New priority domains and possible actions for the
period 2014-2018
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
1
Table of contents
1.
Need for a GNSS Applications Action Plan .......................................................... 3
2.
Objective ................................................................................................................ 5
3.
Content ................................................................................................................... 6
I.
4.
Scope ................................................................................................................... 6
A.
The horizontal actions ..................................................................................... 6
B.
The vertical actions........................................................................................ 11
II.
Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 34
Governance .......................................................................................................... 36
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
2
1. Need for a GNSS Applications Action Plan
Today, the use of PNT signals is ubiquitous in the European economy and in daily life
and it has become increasingly difficult to revert to other technologies for the same
services. The Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) broadcasting these PNT
signals are all foreign and military owned and do not provide any guarantee that the
signals will remain available. The European economy and society have thus
developed a considerable dependence on foreign military systems. The dependence
on these systems is estimated at 6 to 7% of the European GDP1, not reflecting the
human health and lives that are dependent on PNT applications. In order to remedy
the position of dependence, the European Union decided to build a European GNSS.
In the context set out above, the European Commission has set up the European
GNSS programmes Galileo and EGNOS. By setting up the EGNOS and Galileo
systems, the European Union aims to establish the first independent global civil
satellite navigation system (hereinafter 'European GNSS).2 The European Union's
objective is that such system provides Europe with3:
1. an uninterrupted GNSS services and a strategic advantage for Europe;
2. a reinforcement of the European economic infrastructure's resilience by
providing a backup system in case of signal failure;
3. maximised socio-economic benefits for European civil society; and
4. a demonstration of Europe's ability to develop large scale space
infrastructures.
The deployment of the Galileo and EGNOS infrastructures in themselves does not
ensure independence and resilience of the European economy nor maximises socioeconomic benefits for Europe. As long as the European GNSS infrastructure is not
used, it will not have the required effects. The market uptake of Galileo and EGNOS
downstream applications is thus essential to achieve the objectives.
Hitherto, the market uptake of the European GNSS downstream applications is below
expectations. According to the most recent data of the GSA, the European industry
currently accounts for just over a fifth of the market and is estimated to account for
around a sixth of the market in 2020, while the European industry should be able to
account for around a third of the GNSS applications market according to European
Commission estimates 4. Furthermore, it has become clear that the European GNSS
will be the third or fourth GNSS available – after the US, Russian and, possibly,
1
COM(2010)308 of 14.6.2010, Impact assessment, accompanying document to the Communication of
the European Commission on Action Plan on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Applications.
2
Regulation (EC) No 683/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 July 2008 on the
further implementation of the European satellite navigation programmes (EGNOS and Galileo), OJ L
196, 24/7/2008, p. 1.
3
Commission Staff Working Paper Impact Assessment accompanying the document Proposal for a
Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on further implementation of the European
satellite navigation programmes (2014-2020); SEC(2011)1446 final.
4
Source: GSA Market report.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
3
Chinese GNSS – and that the deployment of the European GNSS is still under risks
of delays.
Therefore, to ensure market uptake, the European Commission should set up an
end-to end strategy to address the barriers encountered by the market5 which cannot
be overcome by the market itself.
In 2010, the European Commission set up a first end-to-end plan for the 2010-2013
period, the Action Plan on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Applications6
(hereinafter the 'current GNSS Applications Action Plan'). The mid-term review of the
actions undertaken under the current GNSS Applications Action Plan are set out in
the 'Assessment of the Action Plan on GNSS Applications'. While continuing the
execution of the current GNSS Applications Action Plan, the European Commission
is now contemplating the setup of a GNSS Applications Action Plan for the 20142018 period (hereinafter 'future GNSS Applications Action Plan').
Such future GNSS Applications Action Plan will contain an end-to-end plan
describing the actions which should be taken by the European Commission to
address the barriers hindering market uptake. This Action Plan does not include
regulatory measures and there are no specific funds allocated to it. It is to be seen as
the structure setting out the actions of the European Commission, and its delegates,
to increase market uptake of the European GNSS.
5
Market uptake is, in first place, a market issue which should be left, to the extent possible to the
market. However, to the extent that the functioning of the market encounters substantial barriers and
does not result in market uptake of GNSS applications, the European Union should consider to step in
within the limits of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.
6
Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European
Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions; Action Plan on Global Navigation
Satellite System (GNSS) Applications; COM(2010)308; 14 June 2010. Further information on the actions
undertaken under this plan is set out in the 'Report on the assessment of the 2010-2013 Action Plan',
Roland Berger Strategy Consultants.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
4
2. Objective
A GNSS Applications Action Plan will provide the European Commission with an
overall plan to address both horizontal and vertical barriers encountered by the
market.
Figure 1: GNSS value chain7
The actions of the future GNSS Applications Action Plan should target the entire
value chain with the exception of the providers of signal-in-space. Any possible
barriers encountered by these providers are outside the scope of the GNSS
Applications Action Plan. Further downstream the GNSS market, it is in first place the
role of the market to ensure market uptake and overcome possible barriers. However,
the European Commission should take the necessary measures to address the
barriers that the market is not able to address itself. In the GNSS product enabled
market, the barriers encountered are similar for the entire market ('horizontal
barriers'); in the GNSS service enabled market, each market segment (e.g. road, rail,
etc.) encounters different barriers ('vertical barriers').
In order to reflect both the horizontal and vertical barriers identified, the structure of
the GNSS Applications Action Plan should be divided in two parts. In a first part,
horizontal actions will be set out, while vertical actions will be set out in a second part.
Such structure is already used in the current GNSS Applications Action Plan and
during the implementation thereof, no issues were encountered raising questions on
the appropriateness of such structure.
The future GNSS Applications Action Plan should have a two-fold structure and be
divided into horizontal and vertical actions.
7
Source: Roland Berger Strategy Consultants
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
5
3. Content
I.
