PRACTICAL STRATEGIES in Green Building HOTELS What is LEED? LEED is a voluntary, third-party green building certification program that awards points to buildings for satisfying specified green building criteria. LEED-certified buildings have implemented strategies intended to reduce building operating costs, environmental footprint, and resource consumption such as water and energy use. LEED projects are designed, built and operated to cut CO2 emissions while encouraging strategies to help create healthier indoor environmental quality. As new technologies emerge, policies change, and the built environment evolves, LEED will respond through an ongoing, consensusbased refinement process. Developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), a non-profit organization of leaders and experts from across the building continuum, LEED provides building owners and operators a concise framework for identifying and implementing practical and measurable design, construction, and operations solutions. LEED and Hotels In the United States alone, hotels represent more than 5 billion square feet of space, nearly 5 million guest rooms, and close to $4 billion in annual energy use. Hotels and other hospitality venues have a significant opportunity to reduce negative environmental impacts associated with guest rooms, event space, and general facility use through measures such as energy and water efficiency, waste reduction and management, sustainable and local purchasing, and use of alternative transportation. Hotels can also contribute to human health by providing healthy, comfortable, and productive indoor environments with improved indoor air quality, access to daylight and views, and occupant control of the lighting and thermal environment. The suite of LEED rating systems includes a range of environmental and performance measures that can be implemented in hotels and other types of lodging facilities. LEED for New Construction and Major Renovations and LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance are the most appropriate rating systems for lodging projects to use. The LEED for New Construction rating system provides a framework for green design and construction of new development or major renovations. The LEED for Existing Buildings rating system provides a framework for hotel owners and operators to implement sustainable operations and maintenance practices in new and old buildings and measure operational improvements on a consistent scale with the goal of maximizing operational efficiency and minimizing environmental impacts from existing hotel operations. Hotels certified under LEED for New Construction can use LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance to maximize their investment by efficiently maintaining and operating their assets and thereby continuing their commitment to sustainability. Specifically, the LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance rating system addresses site maintenance programs, water and energy use, environmentally preferred products and practices for cleaning, sustainable purchasing policies, waste management and ongoing indoor environmental quality. How to Use This Tool Practical Strategies in Green Building - Hotel edition provides hotel developers, owners, and managers with examples of green strategies that have been used by LEED-certified projects. The information contained within should help project teams and hotel executives better understand the types of strategies, investments and benefits associated with LEED projects. The strategies in this guide are only a sample of possible approaches to LEED projects. This resource should be considered a showcase piece that highlights smart and sensible choices from a sampling of LEED-certified hotels. Organization This resource is organized the same way that the LEED rating systems are structured. Each of the six credit categories within LEED has a separate section that includes four different examples of LEED strategies utilized and the associated credits or prerequisites. Some strategies highlighted may be enough to meet prescriptive LEED requirements, while others will simply be part of the overall approach to integrated credits such as water or energy reduction. Sustainable Sites Water Efficiency Energy and Atmosphere Materials and Resources Indoor Environmental Quality Innovation in Operations Credit checklists for the balloted versions of both the LEED for New Construction and Major Renovations and LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations and Maintenance rating systems can be found at the back of this booklet. These can help you get a better understanding of the overall structure of the LEED for New Construction and LEED for Existing Buildings rating systems, including the prerequisites and optional credits that lead a project to certification. Certification Awards The LEED certification system is a flexible framework that allows project teams to decide which sustainable strategies to pursue based on the specifics of a particular project. LEED requires all projects to meet certain prerequisites, and project teams choose which optional credits to pursue for additional points toward certification. Of the 100 points available in the LEED rating systems, at least 40 must be earned for base-level certification. Certification levels start at Certified and increase to Silver, Gold and Platinum. Prerequisites are technical requirements within LEED that must be completed in order to be considered for certification. All prerequisites must be met in order for a project to become LEED certified. Credits are optional sets of requirements tied to a point value. To achieve certification a project needs to achieve at least 40% of the available points in LEED. LEARN MORE www.usgbc.org/LEED2009 to view the LEED-NC and LEED-EB: O&M rating systems. www.usgbc.org/EBOM to learn about the LEED EB: O&M rating system. www.usgbc.org/store to purchase a LEED Reference Guide. www.usgbc.org/hospitality to learn about USGBC’s work with the hotel & lodging industry. www.usgbc.org/resources to download hotel project profiles. “With fuel prices skyrocketing and concerns about traffic congestion and global climate change, the