Chapter 12
Neural Tissue
Lecture Presentation by
Lee Ann Frederick
University of Texas at Arlington
(heavily modified by GJC)
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 12-1 A Functional Overview of the Nervous System (& the rest of the course!).
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Neurons
• Three Functional Classifications of Neurons
1. _______ neurons
• Afferent neurons of PNS
2. _______ neurons
• Efferent neurons of PNS
3. _____neurons
• Association neurons
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
So what’s important in THIS chapter
(Chapter 12)?
• Membrane potentials
• Electrochemical gradients
• Ion channels: voltage-gated & ligand-gated
• Action potentials
• Synapses and postsynaptic potentials
Review of the basic structure of neurons…
10th Martini, Figure 12-4
… And the glial cells that support them
10th Martini, Figure 12-6
MAD LIB: How the nervous system transmits
information, (over)simplified
• The basic “message” is always a change in
__________ ____________
• This change is caused by the movement of ____
through ___ ________ across the ______
___________
• The ions move according to their ___________
__________
Membrane Potential
DEFINITION?
EXAMPLE?
10th Martini, Figure 12-9
Changes in membrane potential are caused
by …
Figure 12-10 Electrochemical Gradients for Potassium and Sodium Ions.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 12-10 Electrochemical Gradients for Potassium and Sodium Ions.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Nervous system “jokes”
Q1. Why did the ion cross the “road”?
A1.
Q2. HOW did the ion cross the “road”?
A2.
Two main types of
gated ion channels
10th Martini, Figure 12-11
Action Potentials
• DEFINITION (again):
Figure 12-14 Generation of an Action Potential
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 12-14 Generation of an Action Potential
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Summary of Action Potential:
Graph of Membrane Potential vs. Time
Membrane
potential (mV)
Time (milliseconds)
Propagation of Action Potentials
(simple version)
Propagation of Action Potentials
(simple version)