Scope
Based on the lessons learnt from the current GNSS Applications Action Plan, the
European Commission should focus its activities in the future GNSS Applications
Action Plan, also given the time and resource constraints for the implementation
thereof and given the fact that GNSS is a technology used in a very wide range of
sectors. Besides the package of horizontal actions addressing market-wide barriers,
the European Commission should focus its vertical actions on selected market
segments. The market segments will be selected based on their added value to
achieve the European GNSS programme objectives.
The European Commission should address market-wide barriers and focus its
activities on market-segment specific barriers to a limited number of markets.
A. The horizontal actions
Market research indicates 4 main barriers to market uptake:
-
The deployment of the European GNSS is experiencing delays and there is a
risk that Galileo will be the fourth global GNSS to reach its final operational
configuration (FOC). This has led to a lack of confidence in the market on
the deployment schedule currently communicated by the European
Commission.
-
As Galileo will be the third or fourth GNSS to reach FOC, there exists
uncertainty in the market on the added value that Galileo will bring.
-
Galileo-specific developments encounter difficulties to obtain funding.
-
Receiver manufacturers are building technologically more complex multiconstellation receivers to comply with regulations of foreign GNSS owners
aimed at imposing the use of their own system and to obtain increased quality
of service.
Three out of the above mentioned barriers are already addressed by the current
GNSS Applications Action Plan. The future GNSS Applications Action Plan should
address all four main barriers identified. The horizontal actions of the current GNSS
Applications Action Plan will be supplemented by six new actions, increasing the
effort to address the horizontal barriers.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
6
Figure 2: Overview of market-wide barriers and proposed actions
The future GNSS action plan will consist of the following continued – some in
amended form – and new actions.
1. Uncertainty in Galileo programme and planning
Increase awareness around Galileo programme and Galileo added value
Galileo will be the third or fourth operational GNSS. To stimulate market uptake of
Galileo, the market should be made aware of the existence of Galileo and of the
added value that Galileo can bring in comparison to the other operational GNSS
systems. Such awareness should be increased both with the industry and the endusers. The awareness campaign could include the set-up of a Galileo brand, clearly
setting out the added value Galileo can bring in comparison to the other GNSS
systems and in a multi-constellation environment.
Ensure consistent messages on Galileo Programme progress and planning
An awareness campaign directed at the industry should be set up to increase
confidence and knowledge on the scheduling of the Galileo deployment. This
campaign should reduce hesitance to invest in and/or progress on Galileo
developments.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
7
2. Uncertainty in Galileo added value
Continuation of the virtual information centre
Under the current GNSS Applications Action Plan, a virtual information centre was
set up in the form of the EGNOS portal and the Galileo Service Centre. These
initiatives should be continued.
Continuation of the International Applications Forum
The European Commission and the GSA have organized the Galileo Application
Days in 20108 and a second edition will be organized in 2014. This initiative should
be continued in order to provide a forum where users, developers, infrastructure
managers and systems providers can exchange views to feed into the Europe GNSS
evolution project.
Continuation of international prize mechanism
Under the current GNSS Applications Action Plan, the European Satellite Navigation
Competition9 has grown to have around 700 registrations and 400 complete ideas in
2012, originating from 24 Partner Regions in Europe, Asia, North and South America
and the Middle East Region. The applications covered cover a wide range of fields
including Mobile Location Based Services, Industry Applications and Public and
Social Services10.
In order to encourage GNSS-based innovation in the broadest possible range of
applications, this initiative for inventors should be continued.
Increase awareness among SMEs on Galileo added value and on funding
possibilities
Small and medium-sized enterprises and businesses (SMEs) are the key players in
the GNSS value chain, and the most likely to generate employment in innovative
GNSS related sectors. On top of the general awareness actions, specific actions
should be targeted at SMEs to stimulate R&D.
Alongside awareness around Galileo's added value, action should be taken to
increase SME access to funding. Initiatives should be set up to increase participation
of SMEs in the funding programmes, including guidance to increase the successful
application rate of SMEs and to promote the transition from prototyping to
commercialisation. In addition, awareness actions should be launched to increase the
SMEs knowledge on the existence of the funding programmes.
Increase awareness around Galileo programme and Galileo added value
8
http://www.application-days.eu/.
http://www.galileo-masters.eu/index.php?kat=home.html&anzeige=home.html.
10
The participants' applications fields for 2012 are: Mobile Location Based Services (35%); Smart
Moving (29%), Safety and Security (11%); Industry applications (10%), Public and Social Services (7%);
High Precision (5%) and Earth Observation & Environment (3%).
9
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
8
This action is described in point 1 above.
3. Difficulties to obtain funding
Boost the synergy between GALILEO, Copernicus, GEOSS and telecommunication
programmes it manages, with a view to enhancing combined services
As stipulated in the current GNSS Applications Action Plan, several FP7 projects
combining Galileo and other programmes such as Copernicus (formerly GMES) were
funded . To continue synergies between the different programmes, this action should
be continued.
Boost synergies with other EU funding programmes and increase awareness thereof
Several funding instruments exist at EU level, such as two instruments of the
Entrepreneurship and Innovation Programme (EIP): dedicated action by the
‘Enterprise Europe Network’, and the GNSS-innovation voucher scheme under
‘Innovation Partnership for Satellite-enabled Services’. Other funding programmes
include the investment programmes run by the European Investment Bank on behalf
of the European Union (e.g. under the Competitiveness and Innovation Programme),
and the Technology Transfer programme run by ESA. The European Union should
boost synergies with these funding programmes to increase funding for GNSS
applications and increase the awareness around these programmes in the GNSS
applications downstream market.
Increase awareness among SMEs on Galileo added value and on funding
possibilities
This action is described in point 2 above.
Allocate H2020 funding to research proposals
The European Commission allocated EUR 67.6 m spread over 3 calls11 under the
FP7 Framework Programme to GNSS application research proposals. Such support
represents an important incentive for European universities, research centres, SMEs
and large-scale industry. The European Commission should step up its effort to
stimulate GNSS application research under the H2020 programme.
4. Interoperability aspects of the multi-constellation environment
Promote industrial cooperation on chips, receivers and handsets
Under the current GNSS Applications Action Plan, the 'Technology Monitoring
Project' was launched to promote industrial cooperation with GNSS receiver
manufacturers. This platform should be continued, along other measures that seem
appropriate to promote industrial cooperation.
