Presenter Lesley Pearce
Auckland University
May 2011
Technology Scholarship Performance
Standard
• present a written reflective report based on their
experiences in developing a technological
outcome(s) along with a supporting portfolio. A
portfolio is an organised collection of evidence of a candidate
undertaking technological practice.
• Candidate's submissions including the report
should not exceed 60 A4 pages.
• It is suggested that the written reflective report
be no longer than 3000 words.
Report
• Report can be written or digitally presented
DVD, CD, on line website, digital diary)
• Graphic, audio, video, and/or digital media
may be included and should be used to
enhance or illustrate aspects of students'
experiences shown in the report.
Students technological practice
• Authentic issue for a real client
• Interact with a diverse range of stakeholders
(also practicing technologists from a range of
contexts)
• Explain, justify own practice to resolve issue
Solving complex problems
• Allows students to extend and challenge their
thinking
• Allows them to seek a broader range of
information to guide their own thinking and
enhance their practice
• From 2010 Scholarship report:
http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/qualificationsstandards/awards/scholarship/scholarship-subjects/scholarship-technology/
Successful scholarship students
demonstrated the following:
• Portfolio of work plus reflective report
• Authentic issue and context are explored
thoroughly
• Key and wider stakeholders identified and
interacted with
• Location is thoroughly analysed
• Their tech practice throughout is critical
analysed
• Brief and specifications continually tested to
justify tech outcome has potential to resolve
defined issue
• Critically reflected on the practices of others
and how this informed their development
• Clearly documented own tech practice eg:
– Functional modelling undertaken to test and trail
design ideas
– Reasons for conducting tests
– Implications of the testing on development of
ideas
• Credible and valid evidence:
– Photographs, explanations, findings from
testing/trialling design ideas, development of tech
outcome through tech modelling
• Tested prototype in situ that it was fit for
purpose, or if not gave reasons why it was not
and gave suggestions for improvements
• Reflective report gave a logical justification for
tech practice undertaken
Terms explained
A range of technological experiences
may include
• undertaking technological practice to develop
technological outcomes
• developing and critiquing case studies
• debating technological issues
• undertaking observations
• using technology
• generating new knowledge.
Complexities of a situation…
• In identifying and exploring the complexities of
a situation, students will identify, analyse and
integrate multiple variables, some of which
conflict. Variables include such things as:
• stakeholder issues
• organisation and management issues
• resource issues.
That of others
• With reference to that of others requires
students to inform their own practice by
analysing and critiquing the practice of other
technologists, including their peers, within a
range of contexts.
Scholarship thinking
Synthesis and integration and Critical
reflection
• Synthesis and integration refer to the ability to
bring together knowledge, skills, ideas and
methods from different sources to advance
one’s practice
• Critical reflection requires students to
undertake a comprehensive analysis that
evaluates information, understandings and
practices that affect the development of
technological outcomes.
• Putting new information together to make
predictions or solve problems
• Seamlessly bringing together parts / ideas to
form a coherent whole
Synthesise and Critically Analyse
1. demonstrate that they can synthesise and critically
analyse their technological experiences
2. explain the complexities of a situation(s) that has
been identified and explored in the development of
a technological outcome(s) through undertaking
technological practice
3. provide justifications for the technological practices
they used to develop a technological outcome(s), as
well as evidence of the technological outcome(s)
itself
In short…
• Synthesis and integration of knowledge, skills,
ideas and methods into their technological
practice.
• Justification of the technological practice
undertaken.
• Critical reflection of the information,
understandings and practices that affected the
development of their technological
outcome(s).
Behaviour words
Compose
Combine
Design
Perform
Write
Hypothesise
Infer
Predict
Plan
Reconstruct
Improve
Produce
Design
Modify
Formulate
Document
Propose
Arrange
Construct
Synthesise Questions
• How does the data support…?
• What predictions / generalisations can you
make based on the data?
• How would you investigate…?
• How would you improve…?
• What are possible solutions…?
• Make connections between…
Continued…
• Breaking material or concepts into parts
• Distinguish relevant from irrelevant
• Organise – determine how elements fit or
function within a structure
• Find coherence
• Use information to identify motives or causes
and to draw conclusions
Behaviour words
Categorise
Critique
Debate
Differentiate
Discuss
Distinguish
Identify
Compare &
contrast
Summarise
Deduce
Research
Outline
Structure
Integrate
Attribute
Distinguish
Analyse Questions
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How does…apply?
Why does…work?
How does…relate to…?
How would you group / classify?
How would you solve…?
List the parts of…?
What comparisons can you make between methods, results or
solutions…?
What / where are the contrasts in…?
What factors contribute to…?
Explain what / how…?
Interpret facts and ideas
Evaluate Questions
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Is there a better solution to...?
Judge the value of... What do you think about...?
Can you defend your position about...?
Do you think...is a good or bad thing?
How would you have handled...?
What changes to.. would you recommend?
Do you believe...? How would you feel if. ..?
How effective are. ..?
What are the consequences..?
What influence will....have on our lives?
What are the pros and cons of....?
Why is ....of value?
What are the alternatives?
Who will gain & who will loose?
(Pohl, Learning to Think, Thinking to Learn, p. 14)
Elegance
• Elegance refers to such attributes as:
ingenuity, simplicity, polish, and optimisation.
RAK
Originality
• Originality refers to attributes such as:
inventiveness,
innovation,
and unconventionality.
SCAMPER (Michael Pohl)
S = Substitute Who else instead? What else
instead? Can we substitute an ingredient,
another material, another process, other
power sources?
• Can we substitute – this in another place or
this approach with a different one?
• Can we turn it backwards, upside down, inside
out?
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C = Combine
• Can we combine different materials, units or
modules, uses or purposes, concepts or ideas?
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Can you design a…to…?
Can you see a possible solution to….?
What would happen if….?
How many ways can you…?
Can you develop a proposal which would…?
A = Adapt
• Can we adapt this to be like some other
object, idea, thing from the past? What could I
copy and use elsewhere?
• Who could I emulate?
M = Modify
• Change or exaggerate something – a new
twist, change colour, change sound, shape,
direction, smell, motion, different meaning.
P = Put to another use
• New or novel ways to use it as it is; what else
can it be used for if modified, what else can it
be adapted for if modified?
Magnify
• – what might be added or increased? – time,
height, value, frequency, length, extra
ingredients, strength, thickness
• Minify – what might be reduced or
subtracted? – make something smaller, lower,
split it up, streamline it, understate
something, miniature, leave something out
E = Eliminate
• What may be left out altogether; what parts
are not required; what quality can be
eliminated?
R = Reverse
• -reverse roles? Transpose positive and
negative? Can components be interchanged?
Is there another pattern, design, layout,
sequence? Can we change pace, schedule,
direction, viewpoint?
Assessment Schedule
3 distinct pieces of evidence is looked for
1.synthesis and integration of technological
experiences in bringing together knowledge
skills, ideas and methods to allow their
technological outcome(s) to be realised
2.how the complexities of the situation
3.Reflection on information gained from others
practice(s) to assist own understandings and
practice