Current and Future
Directions in Spectrum
Sharing
Martin Weiss
University of Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh PA USA
[email protected]
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Overview
 Current actions in the US
 Underlying factors
 Conclusions & research frontier
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Overview
 Recent developments in spectrum bands (covered in more detail by Doug
Sicker)
 TV White Spaces
 CBRS in the 3.5 GHz band
 5.8 GHz
 Satellite C-Band downlinks
 Other sharing
 Model city (from PCAST)
 Philadelphia spatial measurement project
 More generally
 CSMAC process
 “Bi-directional” sharing
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Underlying questions
 How do we build “social capital” in the spectrum sharing ecosystem?
 What is the “low hanging fruit” of the spectrum sharing ecosystem that we
can focus on?
 What are we building the ecosystem for?
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What do we mean by the “spectrum
sharing ecosystem”?
 Constituents
 Institutions
 Regulators
 Resource definition
 Incumbents
 Resource governance
 Entrants
 Enforcement
 Spectrum Managers/Database
operators
 NGOs
 Governments
 Military
 Broadcasters
 Technologies
 Software/Cognitive radios
 Spectrum Access Systems
 Environmental Sensing
 Enforcement
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Institutions
 Resource definition
 Spectrum allocation and assignment methods
 Framework for negotiating the terms of sharing
 Resource governance
 Nested hierarchy?
 Collective action rights
 Enforcement
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What is “social capital” and how do
we build it?
 Social capital
 The foundation on which we interact with each other
 Reduces “transaction costs”
 Building social capital
 Experience and history
 Clear rights and rules
 Predictable outcomes from dispute adjudication
 A note on rights enforcement
 Involves potentially all stakeholders
 Goes beyond usage rights (i.e., interference) and includes collective action
rights
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Enforcing collective action
rights
 Including governance
mechanisms enables
CPR governance
 Accountability
 Locally devised rules
 Nested governance
 Enforcement
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What is the “Low Hanging” fruit?
 What I learned from 15 years of DSA research
 We (the community) were seduced by the challenging technical problem of
distributed “non-cooperative” cognitive radio systems
 Bypassed the “cooperative” approaches – until TV White Spaces
 How does this apply?
 Address the “easy” problems first
 Address the “most likely to occur” problems first
 Address problems that have a greater impact on building social capital first
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“Low hanging fruit” examples
 Enforcement infrastructure for “routine” events
 Fixed sensor network (sensing as a service) for environmental sensing
 Use “citizen science” framework to build data about spectrum environment
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Purpose of the sharing infrastructure
 Lessons from unlicensed services
 Platform for innovative new service
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Toward a research agenda
 Numerous meetings have taken place
 Research future meeting at DySPAN 2015
 US National Science Foundation (NSF)
 Enhance Access to Radio Spectrum (EARS) Report
(http://www.nsf.gov/mps/ast/2015_ears_workshop_final_report.pdf)
 Spectrum Measurement workshop (http://www.cs.albany.edu/~mariya/nsf_smsmw/)
 Wireless System Research and Development (WSRD) workshops
(https://www.nitrd.gov/nitrdgroups/index.php?title=Wireless_Spectrum_Research
_and_Development)
 Perhaps others elsewhere in the world
 What are the “tall poles in the tent”?
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Example: Grand Challenges
from the NSF EARS workshop
 Achieving harmonious coexistence in
heterogeneous wireless networks and
systems
 Development of automated
enforcement mechanisms and
compliance certification methods
 Evolving spectrum sharing architectures
for future wireless applications and usage
scenarios
 Exploration of emerging technologies as
a vehicle for bold new approaches,
including academic-industrial-regulatory
interaction
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Discussion?