Constants
Symbol
Value
Boltzmann
k
1.38 x 10-23 J/K
8.62 x 10-5 eV/K
Charge on electron
e
1.6 x 10-19 C
Vacuum permittivity
o
8.85 x 10-14 F/cm
Thermal voltage at 300K
VT
25.9 mV
Si
GaAs
Ge
1.1 eV
1.4 eV
0.66 eV
1 x 1010 carriers-cm-3
2 x 106 carriers-cm-3
2.2 x 1013 carriers-cm-3
Electron mobility
1350 cm2/V-s
8500 cm2/V-s
3900 cm2/V-s
Hole mobility
500 cm2/V-s
400 cm2/V-s
1900 cm2/V-s
1.08 x 1031 cm-6K-3
1.27 x 1029 cm-6K-3
2.31 x 1030 cm-6K-3
1
2
1
Bandgap, Eg
Intrinsic Carrier Concentration ni
B
Ideality factor (nonideality factor
or emission coefficient), n
ni  B T
1/ 2
3/ 2
e
 Eg
2 kT
ni2  np
  1/ 
  qn n  qp p
R  L / A
 f  Vbi 
I D  I S (e
J Tdrift  J n
J Tdiff  J n
Dn
n

W 
Cj 
Dp
p
N N
kT
ln( A 2 D )
q
ni
qvD
nkT
drift
diff

 1)
 Jp
 Jp
drift
diff
 qn n E  qp p E  I drift / A
 qDn
dn
dp
 qD p
 I diff / A
dx
dx
kT
q
2 r  o N a  N d
Vbi  Va 
q
Na Nd
 r o A
W