant 10.3 percentage points decrease from 35.3 percent in 2013, to 25 percent. This was the lowest percentage of women holding team professional administration positions since the 2008 season. MLS Grade for Team Professional Administration: Race: B+ 18 percent Gender: C-­‐ 25 percent See Table 10. Physicians As of the beginning of the 2014 season, MLS team physician positions held by minorities experienced a 5.4 percentage points decrease from 15.4 percent in 2013 to 10 percent. The percent of white team physicians was 90 percent, Asian was 3.3 percent, African-­‐American was 3.3 percent, and Latino was 3.3 percent. Asians, African-­‐Americans, and Latinos all experienced a decrease of 4.4, 0.5, and 0.5 percentage point in 2014, respectively. There was one woman holding a team physician positions in 2014. There were none in 2013. See Table 11. Head Trainers 10 | P a g e M L S R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Positions categorized as head trainers included all employees listed as, but not exclusively limited to head athletic trainers and strength and conditioning coaches. As of the beginning of the 2014 season, MLS head trainer positions held by minorities experienced a 0.5 percentage point increase from 12 percent in 2013 to 12.5 percent. The percent of white head trainers decreased by 0.5 percentage point from 88.0 percent in 2013 to 87.5 to 2014. There was one Latino and one Asian head trainer. There have been no African-­‐American head trainers since 2008. There have been no women head trainers since the 2006 MLS season. See Table 12. Radio/TV Announcers The Institute recognizes the power of media to influence public perception of athletes and sport leading to the inclusion of Radio and TV broadcasters in the MLS RGRC. Given the diversity of the players and its fans in MLS, it is important that those announcing the sport are as diverse as its key constituents. As of the beginning of the 2014 MLS season, minorities experienced a 1.1 percentage point decrease from 18.7 percent in 2013 to 17.6 percent. Latinos experienced an increase of 1.1 percentage point from 16.5 percent in 2013 to 17.6 percent in 2014. African-­‐Americans decreased from 2.2 percent in 2013 to zero percent in 2014. There have not been any Asian announcers since 2004. The percentage of women holding radio and TV announcing positions increased significantly by 11 percentage points from 6.6 percent in 2013 to 17.6 percent in 2014. This was the all time high for women in radio and TV announcing positions. See Table 13. MLS Diversity Initiatives MLS has an extensive program of diversity initiatives as outlined in Appendix II. MLS Grade for Diversity Initiatives: A+ Media Contact: Jonathan Pelts – [email protected], 940-­‐391-­‐5873 Lizzie Haldane – [email protected], 914-­‐522-­‐3282 The 2014 Racial and Gender Report Card: National Basketball Association by Richard Lapchick with Drew Donovan, Erika Loomer, and Leslie Martinez Published on June 24, 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Orlando, FL, June 24, 2014 – The 2014 National Basketball Association Racial and Gender Report Card (RGRC) was released today and demonstrated the League’s continued leadership position in the sports industry with its commitment to and record for racial and gender hiring practices during the 2013-­‐2014 NBA season. The NBA once again received an A+ for racial hiring practices and a B+ for gender hiring practices with scores of 96.6 points (up from 96.5) and 85.5 points (up from 85), respectively. The overall grade was an A with 91 points, up from 90.7 in the 2013 RGRC. The NBA is the best for all three categories among the men’s professional sports. Richard Lapchick, the director of The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport (TIDES or The Institute) and primary author of the report, stated, “the NBA remains the industry leader among men’s sports for racial hiring practices. While they do well overall for gender, especially in the League Office, women are still not well represented at the senior team levels. Nonetheless, no other men’s league reaches the same points for race, gender or the combined score.” In the NBA league office, 35.1 percent of all professional employees are people of color and 40.9 percent are women. There are 42 women serving as vice presidents in the 2013-­‐2014 season. “With Adam Silver replacing David Stern as NBA Commissioner in 2014, he inherits the legacy of an era in professional sport when leagues and teams hire the best people possible. Stern embraced the moral imperative for diversity while helping to show the other leagues that diversity is also a business imperative. The evidence for the NBA’s continued commitment to racial and gender equality is seen in its strong grades in the League Office and in many key areas on the team level. This season, 43.3 percent of all head coaches were coaches of color. The NBA set a new record for assistant coaches of color with 46.7 percent. The NBA hit another historic high with 48.4 percent of their RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 2 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … officials being people of color in 2013-­‐2014. The NBA is the first league to have two owners of color leading their teams. The number of team presidents/CEOs of color increased by three. However, there were slight declines for women and people of color in the NBA League Office where the percentage of people of color dropped by 0.6 percentage point while the percentage of women declined by 0.2 percentage point. There were also small declines for both at the team level in senior and professional administrative roles. At the senior level, there were drops of 0.9 and 0.5 percentage points, respectively for people of color and women. At the professional level, there were decreases of 1.9 and 0.4 percentage points for people of color and women, respectively. Using data from the 2013-­‐2014 season, TIDES conducted an analysis of racial breakdowns of the players and coaches. In addition, the Report Card includes a racial and gender breakdown of management in the NBA league office and referees, as well as at various levels within each NBA franchise such as top management, team senior administration, team professional administration, physicians, head trainers and broadcasters. The information used was taken from NBA team media guides as of the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 season. The listing of owners, head coaches, team presidents and general managers of color for the 2014 Report Card was then updated to reflect changes through the end of the 2013-­‐2014 playoffs. One other change that is worth noting is that during the 2014 NBA playoffs, the Charlotte Bobcats changed their name to the Charlotte Hornets on May 20, 2014. This name change is reflected in the findings of this report. The 2014 Report also has the extensive list of NBA diversity initiatives, which are in Appendix II. Tables for the Report are included in Appendix I. The co-­‐authors of the report are Drew Donovan, Erika Loomer, and Leslie Martinez. The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport at the University of Central Florida publishes the Racial and Gender Report Card to indicate areas of improvement, stagnation and regression in the racial and gender composition of professional and college sports personnel and to contribute to the improvement of integration in front office and college athletics department positions. The 2014 NBA Racial and Gender Report Card follows the release of the Major League Baseball RGRC. In succession, TIDES will release the Racial and Gender Report Cards for the National Football League, the Women’s National Basketball Association, Major League Soccer and College sport. REPORT HIGHLIGHTS •
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Michael Jordan is the majority owner of the formerly known Charlotte Bobcats, now Charlotte Hornets. Vivek Ranadive, who is from India, is the controlling owner of the Sacramento Kings. They are the first two owners of color to lead their teams in any of the major professional sports leagues. African-­‐Americans comprised 77 percent of all NBA players (up by 0.7 percentage point) while 80.5 percent of players were people of color. Coaches who are people of color represented 43.3 percent of all NBA head coaches while African-­‐
American head coaches represented 40 percent. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 3 | P a g e •
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2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Erik Spoelstra, head coach of the Miami Heat, remained the only Asian NBA head coach for the sixth consecutive season. He became the first coach of Asian descent to lead his team to a championship when Miami beat Oklahoma City in 2012. He did it again in 2013 against the San Antonio Spurs. The NBA set a new record for assistant coaches of color at 46.7 percent. In the NBA league office, 35.1 percent of professional staff positions were held by people of color, a decrease from 35.7 percent at the end of the 2012-­‐2013 season. Women held 40.9 percent of all professional positions in the NBA league office, decreasing by 0.2 percentage point from the 2012-­‐2013 season. There were seven African-­‐American chief executive officers and presidents in the NBA. Latinos, Asians, or those classified as “others” held none of the CEO/president positions. That was an increase of CEO/president of color from 7.3 percent to 13 percent. Matina Kolokotronis (Sacramento Kings) and Jeanie Buss (Los Angeles Lakers) were the only women who held the role of president for NBA franchises as of the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 season. NBA general managers of color remained at 23.3 percent in the 2013-­‐2014 season. There are six African-­‐American (20 percent) general managers in the NBA. Rich Cho, General Manager of the Charlotte Hornets, remains the only Asian general manager in the history of the NBA. Upon his hiring by the Portland Trailblazers in 2010, he became the first Asian-­‐American general manager in major American men’s professional sports. Women held 16.6 percent of vice president positions in the NBA, a 1.7 percentage point decrease from the 2012-­‐2013 season. As of the start of the 2013-­‐2014 season, there were 11 teams with more than one vice president of color. The percentages of people of color and women in team senior administration positions both decreased. People of color represented 19.2 percent of team senior administration positions as of the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 NBA season, down from 20.1 percent in 2012-­‐2013. The percentage of women who held team senior administration positions decreased by 0.5 percentage point from 21.9 in 2012-­‐2013 to 21.4 percent in 2013-­‐2014. The percentage of people of color who held team professional administration positions decreased by 1.9 percentage points to 25.7 percent. The percentage of women holding team professional administration positions decreased by a 0.4 percentage point from 35 percent in 2012-­‐2013 to 34.6 percent in 2013-­‐2014. The percentage of NBA team physicians who are people of color decreased from 17.8 percent in 2012-­‐2013 to 12.7 percent in 2013-­‐2014. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 4 | P a g e •
