SPC /GTZ
Fiji National REDD Policy & Scoping Workshop
Suva, 27 August – 1 September 2009
Dr Sean Weaver, Principal, Carbon Partnership Ltd
www.carbon-partnership.com
[email protected]
© Text and illustrations Sean Weaver, Carbon Partnership Ltd
Quality Assurance Standards
Market Instruments
Quality Assurance Standards
Fund Instruments
National Scale
Hybrid
Project Scale
Fully centralised
government program
Projects as part of a
government program
Fully devolved to
landowners
National scale MRV
National & Project
scale MRV
Project scale MRV
Require national infrastructures
More attractive to buyers/ funders
No need for government
involvement
Less attractive to buyers
Quality Assurance Standards
Market Instruments
Quality Assurance Standards
Fund Instruments
National Scale
Hybrid
Project Scale
Fully centralised
government program
Projects as part of a
government program
Fully devolved to
landowners
National scale MRV
National & Project
scale MRV
Project scale MRV
Quality Assurance Standards
Market Instruments
Quality Assurance Standards
Fund Instruments
Advantages
1. Low cost to government and donors
2. Able to happen immediately
3. Market actors find most cost effective projects
Disadvantages
Project Scale
Fully devolved to
landowners
Project scale MRV
1. Difficult to demonstrate additionality
2. Open to carbon cowboys, landowner injustices, lost opportunities
3. Not nationally strategic or coordinated
Quality Assurance Standards
Market Instruments
Quality Assurance Standards
Fund Instruments
National Scale
Hybrid
Project Scale
Fully centralised
government program
Projects as part of a
government program
Fully devolved to
landowners
National scale MRV
National & Project
scale MRV
Project scale MRV
Quality Assurance Standards
Market Instruments
Quality Assurance Standards
Fund Instruments
Advantages
National Scale
1. Easier to demonstrate additionality
Fully centralised
government program
2. Nationally strategic
National scale MRV
3. Attractive to buyers/funders
Disadvantages
1. First need approved national MRV program
2. Can exclude private sector innovators
3. Govt REDD policies & compliance not always
effective
Quality Assurance Standards
Market Instruments
Quality Assurance Standards
Fund Instruments
National Scale
Hybrid
Project Scale
Fully centralised
government program
Projects as part of a
government program
Fully devolved to
landowners
National scale MRV
National & Project
scale MRV
Project scale MRV
Quality Assurance Standards
Market Instruments
Quality Assurance Standards
Fund Instruments
Advantages
1. Easier to
demonstrate
additionality
2. Nationally strategic
3. Attractive to
buyers/funders
4. Enables publicprivate partnerships
Disadvantages
Hybrid
Projects as part of a
government program
National & Project
scale MRV
1. First need approved
national MRV program
2. Govt REDD policies &
compliance not always
effective
Quality Assurance Standards
Market Instruments
Quality Assurance Standards
Fund Instruments
Possible Strategy
1. Aim for Hybrid
2. Start by building
national MRV
3. Build strong policy
& strategy
4. Learn from private
sector & NGO pilot
projects
Hybrid
Project Scale
Projects as part of a
government program
Fully devolved to
landowners
National & Project
scale MRV
Project scale MRV
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
2012
Refine Policy
2015
REDD Ready
National MRV
National REDD Implementation
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
Possible Strategy
1. Aim for Hybrid
2. Start by building
national MRV
3. Build strong policy
& strategy
4. Learn from private
sector & NGO pilot
projects
Hybrid
Project Scale
Projects as part of a
government program
Fully devolved to
landowners
National & Project
scale MRV
Project scale MRV
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
2012
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
On track
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
2012
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
On track
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
2012
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
On track
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
2012
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
On track
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
2010
Policy
Strategy
2011
2012
2015
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
This Workshop & aftermath
a. Define strategic goal (destination)
b. Define general means of achieving goal (roadmap)
c.
Understand & define capability requirements for participation
d. Assess existing capability & gap analysis
e. Define strategy for building capacity
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
2012
2015
World Bank
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
UNFCCC
Detailed Strategic Action Plan:
i. Detailed assessment of national deforestation and forest degradation
ii. Detailed REDD strategy options & institutional / legal implementation
framework necessary to realize these options;
iii. A reference scenario for GHG emissions from deforestation and/or
forest degradation; and
iv. Define a monitoring system to measure, report and verify (MRV) the
effect of the REDD strategy on GHG emissions, livelihoods and
biodiversity.
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
2010
Policy
Strategy
2011
2012
2015
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
Forest component of National GHG Inventory
a. Forest carbon stocks
b. Forest area change assessment
Assess existing data sources
a. National forest inventory data
b. National remote sensing data
c.
Calculate preliminary national carbon stock
Define process / strategy for improving to international standards
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
2010
Policy
Strategy
2011
2012
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
Strategically select pilot project types
a. Strategic importance
b. Low hanging fruit
Select site for priority pilot project
Design pilot project
Implement pilot project
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
2010
Policy
Strategy
2011
2012
2015
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
Run training as “learning-by-doing” with expert support for key tasks
a. Policy & strategy development
b. MRV
c.
Pilot project design & implementation
Applied Masters thesis projects for each theme
Develop consultation strategy linked to strategic priorities
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
External Capability Domestic
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
Payment for Ecosystem
Services Market
Direct Barter
2012
2015
2009
2010
Policy
Strategy
2011
2012
2015
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
Buyer
Seller
Trade Agreement
Debt cancellation
Forest Protection
Tech Transfer
Education...
