Science Benchmark for Spring 2016
This is Benchmark for Biology. Please do not write on this packet
at all. There are 32 Questions; 30 multiple choice and two
written response questions. Please answer all of your questions
on the back of the scantron that is provided.
1. Besides fossil evidence, DNA sequences of populations
that are closely related provide evidence of changes in
species. Fossilized remains of ancient organisms are
considered by many scientists to be a strong source of
evidence that organisms evolve over time.
a. Oral histories of ancient people
b. Similarities in behavior in related peoples
c. DNA sequences of populations that are closely related
d. Similarities in the genetic mutation rates of closely
related species
2. Manitoba Snowhoe population of rabbits shows?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Winters are longer in length
The snowshoe rabbit has migrated to another area
The amount of snow cover varied over the years
More snowshoe rabbit predators have moved to Manitoba
3. There are several hypothesis as to why Earth’s climate
changed due to a meteor collision which led to the ice age.
As such, Dinasours could not adapt to the new
environment to avoid extinction. Other organisms such
as Mammals did change, but, did become extinct.
Scientists believe the reasons for this are:
a. An ice age froze all of the dinasours
b. They were killed when a large meteor hit Earth
c. They could not adapt to a new environment to avoid
extinction
d. Mammals out-competed the dinosaurs for food and living
space.
4. There were so many birds that it was easy to shoot and
trap them. Over-hunting was the main reason for the
extinction of some species. The passenger pigeon was
found in large numbers all across North America. The
last passenger pigeon became extinct years ago. Reasons
for this include:
a. Over-hunting
b. Changes in weather
c. Changes in food source
d. Migrating to different continents
5.
Energy increases or decreases as one gets closer to the top
of the food pyramid?
a. Increase
b. Decreases
c. Stays the same
d. No change in energy regardless of the position
6. A change in genetic code in an organism is called a:
a. mutation
b. mitosis
c. tumor
d. meiosis
7. What is deoxyribose?
a. An acid found in DNA
b. A sugar found in DNA
c. A pigment found in RNA
d. A nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA
8. Forest elephants in Africa have been confirmed as
different species from the Savanna and the other a forest
Elephant as an Asian.
a. Elephants occupy two different niches in Africa
b. One species of elephant appeared much later than the
other
c. The two elephant species have different physical
characteristics
d. DNA analysis reveals that the two elephants are
genetically different
9. A mutation in a man’s gametes would most likely result
in which outcome?
a. Shortening his life
b. Intellectual ability
c. A mutation in his offspring
d. A change in somatic cells
10. What % of the F1 generation would have small teeth?
a.
b.
c.
d.
0%
50%
25%
75%
11. When you eat a meal, food is digested and monomers
like glucose are transported throughout your body used
for cellular energy in the form of ATP. What systems are
responsible for this energy transformation?
a. muscular, digestive, respiratory
b. respiratory, circulatory, digestive
c. digestive, muscular, nervous, endocrine
d. integumentary, muscular, nervous, digestive
12. A section fo this DNA molecule that represents a
specific inherited trait is called a:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chromosome
Codon
Gene
Phenotype
B
b
B
BB
Bb
b
Bb
bb
13. Brown rabbits have the genotype BB or Bb. White
rabbits have the genotype bb. If two brown rabbits on
the Punnett square above have baby rabbits, what is the
probability that the baby rabbits will also be Brown?
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
14. According to scientists, the organisms in the picture all
evolved from a common ancestor. What evidence of this
exists?
a. These organisms are all of the same species
b. These organisms have very similar bone anatomy
c. The appendages of these organisms share similar
function
d. These organisms all lived in similar habitats and were
therefore under similar environmental pressures.
