Cover Page
Table of Contents
Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1
Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 1
Procedure ....................................................................................................................... 1
Equipment ...................................................................................................................... 2
Results ............................................................................................................................ 4
Calculations.................................................................................................................... 5
Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 12
References .................................................................................................................... 13
Introduction
This is the fourth lab report of human factor IE342. This report is about the
Anthropometric Measurements of human body as one of related subject to human factor
as well as vision and audition experiments on previous reports. Anthropometry is the
measurement of people and the analyses of those measurements for various purposes
like increasing capability of worker and makes the workplace more comfortable [1].
These measurements include all physical dimensions of the human body like: weight,
height, waist,…etc. anthropometry plays an important role in industrial design, clothing
design, ergonomics and architecture where statistical data about the distribution of body
dimensions in the population are used to optimize product. Next sections will present
the objectives and the procedure of this experiment, and discuss the results.
Objectives
The main objective of this experiment is:
1- Understanding the uses of Anthropometric Measurements and its importance
in industry.
2- Understanding the correct method to collect the data of Anthropometric
Measurements, and be familiar with tools that are using to measure.
3- Understanding the way to analyze the data and comparing the results to the
average results of human been in different area.
Procedure
The studied variables included 36 anthropometric parameters as well as some basic
parameters including: age, ethnic origin, father’s occupation and family size; the latter
two parameters may be used as indicators of the socioeconomic status, ethnic origin is
an indicator for heredity. The studied parameters are showing in figure (1). The
procedures of this lab. Exercise can be summarized in the following points:
1- Students are divided into groups. Each group consists of two students.
2- Each student of the two should take the 36 anthropometric measures of the
other one and record them in the attached data collection form.
3- The collected 36 anthropometric measures are assigned to the students so that
each student will take one of the 36 anthropometric measures of the class to
analyze it.
4- The analysis includes:
a) Testing the normality of each anthropometric measure.
b) Calculating the 5th, 50th and 95th percentile.
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Figure 1 Anthropometric Measurements
Equipment
The instruments used in this lab exercise include the following:
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1. Metric Scale, which is of the physician’s type. It has a movable rod in the
range of 75 cm to 195 cm with an incremental scale of 1 cm. It is used to
measure the stature; the eye standing, the shoulder standing, and elbow
standing height. The metric scale is also equipped with a weighing balance of
up to 160 kg capacity an incremental unit of 100 gram (0.1 kg). The weight
measurements are recorded to the nearest 0.5 kg. The Metric Scale is shown in
figure (2).
2. Chest Depth Caliber, which is of the physician’s type. It has a movable rod in
the range of 1cm to 60 cm with an incremental scale of 1cm. It is used to
measure the chest depth, chest breadth, waist depth, waist breadth, head
length, head breadth and neck breadth. The Chest Depth Caliber is shown in
figure (3).
3. Breadth Scale, which is of the physician’s type. It has a movable rod in the
range of 1 to 100 cm with an incremental scale of 1 cm. It is used to measure
the shoulder breadth, hip breadth, upper limb breadth, forward grip reach,
elbow fingertip length, shoulder elbow length, thigh thickness, buttock-knee
length, foot length, foot breadth, hand length and hand breadth. The Breadth
Scale is shown in figure (4).
4. Fat Caliper (Skin Fold Caliper), which is adjustable from 1 to 60 mm with
increment of 1 mm. It is used to measure fatness. The Fat Caliper is shown in
figure (5).
Figure 2the Metric Scale
Figure 3 Chest depth Caliper
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Figure 4 Skinfold caliper
Figure 5 flexible tape measures
Figure 6 Shoulder caliper
Results
This experiment measures different anthropometric parameters for all the group’s
students, shown in table 1.
Table 1 Sample Data of Group's students
No.
