Disaster Management and
Environment Concepts
1
Session Objectives
We will discuss
• Disaster management (DM) vocabulary
• DM process and sequence
• Actors in humanitarian response
• Environmental issues associated with each
phase of a disaster
2
The Problem
• Environmental conditions often
contribute to disasters. Examples?
• Disasters can result in negative
environmental impacts. Examples?
• Relief aid can have positive or
negative environmental impact.
Examples?
• Environmental impact assessment
needs to be systematically
incorporated into disaster
management. Examples?
Environment
Disaster links
3
Disaster Management...
….is the body of policy and administrative
decisions….
….and operational activities which pertain to
the various phases of a disaster…
…at all levels.
4
Disaster “Continuum”
Disaster
Preparedness
Disaster Event
Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Development
5
Exercise: Environmental
implications of disasters
Disaster phase What happens
WWW
Environmental
Issues
Disaster event
Relief
Early recovery
Reconstruction
Disaster
preparedness
6
Environmental issues
• What environmental resources might be used?
• How might the environment be threatened or
impacted (in positive or negative ways)?
• What environmental management opportunities
might be presented?
See your workbook, page __
7
Actors in Disaster Management
Host Government
UN System
& other
agencies
Target Population
NGOs
Bi-lateral Donors
& IFIs
8
Disaster Event…
…a serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or a society causing widespread
human, material, economic or environmental
losses ….
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
9
: www.time.com/.../0,29307,1779418,00.html
10
Disaster Event…
…a serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or a society causing widespread
human, material, economic or environmental
losses ….
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
• What are the environmental issues?
11
Relief…
…the period immediately following the occurrence
of a sudden onset disaster or deteriorated slowonset situation, when exceptional measures
have to be taken to search for and rescue
survivors as well as meet their basic needs
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
12
: www.time.com/.../0,29307,1779418,00.html
13
Relief…
…the period immediately following the occurrence
of a sudden onset disaster or deteriorated slowonset situation, when exceptional measures
have to be taken to search for and rescue
survivors as well as meet their basic needs
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
• What are the environmental issues?
14
Early Recovery…
…actions that restore national capacities to
provide a secure environment, offer services,
restore livelihoods, coordinate activities, prevent
the recurrence of crisis, and create conditions for
future development.
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
15
Photo rebuilding
16
Early Recovery…
…actions that restore national capacities to
provide a secure environment, offer services,
restore livelihoods, coordinate activities, prevent
the recurrence of crisis, and create conditions for
future development.
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
• What are the environmental issues?
17
Reconstruction…
…the actions taken to reestablish a community
after a period of rehabilitation subsequent to a
disaster.
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
• What are the environmental issues?
18
Photo of construction activity
A tradesman employed by Oxfam helps to build temporary
shelter in Sri Lanka after the tsunami.
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Reconstruction…
…the actions taken to reestablish a community
after a period of rehabilitation subsequent to a
disaster.
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
• What are the environmental issues?
20
Disaster Preparedness…
…the capacities and knowledge to anticipate and
respond effectively to the impact of likely,
imminent or current hazard events.
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
21
Nine components of
Disaster Preparedness
Vulnerability
Assessment
Planning
Institutional
Framework
Information
Systems
Funding/
Resource
Base
Warning
Systems
Response
Mechanisms
Public Education
and
Training
Drills
Rehearsals
22
Disaster Preparedness…
…the capacities and knowledge to anticipate and
respond effectively to the impact of likely,
imminent or current hazard events.
• What happens in this phase?
• Who, what, where?
• What are the environmental issues?
23
Case Study
• See Handout 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 in your workbook.
24