Formal Description and Analysis of a Bounded
Retransmission Protocol
Radu Mateescu
To cite this version:
Radu Mateescu. Formal Description and Analysis of a Bounded Retransmission Protocol. RR2965, INRIA. 1996. <inria-00073733>
HAL Id: inria-00073733
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INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE
Formal Description and Analysis
of a Bounded Retransmission Protocol
Radu Mateescu
N ˚ 2965
August 1996
THÈME 1
ISSN 0249-6399
apport
de recherche
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Unit´e de recherche INRIA Lorraine, Technopôle de Nancy-Brabois, Campus scientifique,
615 rue du Jardin Botanique, BP 101, 54600 VILLERS LÈS NANCY
Unit´e de recherche INRIA Rennes, Irisa, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex
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Unit´e de recherche INRIA Rocquencourt, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex
Unit´e de recherche INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, 2004 route des Lucioles, BP 93, 06902 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS Cedex
Éditeur
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ISSN 0249-6399
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