Games People Play Preamble ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Terminologies ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Games ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 3.1 General .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 3.2 Life Games ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 3.3 Marital Games ................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 3.4 Party Games ................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.5 Sexual Games ............................................................................................................................................................................... 10 3.6 Underworld .................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 3.7 Consulting Room Games ................................................................................................................................................................. 13 3.8 Good Games ................................................................................................................................................................................. 14 4 Beyond Games ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 5 Autonomy from Games ........................................................................................................................................................................... 16 6 Attainment of Autonomy ......................................................................................................................................................................... 16 7 After Games, What? ............................................................................................................................................................................... 16 8 References ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 17 9 Author: [email protected] ............................................................................................................................................................ 17 10 Disclaimer ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 17 1 2 3 1 Preamble The best way to study this material is to study the original book ‘Games People Play’ by Eric Berne M.D first and then to read through this material to recap what reader has grasped. Glancing through this material can be a good motivation for reading the original book. The material might mislead, due to its very nature that it is an extract. I suggest reading the book in any case for complete understanding, as half-baking is more dangerous when we deal with ‘Games’. At places, where I have the least information, I have left them unexplained. Readers are advised to go through the book and other sources to get more information. An interesting observation is that many successful movies are based on a ‘game’ and many a time based on a single game. Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 1 of 17 2 Terminologies S. No 1. Terms Stroking Definition Recognition 2. Hungers Stimulus hunger Recognition hunger Structure hunger 3. Time Structuring Ways Rituals Pastimes Games Intimacy Activity 4. Ego states Parent position Child position Adult position Parent for limiting decisions Child for enjoyment Adult for survival There is nothing called ‘childish’ or ‘maturity/ immaturity’ in transactional analysis 5. Stimulus-Response 6. Results of transactions between ego states . Transactions Crossed transactions cause conflicts (‘Uproar’) Angular transactions, typical in Salesman – Middle Class Housewife transaction P-C and C-P The child looses (as it does not want to show that it can not afford). 7. Procedure Simple complementary adult transactions Data and experience adds value 8. Ritual Transactions enabled by external social forces Informal greetings to religious gatherings Careful intuitive computations Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 2 of 17 S. No 9. Terms Pastime Definition To structure an interval of time. Semi-ritualistic. 10. Different Pastimes In corners of Party rooms Sociological Man talk General Motors Who Won Middle-aged Balance sheet 11. Game Lady talk Grocery Kitchen Wardrobe Small talk How to Teens Making out Lonely people Do you know What became Middle class How much Ever been Young person Morning after Martini (I know a better way) Any person: Look ma no Hands Predictable outcome with a concealed motivation. Games are dishonest, where as pastimes/ rituals/ procedures are not. Not for fun. With a serious purpose. 