4 Man Mechanics
補充資料
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1.場上沒有九名守備員不得宣布比賽開始。(1.01)(4.17)
2.該局先發投手換就野手位置得再回投手位置一次。(3.03)原註
3.攻守名單之先發投手需投完一個打席,除非主審認定生病或負傷。(2.05)
4.比賽開始除了捕手外所有守備員應位於界內區。(4.03)
5.比賽中不得企圖喊叫暫停或其他之語句或動作,明顯意圖使投手犯規。(4.06)
6.擊球員於一壘前成為第三出局所有得分不成立。(4.09)>
7.被宣告為界外球時除非各跑壘均返觸原壘,否則不得使比賽繼續進行。(5.09)
8.野手確實接補後跌入選手或觀眾席為比賽停止球，壘上跑員給予一個壘5.10)
9.投手因擊球員突然退出擊球區或解開打擊姿勢而被誘發停止投球時,不得宣
告投手犯規因二方都違規。(6.02b)原註後段
10.球棒整支飛入場內對採取防守行為發生妨礙時,不管是否故意皆為妨礙。
(6.05h)原註
11.擊跑員跑過一壘後半，跑出3呎線外側或跑入壘線內側，裁判員若認定有
妨礙守備員接球或傳球時，為妨礙守備。(6.05k)>
12.錯位擊球被[促請裁決]成功時為正位擊球員出局。(6.07a)>
13.二位跑壘員佔據同一壘包時。義務進壘時壘權屬後者。(7’03a,b)
14.保送壘權。投手投球給予一個 壘,野手傳球 給予二個壘。(7.05h,g)
15.跑壘員跑壘時為避開守備觸球動作，脫離跑壘員壘道左右3呎,應判出局(7.0
Basic Principles in 4 Man Mechanics:
1. Better Outfield Coverage
2. Second base umpire is the key for
fly ball coverage
3. Communication is very important
4. Balk Concentration
5. Basic Outfield Coverage
6. Overthrows
No Runners on Base
Initial Positions and Outfield Coverage
CF
U2
U2
U
3
U1
PU
Infield Catch Coverage
No Runners on Base
U3
PU
U1
U1
PU
U
3
U
2
Fair/Foul Coverage
No Runners on Base
PU has responsibility up to 1st base and 3rd base
U1 has responsibility for balls that hit 1st base and go past
U3 has responsibility for balls that hit 3rd base and go past
U2
U
3
U1
PU
No Runners on Base
Plays Within the Infield
Ground ball within the infield.
U2
U
3
U2 has the option of
taking any play from
the outfield side or the
infield side
PU
U1
Clean Hit to the Outfield
No Runners on Base
Clean hit to the outfield with the batter runner
Advancing toward 2nd base.
U2
U2
U1
U
3
PU
Fly Ball to Right Field – No Catch – U1 Goes Out
No Runners on Base
U2
option
U
3
U1
PU
Fly Ball to Center Field – No Catch – U2 Goes Out
No Runners on Base
U2
U3
U
3
U1
PU
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Field – No Catch – U3 Goes Out
No Runners on Base
A fly ball to left field – no catch, batter-runner advances toward 3rd base.
PU – Has any play at 3rd base.
U2
U2
U
3
U1
PU
PU
Runner on 1st
Initial Positions and Outfield Coverage
CF
U1
U3
U2
U
option 2
U3
R1
PU
U1
Infield Catch Coverage
Runner on 1st
U2
U3
R1
PU
U1
U1
PU
U3
U2
Clean Hit to the Outfield
Runner on 1st
Clean hit to right field, R1 advances to 3rd base, batter runner rounds 1st
PU – has everything at home.
U1 – Watches BR touch 1st base.
U2 – Watches the touch at 2nd base.
U3 – Watches and has all plays at 3rd base
U2
U
3
R1
R1
BR
PU
BR
PU
U1
U1
Fly Ball to Left Field – No Catch U3 goes Out
Runner on 1st
Fly ball to left field –no catch, U3 goes out
R1 advances toward 3rd base and batter runner advances
Toward 2nd base.
U3
U
2
U3
R1 U1
PU
PU
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Right Field- No Catch U1 goes Out
Runner on 1st
Fly ball to right field no catch. U1 goes out. R1 advances to 3rd
Batter runner rounds 1st base.
