Classical Conditioning:
Pavlov
Quick Re-Cap and H/W Check
1. In your group of three quiz each on:
1.
2.
Work out the examples on the next slide by labelling them with the correct terms.
Complete the top part of the re-cap sheet.
2. Go through your h/w as a group. Ask questions if you do not
understand.
3. Complete the bottom half of the re-cap sheet.
UCS, UCR, NS, CS and CR
1.
You eat a new food and then get sick because of the flu. However,
you develop a dislike for the food and feel nauseated whenever you
smell it.
2.
Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the
shower becomes very hot and causes the person to jump back. Over
time, the person begins to jump back automatically after hearing
the flush, before the water temperature changes.
3.
A boy was playing with a dog in a park when a loud noise made him
jump. Now the boy jumps when he sees a dog.
Key Terms
EXTINCTION
The dying out of a conditioned response by breaking the association between
the C.S. and the U.C.S. E.g. When the bell was repeatedly rang and no food
presented Pavlov’s dog gradually stopped salivating at the sound of the bell.
SPONTANEOUS RECOVERY
The return of a conditioned response (in a weaker form) after a period of time.
E.g. When Pavlov waited for a few days and then rang the bell once more the
dog salivated again.
GENERALISATION
When a stimulus similar to the C.S. also elicits a response. E.g. Initially Pavlov’s
dog salivated at the sound of any bell – not just the food bell.
DISCRIMINATION
The opposite of generalisation i.e. the ability of the subject to tell the
difference between two similar stimuli. E.g. Eventually Pavlov’s dog learns the
difference between the sound of the 2 bells and no longer salivates at the
sound of the non-food bell.
A baby soon learns to distinguish between the voice / smell of their
main carer (usually the mother) and other adults. This is an example of
STIMULUS DISCRIMINATION
If a baby is ignored when it cries then he/she may stop crying.
This is an example of EXTINCTION
How could this be useful? Could this harm the baby in anyway?
WHAT IF LOTS
OF PEOPLE
ARE LOOKING
AFTER ME?
DO I RESPOND
DIFFERENTLY TO
DIFFERENT
VOICES?
WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF I
CRY BUT NO-ONE COMES
TO SEE WHAT’S WRONG?
Lesson 2
STOP!!!
Before we move on are
there any questions about
CC?
Pavlov
Background
Aims
Procedure
Results
Conclusions
Evaluating Pavlov’s Study
Strengths
Weaknesses
Generalisability
Reliability
Application To Real Life
Validity
Homework
1. Read The Classic Little Albert Study
2. Read through the study by Watson and Rayner on “Little Albert” and
complete the APRC template.
3. Use the additional handout to help you.