France and Britain Clash in
America
• England and France competing to be most
powerful, fighting each other throughout world
• France controls Ohio River Valley, English colonists
want it
• Fighting over resources: fishing, farming, furs
• English afraid the colonies will become surrounded
Native Americans Take Sides
• French had many NA allies–
treated them better, lived
with and respected ways,
didn’t take land
• NA’s help French by
attacking English
settlements
• Iroquios Confederacy– most
powerful NA group, 5 large
tribes, control Great Lakes
• Side with English, throws off
balance of power
American Colonists Take Action
• Governor of VA sends young George Washington
to Ohio River Valley to tell French to get out,
laugh at him
• Washington sent back with a militia- volunteer
army, not well trained
• Told to build a fort where 3 river meet, get there
but French fort (Ft. Duquesne) already there
• Wash. throws together small Ft. Necessity nearby
and attacks
• Wash. loses, is captured, released, seen as a hero
• Meanwhile colonist unite to defend themselves and
get help from Iroquois
• Ben Franklin creates the Albany Plan of Union but
it doesn’t pass, colonies won’t give up individual
power
French and Indian War
• English colonists vs.
French and Indians
• Early part of warcolonists getting butts
kicked
• Britain sends army led by
Gen. Edward Braddock to
drive French out of Ohio
R. V.
• Braddock takes forever
(luxury stuff in wagons)
and wears red in forest
• French/Indians attack from behind trees,
Braddock and many killed, Washington leads
survivors back
• Britain learns of defeat and declares war on
France– Seven Years War begins
• Gen. William Pitt takes over, smart but runs up
huge debt fighting the war
• Pitt wants to take over Ohio R. V. and wants to
take over Canada
• His Generals are Amherst and Wolfe- they take
over Ft. Duquesne, turns into Pittsburg
Fall of New France
• Capital of New France is Quebec
• Sat atop cliff overlooking river
• Wolfe sends troops up a side path and assembles
them on Plains of Abraham outside of city
• French are defeated in America and peace
agreement signed
Treaty of Paris
• France keeps West
Indies but gives up
land in N. America
(Louisiana area and
Canada), England
now controls
Canada to Florida
• N. America now
split between
England and Spain
• Spain gives up
Florida but gets
Louisiana
Trouble on the Frontier
• More colonists push west into backcountry- pioneers
• Indian Chief Pontiac unites tribes in Great Lakes
region to fight settlers
• Pontiac wants NA’s to give up white ways
• Pontiac’s Rebellion ends after NA’s take several forts
but make no progress stopping pioneer settlers
Proclamation of 1763
• King worried about NA
attacks on colonists
• Proclamation of 1763 says
colonists can’t cross
Appalachian Mts, those
across have to come back
• Colonists ignore and
England can’t enforce