Visit to Slovenija
5-9.9.2016
5.9.2016
a. Slovenian forestry institute (presentation of political frame, Advisory system
for forest owners, Support system (subsidiaries) for forest owners)
b. Visiting biomass center and CHP
c. After lunch driving to Bohinj – forest operations in small scale forest estate
d. Hotel in Kranjska gora
Ministry for economy
development and technology
Ministry of Agriculture,
Forestry and Food
Wood Industry
Directorate
Ministry for Environment
and Spatial Planning
Directorate for
Forestry, Hunting and
Fisheries
Rural development
program
Inspectorate
Slovenian forestry
institute
Private forest
companies
Association of Machine
rings
Directorate for environment
The Institute of the
Republic of Slovenia for
Nature Conservation
Slovenian forest
service
Slovenski državni gozdovi –
public company
Chamber of agriculture
and forestry
Biotechnical faculty –
Depart. For forestry
Forest owners
associationc
Secondary School for
Forestry and Wood
Processing
Forest ownership
More that 70 % of forest is owned by forest owners – we still don’t know them?!
Only bigger forest owners can be market plyers – what is big forest owner – with more than 5 ha?
The fact is: we exploit less than 30 % of biomass potential from private forests
0
It is estimated that more than 1/3
of all households have forest in
Sloveni, but only 30 % of them
have more tha 5 ha of forest.
20000
40000
več kot 0 do pod 1 ha
80000
100000
99448
1 ha do pod 2 ha
33680
2 ha do pod 3 ha
18691
3 ha do pod 5 ha
20514
5 ha do pod 10 ha
20868
10 ha do pod 15 ha
7101
15 ha do pod 20 ha
3236
20 ha do pod 30 ha
2673
30 ha do pod 50 ha
60000
1446
50 ha do pod 100
553
100 ha do pod 200 ha
138
200 ha ali več
100
120000
Biomass production and use in Slovenia
Wood logs are used in households
Wood chips – fast development sector in last 10 years
Wood pellets – new market, production mainly for export, large import
Production of wood fuels is increasing faster than demond = export
Use of wood biomass – energy sector
Use of wood biomass
in different sectors in
Slovenia
1,800.000
1,600.000
1000 t
1,400.000
1,200.000
Power plants
1,000.000
CHP
Heat plants
800.000
Intustry
600.000
Households
400.000
200.000
0.000
2004 2005 2006 2007
Source of data: (SORS, SFI)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Wood fuel market
Wood chips production
http://www.gozdis.si/raziskovalna-dejavnost/proizvajalci-lesnih-goriv/
Yearly production around 1.500.000 lm3
More than 140 producers
Increase in production for 85 %
(comparing y. 2007)
27 % of wood chips are exported
Pellet production
http://www.gozdis.si/raziskovalna-dejavnost/proizvajalci-lesnih-goriv/
• 6 producers in 2011
• More than 20 producers in 2016 – production
is more than 110.000 t
Wood fuel prices
6.9.2016
a.
b.
c.
d.
Driving to Vršič (1611 m a.s.l.)
Triglav national park – forest management in the park
Driving trough Soča valley – forest operations in mountain areas
Driving to Nova Gorica
Technologies
Wood
mobilization
The most common technologies
Machine
Chainsaw (4kW)
Forestry tractor
Costs of
production chain
Total cost
(€/h)
4,0
41,2
Direct
material
costs
(€/m3)
2,1
13,2
45,2
15,3
Predicted
efficiency
(m3/8h)
15,0
25,0
Other cost effective solutions
Using modern machinery
Machine
Harvester
Forwarder
Costs of
production
chain
Total cost
(€/h)
116 €
88,5 €
204,5 €
Intensity of cutting
Direct
material costs
(€/m3)
Predicted
efficiency
(m3/8h)
13,1
11,7
70,0
60,0
Looking for new solutions and products
Use of forest residues (PROFORBIOMED – wp4/PA 1.3)
Technologies in mountain area
Wood Chain Manager:
Machine
Chainsaw (4kW)
Forestry tractor
Forestry transport
composition
http://wcm.gozdis.si/
Chainsaw (6kW)
Standard tractor
Splitter (30t)
Standard tractor
Circular saw
Standing tree
Costs of production
chain
Cut tree
Roundwood
Roundwood
assortments
Wood chips
Forest stand
Skid trail
Skid road
Forest road
End user
Total cost (€/h)
4,0
41,2
Direct material
costs
(€/m3)
2,1
13,2
Predicted
efficiency
(m3/8h)
15,0
25,0
Comment
Felling
Skidding
101,9
11,6
70,0
Roundwood transport
5,7
25,8
13,0
25,8
7,5
1,5
12,9
6,5
12,9
2,5
30,0
16,0
16,0
16,0
24,0
Cutting to 1m
Logs (1m)
Logs (1m)
Firewood (33 cm)
Firewood (33 cm)
224,9
63,2
7.9.2016
a.
b.
c.
d.
Afforestation of Karst – more than 100 years of tradition
Forest fires
Karst cave – Vilenica
Driving to Adriatic coast
Afforestation of Karst
More than 100 years
Today – a number of small forest owners, natural overgrowing of agricultural land, low quality wood, different functions of
forests, forest fires
Forest fires prevention
8.9.2016
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Driving to high Karst area
Postojna – forestry training school
Lesonit - wood panel company
Mašun - Long tradition of forest management
Visiting Cerknica lake (the largest sinking lake) – nature conservation
Production of wood assortments
Struktura proizvodnje GLS (v neto m3)
4.000.000
3.500.000
3.000.000
2.500.000
m3 2.000.000
1.500.000
1.000.000
500.000
0
Hlodi
Only official cut is taken in cosideration
Source of data: SORS, SFS, SFI,
Les za cel. in plošče ter DOKL
Les za kurjavo
Import/Export
9.9.2016
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ljubljana – project meeting
Presentation of Faculty and Chamber of agriculture and forestry
Biomass laboratory
Forest management in urban forests
Analysis of wood fuels quality at Slovenian forestry
institute
New wood biomass laboratory
We performed 4 larger market analysis in last 3 years
All together we have more than 200 analysis of wood pellets in our data set
The biggest problem are mechanical durability and ash content
We are in the process of registration od trade mark S4Q
Good practice examples
Slovenian forestry institute
•Forestry institute – in Ljubljana
Before:
• 40.000 - 50.000 L of heating oil
= 42.500 €
Now:
from 470 to 500 loose m3 of wood chips
• =13.000 €
Difference more than 25.000 €/year
Investment was 160.000 €
Pay-beck time is 8 years, we save 110 t of CO2 per year and we created 1 new job
Monitoring of our heating system
Water content %
50.0
Average energy produced
40.0
MWh/loose m3
30.0
1.00
20.0
0.80
10.0
0.60
0.0
I-KS 2010/2011
0.40
0.20
II-KS
2011/2012
III-KS
2012/2013
Average energy produced
0.00
II-KS 2011/2012
III-KS 2012/2013
1.00
MWh/loose m3
I-KS 2010/2011
0.50
0.00
I-KS 2010/2011 II-KS 2011/2012 III-KS 2012/2013
28
Monitoring of our heating system
29