Disaster Relief & SAR Operations:
Civil-Military Coordination in the cases of
Typhoon Haiyan, MH370 & QZ8501
from the perspective of defense side
September 2015
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Contents
1 SAR OPs for MH370 in Malaysia & Australia
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
2 SAR OPs for QZ8501 in Indonesia
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
3 DR OPs for the PHL affected by Typhoon Haiyan
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
4 Future challenges
5 Activities of ADMM-Plus HA/DR-EWG, etc
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Overview: SAR OPs for MH370 in Malaysia & Australia
P-3C from JMSDF
SAR Ops Area
C-130H from JASDF
[ MAR-APR 2014 ]
- P-3C x 2; C-130H x 3
- About 400 hours
- 46 sorties
0km
1000km
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Cooperation: SAR OPs for MH370 in Malaysia & Australia
JASDF officers coordinating the SAR areas
with RMAF officers in Subang Airport
JMSDF & RAAF officers talking in RAAF Pearce Base
JMSDF crews talking with RAAF officers
A JMSDF crew with RAAF officers
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Lessons Learned: SAR OPs for MH370
 Coordination method in Subang / MYS:
- P-3Cs JMSDF and C-130Hs JASDF coordinated well with their counterparts
of RMAF (mil-to-mil coordination)
- In addition, the relevant staff of the Department of Civil Aviation
supported their activities and made them smooth and effective (civil-mil
coordination)
 Coordination method in RAAF Pearce Airbase / AUS:
- P-3Cs JMSDF coordinated well with their counterparts of RAAF (mil-to-mil
coordination)
- RMAF & the Department of Civil Aviation are key actors
- RAAF is a single key actor for mil-to-mil coordination
2 typical good examples of Civil-Military Coordination
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Contents
1 SAR OPs for MH370 in Malaysia & Australia
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
2 SAR OPs for QZ8501 in Indonesia
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
3 DR OPs for the PHL affected by Typhoon Haiyan
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
4 Future challenges
5 Activities of ADMM-Plus HA/DR-EWG, etc
6
Overview: SAR OPs for QZ8501 in Indonesia
287NM
90NM
[ DEC 2014 - JAN 2015 ]
- Vessels x 2
200NM
- 4 victims & belongings found
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Cooperation: SAR OPs for QZ8501 in Indonesia
A JSDF officer talking with RAAF LO
in IDN National SAR Agency (BASARNAS)
A JSDF officer consulting with Air Marshal Sulistyo
JSDF officers coordinating the SAR areas
with an IDN officer in BASARNAS
Officers of the IDN, USN & JSDF
in Pangkalan Bun / Iskandar Airbase
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Lessons Learned: SAR OPs for QZ8501
Coordination method:
- JSDF sent 3 officers directly to IDN National SAR Agency
(BASARNAS) and arranged the SAR OP areas with the
staff there and the crews on 2 vessels of JS Onami and JS
Takanami; The RAAF also sent their officers (civil-mil
coordination)
- Singapore sent their civilian staff from Civil Aviation
Authority to BASARNAS (civil-civil coordination)
BASARNAS is a single key actor for the coordination
A good example that GOVT’s SAR Agency played
a key role for Civil-Military Coordination
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Contents
1 SAR OPs for MH370 in Malaysia & Australia
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
2 SAR OPs for QZ8501 in Indonesia
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
3 DR OPs for the PHL affected by Typhoon Haiyan
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
4 Future challenges
5 Activities of ADMM-Plus HA/DR-EWG, etc
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Overview: DR OPs for PHL affected by Typhoon Haiyan
[ NOV - DEC 2013 ]
- 2,646 people received medical care
- 11,924 people vaccinated
- Epidemic ops on about 95,600 m/s
- 630 tons of supply airlifted
- 2,768 afflicted people airlifted
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Cooperation: DR OPs for PHL affected by Typhoon Haiyan
PHL
US
JPN
US
JPN
Mil-to-mil coordination among the officers of JPN, the US & AUS
in Multi-National Coordination Center (MNCC)
JASDF’s C-130 filled with liquid oxygen provided by the US
A PHL naval officer attending the MTG among
COs of JMSDF and US Navy on DDH ISE
RAS bet. JS TOWADA and HMAS TOBRUK
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Lessons Learned: DR OPs for PHL affected by Typhoon Haiyan
Coordination method:
- JSDF sent an officer to Multi-National Coordination Center
(MNCC) established in Camp Aguinaldo run by the Armed
Forces of the Philippines (AFP) (mil-mil coordination)
- JSDF members had several opportunities for information
exchange with UNOCHA, WHO and the other actors in the
regional level where they deployed (civil-mil coordination).
- An MNCC is a body for mil-to-mil coordination
- Some kind of Civil-Mil coordination mechanism is necessary
An MNCC is a good model for mil-to-mil coordination;
Civil-Military coordination expected through HuMOCC, e.g.
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Contents
1 SAR OPs for MH370 in Malaysia & Australia
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
2 SAR OPs for QZ8501 in Indonesia
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
3 DR OPs for the PHL affected by Typhoon Haiyan
- Overview
- Cooperation among relevant actors
- Lessons Learned
4 Future challenges
5 Activities of ADMM-Plus HA/DR-EWG, etc
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Future challenges
1 Disaster Relief Ops:
- How does the affected country accept the foreign assisting
forces?
- How does the affected country make the DR ops by foreign
forces more smooth and effective?
2 (Maritime) Search and Rescue Ops:
- How does the defense-side support SAR ops especially in
the cases of aircraft accidents?
- How does civil-side appreciate and make use of the naval /
air assets for SAR ops?
- How do the relevant countries support / coordinate SAR
ops by foreign assisting forces including their aircrafts
passing through the third countries?
What can we do to make DR / SAR ops smooth & effective?
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Activities of ADMM-Plus HA/DR-EWG, etc [1/2]
 ADMM-Plus HA/DR-EWG:
- Discussing ways to solve the legal problems in the foreign
assisting forces’ deployment under the specified condition
without any agreement beforehand as SOFA, VFA or relevant
agreements; a template of document under consideration
* Streamlining the C.I.Q requirements, for example, would contribute to swift entry
of the assisting foreign forces into the affected state.
- Development of an ADMM Plus HA/DR Standard Operating
Procedures(SOP) focusing on the MNCC mechanism; the
result will contribute to SASOP Chapter 6 as documents of
attachment
* Incorporating past regional experiences including the lessons learned on the
MNCC in the Philippines during Typhoon Haiyan
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Activities of ADMM-Plus HA/DR-EWG, etc [2/2]
 A speech by Mr. Nakatani, Minister of Defense Japan:
[ A proposed idea ]
- Wider promotion of common rules and laws at sea
and in the air in the region
- Maritime and aerospace security
- Improvement of our disaster response capability
“Unfortunately, the Malaysian airplane which
disappeared last year has not been discovered
yet, but with a system that can monitor and control the regional aerospace around
the clock, we would be able to ensure air safety furthermore”
“Japan attaches great importance to enhancing disaster response capability of the
region as a whole, by synergizing the regional disaster prevention bases”
“we believe we need our military authorities to study how we can further
streamline procedures for rapid deployment of aircraft carrying emergency relief to
disaster-stricken”
“New forms of security collaboration in Asia”:
14th Asia Security Summit, the IISS Shangri-La Dialogue (30 May 2015)
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