1
FIRST SEMESTER
PACS 111: Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies
This is an introductory course of Peace and Conflict studies. It discusses the evolution and
importance of ‘peace studies’ as an independent academic discipline. It explores the concept
of peace and its different dimensions (e.g. small peace, culture of peace, peace education,
peace accord, peacemaking, peacekeeping, peacebuilding and different dimensions of
violence). By studying this course, students develop critical perspectives on peace and
conflict studies, related issues and ideas. Students learn basic concept of peace, violence,
conflict and conflict management and critically engage to distinct the inter-disciplinary nature
of peace studies. To this end, students are exposed to the major classical works (Johan
Galtung, Kenneth E. Boulding, Peter Wallensteen) in order to stimulate their critical thinking
and analytical ability about the discipline and its concerned issues.
The course covers the study of peace and conflict studies: origins, history, and defining
issues; current status of peace studies; meaning and typology of peace: different dimensions
of peace; elements of the modern concept of peace; negative peace: concepts of negative
peace; building negative peace; peace through balance of power; peace creation through war
reduction; positive peace: concepts of positive peace, building positive peace, peace through
justice, and development, meaning and typology of violence: meaning and dimensions of
violence; typology of direct, structural and cultural violence; peace research: origin, nature,
and evolution of peace research; methods and level of analysis in peace research; features and
challenges of peace research; peacemaking and peacekeeping: concepts and dimensions of
peacemaking; contemporary peacemaking; concept, evolution and prospects of peace
keeping; united nations and peacekeeping; Bangladesh in un peacekeeping mission; peace
accord: meaning and nature of peace accord; different types of peace accord; peace accord
matrix; success and failure of peace accord; peace accord in the contemporary world (case
study: the CHT peace accord, the Sudan peace accord); peace education: nature and meaning
of peace education; teaching peace and learning process; scope of peace education; evolution
of Reardon’s conception of peace education; culture of peace: concepts and evolution of
culture of peace; bases of culture of peace; UNESCO and culture of peace.
Major Course Texts:
Alfred Bonisch (1981). Elements of the modern concept of peace. Journal of Peace
Research, 18 (2), pp. 65-173.
Betty A. Reardon (1988).Comprehensive peace education: educating for global
responsibility. New York: Teachers College Press.
Bouthros Bouthros-Ghali (1992). An agenda for peace: preventive diplomacy, peacemaking
and peacekeeping. Report of the UN Secretary-General, A/47/277-S/24111 (June).
David Adams, (2001). A conceptual history of UNESCO’S culture of peace programme,
culture of peace, Dhaka: United Nations Associations of Bangladesh (UNAB).
2
David P.Barash and Charles P. Webel (2002). Peace and conflict studies. London: Sage
Publications.
Gerald M. Steinberg, (2007). Postcolonial theory and the ideology of peace studies. Israel
Affairs, 13 (4), pp. 786–796.
Ho-Won. Jeong (2002). Peace and conflict studies: an introduction, England: Ashgate
Publishing.
Islam, Md. Rafiqul Islam (2006), Peace studies: evolution and prospects. Social Science
Review: 23(1), pp. 117-138.
Johan Galtung (1990). Cultural violence. Journal of Peace Research, 27 (3), pp. 291-305
John Darby and Roger Mac.Ginty (2003). Contemporary peacemaking: conflict, violence and
peace processes. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Joseph de. Rivera (2004). Assessing the basis for a culture of peace in contemporary
societies. Journal of Peace Research, 41(5), pp.531-548.
Kenneth E. Boulding, (1978). Future directions in conflict and peace studies. Journal of
Conflict Resolution, 22 (2), pp. 342-354.
Loreta Narro-costro, and Jasmin Narrio-Galance (2008). Peace education: a pathway to
culture of peace. Philippines: Centre for Peace Education, Miriam College.
Luc Reychler (2006). Challenges of peace research. International Journal of Peace Studies,
11(1), pp. 1-16.
Md. Touhidul Islam (2013). Peace and conflict studies: evolution of an academic discipline.
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (Hum.), 58(1), pp. 129-155.
Michael Stohl and Mary Chamberlain (1972). Alternative features of peace research. The
Journal of Conflict Resolution, 16 (4), pp. 523-530.
Paul D. Williams ed. (2008). Security studies: an introduction. London: Routledge
Publishers.
Paul Smoker, Ruth Davies and Barbara Munske eds. (1990). A reader in peace studies, New
York: Pergamon Press.
Peter Wallensteen, ed. (1998). Peace research: achievements and challenges. Boulder:
Westview Press.
R. J. Rummel, (1981. Understanding conflict and war, Vol.5, London: Sage Publications.
R. P. Veerabhadrappa (2007). Teaching of peace and conflict resolution. New Delhi: Locus
Press.
Santi Nath Chattopadhyay ed. (2005). World Peace: problems of global understanding of
harmony, Kolkata: Punthi Pustale.
United Nations (2011). Basic Facts about United Nations, New York: United Nations
Department of Public Information.
3
†gvt iwdKzj Bmjvg, †gvnv¤§` kvnxbyi Avjg, AbyivM PvKgv, (AvM÷, 2013), kvwšÍ I
msNl©© Aa¨qb, XvKv: wS‡Odzj.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 112: Concept and Analysis of Conflict
This course explores the conceptual areas of conflict. As an introductory course of Peace and
Conflict Studies, it analyzes various types and stages of conflicts. The core objective of this
course is to get a critical perspective of conflict. However, a broader objective is to provide
an overall understanding of conflict and related issues and ideas. Besides, it focuses on
learning about the conflict management techniques. Students complete major classical works
and engage in developing a critical thinking through simulation and other individual
academic works in the class.
The course covers the meaning and definition of conflict, differences between competition
and conflict; issues of conflict; sources, formation, and components of conflict; conflict
triangle and conflict rectangle; stages of conflict; condition (nature) and characteristics
(sources) of conflict; causes and consequences of conflict; theoretical dimensions of conflict;
different types of conflict: psychological and interpersonal, intra-group and intergroup,
societal, ethnic, domestic and international, intrastate and interstate; geopolitics and conflict;
conflict mapping; conflict settlement, conflict management, and conflict resolution; model of
conflict analysis: the onion model, the historical timeline, the conflict three; domestic
conflicts in Bangladesh; Bangladesh-India conflict; Bangladesh-Myanmar conflict.
Major Course Texts:
C. R.Mitchell (1981). The structure of international conflict. London: The Macmillan Press.
Fisher, S. (2000). Working with conflict: skills and strategies for action. Zed books.
Jeong, H. W. (2008). Understanding conflict and conflict analysis. London: Sage
Publications.
Oliver Ramsbotham, Miall Hugh, and Tom Woodhouse (2011). Contemporary conflict
resolution. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Paul Smoker, Ruth Davies and Barbara Munske eds. (1990). A reader in peace studies. New
York: Pergamon Press.
Peter Wallensteen (2002).Understanding conflict resolution. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Sandole, D. J., Byrne, S., Sandole-Staroste, I., & Senehi, J. (2008). Handbook of conflict
analysis and resolution. New York: Routledge.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
4
PACS 113: Fundamentals of Politics
This course discuses basic ideas about politics and introduces students to the core concepts of
political science. By exposing students to the major theories of political science, it helps
develop insights and analytical ability to critically think about the ‘state’ and the ‘society’
which are the central focus of Peace and Conflict Studies. Students learn fundamental
knowledge about politics and political science and implicate those to their practical learning
in peace studies.
The course covers the meaning of and nature of politics/political sciences; theoretical and
applied aspects of politics and scope of studying politics; essence of studying politics and
government (to the students of peace and conflict studies); state: concept and emergence of
the nation state system, state and society (Marx, Durkheim and Weber), state, culture and
emergence of political system; government: concepts of government meaning and basis of
authority of government, forms government, nexus between politics and government;
sovereignty: approaches/theories of sovereignty, current debate over sovereignty and state
boundary; constitution: meaning and classification of constitutions, features of ideal
constitutions, separation of power: concepts and theories; approaches to the study of politics:
traditionalism, behaviouralism, structuralism, structural functionalism; political parties:
meaning, nature, role of political parties in a state, political culture, political socialization and
political development; good governance: meaning and basic features of good governance,
state of governance in Bangladesh, issues and challenges of good governance in Bangladesh.
Major Course Texts:
Ahmed Shafiqul Haque (2013). Problems and prospects of good governance in Bangladesh.
in Vartola, Juha, et.al. ed. (2013). Good governance in South Asia. Dhaka:Osder.
Bertrand Badieand Pierre Birnbaum (1983). The sociology of the state. (Translated by Arthur
Goldhammer). London: University of Chicago Press.
A. C. Kapur,(2014). Principles of political science. New Delhi: S.Chand & Company Ltd.
D. Easton (1953). The political system: an inquiry into the state of political science. New
York: Alfred A. Knopf.
G.A. Almond and G B Powell (1966). Comparative politics: a development approach. Little
Brown.
Hans J. Morgenthau (1964). Understanding politics. In the decline of democratic politics.
Chicago and London:The University of Chicago Press. (Part 1), pp.07-54.
Harry Eckstein, and Apter David E. eds. (1968). Comparative politics: a reader. Florence:
The Free Press.
J. P. Nett (1968). The state as a conceptual variable. World Politics, XX, pp.63-107.
Malcolm Wallis (1993). Political Environment (Chapter 3). In Bureaucracy: its role in third
world development. London: McMillan.
5
Mohammad Mohabbat Khan (2009). From government to governance (Chapter. IV)/ Dhaka:
University Press Limited.
Munshi Sharif Uzzaman (2005). Rashtrobigyan porichiti (Introduction to Political Science),
Dhaka: Millennium Publications.
P.Chandra (1998). International politics. New Delhi:Vikask Publishing House.
R. Hague and M. Harrop (2004). Political culture in comparative government and politics:
an introduction, London: Palgrave McMillan.
R.C. Agarwa (2005). Political theory, New Delhi: S. Chand & Company Ltd.
Raymond Garfield Gettell (1956). Political science, Calcutta: The World Press Private Ltd.
S. Krasner (1988). Sovereignty: an institutional perspective. Comparative Political Studies,
21(1), pp.66-69.
Syed Sirajul Islam ,(2002). Rashtrobigyan (Political Science). Dhaka: Hasan Book House.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 114: Bangladesh Studies
This course has been designed to help the students in obtaining comprehensive idea about the
history, culture and heritage of Bangladesh. It will introduce students to the economy,
society, politics, diplomacy and foreign policy of Bangladesh. Students will learn about the
challenges and potentials of Bangladesh in shaping its peaceful and sustainable future.
Students learn about roles and contribution of Bangladesh in the regional and international
bodies.
The course covers political history of Bangladesh: ancient period, Muslim period, British
period, Pakistan period; emergence of Bangladesh: proclamation of independence, liberation
war, nation-building in the new state; Bangladesh politics: the ideals, philosophy and
amendments of Bangladesh constitution, political and ethnic conflicts, issues of governance
of Bangladesh; Bangladesh economy: some socio-economic issues, internal trade and
external trade; geography and environment of Bangladesh: geographical setting,
environmental hazards and environmental challenges of Bangladesh; foreign policy of
Bangladesh: foreign policy-decision-making process, objectives, realities and challenges of
Bangladesh foreign policy; Bangladesh in international politics.