U1
U
2
U3
U2
R1
R1
BR
U3
BR
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Right Field- Catch U1 goes Out
Runner on 1st
U1
U
2
U2
U3
R1
U3
PU
U1
Initial Position Outfield Coverage
Runners on 1st & 2nd
U1 has all
U3 has all
R2
U
2
U3
PU
R1
U1
Fly Ball to Left Center Field – Catch U3 Goes Out
U3
Runners on 1st & 2nd
Deep fly ball to left center field, catch
U3 goes out. R2 tags up and advances
toward 3rd base.
R2
U2
U3
R2
U2
PU
BR
PU
U1
R1
U1
Fly Ball Down Left Field Line – No Catch – U3 Goes Out
Runners on 1st & 2nd
Fly ball not caught , R2 and advances toward home plate.
R1 advances toward 3rd base. Batter runner advances toward
2nd base.
U3
R2
BR
U1
U3
U2
R1
R1
U2
BR
R2
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 2nd
Fly Ball to Right Field – Catch U1 Goes Out
Fly ball to right field, catch. U1 goes out, R2 tags up and advances
To 3rd base. R1 goes back to 1st base.
U1
R2
U2
R2
U3
U2
U1
R1
BR
U3
BR
PU
Fly Ball Down to Left Field-Catch- U3 Goes Out Runners on 1st, 2nd & 3rd
Fly ball to left field- U3 goes out – R3 tags up and advances
Toward home. R2 tags up and advances toward 3rd base.
R1 stays at 1st base.
U3
R2
U
2
U3
U1
R1
U2
R3
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Centerfield-NO Catch U3 Goes Out Runners on 1st, 2nd & 3rd
Fly ball to center field no catch, U3 goes out.
R3 advances toward home, R2 advances toward home
R1 advances toward 3rd base, batter runner advances toward
2nd base.
R2
BR
U2
U
3
U1
R1
R1
R3
U2
R2
R3
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Right Field – No Catch U1 goes Out
Runners on 1st, 2nd & 3rd
Fly ball to right field, no catch- U1 goes out.
R3 advances toward home, R2 advances toward home
R1 advances toward 3rd base
Batter runner advances toward 2nd base.
U1
R2
U
3
BR
U2
R1
R1
R3
U3
R2
R3
PU
U1
Initial Positions and Outfield Coverage
U2
U
3
option
Runners on 1st and 3rd
U2
U1
R1
R3
PU
Fly Ball to Left Center Field – Catch – U3 Goes Out
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Fly ball to left center. R3 tags up and advances toward home
U3
U2
U2
R1
U
3
R3
R3
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Fly Ball to Left Field – No Catch- U3 Goes Out
Fly ball to left field, no catch. R3 advances toward home
R1 advances toward 3rd base. Batter runner advances
Toward 2nd base.
U3
U2
U
3
U1
R1
BR
R1
U2
R3
R3
BR
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Fly Ball to Right Field – Catch- U1 Goes Out
Fly Ball to right field caught. U1 goes out. R3 tags up
And advances to home.
U1
U2
U2
U
3
R3
R3
PU
R1
U1
Runner on 2nd
Fly Ball to Left Field – Catch- U3 Goes Out
U3
R2
U2
U
3
BR
R2
U1
U2
BR
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Field – No Catch – U3 Goes Out
Runner on 2nd
Fly ball to left field, no catch. U3 goes out
R2 advances to 3rd base
U3
R2
U1
U2
U
3
BR
R2
U2
BR
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Right –Center Field – Catch – U1 Goes Out
Runner on 2nd
Fly ball caught by the right fielder.
R2 tags up and advances toward 3rd base.
U1
R2
U2
U
3
BR
R2
U3
BR
PU
U1
Runners on 2nd & 3rd
Fly Ball to Left Field – Catch – U3 Goes Out
Fly ball caught by left fielder. U3 goes out. R3 tags up and
Advances to home. R2 tags up and advances to 3rd base.
U3
R2
U
3
U2
U1
R2
U2
U1
R3
R3
PU
Fly Ball to Right Center Field – Catch – U1 Goes Out Runners on 2nd & 3rd
U1
R2
U2
U
3
U3
R2
U1
R3
R3
PU
Fly Ball to Left Field – No Catch – U3 Goes Out
Runners on 2nd & 3rd
Fly ball no catch, U3 goes out
R3 advances toward home. R2 advances toward 3rd base
Batter runner advances toward 2nd base.
U3
R2
U2
U1
U1
U
3
U2
R3
R3
PU
Initial Positions and Outfield Coverage
Runner 3rd
U2 has all fly balls
In this area.