Fund R&D to reduce cost of Galileo-enabled multi-constellation receivers
11
FP7-Galileo-2011-GSA-1a; FP7-Galileo-GSA-1b and FP7-Galileo-2011-ENTR-1.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
9
The multi-constellation environment has increased the complexity and cost to
produce receivers. To ensure production and market uptake of Galileo-enabled multiconstellation receivers, the European Commission should fund R&D to reduce the
cost of Galileo-enabled multi-constellation receivers.
Increase awareness around Galileo programme and Galileo added value
This action is described in point 1 above.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
10
B. The vertical actions
Prioritisation of market segments
As set out above, the European Commission should focus its actions on a number of
selected market-segments. The market can be segmented along six axes, of which
type of usage and end-user industry are the most relevant ones.
Figure 3: Six axes segmenting the GNSS market
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
11
Based on these axes, the GNSS technology applications can be segmented as follows:
USAGES
INDUSTRIES
Simple positioning
LBS
Road
transport
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Navigation on foot
Mobile applications
E112
Car navigation
Telematics
Fleet mgt
E call
Real time high accuracy positioning
Rescue
services
(ambulance,
fire...)
Law
Enforcement
services
Agriculture
• Marine Navigation
(regulated)
• Marine Leisure Vessels
• Ambulance
tracking
• Pedestrian resource
mgt (police)
User positioning
authentication
Time & network
synchronization
Data broadcasting
• Intelligent Speed
Adaptation (ISA)
Robust positioning
• Weather alert
transmission
• ADAS
• Road User Charging
(including Toll collect &
PPU insurance)
• Tracking of valuable or
dangerous objects
• Tracking of valuable or
dangerous objects
• Train control
• Train supervision
• General aviation
• Commercial aviation
• Recreational flying
• Marine Navigation
(unregulated)
• Harbour docking
• Tracking of valuable or
dangerous objects
• Tracking of valuable or
dangerous objects
• Covert vehicle tracking
• (police)
• Weather alert
transmission
• Traffic alert transmission
• Truck's logs
transmission
• Weather alert
transmission
• On board navigation of
SAR units
• Alerting Beacons
• On board navigation of
SAR units
• Weather alert
transmission
• Ship's logs transmission
• Alerting Beacons
• Mission positioning
• Monitoring of fishing
vessels (Nav & VMS)
• Judiciary applications
• Machinery monitoring
Energy / Oil &
gas / Mining
• Yield monitoring &
Chemical Spraying
• Tracking of Livestock
transport
• Crisis management
• Transport of nuclear
waste
• Offshore rig positioning
• Anchor handling
• 3D positioning of Mine
machinery
Telecom
• Network synchronization
for power generation,
balancing & distribution
• Network synchronisation
Building
• Building machinery
positioning
• Map monitoring
Finance /
Insurance
Health
• Patient tracking
Environment
• Animal tracking
Surveying
• Mapping
Space
Search & Rescue
• Assistance to blind /
• disabled persons
Rail transport • Freight mgt positioning
• Fleet mgt
Aviation
• Airfield vehicles
Maritime
transport
Certified integrity
positioning
•
•
•
•
• Insurance events
authentication
• Tracking of organs
transport
• Tracking of Livestock
transport
• Crisis management
Land Environmental
Mapping & Studies
Seismic surveying
Land surveying
• Remote sensing
• Satellite & orbit
determination
• Exchange places
network synchronization
• Satellite monitoring/
navigation (ground
based)
Figure 4: Overview of GNSS applications12
12
Source: Proddage, Roland Berger Strategy Consultants
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
12
For the future GNSS Applications Action Plan, the space segment and the public services segment are out of scope. Within the
above-mentioned segmentation, 9 macro segments can be identified:
USAGES
INDUSTRIES
Simple positioning
LBS
Road
transport
1
•
•
•
2•
•
•
•
Navigation on foot
Mobile applications
E112
Car navigation
Telematics
Fleet mgt
E call
Real time high accuracy positioning
Certified integrity
positioning
• Intelligent Speed
Adaptation (ISA)
5• Marine Navigation
(regulated)
• Marine Leisure Vessels
• Ambulance
tracking
• Pedestrian resource
mgt (police)
Rescue
services
(ambulance,
fire...)
Law
Enforcement
services
Time & network
synchronization
Data broadcasting
Robust positioning
• Weather alert
transmission
• ADAS
• Train control
• Train supervision
• Fleet mgt
4• Airfield vehicles
Maritime
transport
Search & Rescue
• Assistance to blind /
• disabled persons
3• Freight mgt positioning
Rail
transport
Aviation
User positioning
authentication
• General aviation
• Commercial aviation
• Recreational flying
• Marine Navigation
(unregulated)
• Harbour docking
• Road User Charging
(including Toll collect &
PPU insurance)
• Tracking of valuable or
dangerous objects
• Tracking of valuable or
dangerous objects
• Tracking of valuable or
dangerous objects
• Tracking of valuable or
dangerous objects
• Covert vehicle tracking
• (police)
• Weather alert
transmission
• Traffic alert transmission
• Truck's logs
transmission
• Weather alert
transmission
• On board navigation of
SAR units
• Alerting Beacons
• On board navigation of
SAR units
• Weather alert
transmission
• Ship's logs transmission
• Alerting Beacons
• Mission positioning
• Monitoring of fishing
vessels (Nav & VMS)
• Judiciary applications
6• Machinery monitoring
Agriculture
Energy / Oil &
gas / Mining
• Yield monitoring &
Chemical Spraying
• Offshore rig positioning
• Anchor handling
• 3D positioning of Mine
machinery
• Tracking of Livestock
transport
• Crisis management
• Transport of nuclear
waste
Telecom
7• Network synchronization
for power generation,
balancing & distribution
• Network synchronisation
8 • Building machinery
Building
positioning
• Map monitoring
Finance /
Insurance
Health
Environment
Surveying
• Patient tracking
• Animal tracking
9• Mapping
Space
Chosen macro-segment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Land Environmental
Mapping & Studies
Seismic surveying
Land surveying
Marine surveying
Remote sensing
Satellite & orbit
determination
• Insurance events
authentication
• Tracking of organs
transport
• Crisis management
• Exchange places
network synchronization
• Satellite monitoring/
navigation (ground
based)
Out of scope
Figure 5: Identification of macro segments13
13
Source: Roland Berger Strategy Consultants
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
13
Eight of these macro-segments correspond to the segments identified by the
European GNSS Agency ('GSA') in its GNSS Market report14: Agriculture, Aviation,
Construction, LBS, Maritime, Rail, Road and Surveying15. These segments contain
the following GNSS applications:
Agriculture: GNSS devices for tractor guidance, Variable Rate Technology ('VRT')
and Automatic Steering;
Aviation: GNSS devices for commercial, regional, general and business aviation;
Construction: GNSS devices for machine-based construction devices and personbased construction devices;
Maritime: GNSS devices for the merchant maritime fleet and their GNSS
applications in the open sea;
LBS: GNSS-enabled mobile phones and services;
Rail: GNSS devices for safety critical applications, asset management and
passenger information;
Road: Personal Navigation Devices ('PND') and in-vehicle systems, supporting
navigation and other Intelligent Transport System ('ITS') applications; and
Surveying: GNSS devices for land and hydrographic surveying.