Major Course Texts:
A M A Muhith (1999). Issue of governance: reorganizing government in Bangladesh. In
Bangladesh in the twenty-first century: towards an industrial society. Dhaka: University
Press Limited.
Abul Barkat (2013). Political economy of fundamentalism in Bangladesh. Dhaka: University
of Dhaka.
6
Bertil Litner (2003). The plight of ethnic and religious minorities and the rise of Islamic
extremism in Bangladesh [pdf]. [online] Asia Pacific Media Service: Availabe at:
http://www.asiapacificms.com/services/
Dr.Mohammad Johurul Islam and Syed Sarfaraj Hamid (2007). Human rights and corruption.
In Dr. Mizanur Rahman ed. (2007). Alleviating corruption in Bangladesh: an agenda for
good governance. Dhaka: Empowerment through Law of the People (ELCOP), pp. 95-109.
G.H. Peiris (1998). Political conflict in Bangladesh, Ethnic Studies Report, Vol. XVI(1).
Harouner Rashid (2005). Internal trade and external trade. Economic Geography of
Bangladesh. Dhaka: The University Press, pp. 151-162.
Harunur Rashid (2012). Bangladesh foreign policy. In Bangladesh foreign policy: realities,
priorities and challenges. (2nd edition). Dhaka: Academic Press and Publishers Library, pp.
25-37.
K. B. Sajjadur Rashid (2008). Environmental hazards. In Bangladesh: resources and
environmental profile. Dhaka: A H Development Publishing House.
Md. Abdul Halim (2010). Amendment of the constitution of Bangladesh Constitution,
constitutional law and politics: Bangladesh perspective. Dhaka: CCB Foundation.
Muhammad Shamsul Huq (1995). Roots of Bangladesh: an overview. In Bangladesh in
international politics. Dhaka: The University Press Limited.
Rounaq Jahan (2005). Ten years of Ayub Khan and the problem of national integration. In
Bangladesh politics: problems and issues. Dhaka: The University Press Limited.
Tariq Karim and C. Christine Fair (2007). Bangladesh at the crossroads, Special Report 181,
USA: United States Institute of Peace.
Zaglul Haider (2008). Foreign policy decision-making process in Bangladesh. In The
changing pattern of Bangladesh foreign policy: a comparative study of Mujib and Zia
regimes. Dhaka: University Press Limited.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
7
SECOND SEMESTER
PACS 121: Approaches to and Analyses of Peace Theories
This course, in general, explores different approaches and theories of peace and peace
studies. It discusses topical issues that remain as the key concern of peace researchers over
the past 50 years. Students learn key approaches of peace studies and transform topical issues
into research questions. To this end, they acquire substantial knowledge about the major
school of thought – realism, liberalism, Marxism and feminism.
The course covers the philosophical perspectives on peace: social contact and peace –
Thomas Hobbes, John Lock and Jean-Jacques Rousseau; alternative concepts of peace – R J
Rummel’s conceptions of peace; peace through distribute justice – Bentham, Rawls; peace
through deflection of aggression – Freud; realist agenda for peace: realism, liberalism and the
possibilities of peace; capitalist peace; liberalism and peace: liberalism and democratic peace;
democratic peace theory; debating the democratic peace; Marxism and peace: Marxist
agendas for peace; Marxist theory of war and peace; a structural theory of imperialism –
Johan Galtung; perpetual peace: idea of perpetual peace; Immanuel Kant’s doctrines
concerning perpetual peace; peace-building and peace process: various concepts of peace;
peace-building and human security: a constructive perspective; defining peace process;
ingredients of peace process; theory and practice of peace process; peace and development:
meaning and evolution of development; Amartya Sen concepts of development; neo-liberal
concepts of development and violence; development theory – Johan Galtung; non-violence
and peace: philosophy of Gandhi, martin Luther King, Jr. feminism and peace: meaning of
gender and feminism; feminist discourse of peace; peace and power relation; concepts,
techniques and women’s perspective on peace and security, religion and peace: different
religious views on peace; influence of religious legitimacy on grievance formation;
Huntington’s theory of clash of civilization.
Major Course Texts:
Abdur Rob Khan ed. (1999). Rethinking the concept of peace process. BIISS Journal, 20(4),
pp. 437-464.
Abul Kalam Azad ed. (2000). The Middle East peace process and the Palestine statehood.
BIISS Papers. Dhaka: Bangladesh Institute of International and Strategic Studies.
Andrew Heywood (2007). ‘Feminism’, political ideologies. 4th ed. New York: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Anima Bose (1981). A Gandhian perspective on peace. Journal of Peace Research, 18(2):
159-164.
Daniel J.Christie, Richard V. Wagner and Deborah Du Nann Winter eds. (2001). Peace,
conflict and violence: peace psychology for the 21st century, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
8
Earl Morgan-Conteh (2005). Peace-building and human security: a constructive perspective.
International Journal of Peace Studies, 10(1), pp. 69-86.
Howard P. Kainz(1987). Philosophical perspectives on peace: an anthology of classical and
modern sources, New York: MacMillan.
Howard Willams (1992). International relations in political theory. Buckingham: Open
University Press.
J. F. Craeford (1925). Kant’s doctrines concerning perpetual peace. The Monist, 35(2), pp.
296-314.
James Bingham (2012). How accurate is democratic peace theory?[online]. Available at:
http://www.e-ir.info/2012/06/01/how-accurate-is-democratic-peace-theory/
Johan Galtung (1971). A structural theory of imperialism. Journal of Peace Research, 8(1),
pp. 81-117.
Johan Galtung (1996). Peace by peaceful means: peace and conflict, development and
civilization. UK: Sage Publications.
Jon Bernett (2008). Peace and development: towards a new synthesis. Journal of Peace
Research, 45(1), pp. 75-89.
Jonathan Fox (1999). The influence of religious legitimacy on grievance formation by ethnoreligious minorities. Journal of Peace Research, 36(3), pp. 289-307.
Kant Immanuel (1975). Perpetual peace: a philosophical sketch. [online]. Available at:
http://www.beyondintractability.org/library/external-resource?biblio=9647
Karel Kára (1968). On the Marxist theory of war and peace. Journal of Peace Research,
5(1). Pp. 1-27.
Michael E. Brown, Sean M. Lynn-Jones, and Steven E. Miller eds. (1997). Debating the
democratic peace. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Oliver P. Richmond (2008). Peace in international relations, New York: Rutledge.
Robert Elias and Jannifer Turpin eds. (1994). Rethinking peace, Boulder: Lynne Rienner
Publishers.
Salim Rashid ed. (2003). The clash of civilizations? Asian Responses, Dhaka: The University
Press Limited.
World Encyclopedia of Peace (1986). New York: Pergamon Press.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
9
PACS 122: Theories and Practices of Conflict Resolution
The course is set to provide a comprehensive understanding of the major conflict resolution
theories to the students and also practically train them the skills of conflict resolution in
interpersonal, professional, community, and social levels. Students simulate real life conflict
in the class room and learn through that process.
The course covers the understanding of conflict resolution: defining conflict resolution,
peace; research and conflict resolution, limits of conflict resolution; approaches to conflict
resolution: the evolution of conflict analysis, conflict dynamics; synthesizing conflict
resolution; analyzing conflict resolution: basic and complex level analysis, the role of the
state; conflict resolution between the states: armed conflict and peace accords between the
states, conflict resolution: geopolitik, conflict resolution: idealpolitik and capital politik,
interstate conflict resolution; theoretical analysis: conflict transformation, termination and
management; different forms of conflict and conflict resolution: interpersonal conflictcompromising mind, confidence building measures (CBM); ethnic conflict- state actors,
united nations, forums, international court of justice; alternative dispute resolution (ADR):
significance and scope.
Major Course Texts:
Alexander L. George ed. (1991). Problems of crisis management. Boulder: Westview Press.
Anima Bose ed. (1991). Peace and conflict resolution in the world community, New Delhi:
Vikas Publishing House.
B. D.Donta (1996). Conflict resolution among peaceful societies: the culture of peacefulness.
Journal of Peace Research, 33 (4), pp. 403-420.
C. R. Mitchell (1981). The structure of international conflict. London: Macmillan Press.
D. Druckman, Bonndary (1977). Role Conflict: Negotiation as dual responsiveness. Journal
of Conflict Resolution, 21, pp. 6339-62.
Hugh Maill, Oliver Ramsbotham, Tom Woodhouse (1999). Contemporary conflict
resolution. Cambridge: Polite Press.
J. Bereovitch ed. (1996). Resolving international conflict: the theory and practice of
mediation. Boulder: Lynne Rinner Publisher Inc.
J. W. Burton and F. Dulkes (1990). Conflict practices in management, settlement and
resolution. MacMillan.
J. W. Burton (1990). Conflict resolution and provention. Hampshire: MacMillan.
Johan W. Barton 1984). Global conflict: the domestic source of international crisis, Brighton,
Sussex: Wheatsheaf Books.
Jurton, J. W. ed. (1993). Conflict: human need theory. Palgrave MacMillan
10
K. J. Holsti (1996). The state, war and the state of war. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
K. Volden and D. Smith eds. (1997). Causes of conflict in the third world. Oslo: North-South
Coalition & International Peace Research Institute.
Mitchell, Christopher and Banks, Michael (1996). Handbook of conflict resolution: the
analytical problem-solving approach. New York: Pinter.
Moonis Ahmar, and Farhan H. Siddiqui (2001). Chronology of confidence building measures
in South Asia (1947-2000). Karachi: Program on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution,
University of Karachi.
Moonis Ahmar, and Farhan H. Siddiqui eds. 2001). The changing nature of conflict
resolution and security in 21st century. Karachi: Program on Peace Studies and Conflict
Resolution, University of Karachi.
Peace Security and Conflict Prevention (2003). SIRRI-UNESCO handbook. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Peter Wallensteen (2002). Understanding conflict resolution; war, peace and the global
system. London: Sage Publication Inc.
W. J. Dixon (1994). Democracy and peaceful settlement of international conflict. American
Political Science Review, 88(1), pp.14-32.
William R Kintener (1962). Peace and the strategy of conflict. Praeger.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 123: Human Rights in a Changing World
The course provides a rigorous and critical introduction to the foundation, structure and
operation of the international human rights regime. It discusses different theoretical debates
and policy issues that implicate human rights with development, democracy promotion and
protection of human rights in an era of globalization. It draws upon different national and
international mechanisms which monitor, implement and enforce human rights. It focuses on
the rights of specific categories of persons such as children, women and indigenous people.
Students acquire critical skills and develop deeper understanding about the changing trends of
the global human rights regime, the actors and associated interests of this regime. Students
are expected to explain key concepts of human rights and achieve greater level of awareness
in protecting and promoting human rights.
The course covers the understanding human rights, concept and definition of human rights,
interdisciplinary area of study, development of human rights; theoretical framework;
international bill of human rights; human rights politics in the international arena; human
rights and democracy; human rights and development; terrorism and human rights;
globalization and human rights; women’s rights, minority rights; implementation of human
rights; hr in Bangladesh.