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2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … The percentage of head athletic trainers of color increased to 30 percent from 27.3 percent as of the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 season. NBA officials of color increased by 0.9 percentage point to 48.4 percent in 2013-­‐2014, the highest in the history of the NBA. Of the 62 referees, one was a woman. OVERALL GRADES The NBA received an A+ for racial hiring practices and a B+ for gender hiring practices with scores of 96.6 points (up from 96.5)and 85.5 points (up from 85), respectively. The overall grade was an A with 91 points, up from 90.7 in the 2013 RGRC. The NBA is the best for all three categories among the men’s professional sports covered in the RGRC. The grades for race and gender in 2013 and 2014 both stand among the highest in the history of men’s professional sport covered in the RGRC. The NBA maintained its grade of a B+ for gender hiring practices with 85.5 points in 2014. The grade for gender increased the combined grade slightly from 90.7 in 2013 to 91 in 2014. The NBA received an A+ for racial hiring practices in the league office, head coaches, assistant coaches, professional administration at the team level and for player opportunities. Across the League, it earned an A-­‐ for general managers, B+/A-­‐ for senior administration, and a B for team vice presidents. The NBA received an A for gender hiring practices in the league office and a B+ for professional administration at the team level. They received an F for senior administrators at the team level and for team vice presidents. The League earned an A+ for diversity initiatives. GRADES BY CATEGORY NBA Players For the 2013-­‐2014 season, 80.5 percent of the NBA’s players were people of color, decreasing by 0.5 percent from 2012-­‐2013. The percentage of African-­‐American players in the league was 77 percent, an increase of 0.7 percentage point from the previous season. Latino players decreased from 4.4 percent in 2012-­‐2013 to 3.1 percent in 2013-­‐2014. Both Asian players and players categorized as “other” races each remained at 0.2 percent of all players. The percentage of white NBA players was 19.5 percent, an increase of 0.5 percentage point from the recorded 19 percent in 2012-­‐2013. International players comprised 20.6 percent of the NBA’s players during the 2013-­‐2014 season, increasing by 1.9 percentage points from last season. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 5 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … NBA Grade for Players: Race: A+ (80.5 percent) See Table 1. NBA League Office The NBA league office continues to have the highest percentage of people of color and women who held professional positions among all league offices of American men’s major professional sports that TIDES reports. In the NBA league office, 35.1 percent of professional staff positions were held by people of color, a decrease of 0.6 percentage point from 35.7 percent at the end of the 2012-­‐2013 season. As of the end of the 2013-­‐2014 regular season, 64.9 percent of all NBA league office professional employees were white, 17.9 percent were African-­‐American, seven percent were Latino, 9.9 percent were Asian, and less than one percent were classified as “other.” According to the data provided by the NBA, the percentage of African-­‐American and Asian professional employees decreased by 0.4 and 0.9 percentage point respectively, while the percentage of white and Latino professional employees increased by 0.6 and 0.7 percentage point respectively. Those classified as “other” remained at 0.3 percent. According to the gender employment data provided by the NBA, women comprised 40.9 percent of professional employees at the League Office during the 2013-­‐2014 season, decreasing by 0.2 percentage point from the 2012-­‐2013 Report Card. All NBA League Office data was reported as of April 30, 2014. There were 29 people of color in vice president positions during the 2013-­‐2014 season. There were 17 African-­‐American men at the vice president level: • Mark Tatum, Deputy Commissioner and Chief Operating Officer • Michael A. Bantom, Executive Vice President, Referee Operations • Emilio Collins, Senior Vice President, Global Marketing Partnerships • George Land Jr., Senior Vice President, Programming and Production, NBA China • Kenny J. Payne, Senior Vice President, Events • Myles C. Pistorius, Senior Vice President, Events • Stephen O. Richard, Senior Vice President, Business Development and Operations • Greg Taylor, Senior Vice President, Player Development • Christopher Benyarko, Vice President, Product Development and Emerging Technology • Anshell Boggs, Vice President, Risk Management • Kevin Carr, Vice President, Social Responsibility and Player Programs • Garth Case, Vice President, CRM Technology • John Daniels, Vice President, Facilities and Crisis Management • Aaron Ryan, Vice President, Marketing Solutions and USA Basketball • Rory Sparrow, Vice President, Player Development • Andrew Thompson, Vice President, Development RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 6 | P a g e •
2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Bob Lanier, Vice President and Assistant to the Commissioner There were six African-­‐American women who held NBA vice president level positions: • Chrysa Chin, Vice President, Player Development • Janice Hilliard, Vice President, Player Development • Michelle Leftwich, Vice President & Assistant General Counsel • Liliahn Majeed, Vice President, Team Marketing and Business Operations • Leah M. Wilcox, Vice President, Player and Talent Relations • Tatia Williams, Vice President, Business Affairs There were three Asian men who held vice president positions: • Anil George, Vice President and Senior Intellectual Property Counsel • Hrishi Karthikeyan, Vice President, Legal and Business Affairs • Edward Whang, Vice President, Legal and Business Affairs There was one Asian woman who held a vice president level position: • Shirin Malkani, Senior Vice President, Global Media Distribution and Business Affairs There was one Latina vice president in the NBA league office: • Saskia Sorrosa, Vice President, Innovation and Growth Platforms Including Chin, Hilliard, Leftwich, Majeed, Malkani, Sorrosa, Wilcox and Williams, there were 42 women at the vice president level or higher. This was a decrease of 0.2 percentage point from the 41.1 percent reported as of April 30, 2013. Those not included above are listed as follows: • Kathleen Behrens, Executive Vice President, Social Responsibility and Player Programs • Amy M. Brooks, Executive Vice President, Team Marketing and Business Operations • Kim Bohuny, Senior Vice President, International Basketball Operations • Melissa Rosenthal Brenner, Senior Vice President, Digital Media • Ayala Deutsch, Senior Vice President and Deputy General Counsel, NBA Properties • Kelly Flatow, Senior Vice President, Marketing • Rachel Jacobson, Senior Vice President, Business Development • Victoria Picca, Senior Vice President, Licensing and Business Affairs • Kerry A. Tatlock, Senior Vice President, Global Marketing Partnerships • Nancy E. Baldwin, Vice President, Corporate Services • Jean M. Casner, Vice President, Compensation & HRIS • Jean Cavanagh, Vice President, Facilities • Sona Chakamian, Vice President, Merchandise Planning • Kirsten Corio, Vice President, Team Marketing and Business Operations • Maureen Coyle, Vice President, Basketball Communications • Robin Ann Dally, Vice President, Marketing Solutions • Donna Daniels, Vice President, Team Marketing and Business Operations • Barbara DeCristofaro, Vice President, Events • Julie de Jesus-­‐Evans, Vice President, Digital Products and League Initiatives • Janine Dugre, Vice President, Creative Services • Maria Frangelaki, Vice President, Global Procurement • Catherine Gaines, Vice President, Global Marketing Partnerships RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 7 | P a g e •
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2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Lisa Goldberg, Vice President, Licensing Leslie Julich, Vice President, Employee Relations Carolanne E. McAuliffe, Vice President, Marketing Stacy McWilliams, Vice President, Team Marketing and Business Operations Andrea Mess-­‐Davis, Vice President, Recruiting Wendy Morris, Vice President, Team Marketing and Business Operations Lisa Piken Koper, Vice President, Licensing Michelle Pujals, Vice President and Assistant General Counsel Rita Rak, Vice President, Finance and Treasurer Susan Tohyama, Vice President, Human Resources – International Stephanie Vogel, Vice President and Assistant General Counsel, Deputy Chief Compliance Officer Nancy Zellner, Vice President, Benefits Dan Reed, who is African-­‐American, is the President of the NBA Development League. NBA Grade for League Office: Race: A+ (35.1 percent) Gender: A (40.9 percent) See Table 2. NBA Teams Owners* As of the 2014 NBA RGRC, the methodology for collecting data for team ownership includes chairman and minority owners listed by the team. Michael Jordan is the majority owner of the formerly known Charlotte Bobcats, now Charlotte Hornets. Vivek Ranadive, who is from India, is the controlling owner of the Sacramento Kings. It is the first time in the history of major professional sports in America that there are two owners of color leading their teams. Karen Gail Miller is majority owner of the Utah Jazz. Jeanie Buss is the controlling owner of the Los Angeles Lakers. The following is a list of minority owners who are people of color: • Claude Alexander, Charlotte Hornets (African-­‐American) • Carlos Evans, Charlotte Hornets (Latino) • Cornell Haynes Jr. (“Nelly”), Charlotte Hornets (African-­‐American) • Bob Johnson, Charlotte Hornets (African-­‐American) • Felix Sabates, Charlotte Hornets (Latino) • Bob Washington, Charlotte Hornets (African-­‐American) • Dr. Spurgeon Webber III, Charlotte Hornets (African-­‐American) • Anfernee “Penny” Hardaway, Memphis Grizzlies (African-­‐American) RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 8 | P a g e •
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2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Elliot Perry, Memphis Grizzlies (African-­‐American) Julio Iglesias, Miami Heat (Latino) Raanan Katz, Miami Heat (Asian) Raj Bhathal, Sacramento Kings (Asian) Patrick Soon-­‐Shiong, Los Angeles Lakers (Asian) James Lassiter, Philadelphia 76ers (African-­‐American) Will Smith, Philadelphia 76ers (African-­‐American) Jada Pinkett-­‐Smith, Philadelphia 76ers (African-­‐American) Jahm Najafi, Phoenix Suns (Asian) Raul Fernandez, Washington Wizards (Latino) Jeong H. Kim, Washington Wizards (Asian) Earl Stafford, Washington Wizards (African-­‐American) Dr. Sheila Johnson, Washington Wizards (African American) The following women were minority owners during the 2013-­‐2014 season: • Lynn Beck Simonini, Charlotte Hornets • Ashley Manning, Memphis Grizzlies • Rita Benson LeBlanc, New Orleans Pelicans • Jada Pinkett-­‐Smith, Philadelphia 76ers (African-­‐American) • Teri E. Popp, Minnesota Timberwolves • Joyce Sexton, Minnesota Timberwolves • Michelle DiFebo Freeman, Washington Wizards • Dr. Sheila Johnson, Washington Wizards (African American) See Table 3. *Note: After the release of a recorded conversation involving Los Angeles Clippers owner Donald Sterling, NBA commissioner Adam Silver banned Sterling for life from the NBA and fined him $2.5 million on April 29, 2014. The case is ongoing. Head Coaches In the 2013-­‐2014 NBA season, the number of head coaches of color decreased from the 2012-­‐2013 season. Overall, people of color represent 43.3 percent of all NBA head coaches compared to 46.7 percent in the 2012-­‐2013 season. African-­‐Americans now represent 40 percent of all head coaches, a decrease of 3.3 percentage points from 2012-­‐2013. The number of white head coaches increased to 56.7 percent from 53.3 percent in 2012-­‐2013. Erik Spoelstra of the Miami Heat remains the only Asian head coach, and has been for the past six seasons. The 12 African-­‐American head coaches at the start of the 2013-­‐2014 NBA season were: • Larry Drew, Milwaukee Bucks • Mike Brown, Cleveland Cavaliers • Glenn “Doc” Rivers, Los Angeles Clippers • Tyrone Corbin, Utah Jazz RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 9 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Mike Woodson, New York Knicks Jason Kidd, Brooklyn Nets Brian Shaw, Denver Nuggets Jacque Vaughn, Orlando Magic Monty Williams, New Orleans Pelicans Maurice Cheeks, Detroit Pistons Dwane Casey, Toronto Raptors Mark Jackson, Golden State Warriors NOTE: On February 9, 2014, the Detroit Pistons fired head coach Maurice Cheeks. John Loyer was appointed as interim head coach, followed by the latest hiring of Stan Van Gundy. This change was not made in the calculation of this section. By the time the 2014 playoffs ended, the following coaches of color had been let go: • Mike Brown, Cleveland Cavaliers • Mike Woodson, New York Knicks • Maurice Cheeks, Detroit Pistons • Mark Jackson, Golden State Warriors The following coach of color was hired during the 2014 playoffs: • Derek Fisher, New York Knicks NBA Grade for Head Coaches: Race: A+ (43.3 percent) See Tables 4 and 5. Assistant Coaches The percentage of NBA assistant coaches of color in the 2013-­‐2014 season was 46.7 percent, setting an all-­‐time record in the history of the NBA. The percentage of African-­‐American assistant coaches increased by 2.5 percentage points to 46 percent. The percentage of Latino assistant coaches remained at less than one percent for the 2013-­‐14 season. There were no Asian assistant coaches. •