demand from our guests and staff for greener alternatives has been very strong. The new fleet of Barona buses are good for the environment, save wear on roads, and reduce traffic congestion.” Jay Bart, Barona Resort & Casino SUSTAINABLE SITES Reflective and Open Grid Paving Pave Non-Roof Surfaces with Highly Reflective Materials or Open Grid Pavement Heat Island Reduction – Non-roof: SSc7.1 U sing highly reflective concrete and open grid pavers on 100% of Hotel Indigo Athens’ paved surfaces has reduced the building’s heat island effect, minimizing the disturbance of local microclimates and wildlife habitats. At a cost of $45,000 for grid pavers vs. $26,000 for asphalt, this strategy has also reduced the summer cooling loads for the building. Lighter cooling loads have in turn reduced energy use, pollution generation, and infrastructure requirements. Hotel staff see the reflective and open grid paving as tangible and visible LEED strategies that contribute to the hotel’s green image. Staff report that guests easily understand the LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION HOTEL INDIGO ATHENS | ATHENS, GEORGIA OWNER: RIALTO PROPERTY PARTNERS, LLC LEED GOLD unique paving systems, which makes it an accessible sustainability strategy that quickly enhances a hotel’s green credentials. Green Roof Install Green Roof for Improved Stormwater Management and Reduced Energy Use Heat Island Reduction – Roof: SSc7.2 P opulated with over 24,000 native sedum plants, the Hyatt at Olive 8’s green roof reduces stormwater runoff by up to 75%, an extremely important environmental priority in the Puget Sound region. The green roof also mitigates the heat island effect that would otherwise be present, reduces the amount of energy required to heat and cool the main ballroom directly underneath, and provides a downtown habitat for birds and bees. In addition to these environmental benefits, the hotel’s green roof serves as a symbol of the Hyatt at Olive 8’s general commitment to sustainability and provides guests with a tangible connection to nature. It has turned LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION HYATT AT OLIVE 8 | SEATTLE, WASHINGTON OWNER: R.C. HEDEREEN COMPANY AND HYATT HOTELS CORPORATION LEED SILVER 4 usually unpopular rooms into hot commodities with a surprising number of guests requesting rooms with views of the roof. Site selection, management during construction, and ongoing maintenance are important components of a building’s sustainability. The Sustainable Sites credit category encourages development on previously developed land, minimizing a building’s impact on ecosystems and waterways, regionally appropriate landscaping, smart transportation choices, stormwater runoff management, and reduction of erosion, light pollution, heat island effect, and pollution related to construction and site maintenance. Alternative Transportation Provide Environmentally Friendly Transportation for Guests and Staff with Shuttle Program Alternative Commuting Transportation: SSc4 A line of biodiesel-fueled luxury motorcoaches offer guests and staff free shuttle service to Barona. They provide a fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly way to travel to the gaming, golf and entertainment destination just outside San Diego. The shuttles provide 206.6 passenger miles per gallon of fuel - on average seven times more energy efficient than single occupancy automobiles. They run throughout San Diego and Orange County, making it possible for guests and staff to reach Barona without having to use their own vehicles. This greatly reduces the number of vehicles driving to the property. The low-emission, LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS BARONA HOTEL | LAKESIDE, CALIFORNIA OWNER: BARONA BAND OF MISSION INDIANS LEED GOLD eco-friendly buses bring lighter traffic, reduced vehicle emissions, and a convenient, reduced stress mode of transportation for guests and staff. Reduced Site Disturbance Allow Majority of Site to Remain Undisturbed and In Its Natural Habitat Site Development – Protect or Restore Open Habitat: SSc5 T he Avalon is located in a reclaimed industrial area of Portland. A small landscaped area is available for guest relaxation and enjoyment of the surrounding nature, but the hotel makes every effort to maintain a wild and undisturbed riverfront location. The area has been carefully designed to support the local butterfly population and provide a salmon safe zone. This is a no-cost measure that leads to increased business from guests and local businesses that share the hotel’s commitment to the environment. Many repeat guests return to the Avalon because of its serene and “rural” setting within the city limits, and the hotel experiences increased occupancy from customers who seek out LEED-certified hotels. LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS AVALON HOTEL & SPA | PORTLAND, OREGON OWNER: GRAND HERITAGE HOTEL GROUP LEED SILVER The Avalon’s landscaping expenses are also dramatically reduced compared with the cost of maintaining an altered landscape. 5 “It’s really expected that a hotel with as many green credentials as ours make a true effort to cut back on water usage without impeding upon a guest’s experience. Our green building commitment and LEED certification has opened doors to new business, partnerships, and marketing opportunities and resulted in lots of positive, ongoing media coverage without compromising luxury and service.” Stefan Mühle, Orchard Hotel WATER EFFICIENCY Efficient Plumbing Fixtures Install High-Efficiency Plumbing Fixtures Water Use Reduction: WEp1 and WEc3 T he Proximity Hotel was built with high-efficiency Kohler plumbing fixtures, saving two million gallons of water, or 33%, in its first year of operations. This strategy enabled the hotel to address a local environmental issue: water conservation is very important in Greensboro as the area has limited water resources. The hotel expects to continue to see savings of around $14,000 in annual water bills. With a cost of only $7,000, this investment had a quick payback of six months. Guest comfort is of prime concern, and the hotel affirms that guests do not notice they are using less water. They