11
Major Course Texts:
Azizur Rahman Chodhury and Jahid Hossain Bhuiyan eds. (2010). An introduction to
international human rights law. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers (Brill Publishers).
Donnelly, J. (2013). Universal human rights in theory and practice. USA: Cornell University
Press.
Freeman, M. (2011). Human rights: an interdisciplinary approach. Polity Press.
Goodhart, M. (2013). Human rights: Politics and practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Jack Donnelly (2007). International human rights. Colorado: Westview press.
P Sukumar Nair(2011). Human rights in a changing world. India: Kalpaz Publication.
Pollis, A., & Schwab, P. (2000). Human rights: new perspectives, new realities. London:
Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Rhona K. M. Smith, (2010). Textbook on international human rights. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
PACS 124: Introduction to International Studies
This course discusses key concepts associated with international studies, including nation,
culture and globalism. Its primary aim is to develop students’ learning skills through
readings, discussion, examinations, and assignments. It encourages intellectual growth and
stimulates students’ critical thinking. Students develop deeper understanding about the actors,
processes, and events of the international systems from multiple perspectives. It equips
students with learning tools that help them understand and interpret the world and ultimately
develop their own judgment about the system. Students identify key distinction among
various core disciplines and learn about their implication for understanding the world. This
diverse knowledge helps students think beyond disciplinary boundaries and make
interdisciplinary connection in learning about the contemporary international system. After
completing the course, students are expected to achieve a greater level of global awareness
and to understand the complex relationships among the global, regional, national and local
systems.
The course covers the study of the major disciplines of international studies: history,
geography, anthropology, economics, and political science; interdisciplinary approaches to
regional and international affairs; contemporary global issues; international politics:
definition, nature, major views and dimensions; evolution of the international political
system: classical and contemporary period; international politics and power struggle: eastwest, north-south, middle east and the struggle over oil; actors in international politics:
national government, non-state and international governmental actors; states and their
settings: great powers and lesser states, state and international corporation; state and conflict:
economic, ideological, racial, security and conflict; international politics and instrument of
conflict: secret intelligence, economic sanctions and propaganda; geopolitics and
12
international system: definition, importance and geopolitical strength and weakness of
Bangladesh.
Major Course Texts:
G. R. Berridge (1987). International politics: states, power and conflict since 1945, Sussex:
Wheatsheaf Book.
K. J. Holsti (1977). International politics: a framework for analysis. Landon: Prentice Hall.
Muhammad Shamsul Huq (1987). International politics: a third world perspective. Dhaka:
Academic Publishers.
N. J Rengger (2000). International relation, political theory and the problem of order.
London: Routledge.
R.T. Jangam (1970). An outline of international politics. New Delhi: Allied Publishers.
Sheldon Anderson, Jeanne A. K. Hey, Mark Allen Peterson, and Stanley W. Toops eds.
(2013). International studies: an interdisciplinary approach to global issues. Boulder:
Westview Press,
William.D. Goplin (1980). Introduction to international politics. London: Prentice Hall.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
13
THIRD SEMESTER
PACS 211: Security Studies
Security studies is an inter-disciplinary course in terms of theories and practices. The prime
concern of the course is to disseminate knowledge about the core issues of security studies –
traditional and non-traditional. It looks into developing students’ understanding of underlying
security values and holistic nature of security threats. Students begin to recognize diverse
security issues and explore it form a gender, environmental, cultural and transitional
perspective. They analyze neo-security threats both at home and abroad. It improves their
knowledge about concept and issues of security along with developing comprehensive
thinking about the issues and factors that lead to the state of insecurity. Moreover, students
begin to learn security –insecurity dilemma of South Asia and explore mechanisms that might
contain it.
The course covers the study of Introduction to security studies, understanding and defining a
field of inquiry: four fundamental questions; theoretical approaches: realism; classical
realism; neo-realism; understanding the perspectives of security: traditional and nontraditional – South Asian perspective; small states debate: issues and challenges of security,
regional stability in South Asia, issues and challenges of Bangladesh national security;
collective security: origin and the its contemporary trends, the case of league of nations;
conceptualization of human security; the case of South Asia, water sharing issues in South
Asia and its impacts on national security of Bangladesh: nuclearization and regional security
in South Asia; globalization and economic security; security and development; environment
and security; security issues in the 21st century.
Major Course Texts:
Abdul M. Hafiz and Khan, Abdur Rob, eds. (1987). Security of small states. Dhaka:
University Press Limited.
Abdur Rob Khan eds. (2001). Globalization and non-traditional security in South Asia.
Dhaka: Academic Press and Publishers Ltd.
B. Buzan (1987). An introduction to strategic studies: military technology and international
relations. New York: MacMillan in association with the International Institute for Strategic
Studies.
David W. Ziegler (1984). War peace and international politics. Boston: Little Brown.
Humayun Kabir ed. (2005). Small states and regional stability in South Asia. Dhaka:
University Press Limited.
Jessica Tuchman Mathews (1989). Redefining security. Foreign Affairs 68(2), pp. 162-177.
Mohammad Humayun Kabir ed. (2005). Small states and regional stability in South Asia.
Dhaka: University Press Ltd.
14
Paul D. Williams ed. (2008). Security studies: an introduction. London: Routledge.
Regina Cowen Karp ed. (1992); Security without nuclear weapon? different perspectives on
non-nuclear security. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
S. Robert McNamara (1968). The essence of security: reflections in office. Harper & Row
Publishers.
Talukdar Maniruzzaman (1982). The security of small states in the third world. Australia:
The Strategic and Defense Studies Center, Australian National University.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 212: State and Violence
There seems to be an inherent tension between state and human rights and a dichotomy often
arises between a state in theory and in practice. In this line of thinking, this course addresses
a range of issues and provides students with conceptual tools for exploring the causes and
conditions of state repression, violence and crime. By exposing students to multiple
paradigms for understanding state’s coercive actions, the course encourages critical
contemplation on influential theories about repression and political violence as well as
intellectual engagement with the challenges states facing in the present time. Through
readings and debates and by combining theory with application, the course encourages
students’ creative thinking about how to make state more caring to life and wellbeing of its
citizens.
The course covers the study of concept and elements of state, theories of state, types and
functions of state; understanding violence; concept and types of state violence; theories of
state crime and police violence; security forces and extra-judicial killing, minority repression,
mass killing and genocide; state sponsored terrorism: concepts and theories; evaluation of
international human rights law and international criminal court and the control of state crime.
Major Course Texts:
Barry McLoughlin, & Kevin McDermott eds. (2004). Stalin’s terror: high politics and mass
repression in the Soviet Union. New York: Palgrave
Bruce B. Lawrence and Aisha Karim eds. (2007). On violence: a reader. USA: Duke
University Press.
Commission on Human Security (2003). Human security now (Chapter 1). Washington D.C.:
Commission on Human Security, pp. 1-19.
Daniel Byman (2005). The deadly connections: states that sponsor terrorism. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
15
Dawn Rothe and Christopher W. Mullins eds. (2011). State crime: current perspectives.
USA: Rutgers University Press.
Donatella Della Porta, and Herbert Reiter, eds. (1998). Policing protest: the control of mass
demonstrations in western democracies. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
Gregg Barak, ed. (1991). Crimes by the capitalist state: an introduction to state criminality.
Albany: State University of New York Press.
Michael Stohl and George A. López eds. (1986). Government violence and repression: an
agenda for research. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
Narayanan Ganesan and Sung Chull Kim, eds. (2013). State violence in East Asia. Kentucky:
University Press of Kentucky.
P. Timothy Bushnell, Vladimir Shlapentokh, Christopher K. Vanderpool, and Jeyaratnam
Sundram, eds. (1991). State organized terror: the case of violent internal repression.
Boulder, CO: Westview
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 213: Gender, Conflict and Peace-building
Students will learn about gender as a social construct and see how it is relevant to the
students of peace and conflict studies. They will be able to revisit the basic ideas of peace and
conflict by using gender as a lens. This course will acquaint students with the basic ideas of
feminism. They will learn to use power as an analytical tool in the study of a spectrum of
gender-based violence during peacetime and various manifestations of conflict in the postconflict period. Students get an understanding of the unique experiences and specific needs of
women during these periods and the various ways they relate to these situations, as well as
the concerns of men which remain largely unaddressed.
The course covers the study of the concept of gender as social construct with reference to
nature/nurture debate, gender inequality from a social relations angle, gender justice; war and
violence as a gendered phenomenon; different expectations, experiences and options faced by
men and women during armed conflict; re-constructing masculinity; spectrum of genderbased violence during peace, conflict and post-conflict reconstruction: gender mainstreaming
in peace-building.
Major Course Texts:
A. El Jack (2003). Gender and armed conflict. Brighton: Institute for Development Studies,
University of Sussex.
Cohn, C., & Enloe, C. (2014). A conversation with Cynthia Enloe: feminists look at
masculinity and the men who wage war. Signs, 40(1), pp. 1187–1207.
16
Ducat (2004). The wimp factor: gender gaps, holy wars, and the politics of anxious
masculinity. Massachusetts: Beacon Press Books
E. Rehnand, E. J. Eirleaf eds. (2002). Women, war and peace: the independent experts’
assessment on the impact of armed conflict on women and women’s roles in peace-building.
New York: UNIFEM
Enloe, C. (1998). All the men are in the militia, all the women are victims: the politics of
masculinity and femininity in nationalistic wars. In L. A Lorenzen & J Turpin eds. The
women and war reader. New York: New York University Press, pp.50-62.
Enloe, C. (2000). Maneuvers: the international politics of militarizing women's lives.
California: University of California Press.
Hague, E. (1997). Rape, power and masculinity: the construction of gender and national
identities in the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Gender and Catastrophe, pp.50-63.
Joshua S. Goldstein (1996). A puzzle: the cross-cultural consistency of gender roles in war.
Journal of Peace Research. 33(1).
Joshua S. Goldstein (2001). War and gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp.158.
Lorentzen, Lois Ann, and Jennifer E. Turpin (1998). The women and war reader. New York:
New York University Press.
Lynne Segal (2008). Gender, war and militarism: making and questioning the links. Feminist
Review, 88(1), pp. 21-35.
Meredith Turshen, (2005). The political economy of rape: an analysis of systematic rape and
sexual abuse of women during armed conflict in Africa. In Caroline O.N. Moser, and Fiona
C. Clark eds. Victors, perpetrators or actors: gender, armed conflict and political violence
London and New York: Zed Books, pp. 30-51,
Nagel, J. (1998). Masculinity and nationalism: gender and sexuality in the making of
nations. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 21(2), pp.242-269.
Nikolić-Ristanović, V. (1998). War, nationalism, and mothers in the former Yugoslavia. The
women and war reader, pp. 234-39.
R.Connell (1995). Masculinities (2nd edition). USA: University of California Press.
Ruth Seifert (1993). War and rape: analytical approaches. Switzerland: Saphhire Press.
W. Bracewell (2000). Rape in Kosovo: masculinity and Serbian nationalism. Nations and
Nationalism 6(4), pp.563-90.