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NBA Grade for Assistant Coaches: Race: A+ (46.7 percent) See Table 6. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 10 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Team Top Management Presidents and Chief Executive Officers African-­‐Americans held seven of the top executive management positions in NBA front offices as of the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 season, which was 13 percent of the total number of positions on NBA teams, an increase of 5.7 percent from 7.3 percent in 2012-­‐2013. These positions include team presidents and chief executive officers. Terdema Ussery held the role of both CEO and President since 1997. The African-­‐American chief executive officers included: • Michael Jordan, CEO, Charlotte Hornets • Terdema Ussery, CEO, Dallas Mavericks The African-­‐American team presidents included: • Joe Dumars, President of Basketball Operations, Detroit Pistons • Rod Higgins, President of Basketball Operations, Charlotte Hornets • Fred Whitfield, President and Chief Operating Officer, Charlotte Hornets • Terdema Ussery, President, Dallas Mavericks • Steve Mills, President and General Manager, New York Knicks • Masai Ujiri, President and General Manager, Toronto Raptors There were two female top executives of NBA franchises during the 2013-­‐2014 season. Matina Kolokotronis was the President of Business Operations for the Sacramento Kings and Jeanie Buss was the President/Governor of the Los Angeles Lakers. Melissa Ormond was the President of MSG Entertainment and Irina Pavlova was the President of ONEXIM Sports and Entertainment Holdings, which serves as a conduit between the Brooklyn Nets management and team ownership. By the time the 2014 playoffs ended, the following changes had taken place: • Rich Cho had become in charge of basketball operations for the Charlotte Hornets • Phil Jackson had become the President of the New York Knicks • Stan Van Gundy had become the President of the Detroit Pistons +NBA Grade for CEOs/Presidents: Race: B (13 percent) +
Not calculated in final grade. See Table 7. General Managers There were seven people of color serving as the top player personnel executive for NBA franchises that accounted for 23.3 percent of the total amount of top player personnel executives. General Managers of color remained the same from the 2012-­‐2013 season. Included in top player personnel executives are RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 11 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … general managers, director of player personnel, and presidents of basketball operations. The seven people of color serving in these positions at the beginning of the season are listed below: African Americans (20 percent): • Dell Demps, Vice President Basketball Operations and General Manager, New Orleans Pelicans • Billy King, General Manager, Brooklyn Nets • Steve Mills, President and General Manager, New York Knicks • Masai Ujiri, President and General Manager, Toronto Raptors • Joe Dumars, President of Basketball Operations, Detroit Pistons • Milt Newton, General Manager, Minnesota Timberwolves Asians (3.3 percent): • Rich Cho, General Manager, Charlotte Hornets There has never been a Latino or female general manager. By the time the 2014 playoffs ended, the following changes had taken place: • Jeff Bower replaced Joe Dumars as General Manager for the Detroit Pistons
NBA Grade for General Managers: Race: A-­‐ (23.3 percent) See Table 8. Team Vice Presidents African-­‐Americans comprised 10.3 percent of NBA franchise vice president positions at the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 season. The representation of African-­‐American vice presidents increased by 0.3 percentage point from 10 percent in the 2012-­‐2013 season. The percentage of Asian vice presidents remained constant at less than one percent, while there was a 0.9 percentage point decrease in the percent of Latinos holding vice president positions from 2.9 percent in 2012-­‐2013 to two percent in 2013-­‐2014. Overall, people of color held 13.5 percent of NBA vice president positions, which remained the same as in the 2012-­‐2013 season. Women held 16.6 percent of vice president positions in the NBA, which was a 1.7 percent decrease from the 2012-­‐2013 season. There were 36 African-­‐American NBA team vice presidents, eight of whom were women. There were 28 male African-­‐American vice presidents on NBA teams: • Skip Robinson, Vice President of Community Relations/Player Development, Milwaukee Bucks • Seth Bennett, Senior Vice President, Marketing, Entertainment, and Interactive Media, Charlotte Hornets • Ed Lewis, Vice President, Charlotte Hornets • Joe Pierce, Vice President and General Counsel, Charlotte Hornets RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 12 | P a g e •
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2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Glenn “Doc” Rivers, Senior Vice President of Basketball Operations, Los Angeles Clippers David Lee, Vice President, Corporate Partnerships and Business Development, Atlanta Hawks Garin Narain, Vice President of Public Relations, Atlanta Hawks Dominique Wilkins, Vice President of Basketball, Atlanta Hawks Garrick Amos, VP STSR and Assistant General Manager, Miami Heat Michael McCullough, Executive Vice President, CMO, Miami Heat Alonzo Morning, Vice President, Player Programs, Miami Heat Walt Perrin, Vice President, Player Personnel, Utah Jazz Chris Bernard, Vice President, Player Development and Team Operations, New York Knicks Jamaal Lesane, Vice President, Vice President Legal & Business Affairs, Team & Sports Operations, New York Knicks Ervin Johnson, Vice President, Los Angeles Lakers Scott Perry, Vice President, Assistant GM, Orlando Magic Tomago Collins, Vice President, Communications, Denver Nuggets Quinn Buckner, Vice President of Communications, Indiana Pacers Clark Kellogg, Vice President of Player Relations, Indiana Pacers Dell Demps, Senior Vice President of Basketball Operations/General Manager, New Orleans Pelicans Keith Jones, Senior Vice President of Basketball Operations, Houston Rockets Zaheer Benjamin, Vice President of Business Planning Analytics, Phoenix Suns Troy Weaver, Vice President, Assistant GM, Oklahoma City Thunder Michael Lewellen, Vice President, Communications and Public Engagement, Portland Trail Blazers Anthony Jones-­‐Deberry , Vice President, Premium Seating, Portland Trail Blazers David Kelly, Vice President and General Counsel, Golden State Warriors Marc Eversley, Vice President of Scouting, Washington Wizards Ed Tapscott, Vice President of Player Programs, Washington Wizards There were eight female African-­‐American vice presidents on NBA franchises: • Eve Wright, Vice President, Associate General Counsel, Miami Heat • Sonia Harty, Vice President, Human Resources, Miami Heat • Rhonda Curry, Vice President, Human Resources, Charlotte Hornets • Marlene Hendricks, Vice President of Guest Services and Event Staffing, Charlotte Hornets • Donna P. Julian, Senior Vice President of Arena and Event Operations/General Manager, Charlotte Hornets • Kamilah Mitchell-­‐Thomas, Vice President of Human Resources MSG Sports, New York Knicks • Carlissa Henry, Vice President of Sales and Operations, Phoenix Suns • Gail Hunter, Vice President of Public Affairs, Golden State Warriors There were five Latino vice presidents: • Antony Bonavita, Vice President, Facility Operations, Cleveland Cavaliers • Andy Montero, Vice President, Retail Business and Development, Miami Heat • Jeremy Castro, Senior Vice President of Tickets, Suites and Clubs, Utah Jazz • Anthony Perez, Vice President of Business Strategy, Orlando Magic • Bobby Perez, Vice President, General Counsel, Corporate Relations, San Antonio Spurs RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 13 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … There were two Latina vice presidents: • Linda Landman-­‐Gonzalez, Vice President, Philanthropy and Multi-­‐Cultural Insights, Orlando Magic • Elisa Padilla, Vice President of Marketing, Brooklyn Nets There was one Asian man serving as vice president of an NBA franchise: • Kevin Nonomura, Senior Vice President, Finance, Toronto Raptors There was one Asian woman vice president of an NBA franchise: • Christina Song, Vice President, Business and Legal Affairs, New York Knicks As of the start of the 2013-­‐2014 season, there were 11 teams with more than one vice president of color: the Portland Trailblazers, Charlotte Hornets, Atlanta Hawks, Miami Heat, Utah Jazz, New York Knicks, Orlando Magic, Indiana Pacers, Phoenix Suns, Golden State Warriors, and Washington Wizards. Overall, there were 58 (16.6 percent) female vice presidents of all races. Aside from the women of color listed above, the female vice presidents of NBA franchises were as follows: • Jamie Morningstar, Vice President, Ticket Sales and Services, Milwaukee Bucks • Susan Goodenow, Vice President, Branding & Communications, Chicago Bulls • Leslie Forman, Vice President of Chicago Bulls Charities, Chicago Bulls • Colleen Garrity, Vice President, Community Relations & Player Programs, Cleveland Cavaliers • Mozelle Jackson, Executive Vice President/Chief Financial Officer, Cleveland Cavaliers • Tracy Marek, Senior Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer, Cleveland Cavaliers • Mackenzie Henderson, Vice President, Ticket Sales and Advertising, Boston Celtics • Raquel Libman, Executive Vice President, General Counsel, Miami Heat • Jennifer Mallery, Vice President, Ticket Operations and Strategic Planning, Miami Heat • Kim Stone, Executive Vice President, General Manager, AmericanAirlines Arena, Miami Heat • Kim Henderson, Vice President, Community Relations and Executive Director of Cats Care Foundation, Charlotte Hornets • Ailey Penningroth, Senior Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer, Atlanta Hawks • Donna Ruiz, Vice President, Human Resources, Sacramento Kings • Donna Schwartze, Vice President Communications, Sacramento Kings • Lisa Aulebach, Vice President Account Planning, New York Knicks • Lisa Branbury, Vice President, Corporate Hospitality, New York Knicks • Dr. Lisa Callahan, Chief Medical Officer & Vice President, Player Care, New York Knicks • Vicki Shapiro, Vice President Digital, New York Knicks • Lauren Stangel, Vice President Integrated Sales, New York Knicks • Rebecca Taylor, Vice President, MSG Photo Services, New York Knicks • Marie Chindamo, Executive Vice President of Human Resources, Brooklyn Nets • Petra Pope, Senior Vice President, Event Marketing & Community Relations, Brooklyn Nets • Deb Dowling-­‐Canino, Vice President, Community Relations & Fan Development, Denver Nuggets • Lisa Johnson, Vice President of Basketball Operations, Denver Nuggets • Catherine Young Carlson, Vice President, Corporate Partnership Activation, Orlando Magic • Lisa Cotter, Vice President of Marketing, Orlando Magic • Audra Hollifield, Senior Vice President of Human Resources, Orlando Magic RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 14 | P a g e •
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2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Julie Graue, Vice President, Business Operations and Sales, Indiana Pacers Donna Wilkinson, Vice President, Human Resources, Indiana Pacers Vicky Neumeyer, Senior Vice President, General Counsel, New Orleans Pelicans Lara Price, Senior Vice President of Business Operations, Philadelphia 76ers Diane Gonzalez-­‐Ferranti, Vice President, Creative Services, Detroit Pistons Shannon Hosford, Vice President, Marketing and Communications, Toronto Raptors Gretchen Sheirr, Vice President, Sales & Services, Houston Rockets Tammy Turner, Vice President of Human Resources & Corporate Administration, San Antonio Spurs Nina Daily, Vice President, Marketing, Phoenix Suns Julie Fie, Vice President, Basketball Communications, Phoenix Suns Karen Rausch, Vice President, Human Resources, Phoenix Suns DeeAnn Palin, Senior Vice President Operations and Strategy, Phoenix Suns Tanya Wheeless, Senior Vice President, Communications and Public Affairs, Phoenix Suns Katy Semtner, Vice President, Human Resources, Oklahoma City Thunder Kristy Badger, Vice President of Marketing, Minnesota Timberwolves Cheri Hanson, Vice President, Team Relations, Portland Trail Blazers Sarah Petrone, Vice President of Human Resources, Portland Trail Blazers Traci Rose, Vice President, Community Relations, Portland Trail Blazers Shari Howard, Vice President, Partnership Marketing, Washington Wizards Kellie Vugrincic, Vice President, Human Resources, Golden State Warriors The New York Knicks led the NBA with eight female vice presidents. The Phoenix Suns were second with six female vice presidents. The following teams each had four or five female vice presidents: Miami Heat, Charlotte Hornets, and Orlando Magic. The following three teams had three female vice presidents: Cleveland Cavaliers, Brooklyn Nets, and Portland Trail Blazers. NBA Grade for Team Vice Presidents: Race: B (13.5 percent) Gender: F (16.6 percent) See Table 9. Team Senior Administrators The percentages of people of color and women in team senior administration positions both decreased. People of color represented 19.2 percent of team senior administration positions as of the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 NBA season, down from 20.1 percent in 2012-­‐2013. African-­‐Americans held 13.7 percent of team senior administration positions while Latinos held 3.6 percent, Asians held 1.4 percent and people of “other” races held the remaining 0.6 percentage point of these positions. The percentage of people of color in team senior administration positions increased for African-­‐Americans and decreased for Latino, Asians and people of “other” races. Women experienced a decrease in the percentage of team senior administration positions from 21.9 percent in 2012-­‐2013 to 21.4 percent in 2013-­‐2014. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 15 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … This category includes the following titles but is not restricted to: director, assistant general manager, chief legal counsel, chief operating officer, and chief financial officer. NBA Grade for Team Senior Administrators Race: B+/A-­‐ (19.2 percent) Gender: F (21.4 percent) See Table 10. Team Professional Administration As of the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 season, people of color held 25.7 percent of team professional administration positions for NBA franchises. This was a 1.9 percent decrease from last year’s mark of 27.6 percent. African-­‐Americans comprised 15.6 percent of team professional administration positions, Latinos accounted for 6.1 percent, Asians held 2.8 percent and those classified as “other” races comprised the remaining 1.3 percent of such positions. The percentage of women holding team professional administration positions decreased by 0.4 percentage point from 35 percent in 2012-­‐13 to 34.6 percent in 2013-­‐2014. Positions categorized as team professional administration include, but are not restricted to titles similar to: manager, coordinator, supervisor or administrator. This category excludes the traditional support staff positions such as secretaries, administrative assistants, staff assistants and receptionists. NBA Grade for Team Professional Administration Race: A+ (25.7 percent) Gender: B+ (34.6 percent) See Table 11. Physicians The percentage of NBA team physicians who are people of color decreased from 17.8 percent in 2012-­‐
2013 to 12.7 percent in 2013-­‐14. African-­‐Americans held 4.2 percent and Asians held 5.1 percent of physician positions, respectively. The percentage of women holding NBA team physician positions increased from 1.7 percent in 2012-­‐
2013 to 2.5 percent for the 2013-­‐2014 season. NBA team physicians include, but are not limited to the following positions: Orthopedist, Internist, Dentist, Cardiologist, and Ophthalmologist. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 16 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … See Table 12. Head Athletic Trainers The percentage of NBA head athletic trainers of color increased from 27.3 percent to 30 percent as of the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 season. However, African-­‐American trainers represented 23.3 percent of all head athletic trainers compared to 24.2 percent in the previous year. Latinos and Asians both represented the remaining 6.6 percent. There were no women who served as NBA head athletic trainers in the 2013-­‐2014 season. See Table 13. Radio/TV Broadcasters The percentage of people of color holding radio and television broadcasting positions decreased by 1.1 percentage points leaving the total percentage of people of color at 28.8 percent for 2013-­‐14. African-­‐
Americans accounted for 19.4 percent of the radio and television broadcast positions, while Latinos accounted for 9.4 percent. Women accounted for 4.4 percent of NBA radio and television broadcast positions, down 0.6 percentage points from the 2012-­‐2013 season. See Table 14. Referees As of the beginning of the 2013-­‐2014 season, 48.4 percent of NBA referees were people of color, the highest in the history of the NBA. The percentage of whites referees decreased by 0.9 percentage point to 51.6 percent during the 2013-­‐2014 season, while the percentage of African-­‐American NBA referees increased by 0.9 percentage point to 46.8 percent of total referees. Latinos and those categorized as “other” races remained at 1.6 percent and zero percent of NBA referees, respectively, during the 2013-­‐
2014 NBA season, respectively. In 1997, Violet Palmer and Dee Kanter were signed by the NBA to become the first female referees in U.S. major professional sport history. Palmer is currently the only female referee in the NBA, accounting for 1.6 percent of all NBA referees, which has remained constant since the 2005-­‐06 season. See Table 15. RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE 17 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D … NBA Diversity Initiatives The NBA has had an outstanding variety of diversity initiatives impacting a number of areas including employee training and development, employee recruitment, vendor diversity and community relations, as outlined in Appendix II. NBA Grade for Diversity Initiatives: A+ RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE Media Contact: Jonathan Pelts 940-­‐391-­‐5873, [email protected] Lizzie Haldane 914-­‐522-­‐3282, [email protected] The 2014 Racial and Gender Report Card: National Football League by Richard Lapchick with Drew Donovan, Stephens Rogers, and April Johnson published September 10, 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Orlando, FL – September 10, 2014… The National Football League achieved its fifth consecutive A for racial hiring practices and a C-­‐ for gender hiring practices in the 2014 NFL Racial and Gender Report Card, released by The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport (TIDES) at the University of Central Florida (UCF). This gave the NFL a combined B grade. The NFL’s score for race was its all-­‐time best at 92.3 percent. The score for gender was 69 percent. The grade for race increased from 90 percent in 2013 while gender decreased from 71 percent. The overall grade for the NFL also increased slightly from 80.5 percent to 80.6 percent resulting in a B. Using data from the 2013 season, the Institute conducted an analysis of the demographics of players, managers and coaches. In addition the Report includes a racial and gender breakdown of top team management, senior administration, professional administration, physicians, head trainers and broadcasters. Coaches, general managers, presidents and owners were updated as of July 29th, 2014. Richard Lapchick, Director of TIDES and the primary author of the study, said “the initiatives of Commissioner Roger Goodell and Executive Vice President for Human Resources and Chief Diversity Officer, Robert Gulliver, have continued to bring good results for the NFL in racial hiring practices. At the league office, the example is being set for the teams by continuing to make improvements in the hiring of women and people of color in senior positions. Due to hiring and promotions, the total number of diverse employees at or above the VP level increased by three percent in 2014. The number of women at or above the VP level increased by five percent in 2014. The number of ethnically diverse employees at or above the VP level remained constant at 14 percent in 2014. Lapchick continued, “There was a major breakthrough in 2012 when Shahid Kahn became the first majority owner of color in the NFL after he purchased the Jacksonville Jaguars. This year the San RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR • C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR FITZ HILL, VISITING SCHOLAR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~
2 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Francisco 49ers promoted Paraag Marathe to team president after Gideon Yu stepped down from the position. Gideon Yu was the first president of color in the history of the NFL. Two of the 12 teams making the 2013-­‐14 playoffs had an African-­‐American coach. The coaches were Marvin Lewis of the Cincinnati Bengals and Ron Rivera of the Carolina Panthers. ” There had been considerable concern among NFL officials and advocates for increased head coaching opportunities for people of color as there were only four people of color in head coaching positions in 2013. This year provided some encouragement as two coaches of color were hired resulting in five people of color as head coaches at the start of the 2014 NFL season. The all-­‐time record was eight coaches of color in 2011. The NFL continues to struggle with gender hiring practices at the team level while there was a slight improvement for gender at the league level where a B-­‐ was earned for the first time. The Report Card asks, “Are we playing fair when it comes to sports? Does everyone, regardless of race or gender, have a chance to score a touchdown or operate the business of professional football?” The answer is yes for racial hiring practices and not yet for gender hiring practices. The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport (TIDES), located at the University of Central Florida (UCF), publishes the Racial and Gender Report Card annually to indicate areas of improvement, stagnation, and regression in the racial and gender composition of professional and college sports personnel and to contribute to the improvement of integration in front office and college athletic department positions. The publication of the 2014 NFL Racial and Gender Report Card follows the publication of the reports on college sport, the National Basketball Association, and Major League Baseball. The remaining reports for this year will be for Major League Soccer and National Football League. REPORT HIGHLIGHTS •
In the League Office, as a result of both hiring and promotions, the total number of women and people of color at or above the vice president level has continued to increase including a three percent gain from 2013 to 2014. The number of women at or above the VP level increased by 5 percent, from 20 in 2013 to 21 in 2014 while the number of ethnically diverse employees at or above the VP level remained constant at 14 percent from 2013. •
League Office initiatives included the creation of a women’s interactive network, partnership with leading diversity advocacy organizations such as the Fritz Pollard Alliance and Women In Sports and Events, diversity training across the league office, establishment of diversity accountabilities for all senior leaders, enhancement of diversity recruitment resources, and the creation talent management programs. •
The San Francisco 49ers promoted Paraag Marathe to team president after Gideon Yu stepped down from the position. Gideon Yu was the first president of color in the history of the NFL. •
There were seven African-­‐American general managers in 2014. This marks eight consecutive years with at least five general managers who are people of color. Ozzie Newsome became the second African-­‐American general manager to win a Super Bowl when the Baltimore Ravens won in 2013. 3 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … •
Nine out of the last 15 Super Bowl teams have had either an African-­‐American head coach or general manager. The coaches were Tony Dungy (Colts), Lovie Smith (Bears), Mike Tomlin (Steelers, twice) and Jim Caldwell (Colts). The GMs were Jerry Reese (Giants, twice), Rod Graves (Cardinals) and Ozzie Newsome (Ravens). •
There were five head coaches of color at the start of the 2014 season, up from four in 2013. This remains a significant concern among NFL officials. The all-­‐time record of eight people of color as head coaches in the NFL was in 2011. •
The total number of people of color serving as vice presidents on NFL teams has risen from 19 in 2012 to 35 in 2013. The number of female vice presidents increased from 37 in 2012 to 39 in 2013. •
The percentage of people of color who held senior administrator positions on NFL teams in 2013 increased to 17 percent from 15 percent when compared to 2012. The percentage of the total senior administrator positions on NFL teams held by women decreased one percentage point to 19 percent since the last report card. •
People of color holding professional positions on teams remained the same at 19 percent. The percentage of women in professional administrative positions decreased two percentage points to 27 percent in 2013. •