are often amazed to find out that their rooms are equipped with efficient fixtures, including showerheads. LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION PROXIMITY HOTEL | GREENSBORO, NORTH CAROLINA OWNER: QUAINTANCE-WEAVER RESTAURANTS & HOTELS LEED PLATINUM The hotel’s toilets use a third of a gallon less water for each flush but cost the same amount as conventional toilets. Native Landscaping Landscape with Native Species that Require Little or No Irrigation Water Efficient Landscaping: WEc1 T he Westin Riverfront Resort & Spa’s grounds were landscaped using native plant species that can survive in a hostile, high-altitude environment with little or no irrigation. A few exceptions were made for some very limited areas of sod and annual flower beds at key entry points. This strategy allowed the property to significantly reduce water use, an important environmental priority in Colorado. In addition to ongoing water cost savings, the native plant species save the hotel money in other ways: they require no fertilizer and less maintenance, and are more affordable to purchase than nonnative species. Guests appreciate the use of native plant species, saying that they come to the mountains to LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION THE WESTIN RIVERFRONT RESORT & SPA | AVON, COLORADO OWNER: EAST WEST PARTNERS LEED SILVER 6 be surrounded by pine trees and aspen trees instead of plain lawns, which they can find anywhere. Buildings are major users of our potable water supply. The goal of the Water Efficiency credit category is to encourage smarter use of water, inside and out. Water reduction is typically achieved through more efficient appliances, fixtures and fittings inside and water-wise landscaping outside. Overall Water Use Reduction Install Waterless Urinals and Drought Tolerant Plants Indoor Plumbing Fixture and Fitting Efficiency: WEp1 and WEc2 Water Efficient Landscaping: WEc3 T he W Hotel replaced all urinals in public restrooms with waterless urinals. The hotel also replaced all exterior landscaping with drought- tolerant plants that require little to no irrigation. These measures reduced the hotel’s water use significantly and cost the hotel only $4,000. The payback was less than one year. Implementation of this strategy, along with the property’s general commitment to green building practices, has opened doors to new opportunities for the hotel. The W’s sales team has been able to penetrate new markets and target new clients for group business. Additionally, the hotel has become a pilot hotel for green LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS W HOTEL | SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA OWNER: KSSF INVESTMENTS LEED SILVER initiatives for all W Hotels and its general manager sits on the Starwood Sustainability Committee. Fixture and Fitting Upgrades Reduce Water Use by Installing Low-Flow Fixtures and Flow Restrictors Indoor Plumbing Fixture and Fitting Efficiency: WEp1 and WEc2 L ow-flow toilets, showerheads, and flow restrictors installed in the Orchard Hotel have reduced water use by 20%. Showerheads that used 2.3 gallons of water per minute were replaced with showerheads that use only 1.5 gallons per minute. Hotel staff believe that the new showerheads actually perform better than the old showerheads and have heard very few negative guest comments about them. Rebates from the California Public Utilities Commission covered 75% of the showerheads’ purchase price and 5% of the flow restrictors’ purchase price, and there was no cost premium on the low-flow toilets. The entire plumbing upgrade cost the hotel around $3,500 with a payback of two to three years. Water cost savings LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS THE ORCHARD HOTEL | SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA OWNER: THE ORCHARD HOTEL LEED CERTIFIED from these upgrades increase the hotel’s profits without harming guest experience. 7 “How can you tell if the hot water for your shower was heated by yesterday’s sunlight or with natural gas? We made sure none of our sustainable practices caused one iota of sacrifice in comfort for our guests.” Dennis Quaintance, Quaintance-Weaver Restaurants & Hotels ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE Solar-Heated Hot Water Install Rooftop Solar Water Heating System On-site Renewable Energy: EAc2 O ne hundred solar panels cover the Proximity’s 4,000-square-foot rooftop, providing around 60% of the hot water used by both the hotel and the restaurant inside it. By eliminating over half its water heating energy use, the hotel avoids using other fuel sources and reduces its emissions of greenhouse gases. The hotel saves $18,000 annually in natural gas costs. It also sells renewable energy credits at $20,000/year. At the time of installation, the Proximity received a 35% Federal Tax Credit as well as a 30% North Carolina State Tax Credit for the solar hot water system. With these incentives, the $450,000 investment has a payback of 4-5 years. The solar panels are the most visible of the hotel’s more than 70 LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION PROXIMITY HOTEL | GREENSBORO, NORTH CAROLINA OWNER: QUAINTANCE-WEAVER RESTAURANTS & HOTELS LEED PLATINUM sustainable practices as they can be seen easily on the roof of the hotel. Efficient HVAC System Install HVAC System with Energy Recovery Units and Variable Refrigerant Volume Heat Pumps Optimize Energy Efficiency Performance: EAc1 H otel Indigo installed a Mitsubishi City Multi Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV) split HVAC system which utilizes energy recovery units and VRV heat pumps to maximize the building’s energy performance. These systems are nearly 30% more efficient than the PTAC (Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner) units typically found in hotel guest rooms and account for a 23% reduction in building energy use, translating to annual savings of $34,462. The energy recovery units have a payback of just 3.5 years. The HVAC system also improves indoor air quality and contributes to occupant comfort and well-being with its guest-friendly, individually LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION HOTEL INDIGO ATHENS | ATHENS, GEORGIA OWNER: RIALTO PROPERTY PARTNERS, LLC LEED GOLD controlled digital thermostats. Software gives front desk staff ability to monitor guestroom occupancy and adjust temperature levels accordingly, further conserving energy and reducing operating costs. 