15. Information about traits is stored in the cell nucleus in
a molecule called:
a. DNA
b. ATP
c. cytoplasm
d. the nucleus
16. Automatic reponse of our skin in response to
infection.
a. antibiodies
b. antigens
c. inflammation
d. vaccinations
17. Some organisms such as the Lemur depend on the forest
for survival. Which of the following factors is the leading
cause for extinction.
a. Acid Rain
b. Deforestation
c. Global warming
d. The greenhouse effect
18. Wolves are very social animals, that rely on each other
for survival. In addition, they tend to place many forms of
order in their leadership similar to other mammals. Which
of the items below tend to show the best advantage for the
wolves to survive?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Camouflage
Large teeth
Great speed
Hunting in packs
19. Unlike most mites, termites can digest wood. The ability
comes from living protozoans with digestive enzymes that
reside in digestive tract of termites. In addition, which
allows for which of the following phenomenon to take
place?
a. commensalism
b. mutualism
c. socialism
d. parasitism
20. When DNA is copied, sometimes there are changes made
in the sequence that sometimes call for changes to be made
to correct any mistakes in the sequence(s). These
corrections are made at?
a. deletion
b. insertion
c. institution
d. substitution
21. What would be the most likely effect of deforestation
when trees are removed to the landscape?
a. Soil Erosion would decrease
b. Soil Erosion would increase
c. Soil Erosion would not be a factor
d. Not enough information given
22. Solar radiation travels through the earth's atmosphere
and warms the planet's surface. Greenhouse gases like
carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere reabsorb the heat
and warm the planet. The amounts of greenhouse gases have
been increasing over the past century, causing the earth's
surface temperature to increase. This gradual temperature
change is thought to have many negative environmental
consequences.
Which of these might be a POSITIVE effect of the increase in
carbon dioxide levels?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Decrease in plant Growth
Increase in plant Growth
No change in plant Growth
Rise in Sea Levels
23. What is the MOST LIKELY effect of deforestation that results
from urbanization of an area?
a. Soil Erosion would decrease
b. Soil Erosion would increase
c. Soil Erosion would not be a factor
d. Not enough information given
24. Unlike most mites, termites can digest wood. This ability
comes from protozoa that live in the a termite’s digestive tract.
These protozoa produce enzymes that digest wood, and they
receive shelter and additional nutrients from the termites. The
interaction between termite and protozoan is called
a. commensalism
b. parasitism
c. mutualism
d. socialism
25. Which is an automatic response provided by our skin when
subjected to an infectious agent?
a. inflammation
b. antibodies
c. antigens
d. vaccinations
26. A mutation in a man’s gametes would MOST LIKELY result in
which outcome?
a. shortening his life
b. intellectual diability
c. mutation in his offspring
d. change in somatic cells
27. Identify the BEST way to determine if two organisms are
closely related.
a. comparing body plans
b. molecular homology (comparing DNA)
c. identifying and comparing homologous structures
d. comperative embryology (embryological development)
28.
a. Each moth changed color to adapt to the changing
environment.
b. As the soot covered trees became more prevalent, lighter
colored moths stood out and were eaten.
c. As the environment changed, darker moths were less
likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on their genes.
d.The light colored peppered moths avoided predation
because they were better adapted among the soot colored
trees.
29. Which term best demonstrates when an organism is better
adapted to the environment that they live in and are more likely
to survive and reproduce?
a. natural variation
b. natural selection
c. speciation
d. living
30. An isolated African canyon community in which cheetahs and
leopards consume only impala and antelopes is being observed. If
the number of leopards increases, which change is MOST LIKELY
to be the first to occur after the leopard population increased?
a. The impala population will decrease.
b. The cheetah population will increase.
c. The cheetah population will decrease.
d. The impala population will remain the same.
#31 Brown Fur is Dominant to White Fur in Rabbits (fact). If a
Brown Colored Male Rabbit (Homozygous Dominant) mates with
a White Colored Female Rabbit (Homozygous Recessive) what
would be the expected outcome of this offspring?
Please design a Punnett Square to illustrate the outcome, and,
show the Genotype and Phenotype.
B
B
b
Bb
Bb
b
Bb
Bb
The Genotype Ratio is 100% Heterozygous.
The Phenotype is all Brown Rabbits.
#32 List and Describe the Nine Steps of the Scientific Method.
1. Problem
2. Hypothesis
3. Procedure
4. Experiment
5. Data/Results
6. Conclusion
7. Extended Research
8. Impact on Mankind
9. Similar Research in Progress.