Study Guide……End of Year EXAM
1. What is a type of an organism that converts solar energy to chemical energy?
2. An example of a symbiotic relationship is found between the clown fish and the sea anemone. The
sea anemone provides protection for the fish and the fish provides food for the sea anemone. What
category best describes this relationship?
3. How do the characteristics of taigas compare to the characteristics of deciduous forests?
4. In an ecosystem, water is constantly being _____________ in to one form or another.
5. In an energy pyramid, which level has the most available energy?
6. A team of marine scientists is studying biotic and abiotic factors that affect the stability of a deep-sea
ecosystem. The scientists discovered a species of fish that eats other fish and decaying matter.
What do you call the newly discovered fish?
7. In which biome are you most likely to find plants that can tolerate water that has a constantly changing salt content?
8. If fish in a river begin to die because of pollution, what may happen to the river ecosystem?
9. Which types of animals are you most likely to find in the savanna?
10. What are the levels of environmental organization in order of smallest to largest?
11. Condensation is part of which important cycle for life on earth?
Use the diagram below to answer question 12
12. The diagram shows the carbon cycle. Which of the following processes above are primarily involved in releasing
carbon into the air?
13. How is carbon dioxide (CO2) used in plants or animals?
Use the following diagram to answer question 14.
Diagram: Cutaway view showing the inside of a chloroplast
14. S7l2.a The above diagram shows the shape and the insides of a chloroplast. What
materials does the chloroplast need to do its job?
15. All cell growth and reproduction requires what to enter the cell?
16. What types of cells differentiate to become specialized?
Study Guide……End of Year EXAM
The diagram below shows a deer and green plants.
17. What is the relationship between the deer and the
plants?
18. What is the original source of energy for this
ecosystem?
19. The fish in the pond get energy from what sources?
The diagram shows a food web for a community.
20. Which of the organisms in the diagram are carnivores?
21. How do small nutrients enter cells?
22. The movement of particles from a less crowded area to a more crowded area requires
23. What is most likely to happen if a cell is placed in a high salt solution?
24. In animal skin tissue, what is cell division is responsible for ?
Use the graphic to answer questions
25. What type of call is Cell B?
26. Which structure shown in the diagrams above contains the genetic
material for the cells?
Study Guide……End of Year EXAM
27. The structures found in a living cell can be compared to the parts of a factory that produces cars. Which part of the cell
is most similar to the computer room that controls the assembly process?
28. Liver cells require a great deal of energy. Which cell organelles would you expect to appear in large number as a
result?
29. What is the sequence that correctly shows the levels of organization for structure and function in a human?
Use the diagram to answer the question.
30. Which diagram above represents one type of human tissue? (Diagrams are not drawn to scale).
31. The brain is part of your nervous system. Is your brain a cell, tissue, organ, or
system? Explain why!
32. The diagram shows a process that occurs in the leaf of a tree and other organisms
containing chlorophyll. What is the process represented in the diagram?
33. What would happen if all the red blood cells in blood disappeared?
34. Humans have several organ systems that allow them to carry on all life activities. The
organ system responsible for breaking down large food molecules into smaller molecules
is _______________.
35. The diagram represents which of the following organ systems of the human body?
36. Which body system is responsible for taking in nutrients and getting rid of wastes?
37. What is the definition of heredity?
Consider the Punnett Square Diagram below to help you answer the questions. In this type bird, the allele for red color (A)
is dominant over the allele for blue color (a).
38. Which of the following best describes the phenotype of the offspring of the birds?
39. Which of the following best describes the difference between the meanings of
phenotype and genotype for this characteristic in birds?
40. Suppose one of the blue bird’s wings is cut off in an accident. Despite the
accident, they are still able to reproduce and all the baby birds have normal wings.
Why?
Consider the Punnett Square Diagram to help you
answer question 41. In this type of rabbit, the allele for
fluffy fur (F) is dominant over the allele for bristly fur (f).
41. What are the possible genotypes of the offspring?
Study Guide……End of Year EXAM
42. The process illustrated where one single-celled organism splits into
two genetically identical single celled organisms is called:
________________________________.
43. Offspring that are genetically different from both parents are
produced through __________________.
44. When a dairy farmer chooses a specific bull to mate with her cows
in order to produce calves that will grow up to produce more milk, this
process is called _______________________________.
45. Genetic ____________ within a population is one factor necessary
in order for natural selection to occur in a species
46. Fossils are most often found in __________________________________.
47. What is an example of natural selection?
48. A scientist is studying fossils from different layers of rock. Which rock layer will contain fossils that most closely
resemble present day organisms?
Use the picture and table below to answer questions
Suppose a scientist collected data on peppered moths over the course
of 5 years. The scientist found that in soot-blackened areas, more of the
dark-colored moths had survived. He showed that, in this environment,
the moths that were better camouflaged had the higher survival rate.
Year
1
2
3
4
5
Number of Light
Moths Captured
in dark areas
537
484
392
246
225
Number of Dark
Moths Captured
in dark areas
112
198
210
281
357
49, When evolutionary changes like this occur when organisms with favorable variations for a particular environment
survive and pass these variations on to the next generation. This process is known as _______________________.
50. If a characteristic such as dark color improves the moths ability to survive and reproduce in this particular
environment, then the dark color is considered to be a(n) ______________________________.
51. Animalia, Fungi, Protista, and Plantae are the names of _________________________.
52 The process of gradual change in the inherited traits of a population of organisms through successive generations is
called ____________________________.