8 According to the U.S. Department of Energy, buildings use 39% of the energy and 74% of the electricity produced each year in the United States. The Energy and Atmosphere credit category encourages a wide variety of energy strategies: commissioning; energy use monitoring; efficient design and construction; efficient appliances, systems and lighting; the use of renewable and clean sources of energy, generated on-site or off-site; and other innovative practices. Improve Equipment Efficiency Install Exhaust Fans with Variable Frequency Drives and Carbon Dioxide Sensors Optimize Energy Performance: EAc1 T he underground parking garage that services Montage Beverly Hills has been equipped with exhaust fans that are controlled by carbon dioxide sensors and Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs), allowing fans to operate only when needed. This reduces the electricity required to run the garage ventilation system by over 85%. It also generates annual savings of over 3.4 million kilowatt hours of energy, or roughly $420,000. At a cost of around $750,000, this equipment investment carries a payback of 1.8 years. This strategy also reduced the constant noise associated with running fans 24 hours a day, providing a more pleasant garage LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION MONTAGE BEVERLY HILLS | BEVERLY HILLS, CALIFORNIA OWNER: MONTAGE HOTELS & RESORTS LEED GOLD environment for guests and staff. Renewable Heat and Energy Install Geothermal Ground Loop System and Solar Photovoltaic Roof Panels Optimize Energy Performance: EAc1 On-site Renewable Energy: EAc2 A ground-coupled heat pump system provides most of the hotel’s space heating and domestic water heating. The system also captures air conditioning waste heat for domestic water heating during the summer. Nearly 100 rooftop solar photovoltaic panels offset reliance on the local electrical grid, taking advantage of the region’s many clear and sunny days. These two systems account for energy savings of around 40%, reducing Bardessono’s peak electricity consumption and overall annual energy use. This equates to annual savings of roughly $90,000 and 500,000 pounds of carbon dioxide emissions. The hotel estimates that the marketing value LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION BARDESSONO | YOUNTVILLE, CALIFORNIA OWNER: YOUNTVILLE INVESTORS LLC LEED PLATINUM created by these systems was equivalent to around $80,000 worth of advertising in 2009. At a combined cost of around $700,000, the hotel estimates a payback period of five years for these investments. 9 MATERIALS AND RESOURCES “We’ve invited all of our team members who are involved in procurement for the hotel to thoroughly research the products that they are in search of which in turn continues to keep all of us up to date on the most current, sustainable options and engaged in the process. The LEED for Existing Buildings process has also allowed us to exceed our guests’ expectations of what it means to be a green hotel.” Deirdre Wallace, The Ambrose Collection Construction Waste Diversion Reuse and Recycle Resource and Material Waste from Construction Site Construction Waste Management: MRc2 T he Element Lexington’s development team established a construction waste management plan targeting the project’s primary waste materials: wood, plastic, metal, gypsum, asphalt, brick, concrete, paper, cardboard, carpet, and carpet padding. The team diverted 83% of construction, demolition, and land-clearing debris from disposal in landfills or incinerators. Reusable materials were sent to appropriate sites for reuse and recyclable resources were redirected back into the manufacturing process. Reduced tipping fees completely offset the $10,000 cost of the tracking and monitoring activities performed by the general contractor in order to coordinate this effort, making this a no-cost LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT LEXINGTON | LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS OWNER: STARWOOD HOTELS & RESORTS LEED GOLD environmental strategy. Efforts to reduce the total amount of resources used and waste generated during construction also contributed to the positive environmental impact of this strategy. Sustainable Building Materials Use Building Materials Extracted and Manufactured Locally Regional Materials: MR Credit 5 C ityFlats’ parent company, Charter House Innovations, designed and manufactured all of the hotel’s interior seating and décor at a production facility just a few blocks away from the hotel, acquiring 95% of all raw manufacturing materials for seating and décor from local vendors. This reduced the fuel use, pollution and greenhouse gas emissions associated with transporting these products. In addition to the environmental benefits of avoiding long-distance transportation, the company avoided both the costs and logistical challenges associated with importing products. The hotel also partnered with a local mattress manufacturer to create its signature CityDrem Mattress brand. It has since LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION CITYFLATS HOTEL | HOLLAND, MICHIGAN OWNER: CHARTER HOUSE INNOVATIONS LEED GOLD become extremely popular with guests and has increased sales for both the hotel and the mattress manufacturer. In total, 38% of the building materials used in the hotel were extracted and processed or manufactured 10 within the region. During both construction and operations, buildings generate a lot of waste and use a lot of materials and resources. This credit category encourages the selection of sustainable materials, including those that are harvested and manufactured locally, contain high recycled content, and are rapidly renewable. It also promotes the reduction of waste through building and material reuse, construction waste management, and ongoing recycling programs. Sustainable Purchasing Implement Sustainable Purchasing Program Sustainable Purchasing