Yasmin Saikia (2011). Women, war and the making of Bangladesh: remembering 1971,
Durham: Duke University Press,
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
17
PACS 214: International Law and Dispute Settlement
This course looks into the aspects of international law and conflict resolution. It serves three
purposes: students learn how international law can settle interstate dispute; why the study of
international law is important in Peace and Conflict Studies and what are the gaps between
theory and practice. They learn basic ideas of international law, sources of international law
and norms and principles of international law. It explores the functions of international
organizations mandated to resolve inter-state dispute through application of international law.
The course covers the study of the introduction to international law: definition and concept of
international law, typology of international law; historical development of international law:
international law in ancient period and middle ages, international law in the 19th and 20th c
century, international law in the current world system; sources and subject matters of
international law; theories of international law: naturalist school, positivist school, eclectic
school; different international laws: recognition of states and government, international law
concerning territory, the law of air space, the law of the sea, international law relating to
jurisdiction, state responsibility under international law, international environmental law, the
law of treaties; politics of international law: international law-making process, unequal power
and the shaping of international legal order, rationality of international law; international law
and dispute settlement: settlement of disputes through peaceful means, international law and
the use of force, legalized dispute resolution: interstate and transnational; case study:
settlement of Bangladesh-Myanmar maritime dispute, Indo- BD border resolution and water
dispute; boundary disputes in Latin America, settlement of interstate water disputes in India
and settlement of interstate water disputes in the United States.
Major Course Texts:
Anthony Anghie (2006).The evolution of international law: colonial and post-colonial
realities. Third World Quarterly, 27(5), pp. 739-753.
Daniel Seligman (2011). Resolving interstate water conflicts: a comparison of the way India
and United States address disputes on interstate rivers. [Online]. Available at:
http://lkyspp.nus.edu.sg/iwp/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2013/04/IWP_2011_WP002.pdf
Diyonsia-Theodora Avgerinopoulou (2003). The role of international judiciary in the
settlement of environmental disputes. New Haven: Yale Center for Environmental Law and
Policy.
Dr. H. O. Agarwal (2010). International law and human rights. In central law publications
(7th edition), pp. 1-14.
Jorge I. Dominguez, boundary disputes in Latin America, United States of Peace [pdf.].
Available at: http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/resources/pwks50.pdf
Malcolm N. Shaw , (1998). International law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Martti Koskenniemi (2009). The politics of international law-20 years later. The European
Journal of International Law, 20(1), pp. 369-408.
18
Nico Kirsch (2005). International law in times of hegemony: unequal power and the shaping
of international legal order. The European Journal of International Law, 16(3).
Niels Peterson (2010). How rational is international law? The European Journal of
International Law, 20(4), pp. 1247-1262.
Richard B. Bilder (1986). An overview of international dispute settlement. Emory Journal of
International Dispute Resolution, 1(1), pp. 1-33.
Robert O. Keohane, Andrew Moravcsik and Anne Marie Slaughter (2000). Legalized dispute
resolution: interstate and transnational. International Organizations, 54(3), pp. 457-488.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
19
FOURTH SEMESTER
PACS 221: Introduction to Research Methodology
No course stands alone, and you are encouraged to think of this course not as an isolated
requirement that students need to “get out of the way” but as part of the core of your
education in the Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PACS). The PACS education is
organized around four major goals – learning how to look at the world from multiple
perspectives (multiple inquiries), learning how to combine different perspectives into a
deeper understanding (integrative thinking), learning how to share knowledge and
understanding with others (effective communication), and learning how to use what students
know to become informed citizens. This course contributes to achieving each of these goals.
One of the defining characteristics of all the social sciences, including Peace and Conflict
Studies, is a commitment to empirical research as the basis for knowledge. This course is
designed to provide you with a basic understanding of research in the social sciences. In this
course, the emphasis is less on the nuts and bolts of doing research (that will come in your
second methods course) and more on the logic of doing research. We focus on basic types of
social science research – normative philosophy, positive theory, engineering (institutional
design) and theory-oriented research. We draw from peace and conflict literature that fall into
each of these types to illustrate various methodological approaches available in the discipline.
Each of these research types makes use of distinct assumptions and tools; the purpose of the
first half of this course is to understand these assumptions and discuss when to use what
tools. The second half introduces students with the basics of probability theory and statistics
which aim to provide the foundation for the second methods course, PACS-228, which is
more quantitative in nature. By the end of the current course, students should be able to turn a
topical interest into a research question, plan a research project to study such a question,
explain the relationship between theory and research, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses
of various research strategies, and read (with understanding) published accounts of social
science research. Furthermore, they begin to appreciate the importance of research ethics and
the integration of research ethics into the research process.
Major Course Texts:
The course will primarily use relevant chapters from a number of books. The instructor will
make these chapters available for the class through the class representative. Students who are
interested to go beyond these assigned readings may find the following or similar books
useful.
David S. Moore, George P. McCabe and Bruce A. Craig (2009). Introduction to the practice
of statistics, New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.
Jan Kmenta (2004). Elements of econometrics, Second Edition. Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press.
20
Janet Buttolph Johnson, Richard A. Joslyn and H. T. Reynolds 2001/2013). Political science
research methods, Fourth (or the latest version).Washington DC:CQ Press.
Jr. Blalock, Hubert M. (1969). Theory construction: from verbal to mathematical
formulations. Methods of Social Science Series. New Jersey: Prentice-Hal.
Max Weber (2011) [1949]. Translated and edited by Edward A. Shils and Henry A. Finch,
introduction by Robert J. Antonio and Alan Sica. Methodology of social sciences, New
Brunswick and London: Transaction Publications.
W. Phillips Shively (2011). The craft of political research. Eighth Edition. Boston: Longman.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 222: Peace Movement
This course helps students understand the history of peace movement from both the global
and regional perspective. They study the functions of the regional organizations in promoting
peace and appreciate the works of great pacifists. It awakens pupils about the problems of
peace and encourages students to work for peace promotion both nationally and
internationally.
The content covers the movement for peace and against war from the primitive stage to
modern stage; peace movement: its meaning, origin and development; different traditions and
culture: Islamic, Buddhist, Japanese, Christen and other indigenous religious; the three major
trends of the peace and conflict studies – peace movement, peace research and peace studies
and their comparative discussion; peace movement in region – Nordic countries, Europe, in
the third world; contribution of religion, non-violence movement and democratic movement;
present trend of peace movement; nuclear explosion and peace movement; peace movement
in globalized world.
Major Course Texts:
A. Oberschall (1973). Social conflict and social movement. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Abrams (1938). A history of European peace societies, Massachusetts: Harvard University
Press.
Arend Lijphart (1975). The politics of accommodation pluralism and democracy in the
Netherlands. (2nd Edition). California: University of California Press.
Bruch M. Russett (1993). Grasping the democratic peace. Princeton: Princeton University
Press.
Cortright, D. (2008). Peace: a history of movements and ideas. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
George J. Mitchell (1999). Making peace. Alfared Knopf.
Goran Von Bonsdorff (1988). Peace movement in Nordic countries. In Ervin Laszin, Jeong
Youlyoo eds. World Encyclopedia of Peace. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
21
I. William Zartman, and J. Lewis Rasnussen eds. (1997). Peace keeping in international
conflict: methods and techniques. USA: United States Institute of Peace Press.
Inge, William Ralph (1934). A pacifist in trouble. London: Putnun.
L. Bealton (1966). The struggle for peace. Australia: George Allen and Unwin Ltd.
Maney, G. M., Woehrle, L. M., & Coy, P. G. (2005). Harnessing and challenging hegemony:
The US peace movement after 9/11. Sociological Perspectives, 48(3), pp.357-381.
P. Brock (1968). Pacifism in the United States. USA: Princeton University Press.
P. Brock (1970). Twentieth century pacifism. New York, Toronto: Van Nostrand Reindhold.
Peras, de Cuellar, Peras Javier (1997). Pilgrimage for peace, a secretary general’s memoir.
New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Peter Wallensteen (1998). Preventing violent conflicts past record and future challenge.
Uppsala: Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University.
Sharp, G. (1973). The politics of nonviolent action. 3 vols. Boston: Porter Sargent.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 223: Armament and Disarmament
This course analyzes armament and proliferation dynamics and integrates it with the theories
of international relations and peace and conflict studies. It investigates why particular weapon
categories have gained renewed prominence after the end of the Cold War and how the new
threat perceptions affect the security behavior of states. It discusses the rapidly changing
security parameters in the light of the events of 2001 and their implications for the future of
arms control and disarmament. It helps students understand the debate of armament and
disarmament in the complex international system with profound concerns for human security
and human wellbeing.
The course covers the review of core concepts and issues: armament – arms control,
disarmament, armament – proliferation, arms control, disarmament – non-proliferation,
global versus regional security; theories of armament: the action-reaction model (realism and
neo-realism); bureaucratic or institutional imperative model; technological imperative model;
proliferation processes and armament: defining proliferation, supply and demand in
proliferation processes, proliferation viewed as an armament dynamic; causes and
consequences of arms race; nuclear proliferation, chemical and biological weapons,
conventional weapons; military research and development and armament; armament and
developing world: arms acquisition and security of small states; nuclear proliferation in
South Asia and security concern of this region; arms trade and sophisticated weapons: actors,
sellers and buyers; channels for arms transfers; major characteristics of arms trade; arms trade
model; major arms exporters to third world countries; trade in small arms and light weapons;
arms trade treaty (ATT); arms control and disarmament: origins, development and current
status of arms control; meaning, kinds, and evolution of disarmament; major initiatives of
disarmament under league of nations and united nations; control of chemical and biological
22
warfare; control of other weapon categories and modes of warfare; disarmament treaties:
SALT-1, SALT-2, START, CTBT, NPT; role of different organizations in disarmament
policies and implementation.
Major Course Texts:
Andreas Wenger and Doron Zimmermann (2004). International relations: from the cold war
to the globalized world. New Delhi: Viva Books Private Ltd.
B. Buzan (1987). An introduction to strategic studies: military technology and international
relations. UK: Macmillan Basingstoke.
B. Buzan (1991). People, states and fear. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
Gernot Kohler (1997). Structural-dynamic arms control. Journal of Peace Research, 14(4),
pp.315-326.
Jeffrey A.Larsen, ed. (2005). Arms control: cooperative security in a changing environment.
New Delhi: Viva Books Private Ltd.
Jeffrey Boutwell and Michael Klare (1998). Small arms and light weapons: controlling the
real instruments of war. Arms Control Today, 28(6), pp.15-23.
John Burton, and Lawrance D. Weiler eds. (1976) International arms control: issues and
agreements. UK: Stanford University Press.
M. E. Carranza (1999). Indo-Pakistani nuclear relations: can the genie be put back into the
bottle? International Politics, 36, pp. 441–63.
Marek Thee (1966). Arms and disarmament: SIPRI findings. Stockholm: SIPRI.
Paul R. Viotti, ed. (1986). Conflict and arms control: an uncertain agenda. London:
Westview Press.
Phillip Margulies (2010), Nuclear non-proliferation. New Delhi: Viva Books Private Ltd.
