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' / DCE/<F/1HG+6 * AI J6 *
W
ITERATIVE LOOP
SCHEMATIC VIEW OF MUSIC
_ perturb
HARMONY
MELODIC
\ check random
i loop status
`Stable ?
a calculate
_ pitch
bMIDI out
e refer to
_ pitch
bMIDI out
e refer to
_ pitch
bMIDI out
[x
[x
[x
[x
[x
x
x
[x
[x
[x
[x
[x
[x
[x
[x
[x
f pdate
g vuolumes
\ check CA
h and shift
c yes
dEnd ?
states
Z
no
Z
iterate
Iterative loop references each algorithm
and converts to MIDI events.
[
[
[ [x x x x x x
[x [xx x [x
[ [ [
[x [x [x [xx x x [x
[x [x
X
MIDI messages sent.
(sound synchronously)
RHYTHMIC
RHYTHMIC
no
MELODIC
] homeostat
^ outputs
HARMONY
c yes
\ calculate
iteration number
Y
Polyphonic audio produced.
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