The GNSS Market Report does not cover the use of timing satellite signals by critical
infrastructures such as those used in the telecommunications and electricity industry.
In view of the importance of such infrastructures for Europe's economic resilience,
this segment will be taken into account on top of the segments identified by the GSA.
The following segments will thus be taken into account and prioritised:
 Agriculture
 Aviation
 Critical infrastructure
 Construction
 LBS
 Maritime
 Rail
 Road
 Surveying
14
GSA, 'GNSS Market Report', issue 2, May 2012, http://www.gsa.europa.eu/market/market-report, p. 4
and 35.
15
The market report does not dedicate separate chapters to rail and construction.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
14
To further prioritize the market segments for the GNSS Applications Action Plan, the
following criteria will be used:
Figure 6: Prioritisation criteria for vertical actions
Under the 'timing' criterion, it will be assessed whether the determined timeframe
2014-2018 is the appropriate timeframe to address a given market segment (1). The
'EU impact' criterion will be used to indicate the potential impact that actions of the
European Commission might have when acting in a given market segment (2). To
ensure that the market segments chosen are in line with the GNSS programme
objectives, the economic (3) and social (4) benefits that might arise in each market
segment will be analysed as well as the fact whether the market segment is critical
for the European economy (5). Finally, it will be analysed whether action in the
market segments is coherent with other EU policies (6).
These criteria are used to prioritise the market segments, not to identify the detailed
content of the actions to be taken in each market segment.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
15
To prioritise the market segment the following criteria will be used:

Timing

EU impact

Market attractiveness

Socio-economic benefits

Criticality

Coherence
a. Timing
The future GNSS Applications Action Plan is planned to cover the 2014-2018
timeframe. It should therefore focus on segments where there is a need or at least an
interest to act within this timeframe. In certain sectors such need is imminent as
windows of opportunity might be closing, while in other sectors, such need to act is
no longer pressing (e.g. there are currently no material issues blocking the market
uptake in agriculture that still need to be addressed) or is not yet pressing (e.g.
because an application would make use of services that will not be provided by the
European GNSS during the 2014-2018 timeframe or because there is no pressing
need for preparatory actions).
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
16
Figure 7: Overview of urgency of action in different market segments
In agriculture, users are currently using EGNOS solutions. During the future GNSS
Applications Action Plan further actions can be targeted at those EGNOS users,
however, there is no immediate urgency to do so. From 2018, actions targeting
agriculture will be more urgent as there will be a need to prepare the market uptake
of High Precision Positioning Service commercial services ('CS-HPPS')16.
In aviation, there is a pressing need to act in the segment during the future GNSS
Applications Action Plan timeframe. Under the implementation of the Singly Sky, the
European Commission has mandated Eurocontrol to integrate GNSS technology in
aviation17 by 2018. If this window is missed, European aircrafts and airports are likely
to implement GPS / Barometric guidance instead of the European GNSS.
Furthermore, the ICAO18 recommends19 that all EU IFR runway ends should be
equipped with APV20 (SBAS21 or BaroVNAV22) by 2016 and the draft Interoperability
16
The CS-HPPS service is estimated to be available from 2020 onwards.
Commission Implementation Regulation (EU) No 1207/2011 of 22 November 2011 laying down
requirements for the performance and the interoperability of surveillance for the single European sky
18
International Civil Aviation Organisation
19
36th assembly, October 2007, http://www.icao.int/publications/Documents/9902_en.pdf
20
Approach Procedure with Vertical Guidance
21
Satellite Based Augmentation System
22
Barometric Vertical Navigation
17
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
17
Implementing Rule on Performance Based Navigation23 foresees the mandatory
equipment of European airports with APV by 2020.
For construction and surveying, a similar reasoning as for agriculture applies: from
2018, actions will be more urgent as there will be a need to prepare the market
uptake of high precision CS-HPPS services.
In the maritime segment, urgent action is required to complete the IMO certification of
Galileo and, upon certification, take the necessary steps to inform the market of the
certification and remove any barriers hindering market uptake.
Currently, GNSS technology is barely used in rail transport in Europe. In 2012, the
GSA started activities in the rail sector. The efforts that the GSA made to insert
GNSS technology in the Baseline 3 version of the ERTMS24 were unsuccessful.
However, the European Commission, the European Rail Agency and the European
Rail sector associations signed a Memorandum of Understanding on the
strengthening of cooperation for the management of ERTMS ('MoU')25. In this MoU,
the parties recognize that in the medium term modifications could be introduced in
Baseline 3, among others, to introduce new technologies like satellite navigation
positioning. Against this background, a focus group for the European GNSS in rail
was established that will prepare the functional requirements for satellite positioning
applied to ERTMS and the definition of the standard architecture. A first version of
these requirements is planned for the end of 2013, which will be followed by work on
the architecture in 2014.