The percentage of African-­‐American players increased to 67.3 percent in 2013 from 66.3 percent in the 2012 season. The percentage of whites in 2013 increased to 31 percent from 30.1 percent in 2012. Latinos, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and “other” were 0.6 percent, 0.7 percent, and 0.5 percent, respectively; 1.5 percent were international players 4 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … OVERALL GRADES The National Football League achieved its fifth consecutive A for racial hiring practices and a C-­‐ for gender hiring practices in the 2014 NFL Racial and Gender Report Card, released by The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport (TIDES) at the University of Central Florida (UCF). This gave the NFL a combined B grade. The NFL’s score for race was its all-­‐time best at 92.3 percent. The score for gender was 69 percent. The grade for race increased from 90 percent in 2013 while gender decreased from 71 percent. The overall grade for the NFL also increased slightly from 80.5 percent to 80.6 percent resulting in a B. For race, the NFL received an A+ for players, the League Office, and assistant coaches; an A for general managers; a B+ for head coach, team senior administrators and team professional administrators and a B for team vice presidents. The NFL received a B-­‐ for gender hiring practices for the League Office, a C for team professional administration, and an F for team senior administrators and team vice presidents. The NFL received an A+ for Diversity Initiatives. GRADES BY CATEGORY Players During the NFL’s 2013 season, the percentage of African-­‐American players increased to 67.3 percent from 66.3 percent during the 2012 season. It was the highest percentage of African-­‐Americans since the 2003 season. The percentage of whites in 2013 increased to 31 percent from 30.1 percent in 2012. Latinos, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and “other” were 0.6 percent, 0.7 percent, and 0.5 percent, respectively; 1.5 percent were international players NFL Grade for Players: Race: A+ 69 percent See Table 1. NFL League Office The NFL League Office has had the leadership and guidance necessary to lay the groundwork for a diverse and inclusive organization throughout all levels of the league. The League Office continues to maintain and introduce diversity initiatives each year. A full list of initiatives is in the Appendix. They include the women’s interactive network, partnerships with leading diversity advocacy organizations such as the Fritz Pollard Alliance and Women In Sports and Events, diversity training across the league office, establishment of diversity accountabilities for all senior leaders, enhancement of diversity recruitment resources, and the creation of talent management programs. 5 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Due to hiring and promotions, the total number of diverse employees at or above the VP level increased by three percent from 31 in 2013 to 32 in 2014. The number of women at or above the VP level increased by five percent, from 20 in 2013 to 21 in 2014. The number of ethnically diverse employees at or above the VP level remained constant at 14 from 2013. Overall, the percentage of management positions for people of color in the League Office increased to 28.2 percent in 2014, up from 27.6 percent in 2013. The percentage of African-­‐Americans increased from 9.2 percent in 2013 to 9.7 percent in 2014. Latinos showed an increase from 4.9 percent to 5.8 percent. Asians decreased from 10.1 percent in 2013 to 9.2 percent in 2014. Native-­‐Americans holding management positions remained at less than one percent. The percentage of management positions held by women increased to 29.6 percent in 2014 from 29.3 percent in 2013, becoming the highest percentage in the report’s history. In 2014, there were 14 people of color who served as vice presidents in the League Office, which remained the same as in 2013. There were seven African-­‐American males, three Asian males, one Latino, two African-­‐American females and one Latina. They include: African-­‐American: • Adolpho Birch III, Senior Vice President, Labor Policy • Kim Fields, Vice President, Player Engagement • Robert Gulliver, Executive Vice President, Chief Human Resources and Diversity Officer • Merton Hanks, Vice President, Football Operations • Natara Holloway, Vice President, Brand and Retail Development • Kenneth Pimpton, Vice President, Internal Audit • Rory Verrett, Vice President, Government Relations • Troy Vincent, Senior Vice President, Football Operations • Charles Way, Vice President, Player Engagement Asian: • Aniruddha Bose, Vice President, Broadcast Operations • Manish Jha, Vice President, Digital Media • Vishal Shah, Vice President, Digital Media Latino: • Andres Astralaga, Vice President of Human Resources • Belinda Lerner, Vice President, Alumni Affairs and Retired Player Programs There were 21 women who served as vice presidents in the League Office (up from 20 in 2013); 18 were white, two were African-­‐American and one was Latina. They were: • Renie Anderson, Senior Vice President, Sponsorship • Mary Pat Augenthaler, Vice President, Event Production • Anastasia Danias, Senior Vice President, Chief Litigation Officer • Kim Fields, Vice President, Player Engagement • Natara Holloway, Vice President, Brand and Retail Development • Anna Isaacson, Vice President, Community Relations and Philanthropy • Jennifer Langton, Vice President, Player Health and Safety 6 | P a g e •
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2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Belinda Lerner, Vice President, Alumni Affairs & Retired Player Programs Jennifer Love, Vice President, Coordinating Director, NFL Network Kim McFadden, Vice President, Human Resources Michelle McKenna, Senior Vice President, Information Technology Julie Moeller, Vice President, International Media Strategy & Development Julie Perlish, Vice President, Consumer Insights and Research Tracy Perlman, Vice President, Entertainment Marketing & Promotions Rosemary Roser, Vice President, Controller Kennie Smith, Executive in Charge of Project Management* Sarah Swanson, Vice President, Marketing & Promotions, NFL Network Christine Vicari, Vice President, Labor Finance Jamie Weston, Vice President, Brand Creative Cathy Yancy, Vice President, Rights, Policies & Compliance, NFL Media Group Lorey Zlotnick, Senior Vice President, Network Marketing *This title at NFL Films is equivalent to corporate vice president. NFL Grade for League Office: Race: A+ 28.2 percent Gender: B-­‐ 29.6 percent See Table 2. Ownership The Jacksonville Jaguars are the only NFL franchise to have a majority owner of color. Shahid Khan, a Pakistani-­‐born American businessman, joined NFL ownership on January 4, 2012. The following women are either principal owners or hold significant ownership stakes in NFL franchises: • Mary Wilson, Buffalo Bills (the team is being sold) • Virginia McCaskey, Chicago Bears • Martha Ford, Detroit Lions • Rita LeBlanc, New Orleans Saints • Ann Mara, New York Giants • Carol Davis, Oakland Raiders • Denise DeBartolo, San Francisco 49ers • Linda Glazer, Tampa Bay Buccaneers • Susie Smith, Tennessee Titans Head Coaches There had been considerable concern among NFL officials and advocates for increased head coaching opportunities for people of color as there were only four people of color in head coaching positions in 2013. This year provided some encouragement as two coaches of color were hired resulting in five 7 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … people of color as head coaches at the start of the 2014 NFL season. The all-­‐time record was eight coaches of color in 2011. Mike Tomlin helped lead the Pittsburgh Steelers to 2011 Super Bowl, their second Super Bowl appearance in his tenure. In doing so, he became the first African-­‐American head coach to lead any team to two Super Bowls. He also became the fifth African-­‐American head coach in the last five Super Bowls. In 2010 Jim Caldwell helped lead the Indianapolis Colts to the Super Bowl in his first season as head coach. The Indianapolis Colts and Chicago Bears faced off in the 2007 Super Bowl with two African-­‐
Americans, Tony Dungy and Lovie Smith, leading their respective teams. It was the first time this had happened in the NFL. It has only happened once in the National Basketball Association, and it has never happened in Major League Baseball. There were four African-­‐American head coaches at the start of the 2014 season, increasing from three at the beginning of the 2013 season. • Marvin Lewis, Cincinnati Bengals • Jim Caldwell, Detroit Lions • Mike Tomlin, Pittsburgh Steelers • Lovie Smith, Tampa Bay Buccaneers Ron Rivera was the only Latino head coach in 2014. When hired in 2011 by the Carolina Panthers, Ron Rivera became the third Latino head coach in NFL history. Tom Fears was the NFL’s first Latino head coach when he took over the New Orleans Saints in 1967. The four head coaches of color in the 2013 season were: • Marvin Lewis, Cincinnati Bengals • Mike Tomlin, Pittsburgh Steelers • Leslie Frazier, Minnesota Vikings • Ron Rivera, Carolina Panthers The efforts of the Commissioner, as well as the diversity groups appointed by the NFL in the past several years, had brought about a dramatic change in the head coaching landscape. Former players formed the Fritz Pollard Alliance to add pressure to the league and create more momentum for change. Progress seemed to not only stagnate but reversed after an all-­‐time high of eight head coaches of color lead teams in 2011. It went to six in 2012, four in 2013 and five in 2014. The Rooney Rule, which requires that people of color be interviewed as part of the search process for head coaches, helped triple the number of African-­‐American head coaches in the NFL from two in 2001 to six in 2005. There were seven African-­‐American head coaches in 2006, and there have been at least three African-­‐American head coaches each year since 2007. The Rooney Rule was named after Steelers owner Dan Rooney, who is the head of the League’s diversity committee. The NFL’s policy is similar to the approach adopted earlier by Major League Baseball in 1999 under Bud Selig, which helped triple the number of managers of color in MLB in the first few years after implementation. 8 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Former NFL coaches at the college level The progress that the NFL has made since the adoption of the Rooney Rule in 2002 is particularly significant considering historically there has been virtually no college pipeline for African-­‐American head coaches. All of this progress is what makes the recent record noteworthy and discouraging. No former African-­‐American NFL head coach has even been hired as a major college head coach. Notable African-­‐American former NFL coaches who routinely took their NFL teams to the playoffs or championship game include: •
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Tony Dungy (career record of 139-­‐69 and won Super Bowl XLI with the Colts) None of these former successful NFL head coaches have been selected to lead a college team, while coaches with far less success in the NFL such as Butch Davis, Dennis Erickson, Lane Kiffin and Al Groh have all been selected to lead college teams. NFL Grade for Head Coaches: Race: B+ 16 percent See Tables 3 and 4. Assistant Coaches The percentage of assistant coaches of color decreased from 33 percent in 2012 to 31 percent in 2013. At the start of the 2013 NFL season, there were 14 African-­‐Americans holding coordinator positions up from five African-­‐American coordinators in 2012. These coordinators were: •
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2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Keith Burns, Washington Redskins, Special Teams Coordinator Also in 2013, Juan Castillo remained the league’s only Latino as the run game coordinator for the Baltimore Ravens. For the first time, there is an Asian holding a coordinator position. Rocky Seto was the defensive passing and game coordinator for the Seattle Seahawks. NFL Grade for Assistant Coaches: Race: A+ 31 percent See Table 5. Top Management CEOs/Presidents Amy Trask resigned in May 2013 from the Oakland Raiders after spending 25 seasons with the organization and was the only female president/CEO in the NFL. The San Francisco 49ers promoted Paraag Marathe to team president after Gideon Yu stepped down from the position. Gideon Yu was the first president of color in the history of the NFL. See Table 6. General Manager/Principal-­‐in-­‐Charge For the start of the 2014 season, the number of general managers of color increased to seven from six in 2013. The African-­‐American general managers starting the 2014 season were: • Doug Whaley, General Manager, Buffalo Bills • Ray Farmer, General Manager, Cleveland Browns • Martin Mayhew, General Manager, Detroit Lions • Reggie McKenzie, General Manager, Oakland Raiders • Ozzie Newsome, General Manager, Baltimore Ravens • Jerry Reese, Senior Vice President and General Manager, New York Giants • Rick Smith, General Manager, Houston Texans Jerry Reese helped lead the Giants to a Super Bowl victory in 2008 and in 2012. Ozzie Newsome did the same with the Baltimore Ravens in 2013. NFL Grade for General Manager/Principal-­‐in-­‐Charge: Race A 24 percent See Table 7.
