Annex 54
Integration of Microgeneration and related
Energy Technologies in Buildings
EBC Technical day
Lisbon , June 17th 2015
Peter Tzscheutschler
(TUM, Germany)
Evgueniy Entchev
(CANMET, Canada)
What?
Why?
How?
Results!
Conclusions!
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What?
Why?
How?
Results!
Conclusions!
3
What is Microgeneration?
Heat Pump
Cogeneration
PV System
Wind Turbine
Small scale systems
supplying buildings with
Thermal Storage
Chiller
Battery Storage
heating, cooling and electricity
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Micro Cogeneration Systems
• Up to about 10 kW electrical, 25 kW thermal capacity
Otto Engine
Stirling Engine
Fuel Cells
Pict.: Panasonic
Pict.: Senertec
Pict.: Vaillant
Pict.: Remeha
Pict.: Baxi Innotech
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What?
Why?
How?
Results!
Conclusions!
6
Why do we look at Microgeneration?
• Number of small scale systems in built environment increases
• Energy supply systems become more complex
• Renewable energy resources have to be integrated
• Push towards higher efficiency of energy supply and usage
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What?
Why?
How?
Results!
Conclusions!
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Integrated Microgeneration Systems
Photovoltaic
System
Battery Storage
System
Alternator
Electricity
Grid
Electricity
Supply
Communication
Control
System
Space
Heating
Auxiliary
Burner
Thermal
Puffer
Storage
Fuel
Domestic
Hot
Water
µCHP
System
Fresh
Water
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Approach of Annex 54
Technical
performance
Economics
Environmental
impact
System
optimization
Policies and
Regulations
10
Field Testing
11
Laboratory Testing
12
Development of System Models
13
3E Analysis
Primary Energy
GHG Emissions
Costs
Conversion/
Distribution
Poly-Generation System
(Simulation Model)
Heating
Cooling
Electricity
Building/User Requirements
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What?
Why?
How?
Results!
Conclusions!
15
Benefit of Micro-Cogeneration Systems
250
Primary Energy Demand
[MWh/a]
50
45
CO2 Emissions
[t/a]
40
200
35
150
30
25
100
20
15
50
Electricity net imp.
Gas cond. Boiler
Gas cond. CHP
0
10
5
Electricity net imp.
Gas cond. Boiler
Gas cond. CHP
0
Cogeneration
Reference
Cogeneration
Reference
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Parameters Influencing Profitability
1.500
Annual profit / deficit [€/a]
1.250
1.000
Operation time
Investment
Gas price
Share of own use
(5.000 h/a)
(25.000 €)
(0.047 €/kWh)
(50 %)
Feed in tariff
Electricity Price
(0.037 €/kWh)
(0.22 €/kWh
750
500
250
0
70%
-250
80%
90%
100%
110%
120%
130%
-500
Based on µCHP 5 kWel in Germany
(investment grand 2250 €, generation bonus 5.41 €ct/kWhel)
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What?
Why?
How?
Results!
Conclusions!
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Integrated Microgeneration Systems
National/International Energy Supply
Neighbourhood/Community
Building
Building
Energy
Supply
District
Heating
/Cooling
Plant
Energy
Supply
System
(Electricity,
Gas, Fuels)
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Conclusions
• Sizing of System Components and control optimization are
crucial parameters towards profitability
• Integration of a thermal storage is necessary
 Reduced losses, longer lifetime
 Core component for flexible operation
• At present optimization towards own-use of generated
electricity
• In future integration in “Smart-Grid” necessary
 Load sharing
 Integration of renewable energies
More Information?
All Annex 54 reports are available from EBC website:
www.iea-ebc.org/projects/completed-projects/ebc-annex-54
4th International Conference on MicroGeneration,
October 28-30, 2015
Tokyo, Japan
www.microgen4.info
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Thank you for your Attention
Picture: Per Balslev
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