Variables Name
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Age
Ethnic Origin
Father’s Occupation
Family Size
Weight
Height
Eye Height Standing
Student
#1
22
Arab
Manager
8
52
152
142
Student
#2
21
Asian
Teacher
9
58
157
146
Student
#3
70.5
170
157.5
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10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Shoulder Height standing
Elbow Height Standing
Waist Height Standing
Standing Vertical Grip Reach
Height Setting
Eye Height Sitting
Shoulder Height Sitting
Elbow Height Sitting
Sitting Vertical Grip Reach
Over knee Height From Floor
Under knee Height From Floor
Chest Depth
Chest Breadth
Waist Depth
Waist Breadth
Head Length
Head Breadth
Neck Breadth
Shoulder Breadth
Hip Breadth
Upper Limb Length
128
94
98
182
77
68
51
15
103
51
43
20
22
18
25
18
15
8
38.2
36
70
128
96
93
186
77
65
49
18
113
51
42
24
36
22
32
19
21
9
44
35
65.5
141
106.5
108
209
87
74
54
21
119
55
47
25.5
26.5
26
30
18.5
15
10
38
38
76.5
31
32
33
34
35
36
Forward Grip Reach
Elbow Finger Tip Length
Shoulder Elbow Length
Tight Thickness
Buttock Knee Length
Buttock to Hollow of Knee
Length
Foot Length
Foot Breadth
Hand Length
Hand Breadth
Fat Thickness
Chest circumference
Waist circumference
69
42
37.2
15
51
43
67
40
32
16
55
49
75
39
37
18
56
48
21
7.6
18
8.5
30
81
68.7
22
9
17
9
20
88
77
24
9.5
18
10
27
98
90.5
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
Calculations
In this experiment, each student in each group will take one variable to measure and
compare the sample result with population’s result.
Population data is shown in table 2.
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Table 2 The Population data of the variables that will be measure
Variables:
No.
17: Elbow height
setting
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
18: sitting vertical
grip reach
22.5
21.5
18
15
21
16
23
21
20
26
20
23
22
20
20
24
25.5
32
30.5
32
23
25
20
21
16
29
22
20
31
23
29
20
20
22
19: Over knee Height
From Floor
116
117
113
103
113
115
114
116
103
117
109
111
102.5
110
107
112
119
123
114.5
139
114
121
107
119
115
102
102
111
123
163
120
109
107
102
50
49.5
51
51
50
48
50
50
54
55
52
51
52
50
51
52
54
56
44
58
54
55
51
55
56
50
51
52
53
52
51
52
51
51
Table 3 The Categories that each student will compare with
Variable
17- Elbow
height setting
18 - Sitting
Vertical Grip
Reach
19 - Over knee
Height From
Floor
Student #1
Student #2
Student #3
Category = 15
Category =113
Category = 55
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Student #1
Student number 1 will takes variable number 17 which is Elbow height setting and
performs a hypothesis testing using Minitab, and calculating the goodness of fit using
Chi-Square test.
First: The hypothesis is:
H0: The Population data are normally distributed for variable no. 17
H1: The Population data are not normally distributed for variable no. 17
Second: Entering the population data in Minitab and perform the Chi-Square
goodness of fit test.
Third: The result is:
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Figure 7 The Expected and Observed values of the population of Variable 17
Calculating result:
Chi-Square = 26, P-Value = 0.054
Tabulated result: Chi-Square = 26.296, α = 0.05
Concluding result:
Since, Chi-Square = 26 < 26.296 and,
P-Value = 0.054 > α = 0.05, Do not reject H0 and conclude that the data is normally
distributed for variable 17 which is the Elbow height sitting.
Comparison:
Student #1 has a Category = 15 which has a value = 1.
Since 1 is near the expected value = 2 that is shown in figure 7, then, the category that
student #1 has, does not cause significant difference.