10 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Team Vice Presidents The percentage of people of color serving as NFL team vice presidents increased in 2013 to 13 percent from eight percent in 2012. The percentage of female vice presidents decreased from 17 percent to 15 percent. African-­‐American vice presidents increased from six percent in 2012 to eight percent in 2013. The percentage of white vice presidents decreased to 86 percent from 91 percent. There were 22 African-­‐American vice presidents in 2013, up from 13 in 2012. Latino vice presidents increased from three to five for the 2013 season, which included one Latina. Those who were classified as “other” represented three percent of vice presidents in the NFL. The following are the 22 African-­‐Americans who held vice president positions with their teams in 2013: • Kendyl Moss, Vice President of Community Relations, Atlanta Falcons • Reggie Roberts, Vice President of Football Communications, Atlanta Falcons • Ozzie Newsome, Executive Vice President and Player Personnel, Baltimore Ravens • Sashi Brown, Executive Vice President General Counsel, Cleveland Browns • Kevin Griffin, Vice President of Fan Experience and Marketing, Cleveland Browns • Cedric Saunders, Vice President of Football Operations, Detroit Lions • Martin Mayhew, Executive Vice President Football Operations and General Manager, Detroit Lions • Sheldon White, Vice President of Pro Personnel, Detroit Lions • Rick Smith, Executive Vice President of Football Operations, Houston Texans • Jimmy Raye, Vice President of Football Operations, Indianapolis Colts • Ted Crews, Vice President of Communications, Kansas City Chiefs • Jason Jenkins, Vice President of Communications, Miami Dolphins • Nat Moore, Senior Vice President/Special Advisor, Miami Dolphins • Kevin Warren, Vice President of Legal Affairs and CAO, Minnesota Vikings • E. Peter John-­‐Baptiste, Vice President of Communications, New York Giants • Ronnie Barnes, Senior Vice President, Medical Services, New York Giants • Jerry Reese, Senior Vice President and General Manager, New York Giants • Marc Ross, Vice President of Player Evaluation, New York Giants • Keena Turner, Vice President of Football Affairs, San Francisco 49ers • Lake Dawson, Vice President of Player Personnel, Tennessee Titans • Aaron Waller, Vice President of Administration & Operations, Washington Redskins • Tony Wyllie, Senior Vice President of Communications, Washington Redskins There were five Latino vice president at the start of the 2013 season. • Luis Perez, Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Detroit Lions • Mike DeMartino, Vice President of Corporate Sales, Jacksonville Jaguars • Claudia Lezcano Del Campo, Senior Vice President/Chief Marketing Officer, Miami Dolphins • George Torres, Vice President of Ticket Sales and Retention, Miami Dolphins • Jeff Fernandez, Vice President of Business Development and Ventures, New York Jets The Atlanta Falcons, Cleveland Browns, Detroit Lions, Jacksonville Jaguars Miami Dolphins, New York Giants, New York Jets, and Washington Redskins were the only teams with more than one vice president of color. 11 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Women held 39 of the vice president positions in 2013. Kendyl Moss and Claudia Lezcano Del Campo were the only women of color who served as a vice president in 2013. The following women held the remaining 37 positions: • Kim Shreckengost, Executive Vice President Chief of Staff, Atlanta Falcons • Lisa Manning, Vice President of Marketing, Arizona Cardinals • Michelle Andres, Vice President of Digital Media, Baltimore Ravens • Gabrielle Dow, Vice President of Marketing, Baltimore Ravens • Gretchen Geitter, Vice President of Community Relations, Buffalo Bills • Mary Owen, Executive Vice President of Strategic Planning, Buffalo Bills • Katie Blackburn, Executive Vice President, Cincinnati Bengals • Renee Harvey, Vice President of Community Outreach, Cleveland Browns • Charlotte Anderson, Executive Vice President of Brand Management, Dallas Cowboys • Jennifer Cadicamo, Vice President of Partnership Activation, Detroit Lions • Allison Maki, Vice President of Finance & Administration, Detroit Lions • Elizabeth Parkinson, Senior Vice President of Marketing and Partnerships, Detroit Lions • Kelly Urquhart, Vice President of Events, Detroit Lions • Cindy Kellogg, Vice President of Community Development, Denver Broncos • Nancy Svoboda, Senior Vice President of Human Resources, Denver Broncos • Marilan Logan, Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer, Houston Texans • Suzie Thomas, Executive Vice President, Houston Texans • Kelly Flanagan, Vice President of Finance and Planning, Jacksonville Jaguar • Megha Parekh, Vice President, Jacksonville Jaguar • Kirsten Krug, Vice President of Administration, Kansas City Chiefs • Dawn Aponte, Executive Vice President of Football Administration, Miami Dolphins • Tery Howard, Senior Vice President-­‐Chief Technology Officer, Miami Dolphins • Robyn Glaser, Vice President of the Kraft Group, New England Patriots • Jennifer Ferron, Senior Vice President of Marketing and Brand Development, New England Patriots • Jessica Gelman, Vice President of Customer Marketing and Strategy, New England Patriots • Vicky Neumeyer, Vice President/General Counsel, New Orleans Saints • Christine Procops, Senior Vice President/Chief Financial Officer, New York Giants • Molly Argobast, Vice President of Corporate Partnerships, Philadelphia Eagles • Anne Gordon, Senior Vice President of Media and Communications, Philadelphia Eagles • Molly Higgins, Vice President of Corporate Communications & Civic Affairs, St. Louis Rams • Jeanne Bonk, Executive Vice President/Chief Financial Officer, San Diego Chargers • Patty Inglis, Executive Vice President, San Francisco 49ers • Jenneen Kaufman, Vice President/Chief Financial Officer, Tennessee Titans • Karen Beckman, Chief Financial Officer/Vice President of Finance, Seattle Seahawks • Cindy Kelley, Vice President of Human Resources & Administration, Seattle Seahawks • Nancy Hubacher, Vice President of Sales and Marketing, Washington Redskins • Asheesh Kinra, Vice President of Information and Technology, Washington Redskins The Patriots, Seahawks, Dolphins, Lions, Ravens, Colts, Bills, Falcons and Texans were the only teams in the NFL with more than one woman as a vice president. 12 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … NFL Grade for Team Vice-­‐Presidents: Race: B 14 percent Gender: F 15 percent See Table 8. Senior Administration This category includes the following titles but is not restricted to: directors, assistant general managers, chief legal counsel, salary cap managers, public relations directors, and directors of community relations. In 2013, people of color held 17 percent of all team NFL senior administration positions. The percentage increased after remaining the same for two consecutive seasons. African-­‐Americans have remained since 2011 at 12 percent. Latinos and Asians remained the same at two percent and one percent from the previous year. Women occupied 19 percent of the senior administrator positions during the 2013 NFL season, which was a decrease of one percentage point from 2012. NFL Grade for Senior Administration: Race: B+ 17 percent Gender: F 19 percent See Table 9. Professional Administration The category of Professional Administration includes, but is not limited to, positions such as: assistant directors, controllers, video coordinators, equipment managers, coordinators, supervisors, and managers. In 2013, the percentage of people of color in team professional administrative positions was 19 percent, remaining the same as in 2012. The percentage of African-­‐American professional administrators increased by one percentage point to 12 percent and Latino professional administrators decreased by one percentage point to four percent. Asians in these same positions increased to two percent overall. Women in these positions decreased two percentage points to 27 percent, which is the lowest percent of women in professional administration positions since 2007. NFL Grade for Professional Administration: Race: B+ 19 percent Gender: C 27 percent See Table 10. 13 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Physicians In 2013, the percentage of white physicians increased from 2012 when it was 86 percent to 88 percent in 2013. African-­‐Americans increased by one percentage point to five percent, Latinos remained at one percent and Asians remained the same at four percent. The percentage of “other” physicians decreased from six to three percent. The percentage of female team physicians increased from two percent in 2012 to four percent in 2013. See Table 11. Head Trainers In 2013, 84 percent of the head trainers in the NFL were white (up from 83 percent) while African-­‐
Americans decreased from 17 percent to 13 percent. There was one Asian, which increased from zero in 2012, and no Latino head trainers for the 2013 season. There were no women serving as head trainers. See Table 12. Stacking Most observers agree that the issue of stacking in the NFL is no longer a concern of significance. In the 2013 NFL season, African-­‐Americans held 17.1 percent of the quarterback positions, decreasing by 2.9 percentage points from 2012. The quarterback has been football’s central “thinking” position. Historically, the positions of running back, wide receiver, cornerback, and safety have had disproportionately high percentages of African-­‐Americans. The latter positions rely a great deal on speed and reactive ability. The quarterback position was the primary concern since it was so central to the game and now that African-­‐Americans have broken down that barrier, concern about stacking has been greatly diminished. The breakdown of all positions for African-­‐Americans and whites is listed in Tables 13, 14 and 15. National Football League -­‐ Game Officials The NFL continues to increase diversity in the ranks of its game officials. Carl Johnson, an African-­‐
American and former Vice President of Officiating, now serves as a full time official. Alberto Riveron, the NFL’s first Latino referee, is employed as Senior Director, Officiating at the League Office. David Coleman, an African-­‐American, is the Director of Officiating. The number of African-­‐American, Latino and Native American officials increased from 34 in 2013 to 36 for the 2014 season. Jerome Boger and Ron Torbert will lead their officiating crews. Both are African-­‐