In road, urgent action is required to ensure market uptake with regard to the E-call
system26 and the digital tachographs Regulation27. Furthermore, from 2018 onwards,
actions targeting HPPS for road will be more urgent.
23
http://www.eurocontrol.int/sites/default/files/content/documents/single-sky/mandates/20120731-pbndraft-rad-v0.4.pdf
24
European Rail Traffic Management System
25
http://www.era.europa.eu/Document-Register/Documents/MoU-betweenEC-ERA-and-SectorAssociations-on-ERTMS.pdf
26
Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No …/.. of 26.11.2012 supplementing Directive 2010/40/EU
of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to the harmonised provision for an
interoperable EU-wide eCall
27
Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council
Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 on recording equipment in road transport and amending Regulation (EC)
No 561/2006 of the European Parliament and the Council; COM(2011) 451 final.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
18
To prioritise the market segments in which GNSS is used, the following classification
can be used:
Actions during 2014-2018 would be useless due to wrong timeframe
Actions during 2014-2018 would be effective, but the effect would be greater if
implemented as from 2018
Actions during 2014-2018 would be effective and the effect would be similar if
implemented as from 2018
Actions during 2014-2018 would be most effective as the implementation as from
2018 would have less effect
Actions during 2014-2018 timeframe are essential to avoid closing of windows of
opportunity
Based hereon, the following classification is obtained:
Figure 8: Classification of market segments according to urgency of action
b. Potential impact of the European Union on the market segment through
actions
The effectiveness of the European Commission's actions can significantly increase
depending on the characteristics of each market segment. One of the elements that
can increase the actions' effectiveness is the presence of EU rules obliging a market
segment to use GNSS technology and/or to use localisation or timing technology.
Another factor that affects the Commission's effectiveness is the number of
stakeholders in the given market segment – the more stakeholders need to be
addressed, the more difficult it typically gets to impact that segment. Finally, the
impact the European Commission's actions have is dependent on the differentiation,
in first place, between the European GNSS and other GNSS systems and, in second
place, between the European GNSS and other non-GNSS technologies that can be
used for the same services. If EGNOS and Galileo are better able than other GNSS
systems or non-GNSS technologies to address the market segment's needs, then the
European Commission's actions will be more effective.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
19
Figure 9: Overview of market segments with high potential impact of actions
Based hereon, the following classification is obtained:
Figure 10: Classification of market segments according to potential impact through
actions
c. Market segment attractiveness
The attractiveness of the GNSS market segments is a criterion that reflects the
economic benefits that the European Commission could achieve by increasing
market uptake. To analyse market segment attractiveness, both the current size of
the segment and the estimated growth rate until 2020 will be taken into account. The
current size of the market will give an indication of the impact the actions of the
European Commission might have in terms of economic benefits for the European
Union as well as of the relative importance of the market in the European economy.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
20
As a second factor, the estimated growth rate will be taken into account. This factor
will give an indication of the future size of the market (based on the current size) and
of the maturity of the market. A high growth rate generally indicates an immature
market. As a principle, immature markets are markets that are easier to influence and
more open for change than mature markets.
Since 2010, the GSA has been monitoring and forecasting market size and growth in
a wide range of market segments. Based on this data, the main market segment
sizes with their respective estimated growth rates can be depicted as follows:
Figure 11: Distribution of GNSS market segments28 per size and growth rate29
Figure 12: Classification of market segments according to market segment
attractiveness
28
No market information is available on the critical infrastructure segments. The growth rate of rail gives
a distorted view as this concerns a market uptake of a currently non-existing market. Growth rate is
calculated based on a current market size of EUR 1.
29
Source: GSA; Roland Berger Strategy Consultants
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
21
d. Socio-economic benefits
One of the goals of the European GNSS programmes is the maximisation of socioeconomic benefits for European society. These benefits (also referred to as indirect
benefits) are equal to the sum of benefits generated in three sources:
-
downstream market growth,
-
upstream market and spill over,
-
public utility (also referred to as social and environmental benefits or public
benefits).
The public benefits for the 27 EU countries deriving from the usage of GNSS systems
is measured by the GSA in the Public Utility Model ('PUM').
Figure 13: Overview of the PUM model elements30
Part of these GNSS generated public benefits can specifically be attributed to the
European GNSS. The added value of Galileo/EGNOS is based on 6 dimensions:
accuracy, availability, indoor penetration, authentication, integrity and EU
independence.
30
Source: GSA.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
22
Figure 14: Socio-economic GNSS benefits in Europe in 2020 [EUR m]31
Figure 15: Classification of market segments according to socio-economic benefits
f. Criticality
One of the main objectives of the European GNSS programmes is the reinforcement
of the European economic resilience. For the functioning of the European economy
and thus the resilience thereof, certain market segments are of critical importance.
In order to help prioritising the market segments, the critical character of each market
segment for the European economy will be assessed. For this assessment, the
definition of 'critical infrastructure' in Directive 2008/11432 will be used.
31
Source: GSA; EU 27 Countries, estimation for 2020
Article 2 and Annex I of the Council Directive 2008/114/EC of 8 December 2008 on the identification
and designation of European critical infrastructures and the assessment of the need to improve their
protection, O.J. L 345/75, 23/12/2008.