Calculation of the Percentiles:
For the normal distribution the any percentile can be calculated
using the following formula:
Xp = X + Zp * S
where
Xp is the percentile value
X is the average value of the sample data
Zp is the value of Z from the standard normal distribution table that corresponding to
the desired percentile
S is the standard deviation value of the sample data
The Z values of the standard normal distribution corresponding to the commonly used
percentiles are shown on table 4 below:
Table 4 The Z values
Percentile
P
Zp
1st
0.01
0.025
-2.33
-1.96
0.05
0.1
-1.64
-1.28
17th
0.17
-0.955
50th
0.5
0.00
th
2.5
5th
10
th
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83rd
90th
95th
97.5th
0.83
0.9
0.95
0.975
0.955
1.28
1.64
1.96
99th
0.99
2.33
The 5th percentile can be calculated as follows:
X0.05 = X + Z0.05 * S
X0.05 = 16 cm
The 50th percentile=
X0.5 = 22 cm
The 95th percentile=
X0.95 =
31.35 cm
We can
conclude that
95% from the
population has elbow height while setting of 16cm, 50% has 22cm and 5% has 31.35cm.
Student #2
Student number 2 will takes variable number 18 which is sitting vertical grip reach
and performs a hypothesis testing using Minitab, and calculating the goodness of fit
using Chi-Square test.
First: The hypothesis is:
H0: The Population data are normally distributed for variable no. 18
H1: The Population data are not normally distributed for variable no. 18
Second: Entering the population data in Minitab and perform the Chi-Square
goodness of fit test.
Third: The result is:
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Figure 8 The Expected and Observed values of the population of Variable 18
Calculating result:
Chi-Square = 4.82353, P-Value = 1.00
Tabulated result: Chi-Square = 30.144, α = 0.05
Concluding result:
Since, Chi-Square = 4.82353 < 30.144 and,
P-Value = 1 > α = 0.05, Do not reject H0 and conclude that the data is normally
distributed for variable 18 which is sitting vertical grip reach.
Comparison:
Student #2 has a Category = 113 which has a value = 2.
Since 2 is near the expected value = 1.7 that is shown in figure 8, then, the category
that student #2 has, does not cause significant difference.
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Calculation of the Percentiles:
The 5th percentile can be calculated as follows:
X0.05 = X + Z0.05 * S
X0.05 = 102 cm
The 50th percentile=
X0.5 = 113.5 cm
The 95th percentile=
X0.95 = 128.6 cm
We can conclude that 95% from the population has elbow height while setting of 102cm,
50% has 113.5cm and 5% has 128.6cm.
Student #3
Student number 3 will takes variable number 19 which is over knee Height from Floor
and performs a hypothesis testing using Minitab, and calculating the goodness of fit
using Chi-Square test.
First: The hypothesis is:
H0: The Population data are normally distributed for variable no. 19
H1: The Population data are not normally distributed for variable no. 19
Second: Entering the population data in Minitab and perform the Chi-Square
goodness of fit test.
Third: The result is:
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Figure 9 The Expected and Observed values of the population of Variable 19
Calculating result:
Chi-Square = 24.2353, P-Value = 0.007
Tabulated result: Chi-Square = 18.307, α = 0.05
Concluding result:
Since, Chi-Square = 24.2353 >18.307and,
P-Value = 0.007 < α = 0.05, Reject H0 and conclude that the data is not normally
distributed for variable 19 which is knee Height from Floor.
Comparison:
Student #3 has a Category = 55 which has a value = 3.
Since 3 is near the expected value = 3.09091 that is shown in figure 9, then the
category that student #3 has, does not cause significant difference.
Calculation of the Percentiles:
The 5th percentile can be calculated as follows:
X0.05 = X + Z0.05 * S
X0.05 = 48.975 cm
The 50th percentile=
X0.5 = 51 cm
The 95th percentile=
X0.95 = 56 cm
We can conclude that 95% from the population has elbow height while setting of
48.975cm, 50% has 51cm and 5% has 56cm.
Conclusion
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References
[1] "umtri," [Online]. Available:
http://mreed.umtri.umich.edu/mreed/research_anthro.html. [Accessed 27 2 2016].
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