12. Operation Transaction with stated purpose 13. Importance of Games Parents teach children about pastimes, rituals, and procedures. Children need to differentiate games and should not be allowed to play bad games. I don’t feel well – you must grant me privilege 14. Characteristics of Games Some games are flexible (words, money, parts of body in psychiatry, debtor and poly-surgery games respectively. Some games are persistent (tenacity) Some are hard games (intensity) 15. Three degrees of games First degree: socially acceptable Second degree: No permanent damage. It can be cured still. Game is hidden from public. Third degree: Needs intervention of a third person or jury or Psychotherapist Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 3 of 17 3 S. No. 1. 2. 3. Games Name of the Game Motive 3.1 General Insurance game Real estate Pajama Uproar Prospect Make a killing If it weren’t for you IWFY Marital type 4. There I go again 5. 3.2 Life Games Alcoholic Hard game. Difficult to give up. Rescuer plays ‘I’m only trying to help you’ ITHY Child does not want to show that it is afraid and blames the parent Actors Concept Antithesis Transactions Related Games Balance sheet pastime Child Parent Wife Husband Neighbors Reassurance: Its not that I’m afraid, its that he wont let me Allow the child to perform Instructioncompliance Instruction-protest ‘Why don’t you – Yes But’ YDYB Vindication: Its not that I’m not trying, its that he holds me back IWFY Alcoholic - husband Persecutor - wife Rescuer - doctor Connexion – Professional bartender Patsy/ Dummy – alcoholic’s mother How bad I’ve been; see, if you can stop me See, if you can catch me Focus on morning after than on drinking Persecutor needs to change the role to Rescuer (from ‘I’m a sinner’ to ‘What do you expect from a sick man’) Persecutor plays ‘Look what you’ve done to me’ Provocation – accusation/ forgiveness Indulgence – anger/ disappointment Martini (pastime)how many drinks and how they were mixed Morning After (pastime)-Let me tell you about my hangover Alcoholic offering ‘Have One’ Patsy plays ‘Good Joe’ ‘Dry Alcoholic’ Alcoholics play ‘Wooden Leg’ Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 4 of 17 S. No. 6. 7. Name of the Game Motive Actors Concept Debtor Put someone in debt for life. Debtor Society Encourage a debt Celebrate ‘buying’. ‘If it weren’t for debts’ Do not celebrate closure of debt. ‘Try and collect’ TAC Try and collect TAC Win either way Couple Collection Agency Regard someone as a problem, if he has closed all debts. Cheat Blame Give justification and Get Credit Antithesis Request immediate cash payment Transactions TAC NIGYSOB GJ Related Games ‘Now, I’ve got you, You son of a Bitch’ NIGYSOB ‘Good Joe’ 7.1 8. Try and Get Away With It Kick Me Promised sport. Serious sport (as money is involved) Get help from kindhearted Promptness and honesty Innocent Society Bearing a sign ‘Please don’t kick me’ ‘Try and Get Away With It’ ‘TAC’ ‘Why Does This always Happen To Me?’ WAHM ‘WAHM’ ‘ITHY’ ‘Threadbare’ – Women 9. Why Does This always Happen To Me WAHM -Destructive ‘Mother’s friend’ ‘Kick Me’ Victim (because of a Aggressor) Confidant ‘There I go again’ What did I do to really deserve this? -Constructive Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 5 of 17 S. No. 10. Name of the Game Motive Actors Concept Antithesis Transactions Related Games Now, I’ve got you, You son of a Bitch NIGYSOB Get somebody at your mercy Victim Aggressor Always wait for a chance to blame someone and blame with utmost severity Set rules right at the start with the player and adhere to it If there are disputes with the player, yield gracefully Provocation – Accusation Defense Accusation Defense – Punishment WAHM ‘See you have done wrong’ ‘Yes I was wrong’ 11. See/ Look What You made Me Do SWYMD: 1st Degree 11.1 SWYMD: 2nd Degree Self-destructive when used against seniors at work 11.2 SWYMD: 3rd Degree 12. 3.3 Marital Games Corner May lead to asthma, if children are cornered, as there would be breathing difficulty if they do not know the anti-thesis Author: Azhagarasan Stay away from me (Becomes Hereditary) Delegate a responsibility to blame later, when things go wrong If player encourages something, it means that there is a trap. Actor Intruder Actor Victim Any intrusion is considered an opportunity to drive people away Enjoy things when it goes right. Blame the volunteer when it goes wrong External psychological gain – Avoid ultimate end result, by cheating/ cornering the partner Throw decisions back. Avoid taking responsibility. If taking responsibility, end it with SWYMD to blame the actor (3rd Degree) Should be handled by professional psychotherapist Ends fatal, while it may seem like ITHY initially Corner partner to ones advantage Take calculated risk with the player Leave him alone Husband Wife Move smooth, Find a fault/ proactively lead to a faulty situation and find a fault, leave angrily Shift from child to adult role. So that the subsequent leads to ultimate end result are abruptly terminated Don’t take his/ her annoyance seriously Appreciate his hard work/ coax her Smile and act as if nothing happened. Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 ‘Ain’t it awful’ is totally different ‘You got me into this’ (UGMIT) ITHY Offer Responsibility UGMIT Kick Me WAHM TIGA ‘UGMIT’ ‘See what you’ve done now’ ‘ITHY’ ‘WAHM’ ‘There I go again’ ‘Kick Me’ Transactions generally to avoid sex, end-of-day (after a movie) ‘Double-bind’ in children – Dilemma type of corner ‘Lunch Bag’ ‘Threadbare’ Page 6 of 17 S. No. 13. Name of the Game Motive Actors Concept Courtroom Reassurance Plaintiff - husband Defendant - wife Judge/ Jury – therapist They’ve got to say I’m right Antithesis One Kid Other Kid Mommy 14. Furthermore You need to say that I’m right Parent Child 15. Frigid Woman 1.Freedom from guilt of sadistic fantasies 2. Avoids feared exhibition and penetration 3. Uproar 4. Blame husband in the society 5. Inhibited sex play 6. I’m pure Wife Husband Dangerous Game Flow arguments one after the other continuously till the parent fails Repulsive Wife (especially on having sex) Transactions Related Games 1. Complaint – Defense filed 2. Plaintiff files good-will gesture 3. Instruction to Jury 4. Final decision ‘Wooden Leg’ ‘Debtor’ ‘Sweetheart’ ‘Furthermore’ ‘Uproar’ ‘Uproar’ Do not attempt to give explanations. Antithesis is dangerous. Seduction – Response ‘Frigid Man’ – Less common Intensive individual psychotherapy. Rejection – Resignation ‘Uproar’ – Crucial point in Frigid Woman and Climax Going for an affair may make her realize the game but would be too late. Otherwise the affair can give her an edge to play NIGYSOB. Provocation – Response ‘Beat Me daddy’ – Similar Rejection – Uproar ‘NIGYSOB’ Decline ‘Uproar’ 16. Beat Me daddy 17. Harried Uproar Beat Me Daddy Escape from responsibility Housewife Assume multiple roles and collapse without getting anything done Must refuse to play two or more roles simultaneously May lead to ‘Psychiatry’ ‘State Hospital’ ‘YDYB’ ‘If It weren’t for Him’ Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 7 of 17 S. No. 18. Name of the Game 19. Look How Hard I’ve Tried Motive Actors State Hospital They can’t push me around. Vindicate thyself. Attain a blameless position Stand fast Persecutor Authority Admiration Actor Wife/ Society 19.2 ‘Look How Hard I’m Trying’ – 2nd Degree Admiration than never before Actor Wife/ Society 20. Sweetheart Admiration after loss of oneself (actor). Make everyone stumped at an irrecoverable loss. Force someone to accept by being polite and lovely in public Antithesis Transactions Related Games Identify the player and break the game so that the game player seeks therapy genuinely Suggestion – Resistance ‘Psychiatry’ ‘Courtroom’ Pressure – Compliance ‘Look How Hard I Was Trying’ Approval - Failure ‘Look How Hard I’m Trying’ – 1st Degree Look How Hard I Was Trying – 3rd Degree Last thing I want is to be sent to a hospital Limited try and make sure it does not succeed, thence make it fail. Go free. Husband Wife 19.1 19.3 Concept Wife feels trapped than won over Actor Wife Husband Wife In spite of difficulty, work (for family). Keep people aware. In spite of difficulty, work (for family). People are made aware, but not by the actor. Sudden surfacing of truth that how hard one was trying for someone Accept it. Yes. Isn’t it right sweetheart? Yes, Honey! Or You have a dirty face too, dear. Careful psychiatric review of the situation and child (Child is using the game as weapon.) Antithesis cannot be applied to the actor. LHHIT Yes ‘Look How Hard I’m Trying’ Better than ‘wooden Leg’ If this happens twice to the same woman, than the woman needs to find out what she has been playing. ‘Schlemiel’ Unspoken ‘Sweetheart’ (You can tell derogatory anecdotes about me. But don’t call me ‘sweetheart’) 21. If it weren’t for you IWFY Author: Azhagarasan Refer to General section Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 8 of 17 S. No. 22. Name of the Game Motive Actors Concept Antithesis Transactions Related Games 3.4 Party Games Big Daddy Little Old Me