SWINE INDUSTRY
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Changed greatly from the lard type hogs of the past to the lean type hogs
Types of swine operations:
 Feeder
–pig producers
 Market –hog producers
 Farrow to Finish producers
TERMS
Boar – A male pig not castrated that is used for breeding
purposes.
 Barrow – A male pig that is castrated that is entirely meant for
pork production.
 Sow – A female pig that has produced a litter of baby pigs.
 Gilt – A female pig that has not produced a litter of baby pigs
 Piglet- Baby Pig.
 Farrowing- Giving birth to piglets.
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SWINE INDUSTRY
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Purebred producers produce high-quality boars
 Improves
the genetic make-up of one breed of swine
 Purebred boars bred to crossbred sows increase hybrid vigor (ex.
muscling).
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Duroc, Hampshire and Yorkshire are the most popular U.S.
purebred breeds today
DUROC
Originated in the United States
 color is varying shades of red
 droopy ears
 good mothering ability
 efficient feed converters
 fast growth rate
 Prolificacy-producing offspring
 a meat-type hog
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HAMPSHIRE
Originated in England
 black hogs with a white belt that encircles the forepart of body,
starting behind head and neck
 erect ears
 foraging ability
 leanness of carcass
 muscling
 used as show animals or in crossbreeding programs
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YORKSHIRE
Originated in Yorkshire, England
 color is white, can have black freckles
 long bodies
 erect ears
 large litters
 good mothering ability
 good feed efficiency
 rapid growth
 used as bacon-type hogs or in crossbreeding programs
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BERKSHIRE
Originated in Berkshire & Wiltshire Counties in England
 color is black with 6 white points (feet, tail, snout)
 erect ears
 medium-sized hog
 lean carcass
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POLAND CHINA
Originated in Ohio
 color is black with six white points (feet, tail, & face
 drooping ears
 large breed
 produces carcasses with large loin eyes
 very little back fat
 commonly used in crossbreeding programs
 oldest breed of swine to have originated in the
United States and one of the most popular.
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SPOTTED POLAND CHINA
breed that is predominantly black with many white spots. Except for
its additional white coloring
 Origin-Ohio
 Ears-Droopy
 Color-no less than 20% or more than 80% White
 Misc.-Good mothers, fast gainers
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LANDRACE
Landrace are white in color.
 Their ears droop and slant forward with its top edges nearly
parallel to the bridge of a straight nose.
 Landrace, which are noted for their ability to farrow and raise
large litters, are the fifth most recorded breed of swine in the
United States.
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CHESTER WHITE
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The Chester White breed originated in Chester County, Pennsylvania and thereby
derived its breed name.
At first it was called the Chester County White, but later the "county" was dropped.
The strengths of the Chester White breed are: mothering ability, durability, and
soundness. Chester Whites have kept their popularity with thousands of pork
producers. Not only are they preferred by producers, but packers prefer animals with
white skin and proven to be superior in muscle quality.
Ears-Droopy
HEREFORD
Originated from the Poland China, Duroc and other breeds
 color is red with a white face
 droopy ears
 good mothering ability
 foraging ability
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