Rishiraj Singh (2004). Arms control: the politics of disarmament. New Delhi: Dominant
Publishers and Distributers.
Srivastava Joshi (1997). International relations, (7th ed.). India: GOEL Publishing House.
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (1976). Armament and disarmament in the
nuclear age. Stockholm: SIPRI.
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (2003). Armaments and disarmament in the
nuclear age: a handbook. Stockholm: SIPRI.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
23
PACS 224: Diplomacy and Foreign Policy
This course introduces students to diplomacy: its academic definition, different theories and
its various forms. Students learn the functions of diplomacy in conflict situation and its scope
in peacemaking and peacbuilding. They study the foreign policy making process and learn
from the cultural inputs across nations. They study negotiation methods, styles and develop
their individual professional bargaining skills through simulation in their classes. Students are
expected to have a comprehensive understanding about the major international diplomatic
tools – Vienna Convention of Diplomatic Relations.
The course covers meaning, theories and different forms of diplomacy; changes and
development of diplomacy; trends of diplomacy after the cold war; process of diplomacy;
diplomacy and its activities; diplomacy and statecraft: nation-state; Vienna convention of
diplomatic relations 1961; diplomacy and conflict management; role of diplomats in conflict
management process; mediation and third party approach; diplomacy and peace-building:
role of diplomats in preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, and peacebuilding; foreign policy
making: tools and process; foreign policy of Bangladesh and major countries: US, China,
India.
Major Course Texts:
Cooper, A. F., Heine, J., & Thakur, R. (Eds.). (2013). The Oxford handbook of modern
diplomacy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Coulon, J., Aronoff, P., & Scott, H. (1998). Soldiers of diplomacy: The United Nations,
peacekeeping, and the new world order. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Feltham, R. (2004). Diplomatic handbook. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
G. R. Berrdge, Diplomacy: Theory and Practice, Prentice Hall, (1995)
Hutchings, R., & Suri, J. eds. (2015). Foreign policy breakthroughs: cases in successful
diplomacy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kenneth W. Thompson, Tradition and Values in Politics and Diplomacy, Louisiana State
University Press, (1992)
Kevin M. Cahill, ed. (1996). Preventive diplomacy: stopping wars before they start. Basic
Books,
Kissinger, H. (2012). Diplomacy. Simon and Schuster.
McKercher, B. J. (Ed.). (2012). Routledge handbook of diplomacy and statecraft. New York:
Routledge.
Muldoon Jr, J. P., Sullivan, E., Aviel, J. F., & Reitano, R. eds. (2005). Multilateral diplomacy
and the United Nations today. Westview Press.
Petrič, E. (2013). Foreign policy: from conception to diplomatic practice. Martinus Nijhoff
Publishers.
24
Ramcharan, B. G. (2008). Preventive Diplomacy at the UN. Indiana University Press.
Roberts, I. ed. (2009). Satow's diplomatic practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sharp, P. (2009). Diplomatic theory of international relations (Vol. 111). Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
25
FIFTH SEMESTER
PACS 311: Migration, Refugee and Conflict
This course makes students familiar with the definition of refugees and migration and
theoretical debates in the field. They learn different international and regional legal
instruments in protecting the rights of refugee rights. The course correlates the ideas of
refugee, migration and conflict with substantial discussion of case studies regarding refugee,
migration, transnational migration threats, human trafficking and challenges. It helps students
acquire analytical skills so that they can comprehend and explain refugee issues at the
national, regional and international level. The acquisition of such critical skills will help
students understand the changing situation of refugees, migrants and internally displaced
persons (IDPs).
The course covers the basic concept of refugee: different definitions of refugee, early
definition, the 1951 Convention Definition, the 1967 Protocol, regional instruments; the
rights of refugees under international law: the rights of refugees under international law,
international refugee law; attitudes towards refugee: western attitudes towards refugees,
Asian response towards refugees; International Refugee Law in Asia; status of refugees in
Asia; refugee, migration and conflict in South Asia: refugees and state policies in South Asia,
international migration in South Asia, managing migration and Refugees: the Role of
UNHCR in South Asia; Refugee law; success and failure of UNHCR; Rohingya refugees in
Bangladesh: status of Rohingyas, Bangladesh-Myanmar relationship based on Rohingya
refugee issue; stranded Biharis and refugees in Bangladesh; protracted refugee situation;
refugees in Africa; climate refugees and IDPS; cases of refugee and migration problem in
Asia.
Major Course Texts:
Arpita Bhattacharyya and Michael Werz (2012). Climate change, migration and conflict in
South Asia, Centre for American Progress.
B.S. Chimni, ed. (2000). International refugee law, a reader. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Behera, N. C. (2006). Gender, conflict and migration (Vol. 3). Sage Publications.
Collier, P. (2015). Exodus: How Migration is changing our world. Journal of Economic
Sociology, 16(2), pp.12-23.
Harunur Rashid (2000). Refugee law, Dhaka: Anuppam Gyam Bhandar.
Imtiaz Ahmed ed. (2010). The plight of the stateless Rohingyas. Dhaka: The University press
Limited.
Khalid Koser (2007). International migration, New York: Oxford University Press.
26
Norman Myer (2002). Environmental refugees: a growing phenomenon of the 21st century,
Reviews and a Special Collection of Papers on Human Migration, 357(1420) pp. 609-613.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 312: Environmental Conflict
This course is conceived in the department with an aims to introduce students to the current
global environmental changes and its impacts on conflict formation and peacebuilding.
Students rethink environmental issues as a source of civil unrest and conflict. They learn
about the environmental issues and challenges in Bangladesh and South Asia.
This course covers current global environmental changes i.e. global atmospheric changes;
population growth, urbanization; pollution and its impacts in Bangladesh and global
perspective; major terminological development and clarification of environmental security,
human security and environmental conflict; environmental conflict, its different schools; the
natural resource scarcity like water, natural gas, land and forest and conflict; water sharing
and regional conflict; Indo-BD water conflict; climate change, security and conflict issue;
climate change induced human displacement; climate change as a conflict driver in
Bangladesh and global perspective; environmental peacebuilding: major approaches,
environmental cooperation and peace; natural resources and environment in peacebuilding;
future challenges.
Major Course Texts:
A. Swain (1996). The environmental trap: the Ganges river diversion, Bangladeshi
migration, and conflicts in India. Report No. 41, Uppsala: Dept. of Peace and Conflict
Research, Uppsala University.
Alexander Carius (2007). Environmental peacemaking: condition for success. Environmental
Change and Security Project Report, Issue 12, pp.59-75.
Ben Crow (1995). Sharing the ganges: the politics and development of river development.
New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Commission on Human Security (2003). Human security now. Chapter 1. Washington D.C.:
Commission on Human Security, pp. 1-19.
Elhance, P. A (1999). Hydropolitics in the Third World. Washington, D. C.: United States
Institute of Peace Press.
Gunther Baechler (1998). Why Environmental transformation causes violence: a synthesis.
Environmental Change and Security Project Report, Issue 4, pp. 24-44.
Jessica Tuchman Mathews (1989). Redefining security, Foreign Affairs, 68(2). pp. 162-177.
27
John R. McNeill (2000). Something new under the sun: an environmental history of the
twentieth century world. New York: WW Norton & Company.
Ken Conca, Alexander Carius, and Geoffery D. Debelko (2005). Building peace through
environmental peacemaking. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.
Michael E. Brown ed. (1996). Introduction. The international dimension of internal conflict.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 3-31.
Narottam Gaan (2000). Environment and national security. The University Press Limited.
Philippe Le Billion (2001). The political ecology of war: natural resources and armed
conflict. Political Geography, 20, pp.561-584.
Rockström, J., Steffen, W. L., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin III, F. S., Lambin, E., . &
Foley, J. (2009). Planetary boundaries: exploring the safe operating space for humanity.
[pdf]. Institute for Sustainable Solutions.
Roland Paris (2001). Human security: paradigm shift or hot air. International Security,
26(2), pp.87-102.
Sanjeev Khagram and Saleem Ali (2006). Environment and security, Annul Review of
Environmental Resources, 31, pp. 395-41.
Thomas Homer Dixion, T. F. (1999). Environment, scarcity and violence. New Jersey:
Princeton University Press.
United Nations Environmental Program (2007). Environment for Development. Global
Environmental Outlook 4, Nairobi: UNEP, pp. 3-38.
Whiteman, G., Walker, B., & Perego, P. (2013). Planetary boundaries: Ecological
foundations for corporate sustainability. Journal of Management Studies, 50(2), pp.307-336.
William J. Cosgrove (2003). Water security and peace: a synthesis of studies. Canada:
UNESCO-Green Cross International.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS313: Behavioral Approaches to Peace and Conflict
A conflict can be understood as an incompatible interaction between at least two actors,
whereby one of the actors experience damage, and the other actor causes this damage
intentionally, or ignores it. This proposition applies to both interpersonal as well as group
conflict. At the interpersonal level, it is the decision choices of individuals that matters. The
same is true at the group level. Any adequate understanding of group choice or action
ultimately must be reducible to an understanding of the choices that individual human beings
make in the context of institutions for the purpose of attaining individual objectives. This
perspective has its roots in the decision sciences that seek to explore how people make
decision if their actions and fates depend on the actions of others. In an interdependent
context, individual decisions can be emotional as well as rational. This course introduces
28
basic tools of political psychology and game theory that are needed to examine how
individuals make emotional and rational choices.
Game theory is a general framework to study rational decision making in an interdependent
context. This course introduces the basic concepts of elementary game theory in a way that
allows you to use them in solving simple problems. It shows how game theory can be used in
the study of peace and conflict by presenting a wide array of example applications. In
addition, throughout the course we will discuss evidence from experiments and from other
sources that bear on when we should expect game theory to be most useful in applied studies,
and when we might reasonably have doubts about the types of predictions that it makes about
human behavior.
Ideas and tools from political psychology allow us to study individual decisions driven by
emotion. Focusing on conflict psychology, this course introduces such basic ideas as
cognition, identity, affect and emotions, information processing, attribution process, images
and symbolic manipulation, and conflict attitude formation. Building on these ideas, the
course may then proceed to discuss various aspects of the group conflict – including but not
limited to causes of conflict and coalition and conflict resolution – from a political
psychology perspective.
Major Course Texts:
Avinash Dixit and Susan Skeath (2004). Games and strategy. 2nd edition. New York and
London: W.W. Norton and Company.
Axelrod, Robert (1984). The evolution of cooperation, New York: Basic Books.
Cottam, Martha et al. (2004). Interlocution to political psychology. Mahwah, New Jersy,
London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Ordeshook, Peter C. (1986). Game theory and political theory: an introduction. New York:
Cambridge University.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 314: Political Economy
Political economy begins with the political nature of collective decision making and is
concerned with how politics affect public choices in a society – including not only countries
but also firms, social groups, or other organizations. In contrast to either economics or
political science in isolation, political economy emphasizes understanding the mechanisms
that societies use in choosing policies in the face of conflicts of interest. A motivating
question would be: how does a society make collective decisions that affect it as a whole
when individual members have conflict of interests? In this course, we focus on answering
simultaneously two central questions: how do institutions evolve in response to individual
incentives, strategies and choices; and how do institutions affect the performance of political
29
and economic systems? By focusing on how political and economic institutions constrain,
direct and reflect individual behavior, political economy attempts to explain collective
outcomes like group decision making, resource allocation and public policy in a unified
fashion.