Schlemiel and his victim 23. Ain’t it awful 24.1 Ain’t It Awful Nowadays (Parental pastime) Ain’t It Awful Broken Skin 24.2 24.3 24.4 24. Adult variation Ain’t It Awful Child Pastimes Water Cooler Coffee Break Political form Bar Stool Ain’t It Awful Poly-surgery Poly-surgery addicts would play game and get the surgery done. Blemish Seek injustice to complain about it to third party I know everything. Aggressor Victim Confidant Middle-aged women Misery loves company I know a better one. More horrifying the better. Anyone Listeners Flow of blood. Different from idle gossip ‘Its no Wonder’ What a pity. ‘Look what they’re doing to us now’ Earn a living by deliberately incurring disabilities Gain comfort after finding a blemish (in a person). Avoid exposure of one’s own blemishes Author: Azhagarasan Everything is bad nowadays Actor (Doctor) Society Doctor-Shoppers Demand sympathy and indemnification Gain negative reassurance ‘What’s he trying to prove’ ‘Can’t hold his erection’ ‘Not 100% of a category’ Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Child: I am no good Parent: They are no good ‘Last year’s hat’ ‘Hasn’t got $$$s in the bank’ ‘Hasn’t read something (a book/ report)’ Page 9 of 17 S. No. 25. 26. Name of the Game Motive Actors Concept Antithesis Transactions Related Games Schlemiel Exploiting opportunity Actor Victim (Host) You need to forgive me for things I do that appear accidental Helpless person – inadequate but intelligent child Idea is not to get suggestions, but to reject them Provocation – Resentment Apology – forgiveness P: I can make you grateful for my help ‘Sweetheart’ Avoid quietness/ lull You can be as destructive as you want. But do not say ‘I’m Sorry’ Do not play ITHY Advisers (Any number) – sage parents No suggestion is ever accepted I can be destructive, still I can get forgiveness Why Don’t You – Yes But (YDYB) May seem like adult conversation Avoid exposing child when the adult is not busy Inverse of ITHY ITHY – One therapist; Multiple clients YDYB – One Client; Multiple therapists Hiding fear of unstructured time Husband Wife Resembles ‘Peasant’. But peasant accepts suggestions. But turns down the suggestions later. Harmless game 27. 3.5 Sexual Games Lets you and Him Fight LYAHF Feminine psychology LYAHF A maneuver - Romantic Author: Azhagarasan Accept it, if there was a statement from child. Hypnotic injection and then treatment Start another game Enjoy watching a fight between men Basis for many world’s literature 31.1 Ask for answers from the child, if there was a question. Woman Men fighting for women ‘Stupid’ Drinker to rescuer in ‘Alcoholic’ ‘ITHY’ C: Go ahead and try Problem – Solution Objection – Solution Objection Disconcertion ‘What Do You Do If …’ ‘Why Do You – No But’ YDNB ‘Rapo’ Second degree hard form of ‘Do Me Something’ A maneuver or a ritual or a game Fighting is induced by woman Live happily with the winner Challenge two men into fighting, with a promise that she surrenders to the winner. She is honest and honors the promise. Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 10 of 17 S. No. 31.2 Name of the Game Motive LYAHF Actors Concept Society Men (for a woman) Custom demands that two men fight for her. Antithesis 31.3 LYAHF A game - Comic 28. Perversion Honest competition is for suckers! Women Men (The Man) Derive satisfaction from humiliating foreplay Confused Child Related Games ‘Lets Pull A Fast One On Joey’ – If the woman is disappointed of the outcome FOOJY A ritual – Tragic Woman has already made a choice and does not want a fight Woman sets up the competition and while the two men are fighting, she decamps with a third one. Obsession Fetish Sadism Masochism Transactions Extend courtesy to self and spouse. ‘Wooden Leg’ ‘Homosexuality’ ‘Cops and robbers’ C&B ‘WAHM; always to US’ ‘It’s the Society We Live In’ ‘All Great Men were…’ 30. 31. ‘It’s the Society We Live In’ ‘All Great Men were…’ Rapo 35.1 Rapo – 1st Degree 35.2 Rapo – 2nd Degree 29. Man Woman Derive happiness by accepting flirtation Derive happiness by rejecting flirtation Mild flirtation Accept and stop the game Prolong and then stop Politely called ‘Kiss Off’ Politely called ‘Indignation’ Righteous Anger ‘Buzz off, Buster’ Man may play ‘Kick Me’ Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 11 of 17 S. No. 35.3 Name of the Game Motive Actors Concept Antithesis Transactions Related Games Rapo – 3rd Degree Seductress &Wolf Woman & Man Distinguish genuine expressions of love from the game transactions Seduction – Counter Seduction Surrender – Victory Confrontation Collapse NIGYSOB Typically ends in murder/ suicide/ courtroom She makes compromising physical contact and offends that irreparable damage is done ProvocationResponse Illegitimate cry of rape or Homicide/ suicide In children ‘Frigid woman’ Uproar Retire ‘Frigid Woman’ ‘Frigid Man’ ‘Courtroom’ Or Woman Man Her Husband (Blackmail) 32. The Stroking Game 33. Self-destructive Uproar Seek sexual attention Attention from men in a women-men group Domineering fathers and Teenage daughters Husband-Wife Brothers-sisters 34. 