Policy: MRp1 Sustainable Purchasing – Ongoing Consumables: MRc1 Sustainable Purchasing – Durable Goods: MRc2 T he Ambrose reduces its environmental footprint through its sustainable purchasing policy, which covers everything from electric-powered equipment to paper products. The policy encourages the purchase of products that contain recycled content or are recyclable, as well as locally produced products, reducing environmental impacts associated with transportation, virgin material use, and pollution. Purchasing only ENERGY STAR rated appliances for use throughout the hotel reduces energy consumption by around 30%, saving an estimated $32,000 in operating costs annually. Purchasing locally also provides an excellent opportunity LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS THE AMBROSE | SANTA MONICA, CALIFORNIA OWNER: DEIRDRE WALLACE LEED SILVER for the hotel to connect with and support the local economy. The hotel ensures quality by requiring that sustainable products are purchased only if performance will not be compromised. Building Waste Management Implement a Robust Recycling and Solid Waste Management Program Solid Waste Management Policy: MRp2 Solid Waste Management – Ongoing Consumables: MRc7 Solid Waste Management – Facility Alterations and Additions: MRc9 T hrough extensive staff education, upstream separation of waste by staff, an on-site recycling center, and a final step of off-site recycling, The Venetian and Sands Expo & Convention Center divert more than 55% of their total ongoing solid waste stream from landfill disposal. This equates to over 25 tons of glass, plastics, metals, cardboard, and paper daily. 100% of used batteries are recycled and over 75% of waste from renovation projects is reused or recycled. Additionally, more than 75% of the property’s food waste, an average of more than 10 tons daily, is either composted or reused as animal feed at a local farm. Leftover food LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS THE VENETIAN RESORT HOTEL AND SANDS EXPO & CONVENTION CENTER LAS VEGAS, NEVADA OWNER: LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. LEED GOLD packages and used electronics are donated to local charitable organizations. Impressively, the property has achieved these waste management goals with little to no additional costs. 11 INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY “CityFlats Hotel’s recognition as the first hotel in the Midwest to achieve LEED Gold Certification ensures that it is a healthy, environmentally-friendly component of the community.” Chuck Reid, President, CityFlats Hotel Daylight and Views Provide Access to Natural Light and Views of the Outdoors in Regularly Occupied Spaces Daylight and Views: EQc8 O ver 95% of all regularly occupied spaces in the Bardessono, including offices and meeting and conference rooms, have access to natural daylight and views of the outdoors. This provides both staff and guests with the health benefits of natural light and a visual connection with nature. Rooms brightened with sunlight reduce occupant eye strain and contribute to the human body’s absorption of Vitamin D. Views of the exterior grounds and surrounding landscape and gardens provide guests with a sense of serenity, attracting guests to the property. Guests often give positive feedback on the hotel’s daylight when booking or during their LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION BARDESSONO | YOUNTVILLE, CALIFORNIA OWNER: YOUNTVILLE INVESTORS LLC LEED PLATINUM stay. The natural daylight also has the effect of reducing energy use as occupants can function normally without electrical lighting in most spaces during the summer. Low-Emitting Paints Use Low-Emitting, Human and Environmentally Friendly Paints Low-Emitting Materials – Paints and Coatings: EQc4.2 W hen choosing paints for this new hotel, decision-makers took into account statistics they had heard from the U.S. EPA: indoor air is three times more polluted than outdoor air and is considered one of the top five hazards to human health. They considered that paints and finishes containing Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emit toxins into the air for years after application and are among the leading contributors to poor indoor air quality. CityFlats used low-VOC paints and coatings that are as efficacious as traditional paints but emit significantly fewer harmful off-gases. In addition to the indoor air quality and human health benefits, using environmentally friendly paints reduced the amount of contaminants LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION CITYFLATS HOTEL | HOLLAND, MICHIGAN OWNER: CHARTER HOUSE INNOVATIONS LEED GOLD 12 this project released into landfills, groundwater, and the atmosphere. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that Americans spend about 90% of their day indoors, where the air quality can be significantly worse than outside. The Indoor Environmental Quality credit category promotes strategies that can improve indoor air through low emitting materials selection and increased ventilation. It also promotes access to natural daylight and views. Green Cleaning Ensure your Green Cleaning Policy Works as Designed Green Cleaning – Sustainable Cleaning Products, Materials and Equipment: EQc3.3 and EQc3.4 B y implementing a high-performance green cleaning program, the Avalon Hotel & Spa has been able to reduce costs and avoid toxic fumes and skin irritants that could harm guests or employees. The hotel reduced cleaning costs substantially by replacing three different cleaning chemicals with a single Green Seal Certified household cleaner that is used throughout the entire building. The hotel also uses Green Seal Certified laundry products, micro-fiber cloths, and dual motor vacuum cleaners with HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filters that prevent particles from becoming airborne. The hotel reports that these measures incur no additional costs compared with using traditional cleaning products and LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS AVALON HOTEL & SPA | PORTLAND, OREGON OWNER: GRAND HERITAGE HOTEL GROUP LEED SILVER equipment. Healthy Indoor Environment Improve Indoor Environment