1
2
3
1
A car of mass 1000 kg is travelling at a speed of 40ms–1 along a race track. The
brakes are applied and the speed of the car decreases to 10ms–1.
How much kinetic energy is lost by the car?
A 15kJ
B 50kJ
C 450 kJ
D 750 kJ
E 800 kJ
2
A vehicle runs down a slope as shown.
The following results are obtained:
angle of slope,
θ = 15.0 ± 0.5°
length of card on top of vehicle,
d = 0.020 ± 0.001 m
time for card to pass light gate 1,
t1 = 0.40 ± 0.01 s
time for card to pass light gate 2,
t2 = 0.25 ± 0.01 s
time for vehicle to travel between the light gates,
t3 = 0.50 ± 0.01 s
Which quantity has the largest percentage uncertainty?
A
B
C
D
E
3
θ
d
t1
t2
t3
Two blocks are linked by a newton balance of negligible mass.
The blocks are placed on a level, frictionless surface. A force of 18∙0 N is applied
to the blocks as shown.
The reading on the newton balance is
A 7.2 N
B 9.0 N
C 10.8 N
D 18.0 N
E 40.0 N.
4
4
A cannon of mass 2∙0 × 103 kg fires a cannonball of mass 5.00 kg.
The cannonball leaves the cannon with a speed of 50∙0 m s−1.
The speed of the cannon immediately after firing is:
A
B
C
D
E
5
0.125 m s−1
8.00 m s−1
39.9 m s−1
40.1 m s−1
200 m s−1.
A box of weight 120 N is placed on a smooth horizontal surface.
A force of 20 N is applied to the box as shown.
The box is pulled a distance of 50 m along the surface.
The work done in pulling the box is:
A
B
C
D
E
7
500 J
866 J
1000 J
6000 J
6866 J.
A rocket of mass 200 kg accelerates vertically upwards from the surface of a
planet at 2·0 m s–2.
The gravitational field strength on the planet is 4·0 N kg–1.
What is the size of the force being exerted by the rocket’s engines?
A
B
C
D
E
400 N
800 N
1200 N
2000 N
2400 N
5
8
A galaxy is moving away from the Earth at a velocity of 1·20 × 107 m s-1.
Light of wavelength 450 nm is emitted from this galaxy.
When detected and measured on Earth this light has a wavelength of:
A
B
C
D
E
9
425 nm
432 nm
468 nm
475 nm
630 nm
A spacecraft travels at a constant speed of 0·70c relative to the Earth.
A clock on the spacecraft records a flight time of 3·0 hours.
A clock on Earth records this flight time to be:
A
B
C
D
E
1·6 hours
2·1 hours
4·2 hours
5·5 hours
5·9 hours
10 An astronomer observes the spectrum of light from a star. The spectrum
contains the emission lines for hydrogen.
The astronomer compares this spectrum with the spectrum from a hydrogen
lamp. The line which has a wavelength of 656 nm from the lamp is found to be
shifted to 663 nm in the spectrum from the star. The redshift of the light from this
star is
A
B
C
D
E
0∙011
0∙50
0∙99
2∙0
94.
[END OF SECTION 1. NOW ATTEMPT THE QUESTIONS IN SECTION 2 ON YOUR ANSWER PAPER]
6
SECTION 2 — 30 marks
Attempt ALL questions
11 A basketball player throws a ball with an initial velocity of 6.5ms–1 at an angle of
50° to the horizontal. The ball is 2.3m above the ground when released.
The ball travels a horizontal distance of 2.9m to reach the top of the basket.
The effects of air resistance can be ignored.
a) Calculate:
i) the horizontal component of the initial velocity of the ball;
ii) the vertical component of the initial velocity of the ball.
b) Show that the time taken for the ball to reach the basket is 0.69 s.
c) Calculate the height h of the top of the basket.
A student observing the player makes the following statement.
“The player should throw the ball with a higher speed at the same angle. The ball
would then land in the basket as before but it would take a shorter time to travel
the 2·9 metres.”
d) Explain why the student’s statement is incorrect.
1
1
2
3
3
(10)
12 (a) A gymnast of mass 40 kg is practising on a trampoline.
At maximum height the gymnast’s feet are 2·0m above the trampoline.
i) Show that the speed of the gymnast, as she lands on the trampoline, is
6·3ms-1.
ii) The gymnast rebounds with a speed of 5·7ms-1. Calculate the change in
momentum of the gymnast.
iii) The gymnast was in contact with the trampoline for 0·50 s. Calculate the
average force exerted by the trampoline on the gymnast.
7
2
3
3
(8)
13 A stationary spacecraft has a length of 26 m when measured on Earth.
a) During a test flight the spacecraft passes close to the Earth with a speed of
0·45c. A physicist monitors the test flight from Earth.
Calculate the length of the spacecraft as measured by the physicist on Earth.
b) The spacecraft emits flashes of light. An astronaut in the spacecraft measures
the time interval between these flashes. Is the time interval measured by the
physicist on Earth smaller than, the same as or greater than that measured by
the astronaut?
3
1
(4)
14 All stars emit radiation with a range of wavelengths. The peak wavelength of
radiation, λpeak, emitted from a star is related to the surface temperature, T, of the
star.
The table gives the surface temperatures, in kelvin, of four different stars and the
peak wavelength radiated from each star.
Surface temperature of star
T/K
Peak wavelength radiated
λpeak/m
6.7 x 10-7
4.8 x 10-7
3.45 x 10-7
2.22 x 10-7
4330
6040
8410
13060
Use all the data in the table to show that the relationship between the surface
temperature, T, of a star and the peak wavelength radiated, λpeak, from the star
is:
T
2.9 x103
 peak
a) The blue supergiant star Eta Carinae is one of the largest and most luminous
stars in our galaxy. It emits radiation with a peak wavelength of 76 nm.
Calculate the surface temperature, in kelvin, of this star.
b) Radiation of peak wavelength 1·06 mm can be detected on Earth coming
from all directions in space.
i) What name is given to this radiation?
ii) Give a reason why the existence of this radiation supports the Big Bang
Theory.
Total 30 + 10 = 40
8
3
3
1
1
(8)