3.6 Underworld Cops and robbers C&B Derive happiness by getting caught Cops (or Judge) Robber Hide and seek OR Kleptomaniacs 35. How Do You Get Out Of Here Structuring Time Good Behavior – parent, child and adult work together and get freedom Women will initiate counter-moves and stop the game Mother can make antithetical move ‘Badger Game’ Male versions: ‘Casting Couch’ ‘Cuddle Up' ‘Rapo’ Hand over the issue to relatives (as jury) Retire and slam the door OR Expel the daughter No effective tools Defiance – Indignation Concealment – Frustration Provocation – Victory (of cop) Note that police & court are playing their roles and are not antithetical Play ‘You Have Got To Listen’ to the Child in ‘Want Out’ Outsiders play ‘LYAHF’ ‘Alcoholic’ ‘Auditors and Robbers’ ‘Customs and Robbers (smugglers)’ ‘You Have Got To Listen’ “Bum Rap” Want Out – Child spoils the work at the climax Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 12 of 17 S. No. 36. Name of the Game Motive Concept Antithesis Transactions Related Games Initiator – who blames Joey Actor - looser Joey – Jerk, but the winner Lets Pull A Fast One On Joey – FOOJY ‘LYAHF’ 3.7 37. 38. Consulting Room Games Green House Actors I’m only trying to help you ITHY Player takes things seriously. No sense of humor 39. Exaggerate something as a ‘genuine feeling’ to get regarded with awe. Help honestly with the intention to get credit (but always unsuccessful) Indigence (Not a honest one) Peasant Author: Azhagarasan Helper Client Supplier Receiver Need 40. Player Receiver Praise and exploit someone to get what you want Can this be accepted as a ‘Genuine Feeling’ (to be showcased for National feelings Show!) See how adequate I am. I will make you feel inadequate ITHY LWYMMD WAHM I’ll try to help you (provided you don’t get better) I’ll try to get better (provided I don’t have to get better) Two forms: 1. Gee, You’re Wonderful GYWP 2. You’re Uncommonly Perceptive YUP ‘Psychiatry’ Don’t tell me what to do. Don’t help me, help him. Request Instruction – Offer Instruction Procedure bungled – Reproof Demonstration that procedures are faulty – Implicit apology ‘WAHM’ ‘SWYMD’ ‘Schlemial’ ‘ITHY’ If innocent, automatically cured when the adult takes over ‘Little Old Me’ 2nd degree ‘Rapo’ Take countermeasures Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 13 of 17 S. No. 41. 42. Name of the Game Motive Actors Concept Antithesis Psychiatry To be a better player Actor Therapists (Amateur psychotherapists) I’m coming to be cured You’ll never cure me. But you’ll teach me to be a stronger psycho Differentiate between procedure and game Stupid I am cute and harmless. I am seriously stupid. 43. 44. Wooden Leg 3.8 Good Games Busman’s Holiday (More a pastime, if honest) 45. Cavalier Casual As I am stupid, I can take lesser responsibilities; My mistakes can be forgiven Plea of Insanity Insane (supposedly) Good Parent: Accept the plea Harsh Parent: Reject the plea Therapist Related Games ‘ITHY’ ‘Archaeology’ ‘Tell me this’ – Twenty Questions Don’t play ‘stupid’. Don’t laugh at stupidity. ‘YDYB’ ‘Schlemiel’ – aggressive version (and asks for apology) No use telling him that he is NOT stupid. ‘ITHY’ What do you expect of someone who has a wooden leg? (Expect him to turn his wheels only) Adult Therapist: Don’t accept/reject. Plea is valid; But do you need to plea/ play. Mutual Admiration Admire the art Woman has to sophistically handle it. Do not take it as seduction. ‘YDYB’ ‘ITHY’ ‘Indigence’ ‘Rickshaw’ Paid Holiday Keep work as secondary and accomplish something else Art of admiration without crossing boundaries Poet Appreciative Subject Man Woman (Blarney) Brutal antithesis – ‘Buzz off, Buster’ Author: Azhagarasan Transactions Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 See How good I can make you feel. You make me feel good ‘Gee You’re Wonderful, Professor’ GYWM/ GYWP See what phrases I Can create. You’re creative 2nd Degree Rapo 1st degree of Rapo – if woman is stupid Page 14 of 17 S. No. 46. 