and Air Quality Low-Emitting Materials: EQc4 Daylight and Views: EQc8 Innovation in Design: IDc1 I n a recent survey at Element Lexington, a guest with severe allergies indicated that the hotel’s healthy indoor air made an enormous improvement in her comfort, making it the only hotel in the Boston area where she could comfortably stay. The hotel was built using low-emitting paints, carpeting, and adhesives, minimizing harmful toxins in its indoor air. Going beyond the requirements of LEED for New Construction, Starwood carried its commitment to indoor air quality into hotel operations and developed a green cleaning program, earning the hotel a LEED innovation credit. Nearly all regularly occupied spaces have natural LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS ELEMENT LEXINGTON | LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS OWNER: STARWOOD HOTELS & RESORTS LEED GOLD daylight (98%) and views (88%), including offices, meeting rooms, laundry areas, kitchen, and the hotel’s employee break room, giving staff a healthier work environment. Guest satisfaction with these features is evidenced by scores in the high 8s and 9s on Starwood’s 10-point index. 13 “In the hospitality industry, while it is important to build sustainable hotel buildings, operators are able to achieve greater sustainable success by focusing on sustainable operating procedures in order to limit the impact we have on the environment. Montage Beverly Hills has chosen to open the property with these policies in place and in turn proves to be a good steward for our guests, our associates and surrounding community.” Mark Slymen, Montage Hotels & Resorts INNOVATION IN OPERATIONS Public and Staff Education Provide Comprehensive Staff Training and Guest Education on Sustainable Practices Innovation in Design: IDc1 T raining for staff at the Fairfield Inn & Suites Baltimore Inner Harbor ensures they are able to implement the hotel’s sustainable practices effectively and understand them well enough to answer any guest questions. A series of strategically designed displays as well as regular building tours educate guests about the hotel’s environmental attributes. These include a rainwater capture system, a green roof, efficient and userresponsive lighting and conditioning systems, sustainable (renewable, recycled, reclaimed, or regional) materials, recycling systems, and alternative transportation options, including a smart car for guest use. The educational aspects of the building have attracted local groups to host LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION FAIRFIELD INN AND SUITES, INNER HARBOR | BALTIMORE, MARYLAND OWNER: SUMMIT ASSOCIATES LEED GOLD events at the hotel, generating over $10,000 in additional revenue in the first few months of opening. Sustainable Operating Policies Open a New Property with Sustainable Operating Procedures in Place Innovation in Design: IDc1 M ontage Hotels & Resorts saw the importance of going beyond sustainable design and construction and adapted operating strategies from LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance into Innovation in Design credits for the hotel’s LEED for New Construction certification. Sustainable operating practices include sustainable purchasing, an integrated pest management and landscape management program, and a green housekeeping program. These strategies limit the ongoing impact the hotel has on the environment. Sourcing of green cleaning products and reductions in the amount of fertilizers, fungicides, LEED for NEW CONSTRUCTION MONTAGE BEVERLY HILLS | BEVERLY HILLS, CALIFORNIA OWNER: MONTAGE HOTELS & RESORTS LEED GOLD and pesticides used on the property minimize the exposure of guests, staff, and the local habitat to harsh chemicals. Environmentally Preferable Purchasing reduces environmental impact from the hotel’s vendors and 14 suppliers. The Innovation in Design and Inovation in Operations credit categories provide additional points for projects that use new and innovative technologies, achieve performance well beyond what is required by LEED credits, or utilize green building strategies that are not specifically addressed elsewhere in LEED. This credit category also rewards projects for including a LEED Accredited Professional on the team to ensure a holistic, integrated approach to design, construction, operations and maintenance. Eco Team Create a Committee to Focus on Environmental Issues Innovation in Operations: IOc1 I t is the job of the Ambrose Green Team to keep environmental issues at the top of the office priority list and to provide hotel staff and guests with accurate, meaningful, and up to date information on the company’s sustainable practices and policies. Through dedicated teamwork, monthly meetings, and communication, all Ambrose staff members are empowered to reach and maintain the program’s environmental goals of pollution control, effective waste management, energy use reduction, resource conservation, and sustainable purchasing. The scheduled monthly meetings serve as reminders for all staff of the importance of the hotel’s environmental programs and have allowed the hotel to remain committed LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS THE AMBROSE | SANTA MONICA, CALIFORNIA OWNER: DEIRDRE WALLACE LEED SILVER to its environmental mission. Each Eco Team member monitors one assigned LEED credit and ensures that staff stay engaged with it. Innovative Cooling Tower Design Implement a High Performance Cooling Tower Blowdown System Innovation in Operations: IOc1 Cooling Tower Water Management: WEc4 I ncreasing the cycles of concentration for water circulated through cooling tower units greatly reduces the amount of makeup water needed to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, and blowdown. Cycles of concentration were increased from 2.5 to a minimum of 5.0 by using acid injection to control the water’s pH level occurring with additional cycles of concentration. With an estimated annual cooling load of approximately 51,000,000 ton-hours attributable to the Venetian and Sands Expo building, decreasing the system blowdown resulted in a direct reduction in water usage of approximately 39,525,000 gallons per year (0.775 gallons LEED for EXISTING BUILDINGS THE VENETIAN RESORT HOTEL AND SANDS EXPO & CONVENTION CENTER LAS VEGAS, NEVADA OWNER: LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. LEED GOLD per ton-hour). The system had a payback period of less than one year. Additionally, less blowdown water is discharged to the Publicly Owned Treatment Works for treatment, an economic and environmental benefit. 