The course begins with an overview of related thoughts about political economy including
but not limited to classical, Keynesian, neo-classical, Marxist, dependency and systems
theories, and contemporary theories. It focuses on the tools useful in answering the questions
above. It covers selected economic models for political and conflict analyses including but
not limited to the principal-agent problem; approaches to institutional choices including
transaction costs, path dependency, positive feedback, delegated authorities, and distribution
of veto power; issues of government formation including cooperative games, spatial models,
sequence and strategy, portfolio allocations and jurisdiction; public good; issues regarding
public policy such as political business cycle, budget deficit; conflict and instability. It also
addresses international political economy with emphasis on the size of government,
exchange-rate politics, and macro-economic interdependence. It illustrates theories in light of
peace and conflict studies.
Major Course Texts:
Drazen, Alan (2010). Political economy in macroeconomics. NJ: Princeton University Press
and India: Orient Longman.
Hardin, Russel (1995). One for all: the logic of group conflict. NJ: Princeton University Press
(1995).
Hirshleifer Jack (1988). Economic behavior in adversity. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press.
Hirshleifer Jack, The dark side of the force: economic foundations of conflict theory,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (2001)
Keith Hartley and N. Hooper (eds. (2004). Economic theories of Peace and Violence: studies
in defense economics. New York: Routledge.
Ordeshook, Peter C. ,(1986). Game theory and political theory: an introduction. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Vahabi Mehrad (2004). The political economy of destructive power. New Horizons in
Institutional and Evolutional Economics, Edwar Elgar.
World Bank World development report (2011). Conflict, security, and development.
Washington, DC: World Bank, (2011)
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
30
SIXTH SEMESTER
PACS 321: Internal Conflict and Violence
The nature of conflict has changed with the demise of the cold war. Today’s conflicts are
more of internal than international nature thus widening the scope of studying these conflicts.
This course aims at developing understanding about the causes and consequences of those
conflicts from an inclusive viewpoint. It incorporates the study of basic theories, concepts
and frameworks related to internal conflicts and war. It encourages students’ practical
understanding of various conflicts in the regions across the world.
The course covers the introduction to internal conflict: concept, definition and dimensions,
typology of internal conflict: civil war, genocide, religious militancy, sectarian and
communal violence; causes of internal conflict and violence: structural, political, economic
and cultural causes; theories and approaches to internal conflict: theories of Karl Marx,
Michael E. Brown, Harry Eckstein, Ted Robert Gurr and others; non- state actors and internal
conflicts: anti-government forces, radical groups, insurgents and others; implications of
internal conflict: political instability, collapse of state, threats to national security and human
security; case study of internal conflict: Rwanda, Sri Lanka, Sudan and Sierra Leone;
resolution of internal conflicts: mediation, negotiation, reconciliation and coercive means of
conflict resolution; actors of mediating internal conflict.
Major Course Texts:
Ali Riaz 2008. Islamist Militancy in Bangladesh: a complex web, New York: Routledge.
Ali Riaz, C. Christine Fair, eds. (2011). Political Islam and governance in Bangladesh. New
York: Routledge,
Alok K. Bohara, Neil J. Mitchell and Mani Nepal (2006). Opportunity, democracy, and the
exchange of political violence: a sub-national analysis of conflict in Nepal. Journal of
Conflict Resolution, 50(1), pp. 108-128.
Bonnie Jenkins (2006). Combating nuclear terrorism: addressing non-state actor motivations.
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 607, pp. 33-42.
Donald Bloxham, A. Dirk Moses eds. (2010). The Oxford Handbook of genocide studies.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Erica Chenoweth and Adria Lawrence, eds. (2010). Rethinking violence: states and non-state
actors in conflict. Belfer Centre for Science and International Affairs.
George J. Andreopoulos ed. (1994). Genocide: Conceptual and historical dimensions.
Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Harry Eckstein (1964). Internal war: problems and approaches. New York: Free Press.
31
I. William Zartman (1995). Collapsed states: the disintegration and restoration of legitimate
authority, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publications Inc.
Jeff Goodwin (2006). A theory of categorical terrorism. Social Forces, 84(4), pp. 2027-2046.
Karl R. Derouen, JR and Jacob Bercovitch (2008). Enduring Internal rivalries: a new
framework for the study of civil war. Journal of Peace Research, 45(1), pp. 55–74.
Lotta Themnér and Peter Wallensteen (2011). Armed Conflict, 1946-2010, Journal of Peace
Research, 48(4), pp. 525–536.
M. Rashiduzzaman 1998. Bangladesh's Chittagong hill tracts peace accord: institutional
features and strategic concerns, Asian Survey, 38(7), pp. 653-670.
Michael E. Brown (1996). The international dimension of internal conflict. Cambridge:
Centre for Science and International Affairs.
Michael E. Brown (ed. 1996). The International Dimension of Internal Conflict, Cambridge:
Centre for Science and International Affairs,
Mufleh R. Osmany, Shaheen Afroze (2006). religious militancy and security in South Asia,
Dhaka: Academic Press and Publishers Library.
Paivi Lujala (2009). Deadly combat over natural resources: gems, petroleum, drugs, and the
severity of armed civil conflict. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 53(1), pp. 50-71.
Patrick M. Regan and Aysegul Aydin (2006). Diplomacy and other forms of intervention in
civil wars. The Journal of Conflict Resolution, 50(5), pp.736-756.
Paul Behrens, Ralph Henham eds. (2013). Elements of genocide, New York: Routledge.
Robert I Rotberg ed. (2003). State failure and state weakness in a time of terror. New York:
The World Peace Foundation.
Robert I. Rotberg (2004). When states fail: causes and consequences. New Jersey: Princeton
University Press.
Ted Robert Gurr (1970). Why men rebel. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Tiffiany O. Howard 2010.The tragedy of failure: evaluating state failure and its impact on
the spread of refugees, terrorism and war. PSI Reports.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 322: Regional Approaches to Peace and Development
This courses discuses the different ways by which countries across the regions try to resolve
conflicts and foster collaborative efforts towards development. Students study various
methods countries use to address the longstanding issues and tensions among neighbors.
They get an introduction to some of the theoretical ideas regarding region-based interaction.
They learn how different realities allowed or compelled various groups to fashion strategies
of confrontation, avoidance or cooperation. They study the implication of regional integration
in ensuring peace and development and also look into the role of formal and informal
32
regional institutions. Students are expected to gain a clear understanding of the different
regional blocks in the world and where and how they stand in terms of world development
and world peace. They will learn to compare and contrast approaches and explore the factors
attributable for their success or failure.
The course covers the study of the different regional blocks and where they stand in terms of
peace, security and development; concepts of regionalism, regionalization, inter-regionalism,
trans-regionalism; theoretical approaches to regionalism; regional organizations; approach to
peace and development in Southeast Asia, African Union, European Union, Arab League,
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation.
Major Course Texts:
Alex Warleigh-Lack (2006). Towards a conceptual framework for regionalization: bridging
new regionalism’ and integration theory. Review of International Political Economy, 13(5),
pp.750–771.
Allison (2004). Regionalism, regional structures and security management in Central Asia,
International Affairs, 80(3), pp.463‒483.
Amitav Acharya (2006). Europe and Asia: reflections on a tale of two regionalisms. In
Bertrand Fort and Douglas Webber eds. Regional integration in East Asia and Europe:
convergence or divergence? London and New York: Routledge.
Amitav Acharya and Alastair Iain Johnston eds. (2007). Crafting cooperation: regional
international institutions in comparative perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Andrew Hurrell (1995). Regionalism in theoretical perspective. In Louise Fawcett and
Andrew Hurrell eds. Regionalism in world politics: regional organization and international
order. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Beyond Hettne (2004). The ‘new’ regionalism. New Political Economy, 10(4), pp. 543-571.
Bjorn Hettne (2005). Beyond the ‘‘new’’ regionalism. New Political Economy, 10(4),
pp.543–71.
Dinan (2004). Europe recast: a history of European Union. Boulder: Lynne Rienner
Publishers,
Dinan (2005). Ever closer union: an introduction to European integration. Boulder: Lynne
Rienner Publishers.
Fawcett (2004). Exploring regional domains: a comparative history of regionalism,
International Affairs, 80(3), pp. 429-446.
Fredrik Soderbaum (2008). Consolidating comparative regionalism: from euro-centrism to
global comparison. GARNET Annual Conference, Sciences Po Bordeaux, University of
Bordeaux.
Hettne, Söderbaum, Stålgren (2008). The EU as a global actor in the South. SIEPS.
33
Institute for Security Studies (2008). Mission in Burundi, the African Union mission in Sudan
and the African Union mission in Somalia. African Security Review, 17(1), pp 70.
Kishore C. Dash (2008). Regionalism in South Asia: negotiating cooperation, institutional
structures. New York: Routledge.
Mathew Doidge (2007). From developmental regionalism to developmental
interregionalism? The European Union approach. NCRE Working Paper No.07/01.
Paul Bowles (2002). Asia’s post-crisis regionalism: bringing the state back in, keeping the
(United) States out. Review of International Political Economy, 9(2), pp. 244–270.
Shaun Narine (1998). ASEAN and the management of regional security. Association of
Southeast Asian Nations.
Yrynen (2003). Regionalism: old and new, International Studies Review 5, pp. 25–51.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary
PACS 323: UN and World Peace
This course makes students familiar with the function of the UN as a guardian of world peace
and security. Through simulation – model UN – students learn about different organs of the
UN and its different activities. It covers the study of the United Nations: origin, structure and
composition; activities and structural formation of different organs; role of UN: peacekeeping, peace-making and peace-building and conflict management; globalization, state
sovereignty and United Nations: its proposed reforms; a democratic United Nations; super
power and UN; challenges and options; unipolar world and the UN; Third World countries in
the UN, Bangladesh and the UN, Role of Bangladesh in UN peacekeeping; Success and
failure of UN; the future of collective security.
Major Course Texts:
Alger, C. F. (2006). The United Nations system: A reference handbook. Abc-clio.
Cronin, B., & Hurd, I. (Eds.). (2008). The UN Security Council and the politics of
international authority. New York: Routledge.
Danchin, P. G., & Fischer, H. eds. (2010). United Nations reform and the new collective
security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dreher, A., Sturm, J. E., & Vreeland, J. R. (2009). Development aid and international
politics: does membership on the UN Security Council influence World Bank
decisions?. Journal of Development Economics, 88(1), pp. 1-18.
Franck, T. M. (2003). What happens now? The United Nations after Iraq. American Journal
of International Law, pp. 607-620.
Gareis, S. B. (2012). The United Nations. Palgrave Macmillan.
34
Hurd, I. (2008). After anarchy: legitimacy and power in the United Nations Security Council.
New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Kirsten Nakjavani Bookmiller (2008), The United Nations. New York: Infobase Publishing.