American. Mike Carey, a long serving African-­‐American referee, joined the broadcast team at CBS for the 2014 season. The crew that worked the February 2014 Super Bowl (Seahawks vs. Broncos) included an African-­‐American line judge, Tom Symonette, and three African-­‐American alternates, Greg Bradley, James Coleman and Terrence Miles. 14 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 N F L R G R C C O N T I N U E D … Two women, line judge Sarah Thomas and head linesman Maia Chaka, worked minicamps and preseason games this year. They are in the officiating development program and officiated in Conference USA in 2013. See Table 16. NFL Diversity Initiatives The NFL has an excellent variety of diversity and community initiatives impacting a number of areas which are explained in Appendix II. NFL Grade for Diversity Initiatives: A+ Media Contact: Jonathan Pelts – [email protected], 940-­‐391-­‐5873 Lizzie Haldane – [email protected], 914-­‐522-­‐3282 The 2014 Women’s National Basketball Association Racial and Gender Report Card by Richard Lapchick with April Johnson and Andrea Yacaman published on October 8, 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Orlando, FL… October 8, 2014 – The WNBA broke its own record for the highest combined grade in the history of the Racial and Gender Report Cards (RGRC) by accumulating 96.5 points. It once again received a combined grade of an A+ for race and gender after earning an A+ for race and an A+ for gender in the 2014 WNBA Racial and Gender Report Card issued today by The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport (TIDES) at the University of Central Florida. The 96.5 combined points surpassed its own record set in the 2013 WNBA RGRC when it accumulated 96 points. This marks the 10th consecutive year that the WNBA has received at least As for its overall race, gender and combined grades. The WNBA has regularly been the industry leader for all professional sport when it comes to diversity and inclusion. In spite of the new record and long-­‐term high grades, there were some notable declines including that women holding team professional administration positions decreased by seven percentage points and women serving as senior team administrators fell from 48 percent in 2013 to 37 percent in 2014. Nonetheless, the WNBA received at least an A-­‐ for gender in all categories except for team vice presidents. The WNBA received at least an A for race in all categories except for team vice presidents and senior team administration. The percentage of people of color increased for assistant coaches from 38 percent in 2013 to a new record 52 percent in 2014. Richard Lapchick, the director of TIDES and primary author of the report, said, “President Laurel Richie continues to lead the WNBA as the standard setter for racial and gender diversity amongst all professional leagues. This was the third consecutive year that the WNBA set a new record for combined points in the history of the Racial and Gender Report Cards. To say this is outstanding is an understatement. Once again, the WNBA had the highest number of As as well as the lowest number of grades below an A in all categories compared to the other professional leagues. The NBA is the only RICHARD E. LAPCHICK, DIRECTOR C. KEITH HARRISON, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR • SCOTT BUKSTEIN, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Tel: 407-­‐823-­‐1516 or 407-­‐823-­‐4887 • Fax: 407-­‐823-­‐3771 • Web: www.tidesport.org ~MAKING WAVES OF CHANGE~ 2 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D men’s league that is comparable with an A+ for racial hiring practices and a B+ for gender hiring practices in the 2014 NBA RGRC.” The Report Card asks, “Are we playing fair when it comes to sports? Does everyone, regardless of race or gender, have a chance to score a basket and run the team?” The answer for the WNBA is a resounding “yes” with the best record in professional sports. Using data from the 2014 season, The Institute conducted an analysis of the racial breakdown of the players. In addition, the Report includes a racial and gender breakdown of the management in the WNBA League Office and at the team level, top team management, general managers, head coaches, assistant coaches, senior team administration, professional team administration, physicians and head trainers. Tables for the report are included in Appendix I. The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport located at the University of Central Florida publishes the Racial and Gender Report Card to indicate areas of improvement, stagnation and regression in the racial and gender composition of professional and college sports’ personnel and to contribute to the improvement of integration in front office and college athletics department positions. The WNBA Racial and Gender Report Card is the fourth report issued in 2014 after the releases of the reports on Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association, and National Football League. REPORT HIGHLIGHTS •
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The percentage of people of color holding professional level staff positions in the WNBA League Office decreased from 33 to 29 percent in 2014 while the percentage of women remained the same at 79 percent. WNBA players of color decreased by three percentage points in 2014. African-­‐American players decreased from 73 percent in 2013 to 69 percent in 2014, white players increased from 20 percent to 23 percent and players classified as “other” decreased from seven percent in 2013 to six percent in 2014. For the first time since 2011 there were two Latino players (one percent), but there have been no Asian players since 2007. International players account for 14 percent of WNBA players. 12 women and six people of color had ownership positions on a WNBA franchise in 2014. This represented an increase of three women from 2013. Most owners were limited partners. There continued to be no individual people of color who were majority owners during the 2014 season. For the 2014 season, there were four African-­‐American head coaches (33 percent), one more than the 2013 season. There were six women as head coaches in the 2014 season, which was an increase of one from 2013. The percentages for people of color holding assistant coaching positions at 52 percent and women at 68 percent were both at historic highs in 2014. The number of women in the top management role decreased from five to four women CEO/Presidents from 2013 to 2014. There were three people of color in this position. In the 2014 season, there were four women and three African-­‐American general managers compared to four and four, respectively, in 2013. 3 | P a g e •
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2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D In the 2014 season, people of color who held team vice president positions increased by one percentage point, going from six percent in 2013 to seven percent in 2014. The percentage of women team vice presidents decreased from 26 percent to 23 percent. The percentage of women who were senior team administrators decreased from 48 percent in 2013 to 37 percent in 2014. There was a decrease of 1 percentage point of African-­‐American senior team administrators from 13 to 12 percent, while whites and Latinos increased from 80 and 2 percent in 2013 to 83 and 4 percent in 2014, respectively. For the 2014 season, the percentage of people of color holding professional team positions decreased from 29 to 23 percent. The percentage of women in professional team administration roles decreased from 49 percent in 2013 to 42 percent in 2014. 4 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D OVERALL GRADES The WNBA once again received a combined grade of an A+ for race and gender after earning an A+ for race and an A+ for gender in the 2014 WNBA Racial and Gender Report Card. The 96.5 points accumulated for the combined grade broke its own record set in the 2013 WNBA RGRC when it also received a combined A+ with 96 points. The WNBA received an A+ for race and gender in the WNBA League Office, head coaches and assistant coaches. An A+ was given for race to players and general managers. It also received an A+ for gender in professional team administration positions. The WNBA received an A-­‐ for race in professional team staff while receiving an A for gender in general managers and an A-­‐ for senior team administration. The only grades below an A-­‐ were a B+ for senior team administration in race, and a D+ for gender and race in team vice-­‐presidents. As it has had before, the WNBA once again had the highest number of As and the lowest number of grades below an A in all categories compared to the other professional leagues. GRADES BY CATEGORY Players* In the 2014 WNBA season, 23 percent of the players were white, 69 percent were African-­‐American, and players classified as “other” represented 6 percent. For the first time since 2011 there were two Latino players (1 percent). There have been no Asian players since 2007. International players made up 14 percent of the WNBA rosters. WNBA Grade for Players Race: A+ (77 percent) See Table 1. *Starting in 2013 WNBA RGRC, reporting on international player data was no longer calculated in the overall player percentages. However, it remains part of the player table (see Table 1). An international player will be classified as both international and under his or her recognized race. WNBA League Office The WNBA is operated as a separate and independent league from the National Basketball Association (NBA). According to information provided by the league, the WNBA League Office has a dedicated full-­‐
time staff that includes personnel in basketball and business operations, and player personnel, as well as public relations. However, with respect to other staff services, the league decided there would be significant cost-­‐saving opportunities arising from common ownership and related functions that must be performed by both leagues. As a result, WNBA staffing needs with respect to administration, 5 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D advertising, product licensing, legal services, broadcasting, international development, event management, team operations, internet/technology services and general services are performed on a “shared” basis by personnel who perform the same functions for the NBA. When Laurel J. Richie became the president of the WNBA in 2011, she became the first woman of color to be named head of a professional sports league. Donna Orender stepped down after six successful seasons. The percentage of people of color holding professional level staff positions in the WNBA League Office decreased to 29 percent in 2014 (down from 33 percent) while the percentage of women remained the same from 2013 at 79 percent. African-­‐Americans occupied 25 percent of the positions in 2014 while whites held 71 percent. The league office has one Asian professional staff member. Since 2010 there have been no Latinos holding professional level staff positions in the WNBA League Office. Grade for WNBA League Office: Race: A+ (29 percent) Gender: A+ (79 percent) See Table 2. WNBA Team Operations and Management The Tulsa Shock, Connecticut Sun and Seattle Storm remain the only teams that do not share their markets with NBA teams. At this time the Indiana Fever, Minnesota Lynx, New York Liberty, Phoenix Mercury, San Antonio Silver Stars, and Washington Mystics are owned and operated by NBA teams. The NBA team front offices in those cities are responsible for many of the day-­‐to-­‐day operations for the WNBA teams. Each WNBA team employs dedicated coaches, trainers and public relations representatives and, like the League Office, “shares” most of its common non-­‐player personnel with the NBA team operator. Owners* The “owners” category includes majority owners, vice chairmen and minority owners listed by the team. There were six people of color in ownership during the 2014 season: • Earvin “Magic” Johnson, Los Angeles Sparks • Jahm Najafi, Phoenix Mercury • Sam Combs, Tulsa Shock • Rita Combs, Tulsa Shock • Sheila C. Johnson, Washington Mystics • Raul Fernandez, Washington Mystics Twelve women held ownership during the 2014 season: • Mary Brock, Atlanta Dream • Kelly Loeffler, Atlanta Dream 6 | P a g e •