47. Name of the Game Motive Actors Concept Happy to Help Help with underlying purpose Helper Get credit sooner or later for what I’ve done Learn everything to be a sage Learner becomes helper Society Everyone comes to a retired sage, who can help Success is secondary Constructive Commercial Game Homely Sage 48. They’ll Be Glad They Knew Me 49. I’ll show Them 4 Gain prestige, make people proud of you Gain prestige, make people repent for not treating him better Antithesis Transactions Related Games Help Get something in return ‘I’ll show Them (who I am)’ – Destructive form Success is secondary. People should envy and die of such feeling Beyond Games Games are passed from generation to generation Grand children are the mostly affected ones ‘Raising Children’ is primarily a matter of teaching them what games to play Games are treated good or bad, depending on the society where we live in Games are sandwiched between pastimes and intimacy o Pastimes get bored with repetition o Intimacy can be abused o ‘Child’ is afraid of people abusing Intimacy/ Privacy, hence it plays games Disturbed people play hard games Sulks and Jerks o Angry vs. Stupidity o Child vs. Parental attributes o Both the angry and jerk elements are to be kept minimal o (Jerk for men and Prig for woman) Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 15 of 17 5 Autonomy from Games o 6 Recovery of following three capabilities Awareness Aware of what is present and at the moment Awareness is lost, when a child focuses on learning Learning is important for the survival Awareness is recovery of one’s ability to see things, without applying what he has learnt Don’t be a jerk or a sulk or pastime player. o Jerk reaches late and plans to play ‘ Look How Hard I’ve Tried’. Honestly he has tried. o Sulk reaches late and works on excuses and plays ‘Look What They Made Me Do’ o Jerk is ‘dead’ o Sulk is ‘half-alive’ o Pastime player ‘alive to an extent’ o Player with awareness is ‘alive’ Spontaneity Freedom to choose and express feelings, irrespective of parent or child or adult Liberation from compulsion to play games Intimacy Natural uncorrupted child The child is aware and spontaneous Does not have parental influences (Infants are the most loving ones) Attainment of Autonomy o o 7 We influence children that causes them to lose mainly ‘Intimacy’ and Spontaneity & Awareness Children make reversible decisions by adapting to selective teachings from parent (The selection should be correct) After Games, What? Human life is filling of time until the arrival of death, with a very little choice For the people who know about games o They can classify the behavior – Awareness o Rise above the programming in the past – Spontaneity o Know that something that is more rewarding than games – Intimacy For the ones who do not know, it is frightening, as they are unprepared The society at large does not face changes in the way the games are played, as games descend through generations. The society does not see many variants of the games played in the past. But the learning can make you a better individual in the society Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 16 of 17 8 References The Book ‘Games People Play’ by Eric Berne M.D 9 Author: [email protected] Date written: 18th Feb 2003 10 Disclaimer This material is not and can never be a substitute for the learning that one would gain from the original book ‘Games People Play’. But it would be a good supporting material. This material is intended to help the readers in reviewing their understanding of games with the cross references presented and to help readers in relating or comparing the games. Though most of the material’s contents are exact reproduction from the original book, author of this material has rephrased some definitions to give a different perspective. If any of the content is not correct as per research findings or any other sources of information, then the information from other sources overrides the information presented here. This material is not intended to violate any copyrights of the original book. If it is found against the law, please report to the email id mentioned, along with the appropriate action to be taken. As long as the author is convinced that the action can be taken, author would try his best to honor the same. Reproduction of this material, if found illegal due to the nature that the material itself is a reproduced one or otherwise; author claims no responsibility for the consequences. Author: Azhagarasan Date Created: 18th Feb 2003 Page 17 of 17
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