15 CREDIT CHECKLISTS EXISTING BUILDINGS NEW CONSTRUCTION LEED for New Construction 2009 Yes ? No Y Sustainable Sites ? No Y Yes ? No 26 Credit 3 Enhanced Commissioning 2 Required Credit 4 Enhanced Refrigerant Management 2 Credit 5 Measurement & Verification 3 Credit 6 Green Power 2 Prereq 1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention Credit 1 Site Selection 1 Credit 2 Development Density and Community Connectivity 5 Credit 3 Brownfield Redevelopment 1 Credit 4.1 Alternative Transportation Alternative Transportation Credit 4.2 Changing Rooms Alternative Transportation Credit 4.3 efficient Vehicles Credit 4.4 Alternative Transportation Yes Possible Points Possible Points 110 – Public Transportation Access – Bicycle Storage and – Low-emitting and Fuel– Parking Capacity 6 1 Credit 5.2 Site Development – Maximize Open Space 1 Credit 6.1 Stormwater Design – Quantity Control 1 Credit 6.2 Stormwater Design – Quality Control 1 Credit 7.1 Heat Island Effect – Non-roof 1 Credit 7.2 Heat Island Effect – Roof 1 Credit 8 1 Possible Points Prereq 1 Water Use Reduction – 20% Reduction Credit 1 Water Efficient Landscaping 4 Credit 3 Water Use Reduction Credit 2 Construction Waste Management 75% Recycled or Salvaged Materials Reuse 1 1 2 2 Recycled Content 1 to 2 10% of Content 1 2 20% of Content 2 to 4 3 1 Reuse 10% Credit 5 1 1 to 2 Reuse 5% Credit 4 1 to 3 1 to 2 50% Recycled or Salvaged Credit 3 14 Required 2 Reuse 95% Credit 1.2 Building Reuse – Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Structural Elements Regional Materials 1 to 2 10% of Materials 1 20% of Materials 2 Credit 6 Rapidly Renewable Materials 1 Credit 7 Certified Wood 1 2 30% Reduction 2 35% Reduction 3 40% Reduction 4 Yes 35 Y Prereq 1 Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance Required Y Prereq 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control Required Credit 1 Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring 1 Credit 2 Increased Ventilation 1 Energy & Atmosphere Possible Points Y Prereq 1 Fundamental Building Systems Commissioning Required Y Prereq 2 Minimum Energy Performance Required Y Prereq 3 Fundamental Refrigerant Management Required Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance 12% New Buildings or 8% Existing Building Renovations 14% New Buildings or 10% Existing Building Renovations 16% New Buildings or 12% Existing Building Renovations 18% New Buildings or 14% Existing Building Renovations 20% New Buildings or 16% Existing Building Renovations 22% New Buildings or 18% Existing Building Renovations 24% New Buildings or 20% Existing Building Renovations 26% New Buildings or 22% Existing Building Renovations 28% New Buildings or 24% Existing Building Renovations 30% New Buildings or 26% Existing Building Renovations 32% New Buildings or 28% Existing Building Renovations 34% New Buildings or 30% Existing Building Renovations 36% New Buildings or 32% Existing Building Renovations 38% New Buildings or 34% Existing Building Renovations 40% New Buildings or 36% Existing Building Renovations 42% New Buildings or 38% Existing Building Renovations 44% New Buildings or 40% Existing Building Renovations 46% New Buildings or 42% Existing Building Renovations 48% New Buildings or 44% Existing Building Renovations Credit 2 Reuse 75% 2 to 4 No Potable Water Use or Irrigation Possible Points Storage & Collection of Recyclables Building Reuse – Maintain Existing Walls, Floors, and Credit 1.1 Roof Reuse 55% Required 2 Innovative Wastewater Technologies Materials & Resources Prereq 1 10 50% Reduction Credit 2 No 2 1 Water Efficiency ? Y 3 Credit 5.1 Site Development – Protect or Restore Habitat Light Pollution Reduction Yes On-Site Renewable Energy ? No Indoor Environmental Quality Possible Points Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan – Credit 3.1 During Construction Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan – Credit 3.2 Before Occupancy 1 to 19 1 15 1 1 2 Credit 4.1 Low-Emitting Materials – Adhesives & Sealants Credit 4.2 Low-Emitting Materials – Paints & Coatings 1 3 Credit 4.3 Low-Emitting Materials – Flooring Systems Low-Emitting Materials – Composite Wood & Agrifiber Credit 4.4 Products Credit 5 Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control 1 Credit 6.1 Controllability of Systems – Lighting 1 Credit 6.2 Controllability of Systems – Thermal Comfort 1 Credit 7.1 Thermal Comfort – Design 1 Credit 7.2 Thermal Comfort – Verification 1 Credit 8.1 Daylight & Views – Daylight 1 Credit 8.2 Daylight & Views – Views 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 Yes ? No 10 11 12 13 14 Yes ? No 15 16 17 Innovation & Design Possible Points 1 to 7 1% Renewable Energy 1 3% Renewable Energy 2 5% Renewable Energy 3 7% Renewable Energy 4 9% Renewable Energy 5 11% Renewable Energy 6 13% Renewable Energy 7 1 1 6 Credit 1.1 Innovation in Design: Specific Title 1 Credit 1.2 Innovation in Design: Specific Title 1 Credit 1.3 Innovation in Design: Specific Title 1 Credit 1.4 Innovation in Design: Specific Title 1 Credit 1.5 Innovation in Design: Specific Title 1 Credit 2 1 LEED® Accredited Professional Regional Priority Possible Points 4 Credit 1.1 Regional Priority 1 Credit 1.2 Regional Priority 1 Credit 1.3 Regional Priority 1 Credit 1.4 Regional Priority 1 Project Total 18 19 1 LEED for New Construction 2009 100 base points; 10 possible Innovation and Design and Regional Priority points Certified 40–49 points Silver 50–59 points Gold 60–79 points Platinum 80 points and above 110 LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance 2009 Yes ? No Sustainable Sites Possible Points Credit 1 Credit 2 LEED Certified Design and Construction Building Exterior and Hardscape Management Plan Integrated Pest Management, Erosion Control, and Credit 3 Landscape Management Plan Credit 4 Alternative