STUDY GUIDE
8th Grade
May- June 2017
Teacher: Mr. Colunga
Friday, June 2nd 2017
DATE
Topic
Google Sketchup
Definitions / Resources
Google SketchUp is software that you can use to create 3D models of anything you like.
The main page (including the download) is at http://sketchup.google.com/ .
You can build models from scratch, or you can download what you need. People all over
the world share what they've made on the Google 3D Warehouse. It's a huge, searchable
repository of models, and it's free. Explore the Google 3D Warehouse at
http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/ .
SketchUp
coordinate
systems
SketchUp coordinate systems
SketchUp uses a 3D coordinate system whereby points in space are identified
by position along three drawing axes: plus or minus X, Y, and Z (above
ground/below ground) values. In SketchUp, plus or minus X is represented by
solid red and dotted red lines respectively; plus or minus Y are represented by
a solid green and dotted green axis lines respectively; plus or minus Z (above
and below the ground plane) are represented by solid blue and dotted blue
lines respectively. The plane where the red and green axes lines lie is called
the ground plane. Finally, the term origin, is used to define the place where all
of axes lines start or originate.
The following image shows the drawing axes in SketchUp (the lines have been
thickened to make the axes easier to read). The black circle represents the
origin.
Toolbar Glossary
Topic
Micorsoft Excel
Components of
Electronic Mail
Definitions / Resources
 Excel is a popular spreadsheet program designed for use on a personal
computer. Although it has many applications, Excel is used primarily as a
financial modeling package for such purposes as budgeting, cash flow forecasting,
sales reporting, and the preparation of profit and loss statements.
What is a Function?
A function is a special type of formula that produces, or "returns," a specific result.
Excel provides more than 300 functions for use in any worksheet, allowing you to
perform calculations that would otherwise be difficult, if not impossible, to
achieve. These functions fall into several categories including:
All functions are made up of two elements: the function name and an argument
list. The function name is simply the name assigned to the function (for example,
SUM). The argument list usually includes one or more operands (arguments),
enclosed in parentheses, which the function uses to produce its result. An
argument can be any item of information that is appropriate for the function in
which it appears -- for example, a text or numeric constant, a formula, another
function, a single cell reference, or multiple cell references (for example, a
range).
Since a function is a formula, it must be preceded by an equal sign (=), as follows:
=FUNCTION NAME(ARGUMENT)
OR
=FUNCTION NAME(ARGUMENT1, ARGUMENT2, . . .)
1.- The function name and arguments can be entered in either uppercase or
lowercase characters.
2.- Multiple arguments must be separated by commas. Spaces separating
arguments are optional.
3.- Certain functions do not require arguments. However, it is still necessary to
include an "empty" argument list -- for example, ( ).
Resetting Font Options for Cell Entries
The ability to use different font options to display and print cell entries is one of the most
important features for enhancing the appearance of data in a worksheet.
To reset font options for one or more cell entries:
Select the cell(s) in which the new font options are to be applied.
Click on the Format button in the Cells group on the Home tab and choose the
Format Cells command.
On the Font panel of the Format Cells dialog box, select the desired options.
Click on the OK button.
Alternatively, you can use the Font Dialog Box Launcher in the Font group on the Home
tab, or the various buttons and boxes in the Font group on the Home tab to reset font
options. For example, the Font and Font Size boxes allow you to apply a new font and
font size, respectively, to cell entries, while the Bold, Italic and Underline buttons allow you
to apply the corresponding attribute to cell entries.
Font / Font Size Boxes
Bold / Italic / Underline Buttons
Using the SUM Function
The SUM function returns the total of its list of numeric arguments.
It can be entered into a
worksheet either manually or by clicking on the AutoSum button. The AutoSum button is available in
two locations:
In the Editing group on the Home tab.
In the Function Library group on the Formulas tab.
Using the AutoSum button is generally the preferred method since it allows you to quickly compute
either a subtotal or grand total (the sum of subtotals) in a single row or column, as well as in multiple
rows or columns.
To compute a subtotal (using the AutoSum button):
Select the range of entries that are to be totaled (including the cell in which the subtotal is to
appear).
Click on the AutoSum button.
To compute a grand total (using the AutoSum button):
Select all subtotal ranges (including the cell in which the grand total is to appear).
Click on the AutoSum button.
AutoSum Button (Home Tab) / AutoSum Button (Formulas Tab)
Using the AVERAGE Function
The AVERAGE function returns the arithmetic mean (average value) of its list of numeric arguments.
It can be entered into a worksheet either manually or by expanding the AutoSum button and by
selecting the Average option in the list that appears.
Using the MAX and MIN Functions
The MAX and MIN functions return the maximum and minimum value, respectively, in
their list of numeric arguments. Like the AVERAGE function, the MAX and MIN functions can be
entered into a worksheet either manually or by expanding the AutoSum button and by selecting the
appropriate option (in this case, Max or Min) in the list that appear