Krasno, J. E. ed. (2004). The United Nations: confronting the challenges of a global society.
Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Müller, J. (Ed.). (2006). Reforming the United Nations the struggle for legitimacy and
effectiveness.Vol. 5. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
Pugh, M. C., & Sidhu, W. P. S. (Eds.). (2003). The United Nations & regional security:
Europe and beyond. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Thomas G.Weiss, David Forsythe and Roger A. Coate (2001). The United Nations and
changing world politics. 3rd edition. Westview Press
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 324: Advanced Research Methodology
One of the defining characteristics of all the social sciences, including Peace and Conflict
Studies, is a commitment to empirical research as the basis for knowledge. In the Department
of Peace and Conflict Studies (PACS), we offer students a series of two methodology courses
that introduces that empirical methodologies used in the discipline. While PACS 213, the first
of the two courses, help students acquire the basic understanding of research with particular
focus on the logic of doing research, PACS 324, the second and the current course,
emphasizes on the nuts and bolts of doing research. The primary focus of the current course
(PACS324) is to introduce students with the basic tools required to analyze quantified social
and political data.
PACS324 is a beginning level course for the student interested in applying statistics in
studying peace and conflict. By the end of the current course, students should be able to
generate quantitatively testable research hypotheses from theories of PACS, design a research
suitable for testing such hypotheses, operationalize and measure concepts that construct the
hypotheses, analyze the data gathered along various conceptual dimensions, write basic
research reports, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of various research strategies, and
read (with understanding) published accounts of serious social science research. More
specifically, the topics include, but not necessarily limited to, basic statistical principles;
graphic presentation; descriptive measures of central tendency, dispersion, and location;
inferential statistics and hypothesis testing; analysis and inference of linear correlation
coefficient and slope of regression line. Students will apply statistical concepts to real world
situations. Current technology will be utilized in examining statistical information.
35
Major Course Texts:
The course will primarily use relevant chapters from a number of books. The instructor will
make these chapters available for the class through the class representative. Students who are
interested to go beyond these assigned readings may find the following or similar books
useful.
David S Moore, George P. McCabe and Bruce A. Craig , (2009). Introduction to the practice
of statistics. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.
Gujarati, D. N. (2012). Basic econometrics. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
Jan Kmenta (2004). Elements of econometrics. Second Edition, Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press.
Janet Buttolph Johnson, Richard A. Joslyn and H. T. Reynolds .(2001/2013). Political
science research methods. Fourth (or the latest version).CQ Press: Washington DC.
W. Phillips Shively (2011). The craft of political research. Eighth Edition. Boston: Longman.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
36
SEVENTH SEMESTER
PACS 411: Protracted Conflict
The course has been designed to provide a comprehensive understanding about a distinct
pattern of conflict called ‘protracted conflict’. However, it has three broad units. In first unit,
students learn theories, approaches, models which provide them a theoretical base of
protracted conflict and its multiple defining issues or ideas. The second unit deals with
several methods and approaches of protracted conflict management or resolution. The third
unit shed light on protracted conflict cases across regions. Through these case studies,
students acquire practical skills about how to systematically employ and analyze theoretical
implications in those conflict cases. The course primarily introduces the defining issues,
major characteristics and consequences of protracted conflict often termed as ‘deep-rooted’
‘intractable’ ‘prolonged’ ‘resolution-resistant’ conflict to the students. Students learn how to
address protracted conflict at both interpersonal level and international level. It equips them
with necessary analytical tools in handling protracted conflict so that they can take leading
roles in taming those conflicts.
The course covers the study of protracted conflict: conceptions and defining issues; ten
propositions of protracted international conflicts; protracted social conflict (PSC): adward e.
Azar’s theory of protracted social conflict (PSC); conflict theories and psc: enduring logic of
conflict in world politics; recent conflict theories and PSC; theory of relative deprivation;
human needs theory; theories of ethnicity: ethnicity, divided societies, and democracy; ethnic
identity and conflict; identity and politics; civil war: major theories in civil war; civil war and
underdevelopment; natural resources and civil war; protracted conflict management and
resolution: problem solving approach, democratic levers for conflict management;
prevention, management and transformation of deadly conflict; case study of protracted
conflict: (for example: Kashmir conflict, Sri Lankan conflict, Israel-Palestine conflict,
Chittagong hill tracts conflict)
Major Course Texts:
Amena Mohsin (2002). The politics of nationalism: the case of the chittagong hill tracts
Bangladesh. 2nd edition. Dhaka: University Press Limited.
B.K. Jahangir (2002). Nationalism, fundamentalism and democracy in Bangladesh. Dhaka
University: International Centre for Bengal Studies..
Barbara J Hill (1982). An analysis of conflict resolution techniques: from problem solving
workshops to theory. The Journal of Conflict Resolution, 26 (1), pp.109-138.
Ben Foulon (2010). What the end of civil war means for sri lanka, and why it should matter to
the rest of the world.[online]. Available at: http://www.e-ir.info/2010/07/27/the-opportunity-
37
of-a-generation-what-the-end-of-civil-war-means-for-sri-lanka-and-why-it-should-matter-tothe-rest-of-the-world/
David Donald Dabelko (1971). Relative deprivation theory and its application to the study of
politics. Ph.D thesis. Illionis: University of Illionois at Urbana-Champaign.
Declan Obriain (2012). Sri Lanka, ethnic conflict, and the rise of a violent secessionist
movement. [online]. Available at: http://www.e-ir.info/2012/11/28/sri-lanka-ethnic-conflictand-the-rise-of-a-violent-secessionist-movement/
Dr. Havva. KÖK. Reducing violence: applying the human needs theory to the conflict in
Chechnya.
The
Journal
of
Jurkish
Weekly.
[online].
Available
at:
http://www.turkishweekly.net/article/264/reducing-violence-applying-the-human-needstheory-to-the-conflict-in-chechnya.html
Edward Azar, and John W. Burton. eds. (1986). International conflict resolution: theory and
practice. Sussex: Wheatsheaf Books.
Ian Bannon and Paul Collier, eds. (2003). Natural resources and violent conflict: options and
actions. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.
Jacob Bercovitchb, ed. (1996). Resolving international conflicts: the theory and practice of
mediation. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers Inc.
James A. Davis v. A formal interpretation of the theory of relative deprivation. Sociometry,
22(4), pp. 280-296.
Joseph S. Nye (2007). Understanding international conflicts: an introduction to theory and
history. Sixth edition. New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
Karen Ballentine& Jake Sherman, eds. (2005). The political economy of armed conflict:
beyond greed and grievance. New Delhi: Viva Books Private Limited.
Larry Diamond and Marc F. Plattner eds. (1994). Nationalism, ethnic conflict, and
democracy. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Mary Bernstein (2005). Identity Politics, Annual Review of Sociology, 31, pp.47-74.
Moonis Ahmar, ed. (2008). Conflict management mechanisms and the challenge of peace.
Karachi University: Department of International Relations.
Neal G. Jesse, Kristen P. Williams (2011). Ethnic conflict: a systematic approach to cases of
conflict. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.
Neal G.Jesse, Kristen P. Williams (2011). Ethnic conflict and approaches to understand it. In
Ethnic conflict: a systematic approach to cases of conflict. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.
Oliber Ramsbotham, Tom Woodhouse, and Hung Miall (2011). Contemporary conflict
resolution: the prevention, management and transformation of deadly conflict. 3rd ed.
Cambridge: Polity press.
Oren Barak (2005). The failure of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, 1993-2000, Journal
of Peace Research, 42(6), pp.719-736.
38
Peter Harris and Ben Reilly (1998). Democracy and Deep-rooted conflict: options for
negotiators. Stockholm: International IDEA
Rambsbotham Oliver (2005). The analysis of protracted social conflict: a tribute to Edward
Azar. Review of International Studies, 31(1), pp.109-126.
S. Mansoob Murshed (2002). Conflict, civil war and underdevelopment: an introduction.
Journal of Peace Research, 39(4) pp. 387-393.
Samir Kumar Das, ed. (2005). Peace processes and peace accords. New Delhi: Sage
Publications.
Shibashis Chatterjee (2005). Ethnic conflicts in South Asia: a constructivist reading. South
Asian Survey, 12(1), pp. 75-89.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 412: Alternative Dispute Resolution
ADR – as an alternative to the litigation process – has become increasingly popular in the
recent decades. Excessive over-burden of the courts and a large number of pending cases,
ultimately result in the dissatisfaction among the people about the judicial system and its
ability to dispense justice. Through this course, students learn about the alternative processes
– community mediation and shalish. The acquire knowledge about how these processes and
system can better ensure people’s easy access to justice.
The course covers the study of ADR: basic idea; ADR development and history with
reference to Bangladesh, key features of ADR; characteristics of ADR, functions of ADR;
limitation of ADR; ADR in Bangladesh: history; informal ADR; ADR in formal legal system
(family court ordinance; Orthorinadalot); function of Ain O saliskendro; Madaripur legal aid;
ADR and women community in Bangladesh; ADR skills: negotiation, mediation, arbitration,
reconciliation.
Major Course Texts:
Atlas, N. F., Huber, S. K., & Trachte-Huber, E. W. (2000). Alternative dispute resolution: the
litigator's handbook. USA: American Bar Association.
Blake, S., Browne, J., & Sime, S. (2014). A practical approach to alternative dispute
resolution. UK: Oxford University Press.
Center for Democracy and Governance (1998). Alternative Dispute resolution practitioners’
guide. Washington D.C.: US Agency for International Development.
Coltri, L. S. (2004). Conflict diagnosis and alternative dispute resolution. Pearson College
Division.
Fiadjoe, A. (2013). Alternative dispute resolution: a developing world perspective. London:
Routledge.
39
Hunt, R. (2010). Alternative dispute resolution. ADR Bulletin, 11(1), p.5.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 413: Indigenous Studies
The life and living of the indigenous people (IP) has been critical in modern state system in
many respects. Even a cursory look at the complexity of indigenous people reveals the
difficulty of finding a precise, acceptable and universal definition of who qualifies as
indigenous people in Africa, Americas and Asia.
The course covers the study of the understanding indignity: concept and theory: concept of
& debate on ‘indigenous people’ in international law: Cobo study, ILO convention, common
characteristics of indigenous people, the politics of indigeneity: international indigenous
movement, history, contemporary indigenous affairs: human rights violations and threats,
ethnicity and ethnic nationalism: concept and theory, the politics of belonging and ethnic
conflict: concept and cause, primordialism and instrumentalism view of ethnicity; IPS and
modern nation-states: IPS affairs in modern states, development aggression, indigenous
people and poverty, globalization, MDGS and indigenous peoples, ethnicity in modern
states: the taxonomy of ethnic conflict regulation, IPS and climate change: political and
socio-economic challenges, ethnic conflict management: traditional approaches; IPS, human
rights and international laws: understanding cultural minority, classification, indigenous
activism in international politics, human rights instruments to protect indigenous rights,
international institutions to promote respects for indigenous rights, self-determination rights
of IPS and implementation challenges; case studies: ethnic conflict in CHT: background and
management approach and post-treaty challenges.
Major Textbooks:
Aman Gupta 2005. Human rights and indigenous people. India: Isha books.