32
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
23
Figure 16: Classification of market segments according to critical nature
d. Coherence
The European Commission determines its vision and priorities for the coming years in
the Yearly Work Programmes and in the Multi-annual Financial Framework. When
taking action to increase GNSS applications market uptake, priority should be given
to actions that would leverage synergies with other EU policies. Such synergies will
lead to an increased efficiency or impact of EU activities. This criterion is also
reflected in the Communication on the EU Space Industrial Policy33, in which one of
the envisaged measures is the 'promotion of the use of space-based applications in
EU policies'.34
Potential domains for
regulatory actions1)
Exclusive competencies
Shared competencies
Agriculture & fisheries, excl.
conservation of marine
biological resources
Common
commercial policy
1.4 New competitiveness/
p. 5
25
SMEs
Integrated market for
card internet and mobile
payments
Trans-European
networks
1.11 Connecting Europe
Facility for ICT, energy
and transport
2.1
2.3 Sustainable agriculture
and fisheries
2.1
2.3 Competitiveness in
agriculture and fisheries
Conservation of marine
biological resources under
the common fisheries policy
2.1
2.3 Sustainable fisheries
Shared competencies
Energy
p.5 Provide a secure energy
system
Environment
2.4 Climate Action: reduction
of greenhouse gases &
Supporting competencies
Education
1.5 Education Europe, incl.
coop. between education
and entrepreneurship
Civil protection
3.6 Response to emergencies
and innovative risk
reduction
Freedom, security and
justice
37-39 energy efficiency
2.1
2.3 Competitiveness in fisheries
1.3
3.2
Eco-Innovation
Internal security
1.7 Fight against
fraud
Transport
1.4
Reference number in the
Commitments table of
MFF 2014-2020
25
Reference number in WP
2013 annex
p. 5
Page number in WP 2013
17
26
Horizon 2020 and Single
p. 6 Sky
Research, techno.
development and space
1.3 Common Strategic
p.6 Modernisation of Europe's
transport and logistics
Framework for Research
and Innovation
1) Analysis based on Lisbon Treaty, Work Programme 2013 and MFF 2014-2020
Figure 17: Overview of EU priority domains that can be supported by GNSS
To prioritise the market segments in which GNSS is used, the following classification
can be used:
33
Communication from the commission to the European Parliament, the council, the European
economic and social Committee and the committee of the regions. Eu space industrial policy. Releasing
the potential for economic growth in the space sector. COM(2013) 108 final.
34
P. 24.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
24
GNSS market uptake will have no or little effect on other EU policies
GNSS market uptake will have effect on other EU policies
GNSS market uptake will have effect on EU priorities
GNSS market uptake is essential for EU priorities
Galileo market uptake is essential for EU priorities
Based on the above, the following classification can be made:
Figure 18: Classification of market segments according to coherence with EU
policies
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
25
h. Conclusion on market segment prioritisation
The application of the six criteria results in the following prioritisation:
Road
Critical
infrastructure
Aviation
Maritime
Agriculture
LBS
Surveying
& ConsOthers1)
truction
Rail
1 Timing
2 Feasibility
3 Market
4
Social
benefits
5 Criticality
6 Coherence
Synthesis
Priority 1 segments
Priority 2 segments
Priority 3 segments
I
II
III
1) These (sub-)segments were not assessed: multimodal transport/logistics, emergency response and other professional applications
Figure 19: Illustration of the prioritisation in the chosen market segments
The future GNSS Applications Action Plan should focus on:
- Road
- Critical infrastructure
- Aviation
The efforts made in each priority segment will be in line with the rank of each
segment in the prioritisation. The focus should primarily be on the priority 1 segment,
but actions need to be rolled out in other segments as well.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
26
The tools that are available for action are around awareness, standardisation,
coordination, (pre-)regulatory measures and certification. A three-step bottom-up
approach allowed to assess which tools should be deployed and which concrete
actions are appropriate in each priority segment:
1. Build segment knowledge: gain expertise in each GNSS segment
2. Leverage stakeholders' input: build a forum with relevant EU stakeholders,
identify barriers to be removed and orientate preliminary action plan design
3. Define application strategy: determine which tools to deploy and which
concrete actions are appropriate in each priority segment
In lowest ranked segments (priority 3 segments), the European Commission will limit
its actions to awareness actions. In segments of medium rank (priority 2 segments),
the Commission will take both awareness and regulatory actions and in the highest
ranked segments, the European Commission will take a wide range of actions around
awareness, standardisation, coordination, regulatory and certification.
I
Priority 1 segments
• Road
• Critical infrastructure
• Aviation
1 Awareness
2 Standarisation
3 Coordination
4 Regulatory
5 Certification





II
Priority 2 segments
• Maritime
• Agriculture
III
Priority 3 segments
•
•
•
•
LBS
Rail
Surveying & construction
Other



Define application strategy
Leverage stakeholders' input1)
Build segment knowledge
1) Build a forum with relevant EU stakeholders, identify barriers to be removed, orientate preliminary action plan design
Figure 20: Overview of the types of actions per prioritisation segment
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
27
Actions per selected segment
Priority 1 segments
The priority 1 segments are road, critical infrastructure and aviation.
Road
Awareness
• Launch awareness campaign targeting:
– vehicle OEMs
– navigation devices OEMs
– transport companies
– application developers
– service providers
– third party operators
– professional and private drivers
Standardisation
• Explore the need for a certified in-vehicle GNSS function
• Align different transport modes in terms of adoption of electronic reporting systems and telematics
• Follow-up of E-call design
Coordination
•
•
•
•
Define vehicle OEM strategy for inclusion of E-GNSS
Define navigation device OEM strategy for inclusion of E-GNSS
Implement RUC roadmap set up with ASECAP
Coordination within transport sector on roadmap on tracing and tracking of dangerous and valuable goods with EGNSS
Regulatory
• Investigate expediency of amendments to ADR (Accord européen relatif au transport international des marchandises
dangereuses par Route) to secure uptake of GNSS in (re)routing and georeferencing in road transport
• Investigate expediency of a regulatory measure imposing the use of E-GNSS for the tracking and tracing of dangerous
goods
• Investigate expedience of a regulatory measure on on-board functional units, including E-GNSS
• Follow-up on digital tachograph Regulation
Certification
• Set up of authority, standards and procedure for Galileo certification for use in ADAS
The actions in the road segments cover a wide range of specific road transport subsegments: Road User Charging (RUC), E-call35, ADAS36, digital tachograph and
monitoring of dangerous goods.
Standardisation should be undertaken with regard to: (i) the need for a certified invehicle GNSS function for ITS37 services, (ii) the use of E-GNSS in the adoption of
electronic reporting systems and telematics and (iii) the technical guidelines for EGNSS in E-call.