U2
R2
U1
U
3
PU
Fly Ball to Right Field – No Catch – U1 Goes Out
Runner on 3rd
Fly ball to right field. No catch. U1 goes out
R3 advances to home.
Batter runner rounds 1st base.
U1
U2
BR
U
3
U2
R3
U3
R3
BR
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Center Field – No Catch – U2 Goes Out
Runner on 3rd
Fly ball to center field. No catch. U2 goes out.
R3 advances to home. Batter runner tries for 3rd.
U2
U2
U3
U
3
U1
U3
R3
PU
Fly Ball to Center Field – Catch – U2 Goes Out
Runner on 3rd
Fly ball to center field. U2 goes out
R3 tags up and advances to home.
U2
U2
U3
U
3
R3
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Field – Catch – U3 Goes Out
Runner on 3rd
Fly ball to left field. Catch. U3 goes out
R3 tags up and returns to third.
U3
U2
U
3
U1
U2
R3
PU
Fly Ball to Left Field – No Catch – U3 Goes Out
Runner on 3rd
Fly ball to left field. No catch. U3 goes out
R3 advances to home.
Batter runner advances toward 2nd base.
U2
U3
U2
U
3
U1
R3
PU
3 Man Mechanics
Basic Principles in 3 Man Mechanics:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Box them in
Communication is very important
Infield umpires may go out.
Balk Concentration
Basic Outfield Coverage
Overthrows
B
Initial Positions and Outfield Coverage
CF
U1
U3
U
3
U1
PU
No Runners on Base
Infield Catch Coverage
No Runners on Base
U3
PU
U1
U1
PU
U3
Fair/Foul Coverage
No Runners on Base
PU has responsibility up to 1st base and 3rd base
U1 has responsibility for balls that hit 1st base and go past
U3 has responsibility for balls that hit 3rd base and go past
U
3
U1
PU
No Runners on Base
Clean Hit to the Outfield
Clean hit to the outfield with the batter runner
Advancing toward 3rd base.
PU – Reads the play and has any play on the batter runner at 3rd
U1 – watches the touch at 1st base and begins to move towards home
U3 – Enters the infield and has all plays on the batter runner at 2nd base.
U3
U
3
U1
PU
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Field - Catch
No Runners on Base
A routine fly ball to left field.
PU – Reads U3 and moves up the line for a possible play at 3rd if the ball is not caught
U1 – watches the touch at 1st base and begins to move towards home, if the ball
is not caught.
U3 – Enters the infield and has all plays on the batter runner at 2nd base if ball is
not caught.
U3
U
3
U1
PU
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Right Field – No Catch
No Runners on Base
A fly ball to right field, no catch. Batter runner advances towards third base.
PU – Reads U3 and moves up the line for a possible play at 3rd if the ball is not caught
U1 – Watches batter-runner touch 1st base.
U
3
U1
PU
Fly Ball to Left Field – No Catch
No Runners on Base
A fly ball to left field – no catch, batter-runner advances toward 3rd base.
PU – Has any play at home plate.
U1 – Moves into infield for any play on the batter-runner at 1st, 2nd, or 3rd
base
U3- Goes out on the fly ball.
U1
U
3
U1
U1
PU
Initial Positions and Outfield Coverage
CF
U3
U3 has all routine
Balls in this area.
U1 has all trouble
Balls in this area
U
3
R1
PU
U1
Runner on 1st
Infield Catch Coverage
Runner on 1st
U3
R1
PU
U1
PU
U3
U1
Fair/Foul Coverage
Runner on 1st
U
3
R1
PU
U1
Clean Hit to the Outfield
Runner on 1st
Clean hit to right field, R1 advances to 3rd base, batter runner rounds 1st
PU - reads R1 and moves to position for any play at 3rd base.
U1 – Watches BR touch 1st base and starts toward home plate.
U3 – Watches the touch at 2nd base and moves toward 1st for possible
play.
R1
U
3
R1
U3
PU
BR
PU
U1
BR
U1
Fly Ball to Left Field - Catch
Runner on 1st
Fly ball to left field – catch, U3 does not go out
U
3
R1
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Right Field- No Catch U1 goes Out
Runner on 1st
Fly ball to right field no catch. U1 goes out. R1 advances to 3rd
Batter runner rounds 1st base.