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2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D Margaret Stender, Chicago Sky Lisa Brummel, Seattle Storm Ginny Gilder, Seattle Storm Dawn Trudeau, Seattle Storm Pat Chernicky, Tulsa Shock Rita Combs, Tulsa Shock Pat Hardin, Tulsa Shock Linda Price, Tulsa Shock Katie Schofield, Tulsa Shock Sheila C. Johnson, Washington Mystics In 2006, Sheila Johnson became the first African-­‐American woman to hold any ownership in a WNBA team. Ms. Johnson was named managing partner of the Washington Mystics when Lincoln Holdings, LLC acquired the team from Abe and Irene Pollin. Ms. Johnson owns approximately five percent of Lincoln Holdings. The Connecticut Sun is owned by the Mohegan Sun. See Table 3. *The methodology for collecting data for team ownership changed in the 2012 WNBA RGRC. Head Coaches During the 2014 season, there were four African-­‐American head coaches, one more than the 2013 season. The four African-­‐American head coaches at the beginning of the 2014 season were: • Michael Cooper, Atlanta Dream • Pokey Chatman, Chicago Sky • Penny Toler, Los Angles Sparks • Fred Williams, Tulsa Shock The African-­‐Americans holding these positions in the 2013 season were: • Pokey Chatman, Chicago Sky • Corey Gaines, Phoenix Mercury (left mid-­‐season) • Fred Williams, Atlanta Dream The league had six women who were head coaches in the 2014 season, an increase of one from the 2013 season. The six female head coaches in 2014 were: • Anne Donovan, Connecticut Sun • Pokey Chatman, Chicago Sky • Lin Dunn, Indiana Fever • Penny Toler, Los Angeles Sparks • Cheryl Reeve, Minnesota Lynx • Sandy Brondello, Phoenix Mercury All the women listed above except for Sandy Brondello were head coaches for the 2013 season. 7 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D WNBA Grade for Head Coaches: Race: A+ (33 percent) Gender: A+ (50 percent) See Table 4. Assistant Coaches The percentages for people of color holding assistant coaching positions at 52 percent and women at 68 percent were both at historic highs in 2014. In 2014, there was a 14 percentage point increase in African-­‐American assistant coaches from 38 percent to 52 percent. There have been no Latino or Asian assistant coaches since 2000. The percentage of white assistant coaches decreased 15 percentage points from 63 percent in 2013 to 48 percent in 2014. In 2014, the percentage of women assistant coaches increased by 1 percentage point from 67 percent in 2013. At 68 percent, women held the highest percentage of assistant coaching positions in the history of the WNBA, setting a new record for the third consecutive year. WNBA Grade for Assistant Coaches: Race: A+ (52 percent) Gender: A+ (68 percent) See Table 5. Top Management CEOs/Presidents The number of women in the top management role decreased from five women in CEO/President positions in 2013 to four in 2014. The women holding these positions at the start of the 2014 season were: • Angela Taylor, President and General Manager, Atlanta Dream • Kelly Krauskopf, President and General Manager, Indiana Fever • Karen Bryant, CEO and President, Seattle Storm • Sheila Johnson, President and Managing Partner, Washington Mystics The women holding these positions in the 2013 season were: • Ashley Preisignier, CEO Atlanta Dream • Kelly Krauskopf, President and General Manager, Indiana Fever • Amber Cox, President and acting General Manager, Phoenix Mercury • Karen Bryant, CEO and President, Seattle Storm • Sheila Johnson, President and Managing Partner, Washington Mystics 8 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D People of color in CEO/President positions remained at three in 2014. • Angela Taylor, President and General Manager, Atlanta Dream • Karen Bryant, CEO and President, Seattle Storm • Sheila Johnson, President and Managing Partner, Washington Mystics In January 2014, Karen Bryant announced that she would resign from her role as CEO and President for the Seattle Storm at the end of the season. The people of color holding these positions in the 2013 season were: • Vinnie Malcolm, President, Los Angeles Sparks • Karen Bryant, CEO and President, Seattle Storm • Sheila Johnson, President, Washington Mystics See Table 6. General Manager The percentage of general managers who were African-­‐American women at the start of the 2014 season decreased from 36 percent in 2013 to 30 percent in 2014. The African-­‐American women who were general managers in 2014 were: • Angela Taylor, Executive Vice President of Basketball Operations and General Manager, Atlanta Dream • Pokey Chatman, General Manager and Head Coach, Chicago Sky • Penny Toler, General Manager and Head Coach, Los Angeles Sparks The people of color who were holding General Manager positions in the 2013 season were: • Fred Williams, General Manager and Head Coach, Atlanta Dream • Pokey Chatman, General Manager and Head Coach, Chicago Sky • Penny Toler, General Manager, Los Angeles Sparks • Corey Gaines, General Manager and Head Coach, Phoenix Mercury (left mid-­‐season) The number of women who were general managers in 2014 remained the same at four. In addition to the three women mentioned above, Kelly Krauskopf (white) was the president and general manager of the Indian Fever. The women who were holding General Manager positions in the 2013 season were: • Pokey Chatman, General Manager and Head Coach, Chicago Sky • Kelley Krauskopf, General Manager, Indiana Fever • Penny Toler, General Manager, Los Angeles Sparks • Amber Cox, President and acting General Manager, Phoenix Mercury WNBA Grade for General Manager: Race: A+ (30 percent) Gender: A (40 percent) 9 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D See Table 7. Team Vice Presidents There were 22 women (23 percent) holding team vice president positions in 2014, which was a decrease of three percentage points since 2013. The female vice presidents were: • Angela Taylor, Executive Vice President and General Manager, Atlanta Dream • Michelle Henstock, Vice President, Operations, Chicago Sky • Julie Seyller, Vice President, Ticket Sales, Service and Marketing, Chicago Sky • Donna Wilkinson, Vice President, Human Resources, Indiana Fever • Julie Graue, Vice President of Business Operations, Indiana Fever • Penny Toler, Executive Vice President and General Manager, Los Angeles Sparks • Kristy Badger, Vice President, Marketing, Minnesota Lynx • Lisa Aulebach, Vice President, Account Planning, New York Liberty • Lisa Banbury, Vice President, Corporate Hospitality Services, New York Liberty • Kristin Bernert, Vice President, Marketing and Operations, New York Liberty • Dr. Lisa Callahan, Vice President, Chief Medical Office and Player Care, New York Liberty • Beth Collins, Senior Vice President, Business Development, New York Liberty • Stacey Escudero, Vice President, Communications, New York Liberty • Katherine Holland, Vice President, Account Planning, New York Liberty • Sandy Brondello, Vice President, Player Personnel, Phoenix Mercury • Ann Meyers Drysdale, Vice President, Phoenix Mercury • Carlissa Henry, Vice President, Sales and Operations, Phoenix Mercury • Karen Rausch, Vice President, Human Resources, Phoenix Mercury • Tammy Turner, Vice President, Human Resources and Corporate Administration, San Antonio Silver Stars • Lorie Warren, Vice President of Corporate Finance and Strategy, San Antonio Silver Stars • Shannon Burley, Vice President, Marketing, Seattle Storm • Tricia McLean, Vice President, Human Resources and Finance, Seattle Storm There were seven team vice presidents of color in the 2014 season, which was an increase from three in the 2013 season. The seven people of color were: • Angela Taylor, Executive Vice President and General Manager, Atlanta Dream • Quinn Buckner, Vice President, Communications, Indiana Fever • Clark Kellogg, Vice President, Player Relations, Indiana Fever • Penny Toler, Executive Vice President and General Manager, Los Angeles Sparks • Jamaal Lesane, Vice President, Legal and Business Affairs, Team and Sport Organizations, New York Liberty • Carlissa Henry, Vice President, Sales and Operations, Phoenix Mercury • Bobby Perez, Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Administration, San Antonio Stars WNBA Grade for Team Vice Presidents: Race: D+ (7 percent) Gender: D+ (23 percent) 10 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D See Table 8. Senior Team Administration This category includes but is not restricted to the following titles: directors, assistant general managers, chief legal counsel, chief operating officer, chief financial officer, public relations director and director of community relations. The percentage of whites and Latinos in senior team administrator increased from 2013 to 2014. Whites increased from 80 percent to 83 percent, while Latinos increased from two to four percent. African-­‐
Americans decreased from 13 percent to 12 percent while those classified as “other” decreased from four percent to zero percent. The percentage of women who were senior team administrators decreased substantially from 48 percent in 2013 to 37 percent in 2014. WNBA Grade for Senior Team Administration: Race: B+ (17 percent) Gender: A-­‐ (37 percent) See Table 9. Professional Team Administration Positions categorized as professional team administration include, but are not restricted to: professionals who hold titles similar to manager, coordinator, supervisor or administrator in business operations, marketing, promotions, publications and various other departments. The category excludes the traditional support staff positions such as secretaries, administrative assistants, staff assistants and receptionists. In professional team administrative positions in the 2014 season, whites showed an increase for the first time in two years, from 71 percent to 77 percent. African-­‐Americans decreased by six percentage points to 16 percent. Latinos increased slightly from four percent to five percent in 2014, while Asians remained the same from 2013 at two percent. The percentage of “other” decreased from two to one percent. The percentage of women holding professional team administrative positions decreased from 49 in 2013 percent to 42 percent in 2014. WNBA Grade for Professional Team Administration: Race: A-­‐ (23 percent) Gender: A+ (42 percent) See Table 10. 11 | P a g e 2 0 1 4 W N B A R G R C C O N T I N U E D Physicians In 2014, the percentage of white physicians increased from 60 percent to 86 percent. There were three physicians of color in 2014, which decreased from four in the 2013 report. The number of women physicians increased from two in 2013 to four in 2014. See Table 11. Head Trainers The percentage of white head trainers increased from 70 percent in 2013 to 77 percent in 2014, while the percentage of African-­‐Americans decreased from 20 percent to 15 percent. In 2014, there was one Asian head trainer, which was the same number recorded in the 2013 report. The percentage of women increased from 40 percent in 2013 to 54 percent in 2014. See Table 12. WNBA Diversity Initiatives Combined with the NBA, the WNBA has a variety of diversity initiatives impacting a number of areas including employee training and development, employee recruitment, vendor diversity and community relations, as outlined in Appendix II. WNBA Grade for Diversity Initiatives: A+