Under the current GNSS Applications Action Plan a study38 is currently being
performed to investigate two issues: 'What needs to be certified in the road transport
sector?' and 'How to proceed with the pan-European certification process?'. Based on
the conclusions of this study, the necessary steps should be taken to set up an
authority, standards and procedure for the certification of Galileo for use in ADAS.
35
An electronic safety system that automatically calls emergency services in the case of a serious car
accident; http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/esafety/ecall/index_en.htm
36
Advanced Driver Assistance System.
37
Intelligent Transport System
38
'Certification process for EGNOS and Galileo for road applications', Tender Number 2012/S 114187957.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
28
The European Commission should define a strategy to ensure the inclusion of the
European GNSS by vehicle OEMs and navigation device OEMs. Furthermore, in
cooperation with the GSA, the RUC39 roadmap that has been set up with ASECAP 40
has to be implemented. As a final coordination action, the European Commission
needs to coordinate with the transport sector on the uptake of E-GNSS in tracking
and tracing of dangerous and valuable goods.
The expediency of three regulatory measures should be investigated: (i) an
amendment of the ADR41, (ii) a regulatory measure imposing the use of E-GNSS for
the tracking and tracing of dangerous goods and (iii) a regulatory measure on onboard functional units that are E-GNSS enabled. Furthermore, any required follow-up
actions regarding the pending digital tachographs Regulation42 will be undertaken.
Under the current GNSS Applications Action Plan, the European Commission has
addressed and negotiated the possible introduction of GNSS monitoring of the
transport of dangerous goods in the UNECE43. Within the UNECE, this task has been
delegated to the Telematics Working Group. In view of the global interests in this
matter and the global stakeholders, a potential agreement, if any, is a long-term
action. Alongside the continuation of the discussions at UNECE level, the expediency
of regulatory measures at EU level should be investigated. Subsequently, if such
study concludes that regulatory measures at EU level would add to the achievement
of the objectives of the European GNSS programme and is an appropriate tool to do
so, actions should be taken initiate the legislative process.
Finally, awareness should be increased with all stakeholders along the value chain.
39
Road User Charging
European Association with tolled motorways, bridges and tunnels. Association Européenne des
Concessionnaires d'Autoroutes et d'ouvrages à Péage.
41
European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
42
Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council
Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 on recording equipment in road transport and amending Regulation (EC)
No 561/2006 of the European Parliament and the Council; COM(2011) 451 final.
43
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.
40
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
29
Critical infrastructure
Awareness
• Launch awareness campaign targeting:
– energy network operators
– telecom network operators
– energy providers
– telecom service providers
Standardisation
• N/A
Coordination
• Define synchronisation device OEM strategy for
inclusion of E-GNSS
• Define Member States equipment strategy
Regulatory
• Investigate expediency of a regulatory measure
imposing the use of Galileo enabled-receivers in
critical infrastructure or imposing the exclusive use of
Galileo in critical infrastructure
Certification
• Set up of standards for certification of Galileoreceivers for network synchronisation
In view of the expected Galileo IOC in 2014-2015, the European Commission should
set up standards for certification of Galileo receivers that can be used for network
synchronization and cooperate with device OEMs to make the receivers European
GNSS enabled.
The European Commission should also define a strategy to ensure the inclusion of
the European GNSS by device OEMs and coordinate the E-GNSS adoption between
the Member States.
The expediency of regulatory measures targeting the critical infrastructure should be
investigated. In order to determine which (sub)segments constitute 'critical
infrastructure', the European Commission should in the first place consider including
the segments mentioned in Annex I of Directive 2008/114. Furthermore, as
suggested in the Directive, it should investigate whether other infrastructure, such as
ICT, should also be covered by the said possible regulatory measures. Such
measures might be notably effective to ensure the resilience of the European
economy. Subsequently, if such study concludes that regulatory measures at EU
level would help achieving the objectives of the European GNSS programme and is
an appropriate tool to do so, actions should be taken to initiate the legislative
process.
Finally, awareness should be increased with all stakeholders along the value chain.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
30
Aviation
Awareness
Standardisation
Coordination
Regulatory
Certification
• Launch awareness campaign targeting:
– airport operators
– aircraft manufacturers
– pilots
• N/A
• Define Member States EGNOS landing procedure
strategy
• Define aircraft OEMs strategy
• Define pilot training strategy
• Set up of cooperation with EASA to remove barriers in
EGNOS equipment certification process
• Investigate expediency of a regulatory measure
imposing the use of E-GNSS in aviation
• Build up of EASA E-GNSS competence
Seven actions will be undertaken in aviation.
Two actions target EASA44. The first action aims at building up the EASA E-GNSS
competence. The cooperation with EASA will also be strengthened to render the
procedure for LPV45 certification more efficient.
Furthermore, in cooperation with GSA, strategies need to be defined to increase the
number of EGNOS landing procedures throughout Europe and ensure uptake by
aircraft OEMs to include EGNOS and Galileo receivers in the aircrafts. Finally, pilots
need to be trained to efficiently and correctly use the European GNSS technology.
It is to be investigated whether a regulatory measure imposing the use of E-GNSS in
aviation, possibly similar to the regulatory measure taken by Russia, would be
possible and appropriate.
Finally, awareness should be increased with all stakeholders along the value chain.
Priority 2 segments
44
45
European Aviation Safety Agency.
Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
31
Maritime
Awareness
• Launch awareness campaign targeting:
– ship manufacturers
– nautical navigation device manufacturers
– authorities (e.g. port authorities and pilots)
– commercial ship owners
– transport companies
– fishers
Regulatory
• Investigate expedience of mandatory use of Galileo
authentication to support enforcement of Common
Fisheries Policy
Currently, fishing vessels are obliged to have a fully operational satellite-tracking
device installed on board when leaving a port46. It should be investigated whether it is
expedient to impose the use of Galileo authentication to support the enforcement of
the Common Fisheries Policy.
Next to the regulatory study, awareness should be increased with all stakeholders
along the value chain.