Commuting Transportation Reduce by 10% Reduce by 13.75% Reduce by 17.5% Reduce by 21.25% Reduce by 25% Reduce by 31.25% Reduce by 37.5% Reduce by 43.75% Reduce by 50% Reduce by 56.25% Reduce by 62.5% Reduce by 68.75% Reduce by 75% Credit 5 Site Development—Protect or Restore Open Habitat Credit 6 Stormwater Quantity Control Credit 7.1 Heat Island Reduction—Nonroof Credit 7.2 Heat Island Reduction—Roof Credit 8 Light Pollution Reduction Yes ? No Water Efficiency Prereq 1 Credit 1 Y Credit 2 Credit 3 Credit 4 Yes Y Y Y ? No Energy & Atmosphere Prereq 1 Prereq 2 Prereq 3 Credit 1 Possible Points Minimum Indoor Plumbing Fixture and Fitting Efficiency Water Performance Measurement Whole building metering Submetering Additional Indoor Plumbing Fixture and Fitting Efficiency Reduce by 10% Reduce by 15% Reduce by 20% Reduce by 25% Reduce by 30% Water Efficient Landscaping Reduce by 50% Reduce by 62.5% Reduce by 75% Reduce by 87.5% Reduce by 100% Cooling Tower Water Management Chemical Management Nonpotable Water Source Use Possible Points Energy Efficiency Best Management Practices Minimum Energy Efficiency Performance Fundamental Refrigerant Management Optimize Energy Efficiency Performance ENERGY STAR Rating of 71 or 21st Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 73 or 23rd Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 74 or 24th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 75 or 25th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 76 or 26th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 77 or 27th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 78 or 28th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 79 or 29th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 80 or 30th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 81 or 31st Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 82 or 32nd Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 83 or 33rd Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 85 or 35th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 87 or 37th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 89 or 39th Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 91 or 41st Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 93 or 43rd Percentile Above National Median ENERGY STAR Rating of 95+ or 45th+ Percentile Above National Median Existing Building Commissioning—Investigation and Credit 2.1 Analysis Credit 2.2 Existing Building Commissioning—Implementation Existing Building Commissioning—Ongoing Credit 2.3 Commissioning Credit 3.1 Performance Measurement—Building Automation System Credit 3.2 Performance Measurement—System-Level Metering 40% Metered 80% Metered Credit 4 On-site and Off-site Renewable Energy 3% On-site or 25% Off-site Renewable Energy 4.5% On-site or 37.5% Off-site Renewable Energy 6% On-site or 50% Off-site Renewable Energy 7.5% On-site or 62.5% Off-site Renewable Energy 9% On-site or 75% Off-site Renewable Energy 12% On-site or 100% Off-site Renewable Energy Credit 5 Enhanced Refrigerant Management Credit 6 Emissions Reduction Reporting 26 4 1 1 3 to 15 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 1 1 1 1 Yes ? No Materials & Resources Prereq 1 Prereq 2 Credit 1 Credit 2.1 Y Y 14 Credit 3 1 to 1 2 1 to 1 2 3 4 5 1 to 1 2 3 4 5 1 to 1 2 2 Credit Credit Credit Credit Credit 5 4 5 6 7 8 Credit 9 Yes 5 ? No Credit 1.1 Credit 1.2 2 Credit 1.3 Credit 1.4 Credit 1.5 Credit Credit Credit Credit Credit Credit 1 to 18 1 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 Credit 3.3 3 Credit 3.4 4 Credit 3.5 Credit 3.6 5 Yes ? No 8 9 10 11 12 13 Yes ? No 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2 3 Possible Points Innovation in Operations: Specific Title Innovation in Operations: Specific Title Innovation in Operations: Specific Title Innovation in Operations: Specific Title LEED Accredited Professional Documenting Sustainable Building Cost Impacts Regional Priority Credits Credit Credit Credit Credit 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Possible Points Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control Green Cleaning Policy Indoor Air Quality Best Management Practices—Indoor Air Quality Management Program Indoor Air Quality Best Management Practices—Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring Indoor Air Quality Best Management Practices —Increased Ventilation Indoor Air Quality Best Management Practices—Reduce Particulates in Air Distribution Indoor Air Quality Best Management Practices—Facility Alterations and Additions Occupant Comfort—Occupant Survey Controllability of Systems—Lighting Occupant Comfort—Thermal Comfort Monitoring Daylight and Views Green Cleaning—High-Performance Cleaning Program Green Cleaning—Custodial Effectiveness Assessment Green Cleaning—Purchase of Sustainable Cleaning Products and Materials Green Cleaning—Sustainable Cleaning Equipment Green Cleaning—Indoor Chemical and Pollutant Source Control Green Cleaning—Indoor Integrated Pest Management Innovation in Operations Credit Credit Credit Credit Credit Credit 7 Possible Points Sustainable Purchasing Policy Solid Waste Management Policy Sustainable Purchasing—Ongoing Consumables Sustainable Purchasing—Durable Goods 40% of Electric 40% of Furniture Sustainable Purchasing—Facility Alterations and Additions Sustainable Purchasing—Reduced Mercury in Lamps Sustainable Purchasing—Food Solid Waste Management—Waste Stream Audit Solid Waste Management—Ongoing Consumables Solid Waste Management—Durable Goods Solid Waste Management—Facility Alterations and Additions Indoor Environmental Quality Prereq 1 Prereq 2 Prereq 3 Y Y Y 35 6 Possible Points 110 Regional Regional Regional Regional Priority: Priority: Priority: Priority: Specific Specific Specific Specific Possible Points Credit Credit Credit Credit 2 2 1 1 to 2 1 2 1 to 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 1 10 1 1 to 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 14 15 16 17 18 2 Project Total (Certification Estimates) 110 LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance 2009 Certified 40–49 points Silver 50–59 points Gold 60–79 points Platinum 80–110 points 19 USGBC.org
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