U1
U
3
R1
U3
R1
PU
BR
PU
BR
U1
Fly Ball to Right Field- Catch U1 goes Out
Runner on 1st
U1
U
3
U3
PU
R1
U1
Fly Ball to Left Field No Catch
Runner on 1st
R1
U
3
PU
R1
BR
R1
PU
R1
BR
PU
U1
U1
Fly Ball to Left Center Field U3 Goes Out
Runner on 1st
Deep fly ball to left center field, no catch
U3 goes out, R1 advances toward 3rd
Batter runner advances toward 2nd base.
U3
R1
U
3
U1
PU
R1
BR
R1
PU
R1
BR
PU
U1
Initial Position Outfield Coverage
Runners on 1st & 2nd
U3 has all routine balls in
This area.
U1 has all trouble balls
In this area
U3 has all
U1 has all
PU has all
R2
U
3
R1
PU
U1
Clean Hit to the Outfield
R2
Runners on 1st & 2nd
BR
U3
R1
R1
U3
R2
BR
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Right Field – No Catch U1 Goes Out
Runners on 1st & 2nd
Fly ball to right field, no catch. U1 goes out, R1 advances toward
3rd base and R2 advances toward home plate.
Batter runner rounds 1st base
U1
R2
U3
R1
BR
R1
U3
R2
BR
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Center Field – No Catch U3 Goes Out
U3
Runners on 1st & 2nd
Deep fly ball to left center field, no catch
U3 goes out. R2 advances toward home
R1 advances toward 3rd base.
Batter runner rounds 1st base
R2
BR
U3
R1
R1
U1
R2
BR
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 2nd
Fly Ball Down Left Field Line - Catch
Fly ball caught by left fielder, R2 tags up and advances
Toward 3rd base.
PU – rules on fair/foul and catch/no catch. Reads runners
For possible play at 3rd base.
U1- watches R1 and if R2 commits to 3rd base, U1 has any
Plays at home.
R2
BR
U3
R1
PU
PU
PU
BR
PU
U1
U1
Fly Ball to Left Center Field – Catch U3 Goes Out
U3
Runners on 1st & 2nd
Deep fly ball to left center field, catch
U3 goes out. R2 tags up and advances
toward 3rd base.
R2
U3
U1
R2
R1
PU
BR
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 2nd
Fly Ball to Left Center Field – No Catch
Fly ball to left center field, no catch
U3 does not go out. R2 advances toward home.
R1 advances toward 3rd base.
Batter runner advances toward 2nd base
R2
BR
U3
U1
R1
R1
U3
R2
BR
PU
U1
Clean Hit to Outfield
Runners on 1st, 2nd & 3rd
Clean hit to right field. U1 does not go out. R3 scores,
R2 moves toward home, R1 moves toward 3rdbase
Batter runner moves toward 2nd base.
R2
U1
U
3
R1
R3
BR
R1
U3
R2
PU
BR
R3
U1
Fly Ball Down the Left Field Line Catch
Runners on 1st, 2nd & 3rd
R2
U
3
R1
R3
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Right Field – Catch U1 goes Out
Runners on 1st, 2nd & 3rd
R2
U
3
R1
R3
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Centerfield- Catch U3 Goes Out
Runners on 1st, 2nd & 3rd
Fly ball to left center caught by the center fielder, U3
Goes out. R3 tags up, R2 tags up and advances to 3rd base
R2
U
3
R2
R3
R1
U1
R3
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Center Field- Catch
Runners on 1st, 2nd & 3rd
Fly ball to left center ball is caught. R3 advances to home
R2 tags up and advances toward 3rd base.
R2
U
3
R1
R3
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Clean Hit to Outfield
Clean hit to outfield no catch. R3 advances toward home
R1 advances toward 3rd base. Batter runner rounds 1st.
R1
BR
U
3
R1
R3
R3
BR
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Fly Ball to Left Center Field - Catch
Fly ball to left center. R3 tags up and advances toward home
U
3
R1
R3
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Fly Ball to Right Field - Catch
Fly Ball to right field caught. U1 goes out. R3 tags up
And advances to home.
U
3
R1
R3
R3
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Fly Ball to Left Field – No Catch
Fly ball to left field, no catch. R3 advances toward home
R1 advances toward 3rd base. Batter runner advances
Toward 2nd base.