Agriculture
• Launch awareness campaign targeting:
– agricultural machine manufacturers
– farmers
Awareness
Regulatory
• Investigate expedience of mandatory use of Galileo
authentication to support enforcement of Common
Agricultural Policy
Currently, the use of GNSS is already allowed for the carrying out of 'on-the-spot
checks' in the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the
Council on the financing, management and monitoring of the Common Agricultural
policy47. It should be investigated whether it is expedient to impose the use of Galileo
46
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 404/2011 of 8 April 2011 laying down detailed rules for
the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 1224/2009 establishing a Community control system
for ensuring compliance with the rules of the Common Fisheries Policy.
47
2011/0288(COD), currently awaiting first reading in the European Parliament, art. 75.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
32
authentication and HPPS to support the enforcement of the Common Agricultural
Policy.
Next to the regulatory study, awareness should be increased with all stakeholders
along the value chain.
Priority 3 segments
Awareness
LBS
Rail
Surveying & Construction
• Launch awareness campaign
targeting:
– mobile device manufacturers
– application developers
– end-users
• Launch awareness campaign
targeting:
– authorities (e.g. ERA)
– network operators
– transport companies
• Launch awareness campaign
targeting:
• Device manufacturers
• Application developers
• Surveying and mapping service
providers
• End-users
• Stakeholders
In all priority 3 market segments, awareness actions need to be set up
targeting all stakeholders along the value chain.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
33
II.
Conclusion
For the 2014-2018 period, the following GNSS Applications Action Plan is
recommended:
Horizontal actions
1 Uncertainty in planning
and schedule
2
3
Galileo added value
Lack of funding
Raise awareness Galileo
programme
Virtual information center
Boost synergies GMES
Ensure consistent
messages on planning
International Applications
Forum
Boost synergies EIB
International prize
mechanism
Awareness SMEs
4 Multi-constellation
receivers
Industrial cooperation chips
and handsets
Awareness SMEs
Reduce cost of receivers
H2020
Awareness Galileo added
value in multiconstellational environment
Awareness Galileo added
value
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
34
VERTICAL ACTIONS
Road
Maritime
• Awareness targeting
airport operators,
aircraft manufacturers
and pilots
Aviation
• Launch awareness
campaign targeting:
– energy network
operators
– telecom network
operators
– energy providers
– telecom service
providers
• Launch awareness
campaign targeting:
– vehicle OEMs,
navigation devices
OEMs, transport
companies,
application
developers, service
providers, third party
operators and
professional and
private drivers
• Launch awareness
campaign targeting:
– ship manufacturers
– nautical navigation
device manufacturers
– authorities (e.g. port
authorities and pilots)
– commercial ship
owners
– transport companies
– fishers
• Launch awareness
campaign targeting:
– agricultural machine
manufacturers
– farmers
N/A
N/A
• Explore need for
certified in-vehicle
GNSS function
• Align electronic
reporting systems and
telematics
• Follow-up of E-call
design
• Define member states
EGNOS landing
procedure strategy
• Define aircraft OEMs
strategy
• Define pilot training
strategy
• Set up of cooperation
with EASA to remove
barriers in EGNOS
equipment certification
process
• Define synchronisation
device OEM strategy for
inclusion of E-GNSS
• Define Member States
equipment strategy
• Define vehicle OEM
strategy for inclusion of
E-GNSS
• Define navigation
device OEM strategy for
inclusion of E-GNSS
• Implement RUC
roadmap
• Set up of roadmap on
tracking dangerous
goods with E-GNSS
• Investigate expediency
of a regulatory measure
imposing the use of EGNSS in aviation
• Investigate expediency
of a regulatory measure
imposing the use of
Galileo enabledreceivers in critical
infrastructure or
imposing the exclusive
use of Galileo in critical
infrastructure
• Investigate expediency
of ADR amendment
• Investigate expediency
tracking of dangerous
goods regulatory
measure
• Investigate expediency
OBU regulatory
measure
• Follow-up tachograph
Regulation
• Investigate expedience
of mandatory use of
Galileo authentication to
support enforcement of
Common Fisheries
Policy
• Investigate expedience
of mandatory use of
Galileo authentication to
support enforcement of
Common Agricultural
Policy
• Build up of EASA (E)GNSS competence
• Set up of standards for
certification of Galileoreceivers for network
synchronisation
• Set up of authority,
standards and
procedure for ADAS
certification
AWARENESS
Critical infrastructure
STANDARDISATION
COORDINATION
REGULATORY
CERTIFICATION
Build segment knowledge
Agriculture
Leverage stakeholders' input
LBS
• Launch awareness
campaign targeting:
– mobile device
manufacturers
– application
developers
– end-users
Rail
• Launch awareness
campaign targeting:
– authorities (e.g. ERA)
– network operators
– transport companies
Surveying &
construction
• Launch awareness
campaign targeting:
– Device
manufacturers
– Application
developers
– Surveying and mapping service
providers
– End-users
– Stakeholders
Define application strategy
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
35
4. Governance
Figure 21: Functional organisation
The Review of the GNSS Applications Action Plan 2010-2013 concluded that the
impact of the GNSS Applications Action Plan could be increased by improving the
coordination between stakeholders. The 2 main issues identified were the lack of
commitment from other DGs and the lack of drumbeat keeping the project and
progress on track.
It is recommended to make each DG action owner of the actions that fall within its
competencies. Such commitment will require a top-down decision in each DG and
high level support within the relevant units throughout the European Commission.
The actions of these different action owners will be coordinated by the H3-unit of DG
Enterprise, who will report to an inter-service steering committee.
Each action owner will set up a detailed implementation plan, including targets,
schedule, resources, etc. and execute it. The coordination team will coordinate the
roll-out of actions, monitor progress and consolidate reporting for the inter-service
steering committee. The inter-service steering committee will challenge and validate
the implementation plans and roll-out of the actions, monitor the progress and provide
guidance. Monthly meetings should be organised between the action owners and the
coordination team. The inter-service steering committee and the coordination team
should meet on a three-monthly basis.
New priority domains and possible actions for the period 2014-2018
36