Direct Barter
Useful instrument for initiatives that are
unsuitable for carbon projects.
a. Too small to overcome transaction
cost barriers
b. Too large to warrant project scale
MRV
2009
Policy
2010
Strategy
2011
Refine Policy
National MRV
Pilot Projects
Training/Education/Consultation
2012
2015
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
4. Institutional Strengthening
5. MRV Path
6. Pilot Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
8. International Policy Engagement
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
a. Responding
key drivers:
2. Scale
(National /toProject
/ Hybrid
b. Aligning
with key development priorities
3. Structure
& Governance
4. MRVSource
Path
Reducing
Avoiding Source
5. Pilot Project Priorities
Future threat of high
High intensity
selective logging
intensity selective
logging or deforestation
Enhancing Sink
Opportunities for
afforestation
SFM
SFM
Afforestation
Forest Protection
Forest Protection
reforestation
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
4. Institutional Strengthening
5. MRV Path
6. Pilot Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
8. International Policy Engagement
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
National Scale
4. MRV Path
Hybrid
Projects as part of a
Fully centralised
5. Pilotprogram
Project Priorities
government program
government
National scale MRV
National & Project
scale MRV
Project Scale
Fully devolved to
landowners
Project scale MRV
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
Advantages
Hybrid
4.
MRV
Path
1. Easier to
Projects as part of a
demonstrate
5.
Pilot Project Priorities
government program
additionality
2. Nationally strategic
3. Attractive to
buyers/funders
4. Enables publicprivate partnerships
National & Project
scale MRV
Requirements
1. First need approved
national MRV program
2. Pilot projects
3. Well coordinated
4. Transparent
governance
5. Institutional
strengthening
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
4. Institutional Strengthening
5. MRV Path
6. Pilot Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
8. International Policy Engagement
2009
2010
Policy
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
Minister
3. Structure & Governance
NEC
4. MRV Path
REDD+ Steering
5. Pilot
Project Priorities
Committee
Forestry Board
(Multi-stakeholder)
Forestry Department
Technical
Subcommittee
(REDD+ Secretariat)
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
4. Institutional Strengthening
5. MRV Path
6. Pilot Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
8. International Policy Engagement
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
4. Institutional Strengthening
a. Legal
arrangements
5. MRV
Path
b. DNA
Strengthening
6. Pilot
Project
Priorities
i.
DoE, DoF, Energy
ii.
Policy platform
iii.
Approval procedures
7. Communication Strategy
Clarify carbon unit original
ownership & property rights
All CO2e property right transfers
to be approved by the DNA
Define Fiji specific REDD+
project & program eligibility
criteria
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
4. Institutional Strengthening
5. MRV Path
6. Pilot Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
8. International Policy Engagement
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National
Projectforest
/ Hybrid
a. /National
carbon data repository
b. Assessment of data for preliminary national
3. Structure & Governance
carbon stock calculation
4. Institutional Strengthening
c.
5. MRV Path
Preliminary national carbon stock calculation
for indigenous forests
d. Gather data for planted forests
6. Pilot Project Priorities
e. Undertake forest area change assessment
7. Communication Strategy
f.
Complete phase 1 national carbon stock
calculation
g. Develop national reference level
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
4. Institutional Strengthening
5. MRV Path
6. Pilot Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
8. International Policy Engagement
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
Options include:
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
a. Avoiding source: Concession buy-back avoided
2. Scale (Nationaldeforestation
/ Project / for
Hybrid
agricultural conversion
Reducing source: SFM in lieu of high intensity
3. Structure &b.Governance
selective logging
4. Institutionalc.Strengthening
Enhancing sink: Afforestation of talisiga with
5. MRV Path
plantation
6. Pilot Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
4. Institutional Strengthening
5. MRV Path
6. Pilot Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
8. International Policy Engagement
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
High(reducing
priority to strengthen
two-way
communication
1. Scope
& avoiding
source,
enhancinglinkages
sink)
between landowners and national & international policy
2. Scale
(National / Project / Hybrid
Need to use simple language and translate into Fijian
3. Structure
& communication
Governance styles for different target audiences
Different
Draft REDD+
communication strategy to be developed by
4. Institutional
Strengthening
Forestry with help of SPC
5. MRV Path
Fundamental to effective and transparent REDD+ Program
6. Pilotgovernance
Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
1. Scope (reducing & avoiding source, enhancing sink)
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
3. Structure & Governance
4. Institutional Strengthening
5. MRV Path
6. Pilot Project Priorities
7. Communication Strategy
8. International Policy Engagement
2009
Policy
2010
2011
2012
2015
Goals
Improve
communication
linkages
betweenenhancing
Foreign Affairs,
1. Scope
(reducing
& avoiding
source,
sink)
UNFCCC Focal Point, DNA , Forestry, Environment & Energy.
2. Scale (National / Project / Hybrid
Commitment to attend COP-15 in Copenhagen (Environment,
Forestry, Technical
/Policy Advisor)
3. Structure
& Governance
Aim for Fiji/Vanuatu joint side event in 2010 at UNFCCC SBSTA
4. Institutional
Strengthening
or COP-16 to report progress.
5. MRV
Path
Begin
active attendance at UNFCCC REDD technical and
policy workshops ,and Coalition of Rainforest Nations
6. Pilot
Project(Forestry
Priorities
Workshops
participant) (funded by UNFCCC /CRfN)
7. Communication Strategy
8. International Policy Engagement