U1
R1
U
3
BR
R1
U3
R3
R3
BR
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Center Field – Catch U3 Goes Out
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Fly ball caught by the left fielder in left center,
U3 goes out, R3 tags up. R1 remains at 1st base
U
3
U1
R3
R3
PU
R1
U1
Fly Ball to Left Center – No Catch – U3 Goes Out
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Deep Fly ball to left center field, no catch U3 goes out
Re advances toward home, R1 advances toward 3rd base
Batter runner advances toward 2nd base
U3
BR
U1
U
3
R1
R3
R1
R3
BR
PU
U1
Runners on 1st & 3rd
Fly Ball to Left Center Field – No Catch
Fly ball to left center field, no catch, R3 advances toward home,
R1 advances toward 3rd base, batter runner advances toward
2nd base.
BR
U1
R1
U
3
R1
U3
R3
R3
BR
PU
U1
Initial Positions and Outfield Coverage
Runner on 2nd
Less than 2 outs
U1 has all fly balls
In this area.
U3 has all trouble balls
In this area.
U1 has all routine balls.
R2
U1
U
3
PU
Initial Positions and Outfield Coverage
Runner on 2nd
Two Outs
U3 has all routine balls
In this area.
U3 has all balls
In this area.
U1 has all trouble balls.
R2
U
3
U1
PU
Infield Catch Coverage
Runner on 2nd
R2
U1
U3
PU
U1
PU
U3
Runner on 2nd
Fair/Foul Coverage
R2
U1
U
3
PU
Runner on 2nd
Clean Hit to Outfield
R2
U1
BR
U
3
U1
U3
R2
BR
PU
Runner on 2nd
Fly Ball to Center Field - Catch
R2
U1
U
3
U1
R2
U3
BR
PU
BR
Fly Ball to Left Field – No Catch – U3 Goes Out
U3
R2
U1
BR
U
3
U1
R2
BR
PU
Runner on 2nd
Fly Ball to Right Field - Catch
Runner on 2nd
Fly ball caught by the right fielder.
R2 tags up and advances toward 3rd base.
R2
U1
U1
U
3
BR
R2
U3
BR
PU
Runner on 2nd
Fly Ball to Right Center Field- Catch – U1 Goes Out
Fly ball to right center field, caught by the right fielder
U1 goes out, R2 tags up and advances toward 3rd base
U1
R2
U1
U
3
R2
U3
PU
Fly Ball to Right Center Field- No Catch – U1 Goes Out Runner on 2nd
Fly ball to right center field, no catch.
U1 goes out, R2 advances towards home
U1
R2
U3
U1
U
3
R2
BR
PU
BR
Runner on 2nd
Clean Hit to the Outfield
TWO OUTS
R2
U3
BR
U
3
U1
R2
BR
PU
Initial Positions and Outfield Coverage
U1 has all routine balls
In this area.
Runner on 2nd & 3rd
U1 has all balls
In this area.
U3 has all trouble balls.
R2
U1
U
3
R3
PU
Runners on 2nd & 3rd
Clean Hit to Outfield
R2
U1
BR
U
3
U1
R3
R2
R3
PU
Fly Ball to Left Field – Catch – U3 Goes Out
Runners on 2nd & 3rd
Fly ball caught by left fielder, U3 goes out
R3 tags up and advances toward home
R2 tags up and advances toward 3rd base
U3
R2
U
3
U1
R3
R3
PU
U1
Runners on 2nd & 3rd
Fly Ball Right Field Line - Catch
Fly ball caught by right fielder, R3 tags up and advances
Toward home. R2 tags up and advances toward 3rd base
R2
U1
U
3
R2
R3
R3
PU
Fly Ball to Right Center Field – Catch – U1 Goes Out Runners on 2nd & 3rd
U1
R2
U1
U
3
R2
R3
R3
PU
Fly Ball to Right Center Field – No Catch – U1 Goes Out Runners on 2nd & 3rd
U1
R2
U1
U
3
R2
R3
R2
R3
BR
PU
BR
Runners on 2nd & 3rd
Fly Ball to Right Center – No Catch
R2
U1
U
3
R2
R3
R3
PU
Runners on 2nd & 3rd
Clean Hit to the Outfield
TWO OUTS
R2
U
3
U1
R3
PU
Runner on 3rd
Clean Hit to Outfield
BR
U
3
U1
R3
R3
PU
Runner on 3rd
Fly Ball to Right Field – Catch – U1 Goes Out
BR
U
3
R3
R3
BR
PU
U1
Fly Ball to Left Center Field – Catch – U3 Goes Out
Runner on 3rd
Fly ball to left center field, caught by the left fielder
U3 goes out, R3 tags up but retreats.
U3
U
3
U1
U1
R3
PU