Bartholomew Dean & Jerome M. Levi eds. (2003), At the risk of being heard: identity,
indigenous rights and post colonial states, USA: The University of Michigan Press.
Benedict Kingsbury (1998). Indigenous peoples in international law: a constructivist
approach to the Asian controversy. The American Journal of International Law, 92(3), pp.
414-416.
C. R. Bijoy (1993). Emergence of the submerged: indigenous people at UN. Economic and
Political Weekly, 28(26), pp. 1357-1360.
Christian Erni ed. (2008), The concept of indigenous peoples in Asia - a resource book.
IWGIA & AIPP.
40
Claire Smith & Graeme K. Ward eds. (2000). indigenous cultures in an interconnected
world. Allen & Unwin or UBC Press, Canada.
Dorothy L. Hodgson (2002). Comparative perspectives on the indigenous rights movement.
American Anthropologist, 104(4), pp.1038-40.
Duane Champagne et.al. eds. (2005). Indigenous people and the modern states. Walnut
Creek, CA: Rawman and Littlefield Publishers Inc.
Duane Champagne et.al. eds. (2005). Indigenous people and the modern states. Walnut
Creek, CA: Rawman and Littlefield Publishers Inc.
Henry Minde et.al. eds. (2008). Indigenous people: self-determination, knowledge
indigeneity, The Netherlands: Eburon Academic Publishers.
J.K Das (2001). Human rights and indigenous people. New Delhi: A P. H Publishing
Corporation.
Ken S. Coates (2004). Introduction: indigenous peoples in the age of globalization. In a
global history of indigenous peoples: struggle and survival. New York: Palgrave Macmillan,
pp.1-18.
Niezen, Ronald (2003). The origin of indigenism: human rights and the politics of identity,
Berkeley: University of California Press.
Roger CA Makka & Chris Andderson eds. (2006). The Indigenous experience: global
perspective. Toronto, Canada: Canadian Scholar’s Press Inc.
The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (2005). Possible criteria for
identifying indigenous peoples. Report of the ACHPR Working Group of Experts on
Indigenous Populations/Communities.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 414: Media, Peace, and Conflict
This course provides a broad understanding of the modern history of media in conflict and
war situations. It mainly draws literature from the recent scholarship on how the mass media
covers international armed conflict. To this end, it distinguishes between information and
propaganda and positive and negative role of media. Students learn theoretical approaches to
the study of these implications. They explore how the mass media shape public perception
and images of violence, war, and peace and how the mass media interpret victims and
victimizers throughout the world. Through readings students reflect on the media’s role
across diverse geographical, cultural, and social contexts.
41
The course covers the study of media and peace; media and conflict; propaganda; peace
journalism; conflict resolution journalism; media, ethnic conflict and insurgency; media and
genocide; television and war; media and conflict transformation and peace building; case
study: Iraq war; Afgan war; Bosnia, Kosovo, The Middle East, Cambodia, Rwanda
Major Textbooks:
Amanda Hayney (2007). Mass media re-presentations of the social world: ethnicity and race.
In Eoin Devereux, ed. Media studies, London: Sage Publications.
Christie, T. B. (2006). Framing rationale for the iraq war the interaction of public support
with mass media and public policy agendas. International Communication Gazette, 68(5-6),
pp. 519-532.
Daniel C. Halllin (1986). The “uncensored war”: the media and Vietnam. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Dov Shiner (2007). Peace journalism-the state of the art. Conflict and Communication online,
6(1).
Gadi Wolfsfeld (1997). The media and political conflict, Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Gadi Wolfsfeld (2004). Media and path to peace. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Greg, MeLaughin (2002). From telegraph to satellite: the impact of media technology on war
reporting. In the war correspondent. London: Pluto Press.
Howard, R. (2015). 4 Conflict-Sensitive Journalism. Communication and Peace: Mapping an
Emerging Field, 62.
Jake Lynch, and Annabel McGoldrick (2005). Peace journalism, Gloucestershire, UK:
Hawthorn Press.
Kull, S., Ramsay, C., & Lewis, E. (2003). Misperceptions, the media, and the Iraq
war. Political Science Quarterly, 118(4), pp.569-598.
Miller, D. (2003). Tell me lies: Propaganda and media distortion in the attack on Iraq.
London: Pluto Press.
Ross, H., Rolt, F., van de Veen, H., & Verhoeven, J. (2003). The power of the media. a
handbook for peacebuilders. Amsterdam: European Center for Conflict Prevention.
VladimrBratić (2006). Media effects during violent conflict: evaluating media contributions
to peace building, Conflict and Communication Online, 5(1).
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
42
EIGHTH SEMESTER
PACS 421: Public Policy Analysis
Public policy has implication for domestic peace and stability. The course focuses on “what
governments do, why they do it and how they do it.” Students learn about different traditions,
perspectives, problems and possibilities of public policy analysis. They learn about the
system of governance and relevant policy actors, institutions and instruments involved in the
public policy making. It discusses concepts and theories of public policy making and brings
in some empirical examples of public policy undertaken by the Government of Bangladesh in
order increase students’ practical knowledge about public policy.
The course covers the meaning, concepts and types of public policy, approaches to public
policy and policy process; models of public policy; actors and institutions of public policy;
agenda setting: models and actors, policy formulation, policy decision; models of policy
decision; policy implementation; actors and activities of policy implementation; models of
policy implementation – early models, linear model, interactive model; policy evaluation;
understanding policy change and policy development; public policy and good governance;
actors and institutions of public policy in Bangladesh, dynamics of public policy in
Bangladesh; policies of Bangladesh: education policy, agriculture policy, women
development policy, industry policy, environment policy, media policy/ICT policy.
Major Course Texts:
Anderson, J. E. (2014). Public policymaking. 8th edition. Stamford: Cengage Learning.
Bil Jenkins (1997). Policy analysis: models and approaches. Michael Hill ed. Policy process:
a reader. New York: Routledge.
Birkland, T. A. (2014). An introduction to the policy process: Theories, concepts and models
of public policy making. New York: Routledge.
Donald S Van Meter and Carl E Van Horn (1975). The policy implementation process: a
conceptual framework. Administration & Society, 6(4).
Dunn, W. N. (2012). Public policy analysis: an introduction. 5th edition. New York:
Routledge.
Gerston, L. N. (2014). Public policy making: process and principles. New York: Routledge.
Hill, M. J., & Hupe, P. L. (2002). Implementing public policy: governance in theory and
practice. London: Sage Publication.
John W Thomas, and Merilee S Grindle (1990). After the decision implementing policy
reform in developing countries. World Development, 18(8). pp.1163-1181.
Michael Hawlett, and M. Ramesh (2003). Studying public policy: policy cycles and policy
subsystems. New York: Oxford University Press.
43
Michael Hill, ed. (1997). Policy process: a reader. London: Prentice Hall.
R.A.W. Rhodes (1997). Understanding governance: policy networks, governance, reflexivity
and accountability. Philadelphia: Open University Press.
Rist, R. C. ed. (1995). Policy evaluation: linking theory to practice (Vol. 3). Edward Elgar
Pub.
Salahuddin M Aminuzzaman (2002). Public policy making in Bangladesh: an overview.
Public Money and Management, 2.
Salahuddin M Aminuzzaman (2010). Public Policy process and citizen’s participation in
Bangladesh. In Meghna Sabharwal and Evan M Berman eds. Public administration in South
Asia: India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. CRC Press, pp.213-236.
Thomas Dye ,(1998). Understanding public policy. New Jersey: Prentice Hall
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 422: South Asian Studies
The course discuses the potential of South Asia as a region and analyzes the key intra and
inter-state conflicts and issues. It discusses the historical background of the regional
integration in South Asia and its potential for improving bilateral relations, development and
peace and security in the region. The course also looks into how the multilateral arrangement
can improve cooperation among South Asian countries.
The course covers introduction to south Asia: land, politics, religion, economics and society;
issues of conflict; indo- Bangladesh relationship: problems and prospects, nuclearization and
regional security in South Asia, Kashmir conflict, post-conflict peacebuilding in Sri Lanka;
religious fundamentalism in South Asia; internal conflict in India; political crisis in Nepal;
ethnic identity, conflict and nation building in Bhutan, trafficking of women and children;
terrorism in South Asia; issues of cooperation: South Asian trade and environment, culture
and education, SAARC and SAPTA, institution building, and development of South Asian
civil society and epistemic communities; democracy and conflict management in South Asia:
small states and regional stability.
Major Course Texts:
A. Ganesh Kumar and Gordhan K. Saini ,(2009). Economic cooperation in South Asia: the
dilemma of SAFTA and beyond. Journal of South Asian Development, 4, p.253.
Abul Kalam (2001). Sub-regionalism in Asia. Dhaka: The University Press Limited.
Brahma Chellaney (2002). Fighting terrorism in southern Asia: the lessons of history.
International Security 26(3), pp. 94-116, (Winter,
44
Jacob N Shapiro. and C. Christine Fair (2009). Understanding support for Islamist militancy
in Pakistan. International Security, 34(3), pp. 79-118.
Kumar Rupesinghe and Khawar Mumtaz (1996). Internal conflict in South Asia. London:
Sage Publication.
Mohammad Humayun Kabir (2005). Small states and regional stability in South Asia, Dhaka:
The University Press Limited.
Moonis Ahmed (2003). Paradigm of conflict resolution in South Asia. Dhaka: The University
Press Limited.
Nancy Jetly (2000). Regional security in South Asia, the ethno-sectarian dimensions. Dhaka:
The University Press Limited.
Ronald Skeldon (2000). Trafficking: a perspective from Asia. International Migration.
Special Issue.
Shah Mohammad Ikhtiar Kabir, Jahan Kabir (2009). Regionalism in South Asia: a critique of
the functionalist approach. Dhaka: Academic Press and Publishers Library.
Venna Kukreja and Mahendra Prasad Singh (2008). Democracy, development and discontent
in South Asia. London: SAGE Publication.
Additional reading materials/book lists will be given in the classes when necessary.
PACS 423: Bachelor Thesis
The mandatory bachelor thesis writing is a supervised program in the department which
reflects its commitment in developing students’ research skills in the field of Peace and
Conflict studies. Under individual supervision of the faculty members (individual supervision
is determined by the subject interests of the students and expertise of the faculty members)
students learn how to turn a topical research interest into a research problem. Students must
submit a research proposal on any topics of their interests to the Chairman of the Department
in the beginning of the eight semester. The research topics must be relevant to the core issues
of Department of Peace and Conflict Studies and be approved by the departmental Academic
Committee. It is a full credit course to be evaluated in a scale of 75 marks for the thesis
writing and 25 marks for thesis defence/ viva-voce. Students must submit two copies of their
thesis to the Department on or before the final date of Viva-voce.
Viva-Voce
Viva-voce in the BSS programme is equivalent to a full credit hour (100 marks) which takes
place every even semester (2, 4, 6, 8). The total marks are equally distributed: 25 marks in
each semester. The examination committee members of the respective semesters will
interview students with a view to testing their knowledge, presence of mind and analytical
ability about the subject they have studied in the previous semesters.